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    15 views6 pages

    Unit 5 Foreign Policy WWI Domestic Impacts

    Uploaded by

    DFG

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 6
    6¢4 ~ Tae Uses Nano hat employers not en- reed by more tha 5 frilion barwecn 1927 and (9 ‘The effort organize the lac accomplishments Hog aniaton of food supplies, he alroads, and others vats over before ders ofboth eedofehead che pi rs Some hoped o continue and extend the wate ex eaceine word Te Scar for Seid Unity “The dea of ono ony in he cetion of th ceonamy bi che ma teas svi pupose had been the dream of may pogrestesfor des. othe he warsemed toe a unnached opportuiy frie United Shes to sos ula teind aoe common cme The proses hey oped nical chee» ong sensu lecte pape Ta weve the Search for ity prodaced eoridenbl reresin. “Government las were pny sare tha pbleentiment abo. Amati savement inthe atk been divided before Ae 1927 and {emulned so cren aie the declaration of wat Many bleed dnc ‘event oro was unig plc option behind the ware. The ovement aprcaced askin evel aps “The mon conspnn of ils was a wt props cami sinalnt drumming ents or cof Is ratty Commatec ot Pbbe loon (CPD, wer the deco ofthe Dever Joule George Cred The CPL persed the ditibion of ver 75 ens pala he sion {Ne for nospopersand guns, Cre encouraged urna toeercie $atfcenorsip when poring war news and most journal frill ‘oe coon meses on by coer the werlogl he gor imc med. The CPTstenped wince Gibson "oes Aocscasso mteGasar Wan ne 645 believing ht the ruth would pk ote By 118, however, government: Uistrued posrersand fins were ofeing ord (and exagerstel) portray alsof the eaagery ofthe Germans ‘The government also soon began efforts to sopprese dissent, CPI- Ananced advertisements in magatines appealed to citizens report co the smthorties any evidence song thei neighbor of disloyalty, pes, or eating for peace. The Espionage Act of 1917 gave the goveenment new tool with which wo combat spying, ssboage, or abstraction af the wa fer(erimes that wet often broally dened). More sepresive were tro mes sures of 1918: the Sabotage Act of Ap zo eal she Seton Act of May 4 ‘These bil expanded the meaning of the Espionsge Act make ile ay pubic expression of opposition othe wari practice. they allowed oficial to prosecute anyone who cxtciaed che president o the goverment ‘The most Requent argetsof the new egisaaon and one ofthe ressne forts enactment the first place) were such anceps proupsaszke So als Party end the Indosral Workers ofthe World (WW), Unlike hei ‘vunterparts in Entope, American socialists had not deopped her opps ‘Sono he wa fer ei county had decided to join: Many Armenians Ind favored the repression uf sons and radial even Sefore che war the ‘arin policies now made it posible eo move aginst them with ul legal Sanction. Eugene V. Debs, the humane lender ofthe Sole Party and an ‘opponeat ofthe war, war sentenced to tn years in prton én 908 (A pa dan by Pzesidene Warren G. Harding wlimately won his elees in 1933.) Big Bill Haywood and members ofthe IWW were especialy energetically prosecuted, Only by feng tothe Soviet Union did Haywood avoid long “nprsonment In ally more than 11,500 people were arene in 918 fo the crime of etching the government State an local governments, corpritons universities, and pat cit teens conenibted as wellto the climate of repression. Vigilante mobs sprang pro *disepline” dhone who dared challenge the wa. A clster of cseens (poops emerged to moblize "respouble” members of thei corumuniis toroatout dsloyay. The mos Frequent victims of such actnties were im grins Ir Americans, beause oftheir historic animes toward the Brash and because some had, before 1917, expressed hopes fora German vier Jews, becruse many had exprested oppostion tothe anti-Semitic policesofthe Rosan goverment, antl 1927 one ofthe Allies, snd ober The greatest target of abuse wis he German-American commit. I smenlers had wnietingly contributed to theirplight In che Sit yor of che ‘tin Earop, some had openly advocsted Arverican aistance tothe Cen 645. ~ Tw Usrowsn0 Nenon real Bowers nd many had opposed United Stats intervention on bal of ‘he lies. Bue while most German Americons supported the American wat ‘fore ance baga, publie opinion tuned Rte hese. A carmaign wo purge scien of sl things German quick gathered spec times asa Ing Todirous forms. Performances of German music were fequenty Uunned. German hooks were removed rom the shelesofibrais, Courses inthe German language were dropped from schoo caciula. Germans were routinely fied from jobs in war Industries, le they sabotage” important tasks, Some were fred rom postions enraly unrelated tothe war, mong ‘hem Kail Muck the German-born condactor ofthe Beton Symphony Or chests Many Americas came eo agece withthe belie ft eminent poy ‘hologitG, Sealey all hat share meting andamentlly wrong with the Teatonie soul” SEARCH FOR A NEW WORLD ORDER frase the fighe for wht he considered a democratic postwar sea ime known 3, fol war aims reatig on a vision of new word order th Wisin cenigonlon Yi Xu Yo ‘On anuay 8, spi, Wibdoapeaed fie Congres to presen the pin hls for obich he ned the ehng He roped the wr ss Aide ree headings Fm the Fousen Points. Thy Into thre bond eager, Fog luo’ propos cocaine sere of {irate anges i i tbls ew masons weflace se eter Atsoo-Tungren aed O toman Epes Tho Sete hs lin the igh allgeoples to sel-degtination. Second, iby ara stoi general prin. hls to gov etn concn be Rae eed of iss, 96 ese ene, reductions Hee ee aden) foto of clonal is. Final, 2 pepe fora on that wool help iplemen ge pple ecnsment and eave re convenes Pre rerun Winn’ roponls For exe provid ‘naar, ‘a {iho had led the mation into war promising a just peace as tgntlsion, Even belore che armistice, he was prepating Ge Aon AN Tu GAT Was 647 y \dfennla for deci howto implement te “non sl dctemyaign! Ye rei or sojogted peoples Neverthe, Wilkos yen sh ely cameo enchan not onl sch fis on sera i ah Amshig d Europe) bac embers of geertons to come, Wag is lief sypey rooted in theidss of progressive, that igh} as 5 apable of gk an ecient govermmene a5 wee sie chat ‘once the integationaleomnity acre certain asic pote of con dhe and one eostracted modern nsttuns tothe, the human race oulen pee Wilkon wos wo te, nner (ev popiar support, olan Tere were, bow is path might be more Aca thane expec Is Esrope lesen che Allied powers were rearing to resist han ely before the anyhtige was signed Brin and France in parca, having lord ere nes and Raving developed sat bieres coward Gera 2s ry, were in no mond fra benign tnd generous peace, David Lla fhe Beis prime minster, bad ‘apaigned fr resection in t918 forthe execton of Kaiser Wile net weit ee vompron spec paghf ‘enter elecione Doe ey Tse, Domo eng vr hemo mpg mele Allie approval of his ea sthome snd abroad d cing problemsathome. In x98, “appetledothe American voters crats to Congess in the No- cape majorities in both porcor his peace “The nde yer deco thir wi tora he fo pil since ‘any Repub hd ben supporting the Fourteen Pind Wilson fa thr anapifed them when he ened to point ny mpd Rep cinco y/aotining enn tht wool epresens he Unt Ser ho Wilson himselt And once he ha produces jst nd moral ieileved, che weight of world and American opinion would sompel om September 25, 2919 he collapsed with sever headaches Canctng ie ‘Stel hsierayhenubod tack o Watngon, hes for an hesutaeia mar stake Fortwowecks, ews coeds snore wos so seriou il hat he could conduc viewaly no pp Se vo eas ferent roe Kin siege presen fom any ofl pesaes tap GR. cde bis recoven el resent pac oes ering apc ae sin hw ry fhe Wy ikon alas eer engh neue ciel ch. si bth cy in engin ‘i preside Hilde war pial pron eee depen hens tla emovonal ta le Hap nr tha ‘eresttanyatempt cope, Woy Fig Retons Car mince nal en the sexy Whe Sept recommending ey Sy Seni snd ress, WigiyAced vo conse ey of he toe foe cre Dencre sles dy msec Si che verion axe enlyforateaty with no changy hn feated. On Noveinber 19, fie dents ino, aoended wey. When remains, hi it fifty-five «ted, ae There fel version without any senators ell butane Demat ated tapprore sronths. Be Wiens oppontion to snthng nthe poeetlenet Be fad magia in Pos nana we omic oder ee He sx reve econ convinged tt the tro nt slsenest "oer cefrendonthe eaguBy nom, hau Bin inthe pace proces had bpun tne gudy ss eos ‘neg irom ern gh bor nepoe A SOCIETY IN TURMOIL Ben daring the Paris Peace Conference, many Americans were concerned les about international matters than about rrbulet events at home Some ofthis unease wasa lege af the almost hysteria social stmosphere ofthe woryeas some of ewasa response oss that surecd afer hearse @50 he Unble Barve “The war ended sooner than slmost anyone bad antipaced and without warning, without planing, the nition lrched into the dca ask of eco omicreeonverson. At st the Boom comsnued Bie poss prosperity rested largely onthe ingerog fect oft war (government def spend ing contied fr some month fer the armistice) and on sudden, tempo ‘ary demands (a booming market for sere consumer goods athorae anda ‘ong market for Amereanproductin the war ravaged aatons of Europe “The postwar boom was accompanied, moreover, by raging nation, a r= sultn part of che sodden abandonment of wartime rie contol. Through Inost of 1919 and 2920, ries roe a an average of more an 15 percent "nally, It in 1930, the economic bubble burt as many of ce tempo rary ores that had created it diappested and a inflation began ling the Inaket for consumer goods. Between 1930 and 1921, the gros maional product declined nearly 19 percent 108000 businesses went ban {syne farines lost thei ind, and nearly 5 illon Americas ost thee jobs ‘Well before this sever recession began, there was «dramatic increase in labor unrese The raging inflation of rot9 wiped out the modes wage fins wockers had achieved during the wat; many laborers were worried bout job security a hundreds of thousands of veterans returned tothe ‘rrk force, ardoous working condtions—such asthe twelve-hour day in he ‘eel indasuy conned tebe asoure of discontent. Employers aggravated ‘Beresenemeneby osing the end ofthe war (andthe end of gorerenent eon trol to resend benefits they had een frcedto concede to woskersin 1917 tnd 1918 most netably recognition of unions. The year 1919, therefore, faw an unpeecedented wave ofetrkee—more than 3,600 inl nvalring over “tilion workers In Janvary, a wallout by shipyard workers in Seale, ANA ‘Washington evolved into a general strike dat becught che entire cyto vital tnd In Seprember, there was strike by Ube Boson police fe, thick was denaading recognition of ts union inthe wake of substantial y= (and wage cus, Sete had remained generlly calm; but with splice tf the ja, Boston erupeed in violence an looting. "These and other tres roused widespread middle-class host tothe unions, hwit tha played pars indenting the greatest sie of 1915 ‘eel strike chat began in September, when 350,000 stelworkersin several Inidwestem cities demanded an eigh-hove day and recogiton oftheir Union ‘The sel strike was long and biter and elimaed in riot in Gary, GS) 652 ~ Tue Ussanit Nenow Tadian,in whic eightcen stirs were killed Stel executives managed wo ep most plants runing with aun labo, and public opinion was so hostile tothe srkers thatthe AFL nly epadiated uhm, By Jamvary, the strike had collapsed, “The wave ol strikes wats reflection of thehigh expectations workers had in the aera of war tht they believed had Dees fought, in pare, 0 fre dueright. It wa oa reflecion ofthe power ofthe forces arrayed ‘guns them. An oficial ofthe War Labor Boa, observing the dismal post- sve experience of union sid in #516-"The workers ofthe Aled world hve teen told that they were enguged ina democracy... They are asking now, "Where that democracy for which we fonghe? © The Demands of Azan Amaricns ‘The Hack nen who ha ervedin the armed forces dig the war (367,009 of them) came home in 199 and marched down the main sre ofthe in “fsul ces with other resuming troops. Ande in New Yorkand other ‘ities they marched agin through the sees of black neighborhoods suck {Talent le by je bands, cheered by thousands of African Americas, “tho believed chat the gary of bck heroiam inthe war would make i> posible for whit sce ever again to teat African Americans as les han queens. Tn trth, the act that black soldiers ha fought the war had almost an mpl a al on-whiesttudes Buti did hae a profound effect on black atumdes:itaceneated African Americas bteress—and increased lacs

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