which a part of the intestine folds into the section immediately ahead of it. It typically involves the small bowel and less commonly the large bowel. Systemic amyloidosis is a rare disease characterized by the extracellular deposition of amyloid protein in one or more organs. Involvement of the small bowel is frequent in systemic amyloidosis, and protein deposition is mainly seen in the mucosa, the submucosal connective tissues, the muscularis propria and within blood vessel walls. The deposition of amyloid into the blood vessel walls causes bowel ischemia and muscle atrophy leading, eventually, to mucosal erosion or ulceration Paralytic ileus: Obstruction of the intestine due to paralysis of the intestinal muscles. Layers of the colon • When the entire colon is removed, this is called a total colectomy, also known as Lane's Operation. If the rectum is also removed, it is a total proctocolectomy. Subtotal colectomy is resection of part of the colon or a resection of all of the colon without complete resection of the colon. Subtotal colectomy is resection of part of the colon without complete resection of the colon.