BTS(Base Transceiver Station)

• It Consists of 4 main and basic modules

namely :
1)Digital modules
2)RF Modules
3)Power Supply and Circuit
breaker modules.
4) Thermal Control system
module.
 DIGITAL MODULES:

• Provide the micro base control unit (micro

BCU) functionality for the BTS site.
• LOCATION: bottom right side of the cage
• electronically interconnected through the
backplane.
Digital module and BPSM locations
 Micro Base Control Unit(BCU):
• This contains master and optional redundant digital
modules:
– Fiber Optic Multiplexer (FMUX).
– Main Control Unit with dual FMUX (MCUF).
– Network Interface Units (NIUs), four in total.
– An alarm board (no redundancy option).
– One or two (for redundancy) BCU Power Supply
Modules (BPSMs).
 FUNCTION OF micro BCU:
• The BCU can:
– Supports two MCUFs (1+1) at a BTS site

– Enable Master MCUF failure to result in slave MCUF

becoming master after reset.

– Enable OMC operator to initiate master/slave MCUF

swap.

– Configure CTUs by the master MCUF.

Modules:
Digital module and CTU connections
• The MCUF is connected to the CTUs in the same
cabinet through the backplane.
• FMUXs, two internal to the MCUF and one half size
module, convert the electronic data stream into a
fiber optic signal.
• An FMUX module in each extension cabinet converts
the fibre optic signal back to electronic data stream,
for transmission to CTUs via the backplane.
• The NIU modules convert signals for terrestrial E1 or
T1 lines
Main Control Unit with duel FMUX (MCUF):-
• The MCUF provides the following functions:

– Call processing.

– Switching of traffic and control information.

– Timing reference and network/BTS master clock synchronization.

– The functionality of two FMUX

– Support of up to six E1 or T1 circuits, via NIU modules.

– Support of the CSFP function via the PCMCIA flash memory card.
View of the Main Control Unit with dual FMUX (MCUF)
module
 FRONT PANEL PORTS:
• TTY interface:
– A standard TTY interface is provided, of 9.6 kbit/s. A local maintenance terminal
can be attached to this port to use the Man Machine Interface (MMI) of the MCUF.

• Debug and BDM ports:

– Two front panel ports are for Motorola factory and development use only

• FMUX fiber optic connections:

– There are fiber optic connections from the MCUF internal FMUX modules. The fiber
optic connectors enable connection to FMUX modules in other cabinets for
additional transceivers.

• CAL port:
– used to calibrate the sync block clock via MMI commands.

• PCMCIA Interface:
– Code Storage Facility Processor (CSFP) memory. Rapid site initialization. The
PCMCIA socket is an industrial standard 68 pin single socket, fitted with an ejector.
 Other Components:
• DRAM
– 16 Mbyte size
– provides operational code and data storage for the main processors.
– a SIMM socket in the circuit board, enabling the addition of a further 16
Mbytes if required.

• Fast flash EPROM

– 1 Mbyte (256k x 32) size
– Used for boot code and executive process code. It has a fast access time
(<75 ns) , enabling direct execution.

• Slow flash EPROM

– The slow flash 0.5 Mbyte (256k x 16) is used for non-volatile data storage
of diagnostic data and module ID information.
CODE LOADING:
 CSFP code loading

• If a PCMCIA memory card is available, then a code storage facility

processor (CSFP) function can be supported.

• A new software load can be downloaded in background, without any

reduction in service.

• In PCMCIA card, code swap can be initiated. The site is reset and
the new software brought into service (<10 minutes).

• As a precaution, the old version is held on the PCMCIA card to

support a roll back to the original version if required.
 SYNC Block:
• Controlled via the parallel interface of the main processors.

• Responsible for site synchronization functions.

• Generates all required local references from a high stability local clock
source.

• Site frame reference generation and re-timing includes:

– 2.048 MHz - For serial communications.
– 16.384 MHz - For FMUX communications.
– 125 s - For NIU framing and transceiver framing.
– 60 ms- For transceiver GSM timing.
– 6.12 s - For GSM superframe.
 Fiber Optic Multiplexer (FMUX)
module and FMUX function
• Required to multiplex six full duplex transceiver links onto a single
fiber link, and demultiplex a single fiber link to six full duplex
transceiver links.

• Has two modes of operation:

– Working in conjunction with the MCUF to multiplex transceiver
links to/from an extension cabinet.
– Operating in the extension cabinet to supply the transceivers in
that cabinet.

• Each FMUX fiber optic link is full duplex 16.384 Mbit/s. The FMUX
optical link is capable of driving up to 1 km.
FMUX:
FMUX Functionality: