Understanding by Design (UBD)

Chapter 9
 In this chapter, Stage three look into learners’ needs and find out ways
to prepared them to achieve desired result.
 The chapter talks about focusing on appropriate learning activities
rather than direct instruction as direct instruction itself is a part of
learning activity.
 Stage 3 should include goals and assessments from stage one and two in
order to have effective learning activities.
 The answer to achieve the best learning design are engaging and
effective method. An engaging design should stimulate learners’
attention and draw them into the topic while effective design creates
impact in learners’ experience and help them to develop better skill and
understanding.
 The chapter introduce the acronym WHERETO as a key aspect of
instructional planning.
o W (where and why): Teacher should make a clear instruction to let
learners know where they are heading to and why are they
learning this content.
o H (hook and hold) Teacher will try to hook students interests and
hold their attention throughout the lessons.
o E (equip) Teacher helps equip students with necessary steps to
help achieve the learning objectives.
o R (rethink, reflect and revise) Allow students opportunities to
rethink and reflect what they have learn and give them time to
revise on their work.
 o E (evaluation) Create opportunity for students to evaluate their
own progress
o T (tailored) Teacher needs to tailor activities to for students of
different needs.
o O (organized) Teacher should organized their learning activities
that can allows students to have deeper learning instead of just
surface learning.

Chapter 10
 The use of textbooks should be as a reference for teachers instead of
syllables. When designing, teacher should be aware that textbooks has
simplified a lot of knowledge in order to suit the majority of most
student learning levels.
 Textbooks usually over simplified the big ideas, important issue in order
to allow majority students to understand it. Students will rely on what
they have read and assume that it is the information that they needed to
know without questioning about the information given.
 Teacher should serve as a facilitator to guide students in the process of
learning by educating them to questions or verify the information they
learned.
 Teachers has to constantly be aware of what they are teaching to their
students as teachers tend to have tendency to complicate their students
by delivering too much information that they think are important.
Teachers needs to be able to relate the types of teaching method to the
type of content they are delivering to their students.
 Teachers are encourage to use different kind of formative assessment to
check for understanding including questionnaires, one-minute essay,
hand signals, analogy prompt, visual representation, oral questions,
follow up probes and misconception check.