POPULATION GENETICS

Name : Apfia Mutiara

Student ID : B1B018054
Group : 2
Subgroup : D1
Assistant : Siska

LABORATORY OF GENETICS AND MOLECULAR

FACULTY OF BIOLOGY
JENDERAL SOEDIRMAN UNIVERSITY
PURWOKERTO
2019
 RESULT AND DISCUSSION
A. Result
Table 1.1 Data Calculation Group D1

No Blood Type Total

1 A 5
2 B 8
3 AB 1
4 O 10
24

1. Phenotype Frequency

Frequey phenotype bloodtype A = 0,2

Frequey phenotype bloodtype B = 0,2

Frequey phenotype bloodtype AB = 0,041

Frequey phenotype bloodtype O = 0,41

2. Alel Frequency

p=

q=

r=

p+q+r=1
p + r = 1-q
(p+r)² = (1-q)²
p² + 2pr + r² = (1-q)²

+ + = (1-q)²

A + O = (1-q)²
 0,2 + 0,41 = (1-q)²

= 1-q

0,78 = 1-q
q = 1-0,78

/q = 0,22

r=

/r = 0,64

p+q+r=1
p + 0,22 + 0,64 = 1
p = 1-0,22-0,64

p/ = 0,14

3. Genotype Frequency

A= = p² = 0,14² = 0,0196

A2 = = 2pr = 2*0,14*0,64 = 0,1792

B= = q² = 0,0484

B2 = = 2pr = 0,1792

O= = 0,64² = 0,4096

AB = = 2pq = 0,0616

Table 1. Blood Type Data ABO

Golongan Rombongan Jumlah
A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2 D1 D2
 Darah
A 7 8 5 5 7 5 5 5 47
B 5 5 7 7 6 7 8 6 51
AB 0 0 3 1 0 3 1 3 11
O 10 10 9 11 10 7 10 13 80
Jumlah 22 23 24 24 23 22 24 27 189

Table 2. Phenotype Frequency

Frekuensi Rombongan
Fenotipe A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2 D1 D2
A 0.31 0.35 0.2 0.21 0.3 0.23 0.21 0.18
B 0.22 0.22 0.29 0.29 0.26 0.32 0.33 0.22
AB 0 0 0.12 0.04 0 0.14 0.04 0.11
O 0.45 0.43 0.37 0.46 0.43 0.32 0.42 0.48

Table 3. Alel Frequency

Frekuensi Rombongan
Alel A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2 D1 D2
IA 0.2 0.2 0.15 0.15 0.2 0.17 0.14 0.12
IB 0.13 0.1 0.25 0.18 0.15 0.26 0.21 0.19
IO 0.67 0.7 0.6 0.67 0.65 0.57 0.65 0.69

Table 4. Genotype Frequency

Frekuensi Rombongan
Genotipe A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2 D1 D2
IAIA 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01
IAIO 0.27 0.28 0.18 0.2 0.26 0.19 0.18 0.16
IBIB 0.02 0.01 0.06 0.03 0.02 0.07 0.04 0.03
IBIO 0.17 0.14 0.3 0.25 0.2 0.3 0.28 0.26
IAIB 0.05 0.04 0.07 0.05 0.06 0.09 0.06 0.04
IOIO 0.45 0.49 0.37 0.46 0.42 0.32 0.42 0.48
Graphic 1. Frekuensi Fenotipe Rombongan I – VIII

Grafik 2. Frekuensi Fenotipe Rombongan A1-D2

Grafik 3. Frekuensi Alel Rombongan I – VIII

Grafik 3. Frekuensi Genotipe Rombongan I – VIII
A. DISCUSSION
Population genetics is a subfield of genetics that deals with genetic
differences within and between populations, and is a part of evolutionary
biology. Studies in this branch of biology examine such phenomena
as adaptation, speciation, and population structure. Medelian population is
patterns of inheritance of certain traits sometimes cannot be studied through
experimental crosses, but must be done direct observations of a natural
population. Gene pool is the set of all genes, or genetic information, in
any population, usually of a particular species.
The Hardy-Weinberg Law states: In a large, random-mating
population that is not affected by the evolutionary processes of mutation,
migration, or selection, both the allele frequencies and the genotype
frequencies are constant from generation to generation. Furthermore, the
genotype frequencies are related to the allele frequencies by the square
expansion of those allele frequencies. In other words, the Hardy-Weinberg
Law states that under a restrictive set of assumptions, it is possible to
calculate the expected frequencies of genotypes in a population if the
frequency of the different alleles in a population is known. The requisites of
Hardy-Weinberg Law are in big population, random mating, there is no
mutation, there is noo migration, and there is no natural selection.
Genetic drift (also known as allelic drift or the Sewall Wright
effect) is the change in the frequency of an existing gene variant (allele) in a
population due to random sampling of organisms. The alleles in the offspring
are a sample of those in the parents, and chance has a role in determining
whether a given individual survives and reproduces. A population's allele
frequency is the fraction of the copies of one gene that share a particular
form. Genetic drift may cause gene variants to disappear completely and
thereby reduce genetic variation. It can also cause initially rare alleles to
become much more frequent and even fixed. The example of genetic drift is a
population of rabbits can have brown fur and white fur with brown fur being
the dominant allele. By random chance, the offspring may all be brown and
this could reduce or eliminate the allele for white fur.
So, from the data, we knew that the population of AB blood type is
smaller than the other blood type. Although data already combine with the
other groups, but the population of AB blood type still in smaller amount.