Jde`ro hon Jonsdj Kjhrìs Dneds [ule`kyd

Ostuhlkjto
Xutdr ho Nk`drktdrld Akroj Ytogkjåk @krrork
Iojtrd Mdsì Ionostljd Eutls

VPKIXLIK JD. 6; JDPEKY HO YOC_PLHKH OJ ON NK@DPKXDPLD

NK@DPKXDPLD
;. Hogljk=

k. Ploscd Idjslsto oj nk prosojilk ho uj drckjlsed, d nk sustkjilk

@ldnùclid horlvkhk ho uj drckjlsed quo pnkjtok sd`ro tdhd ujk keojkzk
k nk sknuh buekjk. Ostds puohoj sor nds roslhuds skjltkrlds,
euostrk ho uj elirddrckjlsed, vlrus d tdxljks quo puoho
rosuntkr pktùcojk.
`. @krrork Nk `krrork prdtoitdrk os uj idjioptd sd`ro nks kiildjos y
prdtoitdrk eìtdhds quo tdhd sor buekjd slcuo oj drhoj pkrk prdtocorso
ho rloscds `ldnùclids. Ostd ovltk nk oxpdslilùj hlroitk k skjcro
dtrds gnulhds drcëjlids pdtojilkneojto idjtkeljkjtos, eohlkjto
nk utlnlzkilùj ho ektorlknos khoiukhds quo so ljtorpdjckj kn
idjtkitd ho nds elseds.
i. Kcojto Yo idjslhork kcojto ljgoiildsd k tdhk kquonnk ojtlhkh ikpkz ho
ljgoiildsd prdhuilr ujk ojgoreohkh ljgoiildsk oj uj buìspoh (buekjd,
kjlekn, vocotkn, oti.) sojsl`noeojto prohlspuostd. Oxlstoj
hlgorojtos tlpds ho kcojtos, quo puohoj sor ljgoiildsds d
pktùcojds, ostds sdj=

-@kitorlks.
-Boneljtds
-Bdjcds
-Vrldjos
-Vrdtdzdds
-Wlrus

h. Jlvon ho Vdhoeds hosirl`lr nds jlvonos ho socurlhkh socýj

`ldsocurlhkh ide`ljkildjos prëitliks y tìijliks ho nk`drktdrld, oqulpds ho
;,0 y 9 socurlhkh o ljstknkildjos, ikhk ide`ljkilùj os ospoiåglikeojto
kprdplkhk pkrk nks dporkildjos nnovkhks k ik`d, nks våks ho
trkjselslùj hdiueojtkhks d sdspoibkhks ho nds kcojtos
ljgoiildsds y nk gujilùj d nk kitlvlhkh ho nk ljstknkilùj, nds jlvonos
ho socurlhkh so hlvlhoj oj iuktrd, ostds sdj=

Jlvon ;= Nks ljstknkildjos y prkitliks sdj khoiukhks pkrk nk

ohuikilùj soiujhkrlk d ujlvorsltkrlk, so trk`kmk idj
elirddrckjlseds ho nds quo so idjdio jd prdhuioj ojgoreohkh,
ostks tlojoj plnotk nkvk ekjds.
 Jlvon 0= Nks prëitliks, nds oqulpds, on hlsoûd y nk idjstruiilùj ho
ljstknkildjos sdj kpnlik`nos k nk`drktdrlds ohuiktlvds, ho
hlkcjùstlid, inåjlids u dtrds hdjho so trk`kmk idj uj kepnld
ospoitrd ho kcojtos ho rloscd edhorkhd quo so ojiuojtrkj
prosojtos oj nk ideujlhkh y quo ostëj ksdilkhds idj
ojgoreohkh buekjk ho vkrlkhk crkvohkh.

Jlvon 9= Xke`lìj idjdilhd ided jlvon ho idjtojilùj, ostds

nk`drktdrlds puohoj kpnlikrso k ljstknkildjos inåjliks, ho
prdhuiilùj, ljvostlckilùj, ohuikilùj d hlkcjùstlid, hdjho so
trk`kmk idj kcojtos oxùtlids d ljhåcojks idj pdtojilkn ho
trkjselslùj rosplrktdrlk, y quo puohoj prdvdikr ujk ljgoiilùj
crkvo y pdtojilkneojto notkn.

Jlvon 8= Idjdilhd ided jlvon ho idjtojilùj eëxlek, sdj

kpnlik`nos kn trk`kmd idj kcojtos ponlcrdsds d tùxlids quo
roprosojtkj uj kntd rloscd ljhlvlhukn ho ojgoreohkhos quo pdjoj
oj ponlcrd nk vlhk, quo puohoj trkjseltlrso k trkvìs ho kordsdnos
y pkrk nks iuknos jd oxlstoj vkiujks d torkplks hlspdjl`nos. Vdr
nd cojorkn, nk ljstknkilùj os uj ohlglild sopkrkhd d ujk zdjk
tdtkneojto klsnkhk idj slstoeks ho costlùj ho hosoibds y
roqulsltds ho vojtlnkilùj ospoilknlzkhds y idepnomds pkrk
provojlr nk nl`orkilùj ho kcojtos vlk`nos kn eohld ke`lojto.

0. [uì prdiohlelojtd ho`o soculr sl so prdhuio uj horrkeo ho ektorlkn `ldnùclid

idjtkeljkhd. Hosirl`k pksd k pksd.

Pospuostk= Iorrkr tdhks nk vënvunks ho kcuk y cks, lr ljeohlktkeojto k knortkr kn

porsdjkn knomëjhdnd hon nuckr y noor on pnkj ho idjtljcojilk quo so tojck oj on
nk`drktdrld, sl pdr on idjtrkrld, ostd roquloro ho ujk rospuostk ho gdrek ljeohlktk. Yo
dptk pdr pdjorso hds pkros ho cukjtos. Iu`rlr on horrkeo idj tonk d pkpon k`sdr`ojto.
Wortor uj hosljgoitkjto y pkrkr on trk`kmd, kn eojds, hurkjto 96 eljutds.

9. Eojildjo nds onoeojtds ho prdtoiilùj porsdjkn quo so ho`oj uskr oj on

nk`drktdrld ho `ldndcåk.

Pospuostk= Cukjtos, ckgks idj prdtoiilùj grdjtkn, `ktk `nkjik, cdrrk, tkpk`diks,

eksikrlnnk, zkpktds iùedhds, pkjtknùj y ikelsk nkrck ho ektorlkn leporeok`no y quo
sokj iùedhds.
 VPKIXLIK JD. 60 ELIPDYIDVÅK

Xk`nk ;= sleunkhdr elirdsidplk

D@MOXD K_EOJXD IKVX_PK HO KJËNLYLY \
D@YOPWKHD OJ ON VKJXKNNK IDJIN_YLDJOY
YLE_NKHDP
Vkpon elnleotrkhd 8R Yo puoho d`sorvkr nks
nåjoks hon pkpon elnleotrkhd,
idj on ojgdquo 8R os pkrk
d`sorvkr kncd quo jd so
bkyk poril`lhd k slepno
vlstk y so puoho idrroclr.
Vkpon elnleotrkhd ;6R On kiorikelojtd ho nk
lekcoj os rkhlikn, so puoho
d`sorvkr ikhk nåjok, nk
lekcoj idelojzk k edstrkr
pkrtåiunks ided ho idndr,
nëplz y tlorrk.
Vkpon elnleotrkhd 86R On eujhd oxtorjd
hoskpkroio, so d`sorvkj
prdtu`orkjilks, pkrtåiunks
ho idndr y sd`ro tdhd on
tomlhd ho nk bdmk.

Xk`nk 0= Yleunkhdr d`sorvkilùj kn elirdsidpld  ’ euostrk blnd

D@MOXD K_EOJXD IKVX_PK HO KJËNLYLY \

D@YOPWKHD OJ ON VKJXKNNK IDJIN_YLDJOY
YLE_NKHDP
Blnd 8R Yo d`sorvk nk gdrek y idndr
ho nds blnds sd`ro on pdrtk
d`motds.

Blnd ;6R Yo ojgdik oj nk gdrek y

idndr ho nds blnds, pord
kbdrk nk rosdnuilùj y
kueojtd os ovlhojto kn
d`sorvkr poquoûds
hostonnds ho nuz sd`ro on
d`motd y tke`lìj so
hlgorojilk quo so ojiuojtrk
kn rovìs nk lekcoj.
 Blnd 86R  Kbdrk so euostrk ndsnds
poquoûds „ponds― ho nds quo
ostk boibd on blnd, on idndr
ho ostds os eës inkrd,
vlìjhdso su plceojtd, nk nuz
ljcrosk pdr tdhds nkhds hon
blnd. Hlstljculojhd quo jd
tdhd nds glnkeojtd so
ojrdnnkj quohkjhd idnckhds
hon iuorpd prljilpkn.

Iuostldjkrld ho nk prëitlik 0

;´[uì os on pdhor ho rosdnuilùj4

rosdnuilùj4
Pospuostk= On pdhor ho rosdnuilùj ho edstrkr hds pujtds hlstljtds y sopkrkhds quo
ostëj euy ikrik ojtro så, oj nuckr ho kncd `drrdsd ýjlid. ostë hotoreljkhd oj pkrto pdr
nk ndjcltuh ho djhk ho nk rkhlkilùj oepnokhk pkrk lnueljkr nk sustkjilk u drckjlsed y
os ljvorskeojto prdpdrildjkn k nk elsek, os hoilr, k eojdr ndjcltuh ho djhk, ekydr
pdhor ho rosdnuilùj y jltlhoz pkrk vor on d`motlvd.

0 ´[uì os on pdhor ho kueojtd4

Pospuostk= Vorelto ekcjlglikr nk lekcoj, on kueojtd ho uj elirdsidpld os ujk ho nks
ikrkitoråstliks osojilknos quo hogljo su iknlhkh y on tlpd ho euostrks quo so pdhrëj
d`sorvkr. On kueojtd tdtkn ho uj elirdsidpld ljhlik oj quì eohlhk osto puoho
kueojtkr nk lekcoj ho nk euostrk d`sorvkhk, ostd pdr eohld ho nk nojto quo oj
euibds iksds, nk lekcoj so d`sorvk kn rovìs, so ekjomkj vkrlds tlpds ho nojto, ostë on
ho 8R, ;6R y 86R ojtro euibds dtrds.

9. ´Iuën os nk utlnlhkh hon elirdsidpld4

Pospuostk= On elirdsidpld os uj ljstrueojtd ùptlid, gdrekhd pdr uj slstoek ho nojtos
ho jde`ro d`motlvds y diunkros quo kepnåkj nds d`motds oxtroekhkeojto poquoûds
pkrk pdsl`lnltkr su d`sorvkilùj o ljvostlckilùj.

8. Eojildjo iukn os on vkndr ho ikhk ujd ho nds nds d`motlvds pkrk uj elirdsidpld
ùptlid idepuostd ided on quo so oepnok oj nds Nk`drktdrlds ho @ldndcåk.
Pospuostk= Oj nds d`motlvd, on vkndr vlojo idj ujk slcnk R ostd slcjlglik o n kueojtd
diunkr pdr on hon d`motlvd hkjhd ided rosuntkhd on jýeord ho voios quo so puoho vor=

D`motlvd ;= 8R
D`motlvd 0= ;6R
D`motlvd 9= 06R
D`motlvd 8= 86R
D`motlvd ?= 76R
 VPKIXLIK Jd. 69  ’ NK IÌN_NK

Xk`nk 9= Hosirlpilùj tlpds ho iìnunk

Lekcoj Xlpd ho iìnunk Xomlhd oj on quo so Hosirlpilùj cojorkn
ojiuojtrk
Nks romlnnks ho nk
eoe`rkjk sdj
Xomlhd Wocotkn, knkrckhks idj su
Iìnunk Ouikrldtk tomlhd ho Oplhorels pkroh ionunkr, so
Wocotkn ho nk io`dnnk quo d`sorvkj k ;6R. Os
(Io`dnnk) ostk ojtro nks ikpkz ho idndr trkspkrojto.

Nk eoe`rkjk tlojo
gdrek knkrckhk
Xomlhd Wocotkn, roitkjcunkr, ostk vlstd
Iìnunk Ouikrldtk tomlhd ho Oplhorels hosho ;6R idj tljilùj
Wocotkn ho nk io`dnnk quo ho nucdn quo hk idndr
(Io`dnnk) ostk ojtro nks ikpkz kjkrkjmkhd dsiurd
hdjho so d`sorvk on
jýinod ho kjkrkjmkhd
y pkroh ionunkr hon
elsed idndr.

Yo kpnlik uj pdid ho
knidbdn y nuocd tljilùj
idj nucdn kn idrto ho
Xomlhd pkpk quo tlojo quo
Iìnunk Ouikrldtk Vkrojqulektdsd ho sor euy gljd pkrk quo
Wocotkn nk pkpk, idrto so d`sorvo oj on
(Vkpk Vkstusk) trkjsvorskn iksl elirdsidpld, on nucdn
trkspkrojto tlûo ho idndr edrkhd
nds kelndpnkstds quo
tlojo gdrek osgìrlik d
ho gdreks eýntlpnos.

Yo tdek hds crkeds

ho nk punpk, ojtro nk
Xomlhd `nkjhd ojtro soelnnk y nk iksikrk,
Iìnunk Ouikrldtk nks soelnnks y punpk ostk euostrk os ho
Wocotkn kekskhd bkstk quo punpk ekhurk, vlstd
(Vunpk ho Xdekto) quoho gljd oj 86R y ;6R, su
idndr os kjkrkjmkhd
dpkid y so d`sorvkj
nds irdedpnkstds quo
sdj nds quo cojorkn on
idndr rdmd hon tdekto.
 Lekcoj d`sorvkhk k
86R sd`ro kcuk, oj
hdjho so d`sorvk on
Iìnunk Ouikrldtk Xomlhd Wocotkn, bdmks idndr vorho ho nds
Wocotkn euy poquoûks ho nk indrdpnkstds y su
(Ondhok) pnkjtk pkroh ionunkr idj
gdrek ho pkjkn, nds
indrdpnkstds so
ojiuojtrk oj
edvlelojtd (ilindsls).

Nk euostrk so tdek
idj idpltd y so
Iìnunk Ouikrldtk Iìnunks Osikedsks d`sorvk k 86R, so
Kjlekn Opltonlknos ho nk d`sorvk quo nk tljilùj
(Yknlvk Buekjk) `dik guo pdr Ykgrkjljk, nk
iìnunks sdj ho idndr
vldnotk idj su jýinod
y pkroh ionunkr, y
tlojoj gdrek
boxkcdjkn y
iltdpnksek.

Yo pljibk on hohd
pkrk tdekr nk
euostrk, ostk so homk
Iìnunk Ouikrldtk Iìnunks Ykjcuåjoks soikr y so roknlzk
Kjlekn tljilùj idj idndrkjto
Srlcbt y so d`sorvk
idj ;66R nds
orltrdiltds, nljgdiltds y
joutrùglnds. Nk iìnunks
sdj rohdjhks ho idndr
edrkhd y vldnotk `loj
hlgorojilkhds pdr su
eoe`rkjk ionunkr.

Iuostldjkrld ho nk prëitlik 9
Poidjdzik nks pkrtos ho nks iìnunks hon tomlhd
to mlhd oplhorekn ho io`dnnk y idjtosto nks
slculojtos procujtks=

´[uì gdrek tlojo nks iìnunks ho Gdrek knkrckhk d lsdhlkeìtrliks

osto tomlhd4

´[uì gujilùj iuepno on tomlhd Ojvuonvo y prdtoco nk pnkjtk, roiu`rlìjhdnk pkrk

oplhorekn4 ovltkr nk rosoikilùj, tke`lìj kyuhk k k`sdr`or on

Vkrìjqulek ho pkpk.
´[uì gdrek tlojoj nks iìnunks ho
osto tomlhd4
´[uì gujilùj iuepnoj4
Oplhorels y pkrìjqulek ho
Ondhok.
´[uì gdrek tlojoj nks iìnunks4
´[uì ostruiturks ionunkros so
d`sorvkj oj nk lekcoj4
´[uì gujilùj iuepnoj nds
indrdpnkstds4
´[uì os ilindsls4 ´Vdr quì so
roknlzk4
Xomlhd osikedsd opltonlkn
´[uì gdrek tlojoj nks iìnunks
quo gdrekj on tomlhd osikedsd
opltonlkn buekjd4
´Iuën os nk gujilùj hon tomlhd
opltonlkn4
Iìnunks skjcuåjoks
kcuk y sknos eljorknos y quo pksoj cksos pkrk
su trkjsplrkilùj.
trkjsplrkilùj.
Gdrek osgìrlik
 Knekiojk sustkjilks ho rosorvk
rosorvk quo so
ojiuojtrkj oj sdnuilùj d oj gdrek ho pkrtåiunks
sùnlhks.
Nk oplhorels tlojo gdrek knkrckhk, idj ikslnnks
boxkcdjknos y nk pkrìjqulek tlojo gdrek
dvknkhk quo ostëj oj edvlelojtd.
Vkroh ionunkr y Indrdpnkstds
Yu gujilùj os roknlzkr nk gdtdsåjtosls, prdiosd oj
on quo so d`tlojoj blhrktds ho ikr`djd k pkrtlr ho
nk ojorcåk ho nk nuz y on dxlhd ho ikr`djd.
Xke`lìj os nk ojikrckhk hon knekiojkelojtd
hon knelhùj y nk såjtosls ho prdtoåjks
Nk ilindsls os uj edvlelojtd porekjojto
clrktdrld ho nks ionunkr vocotknos y kncujks kncks,
on edvlelojtd vkrlk gujhkeojtkneojto
hopojhlojhd hon ostkhd ho nks ionunkr1 su gujilùj
os nk ho gkilnltkr on ljtorike`ld ho sustkjilks
ljtrkionunkreojto d ojtro nk iìnunk y on oxtorldr.
Yu gdrek os boxkcdjkn
Poiopilùj ho soûknos jorvldsks, kså ided oj
k`sdr`or, prdtocor y soirotkr sustkjilks, oj osto
iksd ho nk `dik, pdrquo hopojhlojhd hon sltld oj
on quo so ojiuojtroj soirotkj sustkjilks
hlstljtks.
 Poidjdzik nks iìnunks quo gdrekj on tomlhd skjcuåjod y idjtosto nks slculojtos
procujtks

´[uì tlpds hlgorojtos ho iìnunks

so ojiuojtrkj oj ujk euostrk ho
skjcro4 Osquoektlio hlibks
gdreks

´Oj iuënos ho ostks gdreks Nds cnù`unds rdmds y nks pnkquotks.

ionunkros jd ojiuojtrk jýinod4
´Iuënos so ojiuojtrkj oj ekydr -Joutrùglnd 7?%
ikjtlhkh4 -Odsljùglnd 9%
-@ksùglnd 6,?%
-Edjdiltd ?%
-Nljgdiltd 0?%

´[uì gujilùj iuepnoj ostks -Nds cnù`unds rdmds kyuhkj oj on trkjspdrto ho

iìnunks4 dxlcojd k tdhd on iuorpd.

-Nds cnù`unds `nkjids iuepnoj nk gujilùj ho

prdtocor on drckjlsed ho iuknqulor ho
ljgoiildjos prdhuilhks pdr cìreojos.

-Nks pnkquotks iuepnoj nk gujilùj ho idkcunkr nk

skjcro iukjhd bky borlhks, pkrk prdtocor y
roidjstrulr on drckjlsed.

VPKIXLIK Jd. 68  ’ XOMLHDY WOCOXKNOY

Xk`nk 8= Hosirlpilùj tomlhds vocotknos

Lekcoj Ektorlkn Xlpd ho tomlhd Gujilùj

`ldnùclid hon
quo so
d`tlojo
 Xomlhd ho Ydstìj Hkr gdrek kn
(idrto boibd oj osquonotd ho nk
pork ekhurk, pnkjtk y
idrto ho nk pkrto ekjtojornk
Vork ikrjdsk y idj on orculhk sd`ro
`lsturå so bkio tdhd oj pnkjtks
uj ekiorkhd oj iroilelojtd y
vlstd oj 86R, so ikrkitorlzk pdr
hdjho so voj nks nk kiueunkilùj
osinorolhks) ho ionundsk y
poitljk

Yo diupkj ho
Xomlhd Vrdtoitdr roscukrhkr nk
(Euostrk ho nk pnkjtk oxlnlëjhdnk
Bdmk ho Dnlvd sustkjilk `nkjik hon oxtorldr y nds
quo hosprojho nk pdsl`nos ktkquos
bdmk nnkekhds oxtorjds. Vrdtoco
ponds k nk pnkjtk ho
osikelgdreos, kcojtos oxtorjds
rkspkjhd idj uj ided
`lsturå vlstk k hosoikilùj, on
86R) kcuk nnuvlk y
kcojtos
ljgoiildsds ided
`kitorlks

Yo diupkj ho
Xomlhd Vrdtoitdr roscukrhkr nk
(D`sorvkilùj k pnkjtk oxlnlëjhdnk
Bdmk ho Nlrld 86R, hdjho so hon oxtorldr y nds
d`sorvk nds pdsl`nos ktkquos
indrdpnkstds y oxtorjds. Vrdtoco
nks iìnunks k nk pnkjtk ho
dinuslvks) kcojtos oxtorjds
ided
hosoikilùj, on
kcuk nnuvlk y
kcojtos
ljgoiildsds ided
`kitorlks

VPKIXLIK Jd. 6?  ’ HLWOPYLHKH ELIPD@LKJK

Xk`nk ?= Hlvorslhkh elird`lkjk
Lekcoj Hosirlpilùj ho nk d`sorvkilùj
 Xlpd ho Elirddrckjlsed= @kitorlk hon
 \dcurt.
Xljilùj= Kzun ho Eotlnojd.
Drlcoj= Nëitod.
Gdrek ho Kcrupkrso= Oj ikhojk y idndjlk.

Xlpd ho Elirddrckjlsed= Kncks y

Vrdtdzdds.
Xljilùj= Kzun ho Nkitdgojdn.
Drlcoj= Kcuk.
Gdrek ho Kcrupkrso=

Xlpd ho Elirddrckjlsed=
Xljilùj= Idjtojilùj ho Crke pdsltlvk.
Gdrek ho Kcrupkrso=

Xlpd ho Elirddrckjlsed= Edbd glnkeojtdsd

Xljilùj= Kzun ho Nkitdgojdn.
Drlcoj= Grutks y Vkj.
D`motlvd= ;6R.
Gdrek ho Kcrupkrso= Glnkeojtds

Xlpd ho Elirdrckjlsed= Novkhurk.

Xljilùj= Kzun ho Nkitdgojdn.
Gdrek ho Kcrupkrso= @kilnds,
ostroptdidid, ostkglndidids.

Xlpd ho Elirdrckjlsed= @kitorlks ho nk

ikvlhkh `uikn.
Xljilùj= Crke Jocktlvk.
D`motlvd= ;66R.
Gdrek ho kcrupkrso= @kilnds y idids.
Iuostldjkrld ho nk prëitlik ?
;. ´[uì sdj
sdj nks crkj pdsltlvks y nks
crkejocktlvks4
0. ´Iùed so inkslglikj nks `kitorlks
socýj nk ekjork ho kcrupkrso4
9. ´Iuënos sdj nks `kitorlks
crkepdsltlvks y nks crkejocktlvks4
8. ´[uì idndr tdekj nks `kitorlks
`kitorlks ho
kiuorhd k nk idndrkilùj ho Crke4
?. ´Iùed so hojdeljkj
hojdeljkj nds tomlhds ho
nds bdjcds4
7. Jde`ro kncujks inksos ho bdjcds
3. Ostk`nozik hlgorojilks pujtuknos
ojtro `kitorlks y bdjcds
-Nks crkepdsltlvks sdj sustkjilks
elxtks quo so mujtkj pkrk irokr uj idndr
hlstljtlvd, ujk tljilùj hlgorojilkn, ojtro
kncujds elirddrckjlsed oj osto iksd on
edrkhd.
-Nks crkejocktlvks, os nk guslùj ho
vkrlks sustkjilks pkrk irokr ujk tljilùj
hlgorojilkn, oj osto iksd so irokr on rdmd
d rdskhd pkrk kncujds elirdrckjlseds.
Yo inkslglikj oj tros crupds=
-@kilnds= Gdrek knkrckhd.
-Idids= Gdrek rohdjhk.
-Idid`kilnd= Knkrckhk idj glnkeojtds.
-Crkepdsltlvk= Idids y @kilnds.
-Crkejocktlvk= Idids, @kilnds y
Idid`kilnd.
-Crkepdsltlvk= Drckjlseds quo so
vlsuknlzkj ho idndr edrkhd.
-Crkejocktlvk= Drckjlseds quo so
vlsuknlzkj ho idndr rdmd y rdskhd.
Yo hojdeljk elionld pdrquo os nk
rkelglikilùj ho ikhk blgk yk quo onnds jd
hoskrrdnnkj uj tomlhd ionunkr.
-Edbd hon pkj.
-Idneojlnnk.
-Vojlilnlue.
-Yotks.
-Pdykn.
-Ibytrlhs.
-]lrcdto.
Kr`usiunkr.
-YKI Gujcl.
-Inu` Gujcl.
Bdjcds=
;-Ydj drckjlseds ouikrldtks
ujlionunkros
ujlionunkros d pnurlionunkros.
pnurlionunkros.
0-Jd pdsooj indrdglnk pord so nos
idjslhork vocotknos.
 9-_jlionunkros ided nk novkhurk d
pnurlionunkros ided nks sotks.
8-Xlojoj eoe`rkjk juinokr pkrk su
roprdhuiilùj ospdrunkilùj.

@kitorlks=
;-Ydj drckjlseds prdikrldtks.
0-Xlojoj ostruiturk iltdpnkseëtlik.
9-Ikroioj ho drcëjunds, oxioptd hon
rl`dsdek.
8-Jd tlojo eoe`rkjk juinokr quo
ojvuonvk on KHJ.
?-Ydj iìnunks prdikrldtks y sdj sloepro
ujlionunkros.

2. Ovknukilùj oj nåjok ljcroskjhd k

bttps=//gdres.cno/hOaXdx8paa`GOXy;3

VPKIXLIK Jd. 67  ’ ELXDYLY \ EOLDYLY

Xk`nk 7. Eltdsls y eoldsls
Lekcoj Lhojtlglikr y soûknkr iìnunks oj ljtorgkso y
iìnunks oj hlvlslùj
Iåriunds Worhos= Iìnunks oj Hlvlslùj.

Ilriund Kekrlnnd=  Nk ekydråk ho nks iìnunks

hosho oso d`motlvd so d`sorvkj oj ljtorgkso.

Iåriunds Worhos= Ljtorgkso.

Iåriunds Kekrlnnds= Vrdgkso.

Iåriunds Pdmds= Eotkgkso.

Ilriund Kzun=  Xondgkso.

Iåriunds Worhos Dsiurd= Ljtorgkso.

Iåriunds Kekrlnnds= Vrdgkso.

Iåriunds Pdmds= Eotkgkso.

Iåriunds Worho Inkrd= Kjkgkso.

Iåriunds Kzun= Xondgkso.
Iuostldjkrld ho nk prëitlik 7.
k-´Hosirl`lr ho ekjork
idjirotk nks otkpks ho nk
eltdsls y eoldsls4
Nk Eltdsls so hlvlho oj iuktrd gksos=
Vrdgksos= Yo gdrekj irdedsdeks, hoskpkroio on
jýinod.
Eotkgkso= Nds irdedsdeks nnockj kn iojtrd d nåjok
oiuktdrlkn.
Kjkgkso= Yo hlvlhoj nds irdedsdeks y so hlrlcoj k nds
pdnds pkrk hlvlhlrso on jýinod.
Xondgkso= Nds irdedsdeks hoskpkroioj y gdrekj sus
jýinods, pkrk pdstorldreojto hlvlhlrso oj hds iìnunks.

On prdiosd ho Eoldsls so hlvlho oj dibd pkrtos, oj nk

iukn nk prleork pkrto os slelnkr k nk eltdsls  (Vrdgkso;,
Eotkgkso;,
Kjkgkso; y Xondgkso;) idj nk ýjlik hlgorojilk ho quo
on prdiosd so ropnlik y vuonvo k hlvlhlrso nks iìnunks oj
Vrdgkso0, Eotkgkso0, Kjkgkso0 y Xondgkso0. Vkrk
quohkr kn gljkn 8 iìnunks blmks idj 09 irdedsdeks
ikhk ujk. Nks gksos y ropnlikilùj so idjdioj idj gkso
Eoldsls; y Eoldsls0.

`-´[uì prdiosd so ostë On prdiosd quo so d`sorvk oj nk leëcojos os on ho nk

hoskrrdnnkjhd oj nks otkpks Eltdsls yk quo on tomlhd quo so d`sorvk nks leëcojos oj
d`sorvkhks oj nks 8R, ;6R y ;66R ho nk rkåz ho ujk io`dnnk.
leëcojos4

i-´[uì tlpd ho iìnunks so Yo d`sorvk on eorlstoed ho nk rkåz ho nk io`dnnk

ostëj d`sorvkjhd4 ik`ozdjk.

h-´Iuëjtds irdedsdeks Nks iìnunks ho nk eltdsls pdsooj 09 irdedsdeks, hds

pdsooj nks iìnunks oj iìnunks hosiojhlojtos lcuknos ho 87 irdedsdeks ikhk
eltdsls4 ujk.

o-´Iuëjtds irdedsdeks Nks iìnunks ho nk eoldsls pdsooj 09 irdedsdeks,

pdsooj nks iìnunks oj iuktrd iìnunks hosiojhlojtos ho 09 irdedsdeks ikhk
eoldsls4 ujk.

Poiuorho Kiiohor kn slculojto nlja

bttps=//hrlvo.cddcno.ide/dpoj4lh5;GXpbJjzJtmnj7nxT]GxvAGeSzN\DKMXG

• Hojtrd ho nk prosojtkilùj „Vrkitlik 7. Eltdsls y Eoldsls― ojidjtrkrë ujk

hlkpdsltlvk idj on tåtund „MODVKPH\―, os uj muocd ho procujtks `kskhd oj uj
idjiursd ho tonovlslùj ostkhdujlhojso, hurkjto ostk prëitlik ustoh muckrë nk
 vorslùj ujkhlstk ho ostk prëitlik y ostd idrrospdjhorë k nk ovknukilùj ho nk
kitlvlhkh.

Xk`nk 3= Posuntkhd Modpkrhy

Jde`ro Idepnotd= Jonsdj Kjhrìs Dneds [ule`kyd Iùhlcd= ;60?020?77

Dpilùj quo no idrrospdjho= I Goibk= 67/6?/0606
Pospuostk ho nds ;66$= Worhkhord.
Pospuostk ho nds 066$= Ljtorgkso.
Pospuostk ho nds 966$= Kjkgkso.
 Kjkgkso.
Pospuostk ho nds 866$= Vrdgkso.
Pospuostk ho nds ?66$= o. Kn ljlild ho E.

VPKIXLIK Jd 3. GOJDEOJDY HO XPKJYVDPXO ION_NKP

Xk`nk 2= trkjspdrto ionunkr

Lekcoj Hosirlpilùj
Io`dnnk 6.<% JkIn

Iìnunk Wocotkn ho nk Io`dnnk oj eohld

Lsdtùjlid. Yo d`sorvkj nks ostruiturks
jdreknos slj ostkr hkûkhks d
kntorkhks.

Io`dnnk ;6% Jk In

Iìnunk ho io`dnnk oj eohld

Blpdtùjlid. Yo d`sorvkj nks
ostruiturks turcojtos. Vrosojilk ho
jýinod, eoe`rkjk, pkroh ionunkr y
iltdpnksek kueojtkhds.

Orltrdiltds 6,8% JkIn

 Iìnunks oj eohld Blpdtùjlid, so
d`sorvkj nds orltrdiltds oj iltùnlsls,
cnù`unds rdmds crkjhos nnojds ho
kcuk, nd quo slcjlglik quo bky pdid
nlqulhd oj on oxtorldr y eës oj on
ljtorldr prdhuilojhd boednlsls.

Orltrdiltds 6.<% JkIn

Iìnunks oj eohld Lsdtùjlid, so

d`sorvk quo nks idjiojtrkildjos ho
nds orltrdiltds so ojiuojtrk lcukn idj
on eohld oxtorjd.

Orltrdiltds 0% JkIn

Iìnunks oj eohld Blportùjlid, so

d`sorvk quo nds orltrdiltds nl`orkj
kcuk kn oxtorldr pdrquo on nåqulhd ostë
euy idjiojtrkhd, ostd, pkrk oqulnl`rkr
nds gnulhds oj uj prdiosd ho
irojkilùj, nd quo bkio quo euibks ho
nks iìnunks oxpndtoj.

Iuostldjkrld ho nk prëitlik 3=
k-Oxpnlquo nks hlgorojilks -On trkjspdrto kitlvd os uj prdiosd ho ljtorike`ld
ojtro trkjspdrto kitlvd y ho sustkjilks k trkvìs ho nk eoe`rkjk. Yo roknlzk
trkjspdrto pkslvd idj ckstd ho ojorcåk y oj idjtrk ho uj crkhlojto ho
idjiojtrkilùj, os hoilr, hosho uj eohld idj eojdr
idjiojtrkilùj bkilk dtrd idj ekydr idjiojtrkilùj.
Nks prdtoåjks trkjspdrtkhdrks quo ljtorvlojoj oj on
trkjspdrto ho ednìiunks roquloroj ho uj kpdrto
ojorcìtlid, oj gdrek ho KXV.
 -On trkjspdrto pkslvd os uj prdiosd ho trkjspdrto
ho sustkjilks, quo so roknlzk oj gdrek ospdjtëjok,
slj ckstd ho ojorcåk y k gkvdr hon crkhlojto ho
idjiojtrkilùj, os hoilr, hosho uj eohld hdjho nks
ednìiunks so bknnkj eës idjiojtrkhks bkilk uj
eohld hdjho su idjiojtrkilùj os eojdr.

`-Oxpnlquo nds eoikjlseds Nks iìnunks so ojiuojtrkj oj idjtkitd idj on eohld,

ednoiunkros hon trkjspdrto ljtorkitýkj idj ìn k trkvìs ho nk eoe`rkjk
kitlvd k trkvìs ho nks iltdpnkseëtlik, ostd vorlglik on ljcrosd ho sustkjilks
eoe`rkjks `ldnùcliks jutrltlvks pkrk roknlzkr hlgorojtos gujildjos, khoeës
ho hosoibkr dtrks sustkjilks, oj on trkjspdrto kitlvd
pkrtlilpkj prdtoåjks trkjspdrtkhdrks quo roil`oj on
jde`ro ho „`de`ks―
`de`ks― y quo so ojiuojtrks oj nk
eoe`rkjk ionunkr iuyk gujilùj os poreltlr on ljcrosd
ho nk sustkjilk kn ljtorldr d oxtorldr ho nk iìnunk.
 Idjinusldjos

;.Nk ionunkr os uj drckjlsed ho jlvon ujlvorskn, yk quo ho onnk

o nnk so hosprojho uj
sljjýeord ho gujildjos quo kyuhkj kn hoskrrdnnd ho drckjlseds lcukn ho
oglilojtos pkrk ilind ho vlhk.

0.Os lepdrtkjto sk`or hlgorojilk nds roljds oxlstojtos oj nk vlhk y nds quo k poskr
ho jd tojor kncujds drckjlseds puohkj ostkr vlvds, ided pdr omoepnd
omo epnd nds vlrus.

9.On elirdsidpld os uj onoeojtd quo kpdrtd uj kvkjio k jlvon ujlvorskn, kn

hosiu`rlr on idepnomd eujhd quo so hoskrrdnnk`k k juostrd knrohohdr, guork ho
juostrk vlstk, pord quo kbdrk os uj boibd k ljvostlckr y hkr rkzùj ho nds eujhd
ljtorjds y oxtorjds.

8.Idj ostks ljvostlckildjos puohd hkr sojtlhd k nk vlhk quo nnovk euibks
porsdjks, yk quo nk gkntk ho idjdilelojtd puoho pormuhlik
pormuhlik on hoskrrdnnd ho su
drckjlsed, nd eomdr os bkior hopdrto, ideor `loj y tojor ujk ostk`lnlhkh, uj
oqulnl`rld ojtro on iuorpd y nds hoeës drckjlseds quo rocunkj el ostkhd vltkn.

?.Osto trk`kmd idrrd`drk els ckjks ho soculr ostuhlkjhd, ojgdiëjhdeo bkilk on

ostuhld ho nks jourdjks y nk ideprojslùj tdtkn hon ioro`rd, ided
jourdpsliùndcd quo hosod sor.

7.On slstoek ho ostuhld guo oxionojto, jd porhå on „blnd― y socuå kprojhlojhd slj
nk joioslhkh ho vornd ided kncd d`nlcktdrld.
 @l`nldcrkgåk

_jlhkh ho Vrovojilùj ho Ploscds Vrdgosldjknos, _jlvorslhkh ho ]krkcdzk Ospkûk

kûd 0606= bttp=//uprn.ujlzkr.os/socurlhkh/oplsnk`.bten
@ldsnk`, Iojtrd ho Eohliljk Wotorljkrlk= bttps=//www.vlskvot.os/os/`ldsnk`/jlvonos-
ho-`ldsocurlhkh.pbp
Kcojtos Vktùcojds, Ke`lojtoib= bttps=//ke`lojtoib.drc/kcojto-ljgoiildsd
_sd ho onoeojtds ho @krrork, YnlhoYbkro, _jlkjhos kûd 0;68=
bttps=//os.snlhosbkro.jot/Onynnkvorltd/usd-ho-onoeojtds-ho-`krrork
Ploscd @ldnùclid, Slalpohlk Ojilindpohlk Nl`ro=
bttps=//os.snlhosbkro.jot/Onynnkvorltd/usd-ho-onoeojtds-ho-`krrork
Vrkitlik jueord 9 ho Iìnunk, \du tu`o, @ldndcåk ilojilks `ësliks _JKH, k`rln hon
0606= bttps=//www.y
bttps=//www.ydutu`o.ide/wktib4v
dutu`o.ide/wktib4v5jjBa6BN_6;O
5jjBa6BN_6;O
Xomlhd ho sdstìj, Slalpohlk Ojilindpohlk Nl`ro=
bttps=//os.wlalpohlk.drc/wlal/Xom
bttps=//os.wlalpohlk.drc/wlal/XomlhdThoTsdst%I9%K<j
lhdThoTsdst%I9%K<j
Slalnnorktd, Bdjcds= bttp=//www.
bttp=//www.wlalnnorktd.drc/B
wlalnnorktd.drc/Bdjcds.bten
djcds.bten
Xrkjspdrto Ionunkr, YnlhoYbkro, Bonojk Wznk < ho Ditu`ro hon 06;0=
bttps=//os.snlhosbkro.jot/bonojkvznk/trkjspdrto-k-trkvos-ho-nks-eoe`rkjks-
`ldndcliks