Tablet dosage form Eas cal ‘According lo pharmacopeia table is slid preparations contain single d imixed with additive (excipient, frmulatlon akds) that represent 75-80% of market sales ‘® Obtained by compressing of powder or granules (easily compressed & flowable) to form uniform volume (not uniform weight) of cold compact “tablet” Peck eed 1, Oral route is convenient and safe. 4. Convenient to handle, 2. Tablets are physically and chemically stable 5. mass produced, elegant preparation, low price (long shelf life) 6. easily administrated and palatable 3. Accurate dosing of the drug. 7._flexible design Cen d 1. Poor absorption of poorly-soluble drugs 5. not for geriatric and pediatric (that tt by 2. poor bioavailability of poorly-soluble drugs lozenges & chewable tablet) 3. local irritant effects 6. compression properties represent problem in 4. harmful to the GI mucosa formulation CWRIoe caeCWE e ee 1. Tablet should include correct dose of drug. 2. Should elegant 3. Weight, size & appearance are 4. drug released in controlled & reproducible 5. biocompatible and co ;ponents not harmful Peer eee eee ee) compressiom stage filling stage 6 aT ee bested yl sufficient mechanical seas to withstand fracture ‘Chemically, physically, microbiologically stable Acceptable by the patient ~~ [il s ejection stage After max force T. by gravitational flow of powder | 1. Upper punch descend & enters die T. Tower punch rises until its up from hopper via die table into die | 2. powder compressed until tablet is formed reaches top of die 2. die is closed at its lower end by | 3. lower punch stationary or move upwards 2. Tablets removed from die lower punch 4 is upper punch leaves and die table by pushingTiller {diluent} Added in all methods that used to increase mass in potent drug (¥ conc} can we use fille for 300mg active ingredient? 4 nel ‘a, Chemically inert and Non-hygroscopic (stable). bb. Biocompatible and Have acceptable taste ¢. good biopharmaceutical properties (hydrophilic) and hydrotrophy 4. good technical properties (good compactability), plastic deformation ¢. inexpensive and compressible important factor) | for fr heal. due to -ve heat of effect * prepared by spray drying of 80-90% lactose monohy drat phosphate duhvdrate (Inorganic filler) + has different particle size and have flow and compression chemically interact with acidic drug and moisture © not with tetracycline as it interacts withBinders Cros 2 aw * to increase mechanical strength (convert powder to granule) to be plastic ler) and solution (wet *Starch (binder and filler) ~ sugar~ gelatin - MC Na. alginate *Starch or lactose 10%wiw > warm > cool > binder Starch interact with amine gp in active ingredient rs oo CTT agent wicel types:- pH-101 (powder) and pH- 102 (granules) HPMC > 2-5 %ewiw > Conc dep on grade (mvt) PVP > 055-5 Sewiw > Cone dep on grade (mwt) HPC > 2.6% wiw > Cone dep on (rowt MCC 20-90% — > Used also as binder an dituent Acacia > 1-5 ww > Produce hard tablet Disintigrant + added to formulation to facilitate breakdown of tablet to granules + decrease tablet hardness ‘* added intragranular or extragranular or both can we add disintigrant to chewable, lozenges, effervescence tablet??? +Ex:- starch [corn-potato Na.glycolate) and Na.CMC Tr facilitate water uptake ito tablet pores IMCC, SAA} 2- facilitate water sorption and tablet rupture by swelling {starch - modified cellulose] ~ in effervescence tablet 4- recovery of deformed particlesLubricant phobic) Tact as interface between face of die wall & tablet surface to reduce friction cilitate tablet ejection igh friction cause capping, fragmentation, vertical scratches on sides -lubricant has negative effect on dissolution and disintegration Over lubrication > W hardness a dis -Under lubrication 4 stickiness © dissolution ntegration time Water insoluble lubricant Mg & Ca stearate, Stearic acid, Colloidal silica and Tale = liquid paraffin water soluble lubricant PEG 400-6000 SAAas SLS (1-2%) improve dissolution in soluble tablet water insoluble lubricant more an water soluble lubricant increase powder flow in machine of higher speed - adhere to particle surface and reduce particles friction - hydrophobic substance adhere to granule surface ng spherical surface colloidal silicon dioxide (0. [1-2%) used in lower cone ‘Antiadherent Reduce adhesion between powder and punch faces, picking and sticking ~lubricant-tale-starch Adsorbant Up to2% Material sorbing fluids as oil drug solution making prepara Tiquid flavors oil ion in dry form to Y Mgo = silica ~ kaolin - emeDisintegrating tablet > Most common » intended to be swallowed and release the drug in a relatively short time after disinteg dissolution thus fast and complete drug release in vivo > disintegrating tablet include the following types of excipienis; filler (if the dose of drug is low), disintegrant, binder, glidant, lubricant and antiadherent. Chewable tablet ees » They are chewed, so mechanically disints grated in the mouth. > The drug is not dissolved in mouth but swa'lowed and dissolved th stomach or intestine. © similar in composition to conventional tableyg except that a di sintegrant)n normally not included, * Uses of chewable tablet 1) Quick & complete disintegration of tablet and obtain a rapid drug effect asfantacid tablet 2) Facilitate intake of tablet for elderly & children who have difficulty in swallow as vitamin tablet = i 3) Can be taken when water not available,Lozenges Www} 2019-2020 > Tablet that dissolve slowly in the mouth and so release the drug dissolved in the s » Mainly to lubricate and sooth irritated tissues of the throat > Made by molding into a hard candy lozenges using candy making machine (for thermostable drugs) ‘as we warm highly cone Flavored syrup is used as a base and lozenges are formed by molding and drying. > Compressed lozenges are made by using tablet machine with large and flat punches, with high Pressure is applied to produce hard tablet, with low porosity so that they dissolve slowly in the mouth. > Co 1d lozenges composition: disintegrant are not used - color and flavour - filler (glucose, sorbitol or mannitol) - binder such as gelatin > itmay be used for 1) Local medications in the mouth or throat e.g. local anaesthetic, antiseptics and antibiotics. 2). Systemic drug uptake 3) Hard candy lozenges as strepsils, halls.East dissolving dissolution tablets > They are solid dosage forms containing medicinal substances that disintegrates rapidly in the oral cavity and disperses in the saliva without the need of water.