RWWTHAACHEN 2 ABisHeic Pan ceRse vam BV UNIVERSITY Motr-nc: 39/327 2 dopsnet Exam: Foundations of FEM for Engineers / FEM for Engineers Mock exam IIT ‘Time: 120 minutes Problem 1 (55 Points) Consider a beam as shown in Fig. 1. Use the following data: length = 2 m, area moment of inertia [= 10 cmt, Young's modulus F = 200 GPa, subjected to an uniformly distributed vertical load F = 1 N/m as shown below. Figure 1: Beam under distributed load. Consider the fnite elements for the given beam problem as shown in Fig. 1. In order to meet the C? continuity requirement at the nodes, we use Hermitian cubic shape functions. The shape functions are given below in terms of the normalized coordinates. Use the relation € = 3 —1 for the transformation from the global to the normalized coordinates. Ha-era+6), zla+era-o. No = Fa -9F2+6) Na=q0+92-9, Ne‘The linear system of equations for a finite element with nodes i and j will look as follows: O m Ki, = val] &) =] 6 | my where r and m denote the force and moment respectively. This is because each node has two degrees of freedom: a displacement v and a rotation angle 8 wast express everything in terms of the normalized coordinates. 1. Make a sketch of the given shape functions in the space below. (8 P) 2, Write down the global stiffness matrix of the structure in symbolic form (Kj). (1 P) 3. Write down the boundary conditions for the given problem. (2P) 4. Write the variational principle resulting from the differential equation of the beam: (8 P) 5. Using the given shape functions, and applying the displacement formulation, express and calculate the reduced stiffness matrix Ki, = f? BTETB,dx while using the normalized coordinates, (22 P) (HINT: Use B, = D(N,). After obtaining the variational formulation, correlate this with D. Think how it looks like.) 6. Calculate the reduced force vector. (oP) 7. Calculate the displacements at the free end of the beam, (P)Problem 2 (45 Points) F 1 Given: \4 1 =1000mm male P= 1800s ay) = ¥ 1 gy = 18% 10-°N/smm" Fy = 64000MPa {a | Fy = 200000 MPa om) v =18 QR ho =2mm ace 2 A. = 60mm AN We consider a structure as shown above, which consists of one triangle element (thickness h, Young's modulus Ey, Poisson's ratio v) and two rods (cross-section area A, Young's modulus Ey). The system is loaded with a distributed load q(y) and a point force F. Please, solve the following tasks under the assumption of small deflections, 4) Calculate the semi-bandwith of the stiffness matrix for this problem. @P) b) Write the full stifiness matrix for this problem in symbolic form. @P) «) Write the reduced stiffness matrix for this problem in symbolic form." ap) 4) Which assumption (plane strain, plane stress) can be applied here and why? (2 P) ) Caleulate the reduced stiffness matrix. (0 P) £) Calculate the exact reduced vector of external forces using the Gauss-Legendre integration. Justify the exactness, without solving the integral analytically (10 P) £) Calculate the reduced displacement vector. (P) hy) Calculate the strain in element @) (3 P) i) Caleulate the stresses in clement (D) (8 P) 4) How would the reaction forces in the supports be calculated? Just show the formula and explain shortly. No caleulations sre needed @P) rie ij of element ¢. No calculations are nevded! tm eae you didnot calculate the reduced vector of external forces assume for Further steps F = F in node 1