Ethics Assignment

6. Principle-based approach : a theory show

how to behave and manage the situation to
group of rights and principle . Some times we
fall in maz of “quandary ethics” and conflict
between those principles “dilima”

For example, in the case of a pregnant mother who

wants to abort the fetus because it affects her life,
depending on this principle, she cannot do that.

7. Autonomy : is indivisual capacity for self

detemination ,independent decsisions ,
actions ,and evaluations.
For example, a patient refuses treatment or a
specific medicine based on religious or intellectual
beliefs.

8. Beneficence : the nurse action should

promote good and benefit to the patient and
balance benefits against risks and harm . A
benefit to one may be burden to another.
For example, a patient with appendicitis after the
operation, the nurse must give him an antibiotic to reduce
the risk of developing inflammation at the site of the
operation and to reduce the potential risks.
9. Justice : equal treatment of equal cases
and meeting everyone needs fairly.

4. Utilitarian : actions are justified of end they

achieve , and any act that achieve happiness
through consideration of all sides should be
considered good “aims justify means”.
For example, separating cities, stopping public
transportation, and closing schools and government and
private institutions to limit the spread of Corona virus.

5. Deontology : the morality of the action

should be based on that the its self right or
wrong and cosequences don’t matter and
some actions still morally wrong ecen theout
come is good “the aims dont justify means “.
For example, someone who has AIDS has concealed his
infection. In order to get married, this negatively affects
other people, such as his wife and children.

For example, in the case of two patients with corona virus,

the first is elderly and the other is younger than him. I
should not focus on treating the young person only
because he has a higher cure rate but rather I must give
them health care equally and everyone according to his
needs.
1. Human dignity : as an intrinsic value of the
person capable (at least potentially or as a
member of natural kind) of reflection,
sensitivity, verbal communication, free
choice, self-determination in conduct and
creativity.
For example, when the doctor talks to the patient,
he should not treat him as a number. He must
speak with him in an appropriate language and
answer all his questions.

2. Health benefit is : a positive effect on a

person health and life gaid from food
,treatment or an activity.

For example, it is possible, in these circumstances,

to conduct an awareness campaign in the
surrounding area, its severity, transmission
methods, prevention methods, symptoms and
signs that may appear to the affected person.

3. Harm : is Anything that impairs or

adversely affects the safety of patients in
clinical care , drug therapy, research
investigations, or public health.
For example, when the nurse changes the patient’s
dressing and does not follow a sterile method, it will
increase the possibility of the patient’s wound being
infected.

10. Non maleficence : dont harm and avoid

causing intentional harm
For example, a CVA patient must follow safety methods in
dealing with him, for example, to raise bed protections to
prevent him from falling and to cause him any harm.
11. Fidelity : being trust and keep promises.
For example, when the patient needs a doctor and the
nurse promises that he will tell him. He must keep his
promise and tell the doctor that the patient needs him and
to describe to him how much the patient needs him,
according to the severity of the situation.

12. Care-based approach : a theory focuses

on the specific situations of individual clients
and promoting the dignity and respect of
clients and people.
For example, if a patient is annoyed and uncomfortable in
his room and the nurse is asked to transfer him to another
room, the nurse must transfer him if conditions and
capabilities allow him to be transferred

13. Advocacy : protection and support of

another rights.
For example, when a patient is in a specific health center
and the doctor or nurse knows that he can provide
treatment with a better place, he must inform the patient
and support his decision. Because that is in the patient’s
interests.

14. VERACITY : It is concerned with being

open , honest an truthful with people and
also accurate transfer of information in way
suitable to understand.
For example, a patient with kidney failure must perform
dialysis, the nurse must explain to him his health honestly
and give him accurate and correct information about his
condition and what risks he might be exposed to.
15. RESPONSIBILITY : The ability of the
person to make decisions and to act
appropriately on the basis of certain
commitments.

For example, when a nurse gives medicine to a

patient, he must give it at the right time and the
right way, and he has knowledge of the side effects
of the drug and is responsible for monitoring the
patient in case of any complications.

16. ACCOUNTABILITY : being answerable for

your decisions and actions and it can not be
delegated.
For example, when the nurse gives a patient a unit of
blood without following the appropriate and healthy
procedures and in the event that it affects you on the
patient's health, in this case the nurse is held accountable
and subjected to questions, and that he bears the result of
a mistake.