Nam : Luni Karlina Manik

Id : 4182121021
Class : PESP 2018

1. light ray strikes a reflective plane surface at an angle of 52° with the surface.
a. Find the angle of incidence.
Answer: 90-52=38
b. Find the angle of reflection.
Answer: Angle Incident =Angle Reflaction
Angle Reflaction = 38
c. Find the angle made by the reflected ray and the surface.
Answer : 90-38=52
d. Find the angle made by the incident and reflected rays.
Answer : 38+38= 76

2. A ray of light is reflected by two parallel mirrors (1) and (2) at points A and B. The

ray makes an angle of 25° with the axis of the two mirrors.
a. What is the angle of reflection at the point of incidence A?
b. What is the angle of reflection at the point of incidence B?
c. If the distance between the two mirrors id d = 4 cm and the length L of the two mirror
system is 3 meters, approximately how many reflections take place between the two
mirrors?
d. In a real system, at each reflection, there are losses of the light energy travelling
between the two mirrors. If L and d are fixed, what can be done to decrease the
number of reflections on the mirrors and hence the energy lost by reflection?
Answer :

Let's use the diagram shown below to answer the questions. n1 and n2 are normal to the reflecting mirrors
and are therefore perpendicular to the axis of the two mirror system.
a) i = 90 - 25 = 75 °

b) the two mirrors are parallel and AB intersect both of them, hence angle r and i' are alternate

interior and therefore equal in size. Also r = i (law of reflection). Hence i' = r = i = 75 °

c) If the distance between the two mirrors id d = 4 cm, AC can be calculated as follows

tan(75°) = AC / d = AC / 4

AC = 4 tan(75°) = 15 cm

The number of reflections N that will take place between the two mirrors may be approximated as

follows.

N = L / AC = 3 m / 15 cm = 20

d) Let the angle made by the light ray and the axis of the two mirror system be α instead of 25 °.

The angle of incidence i = 90 - α = r = i'

tan(i') = tan( 90 - α) = cot (α) = AC / d

AC = d cot(α)

number of reflections = N = L / AC = L / d cot(α)

If L and d are fixed, the only way to decrease N is to increase cot(α) and hence decrease α.

3. Write down the Law of Reflection and its characteristics.

Answare:
Reflection Law
1. Incoming rays, reflected rays and normal lines intersect at one point and lie in one plane.
2. The angle of arrival (I) is equal to the angle of reflection (r), i = r.
 The characteristics
i. incident ray is ray which comes straight to the object surface.
ii. reflected ray is the light reflected by the surface of an object.
iii. Normal lines are imaginary lines that are made perpendicular to the surface of the
object.
iv. incident angle is the angle between the incident ray and the normal line.
v. Relection angle is the angle between the reflected ray and the normal line.

4. A doctor examines a mole with a 15.0 cm focal length magnifying glass held 13.5 cm
from the mole:

a. Where is the image?

Answere :

Virtual, 135 from the lens

The distance of the image from the lens can be calculated by using the lens equation:

where

q is the distance of the image from the lens

f is the focal length

p is the distance of the mole from the lens

In this problem, we have

f = 15.0 cm is the focal length (positive for a convex lens, as the one in a magnifying
glass)

p = 13.5 cm is the distance of the mole from the lens

Solving the equation for q,

 The negative sign tells that the image is virtual (on the opposite side of the lens with
respect to the image), and located 135 cm from the lens.

b. What is its magnification?

Answer :

The magnification M of the image is given by

where

q = -135 cm is the distance of the image from the lens

p = 13.5 cm is the distance of the mole from the lens

Solving the equation for M, we find

c. How big is the image of a 5.00 mm diameter mole?

Answer:
The magnification equation can also be written as

where

 is the size of the image

 is the size of the object

Since here we have

 diameter of the real mole

M = 10

We find