A thermodynamic ensemble is a statistical ensemble that is in statistical equilibrium.

It
provides a way to derive the properties of a real thermodynamic systems from the laws of
.classical and quantum mechanics

Phase space can describe the orbit of one particle, or the orbits of a large number of
particles. phase space can be used to describe the probability distributions of how
collections of N particles behave if they are allowed to exchange particles and energy
.with the universe

extensive variables are those which scale linearly with the system size, the   .
number of particles (moles) is an extensive variable. Typically, measurable
thermodynamic quantities are expressed in terms per mole. Then any such
quantity, like energy (per mole) or entropy (per mole), must be an intensive
.variable