Exploration

Day 1

Trade with Asia

• ~1300 Marco Polo
traveled to Asia and Europe
Asia
brought back items
to sell for a huge
profit. Africa

• Later, merchants
traveled to Asia and
back in hopes of
making a fortune like
Marco Polo.
Day 1

Seeking New Trade Routes

• After Marco Polo’s
success, explorers
began looking for
quicker routes to
Asia by water
• Europeans explored:
1. To become wealthier
2. To share their religion
3. To have a larger
empire than rival
countries
Day 2

Technology Improves
• Mapmakers improved
their skills to make
more accurate maps
with lines of latitude.
• Sailors used an
astrolabe to help
them use the stars to
navigate.
• A ship called a
“caravel” allowed
explorers to sail into
the wind.
Day 2

Columbus Discovers “New World”

• Columbus believed the world was round, and if he sailed
west, he would reach Asia.
• In 1492, Columbus landed in what he thought was India, and
called the people there Indians.
• Later, Columbus realized that he had really discovered a
“New World”.

Europe
North
America Asia

Africa
South
America
Day 3

Spanish Conquistadors
• Spain sent soldiers
(conquistadors) to the
“new world” to take
land and look for gold.
• Hernan Cortes
conquered the Aztec
people in Mexico.
• Francisco Pizzaro
conquered the Incan
empire in South
America.
Day 3

New Spain
• Spain controlled much New
of North and South Spa
in
America, calling it New
Spain.
• Spain’s territory
included present day
California, Texas, and
Florida
• Some Spaniards built
missions to convert
Native Americans to
Christianity.
• Other Spaniards forced
Natives to dig for gold
Day 4
Columbian Exchange
• Food, animals, and diseases were also being shared
by Europe, Africa, and the New World in what was
called the Columbian Exchange.

New World Old World

s , B a n a n a s, Diseases
Cow

T obacco
, Corn,
Potato
Day 4

Other Countries Establish Colonies

• Catholic Spain began
growing in wealth and
power because of “New
Spain”. Because of this,
CE other countries wanted
AN

N
AI to start their own
FR

IT
BR

colonies.
• The English, French,
SPAIN and Dutch soon claimed
land in North America
to start colonies.
Day 4

13 British Colonies
• The country of Great
Britain (England)
PROVINCE OF
QUEBEC
established 13 colonies
along the Atlantic
Ocean.
(Spain)

INDIAN
• These colonies were
RESERVE
sC
established for
WFLA economic, social,
EFLA religious, and political
reasons.
Colonization
Day 1

The First Settlement

• In 1607, the settlement
of Jamestown was
established by the
Virginia Company of
London.
• The settlers came looking
Work, or for gold but found none.
die! • After a rough start,
Jamestown later
prospered thanks to the
leadership of Captain
John Smith and the
success of growing
tobacco.
1. In what year was Jamestown settled?

2. Why did the settlers of Jamestown want

to come to the “New World?”?
Day 1
4.1

The Pilgrims
• In 1620, the colony of
Plymouth was founded by
the Pilgrims.
• The Pilgrims were
Christians who came to
America to escape
persecution in Britain.
• The Mayflower Compact
was a document signed by
the pilgrims that
established self-
government.
1. In what year was Plymouth founded by
the Pilgrims?

2. How was the settlement of Plymouth

different from the settlement of
Jamestown?
Day 1
4.1
13 British Colonies
• New England: New
– Massachusetts t England
– New Hampshire
Middle
– Connecticut t Colonies
– Rhode Island t
• Middle Colonies:
– New York
– Pennsylvania t Southern
– New Jersey Colonies
– Delaware
• Southern Colonies:
– Maryland t
– Virginia
– North Carolina
– South Carolina
– Georgia
1. Why was the colony of Massachusetts
settled?

2. If you were having financial 1trouble in

fin,an,c·a1
Britain, what is a colony
colony you would be
interested to moving to?
Harbor!

Business
Day
4.2 2

New England Colonies

• Rocky soil, long winters,
-e
and cold temperatures
forced settlers to have
small farms.
• Other settlers fished for a
living while some built
ships out of the lumber
available.
Europe
• Settlers in this region also
America traded in what was called
Africa the Triangular Trade
between America,
Europe, and Africa.
1. What was one major industry in the
New England economy?

2. Why were most of the major cities in the

New England colonies established in
harbors?
Day
4.2 2

New England Colonies

• Roger Williams and Anne
Hutchinson left
Massachusetts to start the
colony of Rhode Island
based on the idea of
religious
r I toleration.
a
• Thomas Hooker
established the colony of
Connecticut which was
governed by a set of rules
called the Fundamental
Orders of Connecticut.
1. Who started the colony of Rhode
Island?

2. What is religious toleration?

Day
4.3 3

The Middle Colonies

• Located between the
New England and
Southern Colonies.
• The soil was good and a
moderate growing
season allowed for
large grain farms.
• Most settlers in this
region were average
size farmers.
1. What crop was popular in the Middle
Colonies?

2. Why do you think settlers in the region

did not grow tobacco?
Day
4.3 3

The Middle Colonies

• The Colony of
Pennsylvania
p a was
established by William
Penn as a haven for
Quakers (first anti-
slavery group)

• The colony of New

Netherlands turned into
New York when Britain
sent ships to defeat the
Dutch settlers there
(religious freedom).
1. What colony was established by William
Penn?

2. What were the Quakers viewpoint on

slavery?
Day
4.4 4
The Southern Colonies
• Fertile soil and a long
growing season allowed
many settlers to plant
cash crops on large farms
called plantations.
• Most settlements and
farms were established
along water routes to
quickly travel and sell
crops.
• Slaves were infamously
shipped to America by the
Transatlantic Slave Trade
1. What are plantations?

2. How did the Southern plantation system

impact the Slave Trade?
Day
4.4 4

The Southern Colonies

• The colony of Maryland was
founded by Lord Baltimore Province of Carolina, 1663-1712

as a place for Catholics to

Provinces of North Carolina
and South Carolina, 1712-1776

escape persecution.
• The colonies of Virginia,
North Carolina, and South
Carolina were established
for economic reasons.
n

• The colony of Georgia was

established by James
Oglethorpe as a place for
debtors and convicts to start
a new life.
1. What religious group was Maryland
founded for?

2. Why was the colony of Georgia

founded?
 New
England

- -
~ --~--···--

~,--l.\~ , ~.f<Mr,.t~i.
11' .• •
Southern ~~ '"·\\ ,h"\ . , "

Colonies
Day
5.1 5

Representative Government
Peace
Government • A government made
••••• up of people that
AAAA A were chosen by the
Peace
residents of their
town to represent
their beliefs.
Peace
• Since the colonists
War were far away from
Williamsburg
the King of Britain,
they decide to make
War
Jamestown
their own rules
1. What is representative government?

2. What is one reason why colonists started

using representative government in their
towns and colonies?
Day
5.1 5

Growth of Representative Government

• Mayflower Compact- first
document to create self-
government in America
• Fundamental Orders of
Connecticut- 1st written
Constitution (laws) in the
colonies
• Virginia House of
Burgesses- first
representative legislature
in the colonies town meeting
1. What document was the first to establish
self-government in the colonies?

2. What was the first representative

legislature in the colonies?
Day
5.2 6
England Political Traditions
• In 1215, a document
called the Magna Carta
forbid the king from
being all powerful.
• The British Parliament is
a group of elected
people who help make
laws for their country.
• The English Bill of Rights
promised certain rights
to citizens.
1. What document forbid the King from
being all powerful?

2. What document promised certain rights

to citizens in England?
Day
5.2 6

The First Great Awakening

• This was a time period when
preachers like Jonathan
Edwards traveled around
the colonies preaching to
crowds in open fields.
• People were encouraged to
read the Bible and ask
forgiveness from their sins
in order to go to Heaven.
• The teaching that all people
were created equal in God’s
eyes led to further growth
of representative
government
1. Identify one famous preacher during the
First Great Awakening?

2. How did the First Great Awakening lead

to the growth of representative
government?
Day
5.3 7

Salutary Neglect
• The British practice
of not enforcing the
British laws on the
colonists

• This continued
practiced allowed
the colonists to
become further
steeped in self-
government
1. What is salutary neglect?

2. Why did Britain allow the colonists to

not obey all of the British laws?
Day
5.3 7

Mercantilism
• Economic belief that a
country becomes more
powerful by having more
money
• England’s goal was to take
raw materials
te 1a from the
colonies, make a product,
then sell that product to
other countries in exchange
for gold or silver
• The colonies were also
forbidden from trading with
nations other than Britain
1. What is mercantilism?

2. Under the idea of mercantilism, why do

you want to have more exports than
imports?