74 Chapter 3 The Dirac Field (c) Let us write a 4-component Dirac field as (d (e 3.5 _{¥% we)= ($4), and recall that. the lower components of transform in a way equivalent by a unitary transformation to the complex conjugate of the representation yz. In this way, we can rewrite the 4-component Dirac field in terms of two 2-component spinors: rz) =xalz), ale) = io? x5(0). Rewrite the Dirac Lagrangian in terms of y1 and x2 and note the form of the mass term. Show that the action of part (c) has a global symmetry. Compute the divergences of the currents Th = hay, J = xbox — yhottye, for the theories of parts (b) and (c), respectively, and relate your results to the symmetries of these theories. Construct a theory of N free massive 2-component fermion fields with O(N) symmetry (that is, the symmetry of rotations in an N-dimensional space). Quantize the Majorana theory of parts (a) and (b). That is, promote x(x) to a quantum field satisfying the canonical anticommutation relation {xal), xf(y)} = 6006 (x ~ y), construct a Hermitian Hamiltonian, and find a representation of the canonical commutation relations that diagonalizes the Hamiltonian in terms of a set. of creation and annihilation operators. (Hint: Compare x(a) to the top two com- ponents of the quantized Dirac field.) Supersymmetry. It is possible to write field theories with continuous symme- tries linking fermions and bosons; such transformations are called supersymmetries. (a) The simplest example of a supersymmetric field theory is the theory of a free complex boson and a free Weyl fermion, written in the form L= 0,06 + xis - OY + FTF. Here F is an auxiliary complex scalar field whose field equation is F = 0. Show that this Lagrangian is invariant (up to a total divergence) under the infinitesi- mal tranformation 5 = -ieT 0” y, bx =F +0- Oboe", 6F = —icla - dy, where the parameter €q is a 2-component spinor of Grassmann numbers. (b) Show that the term AL = [mF + himxTo?x] + (complex conjugate)