A4.

(a)

Sample 1 2 3 X bar Range

1 1010 991 986 995.667 24
2 995 996 994 995.000 2
3 990 1003 1008 1000.333 18
4 1015 1020 998 1011.000 22
5 1013 1019 993 1008.333 26
6 994 1001 1005 1000.000 11
7 989 992 1020 1000.333 31
8 1001 986 996 994.333 15
9 1006 989 1007 1000.667 18
10 992 1007 979 992.667 28
11 996 1006 989 997.000 17
12 1019 996 1011 1008.667 23
13 981 991 1003 991.667 22
14 999 993 984 992.000 15
15 1013 1002 992 1002.333 21
𝑥̅̅ = 999.333 𝑅 = 19.53333333

Here,
Central Limit = 𝑥̅̅ = 999.333
R bar = 𝑅 = 19.533
A2 (for 3 observation) = 1.023
D3 (for 3 observation) = 0.000
D4 (for 3 observation) = 2.574
UCL = (X double bar + A2 R bar)
UCL = (999.333 + 1.023*19.533)
Therefore, UCL = 1019.315
Similarly,
LCL = (X double bar - A2 R bar)
LCL = (999.333 - 1.023* 19.533)
LCL = 979.350
For R chart
UCL = D4*R bar
UCL = 2.574 * 19.533
Therefore, UCL = 50.277
Similarly,
LCL = D3*R bar
LCL = 0 * 19.533
LCL = 0
Therefore, from the above X bar Chart and R bar chart we can conclude that all the samples
taken are lying within the upper control limit and lower control limit. So, the process is set to
be under control, with no kind of natural or assignable variance.