Qayamat Ki Nishaniyan (क़यामत की निशानियाँ) Hindi Book

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MkW0&vkt+e csx d+knjh lQ+oh

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eqv+fYyQ+&Mk0 vkt+e csx d+knjh lQ+oh
lus b’kkv+r&ebZ& 2020
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&% feyus ds irs %&
enkj cqd lsyj tkosn cqd lsyj

eduiqj ¼dkuiqj½ djgy ¼eSuiqjh½
09695661767 09634447000
vuokj mnZw cqd fMiks

fclkr [kkuk eSuiqjh
09319086703
Q+sgfjLr et+kehu
u0
'kqekj
mUokukr lQ+gk
01 gEn 08
02 rEghn 10
03 d+;ker d+jhc gS 13
04 bZeku enhus eas fleV vk;sxk 17
05 nhu dk lyker u jguk 17
06 bZeku cpkuk gkFk eas vkx ysuk 19
07 vkneh lqcg eksfeu vkSj 'kke dks
dkfQ+j 19
08 nkSjs fQ+ru eas b+cknr dk lckc 20
09 yksx efLtnkas ij Q+[+j djasxs 20
10 efLtnkas eas dksbZ eksfeu u gksxk 21
11 b+Ye mBuk] tgkyr QSyuk cndkjh
v+ke 'kjkc uks'kh] enksZa dh fd+Yyr 21
12 d+;ker ls d+Cy beke d+yhy gkaasxs 23
13 d+;ker ls d+Cy beke mBk fy;s
tk;asxs 23
14 d+;ker d+k;e u gksxh tc rd
vYykg vYykg dgk tkrk jgsxk 24
15 oD+r dk fldqM+uk] b+Ye mBuk]
d+Ry o t+yt+ykas dh dljr 24
u0
'kqekj
mUokukr lQ+gk
16 d+;ker ls igys d+Ry dh dljr 27

17 eqlyeku ,d nwljs dks d+Ry djasxs 28
18 d+kfry u tkusxk D;kas d+Ry fd;k
o ed+rwy u tkusxk D;kas d+Ry gqvk 29
19 bekekas dk d+Ry 30
20 eky dk bfUrgkbZ dljr gksxh fd
ln~d+k ysus okyk ugha feysxk 30
21 lwjt dk ex+fjc ls rqywv+ gksuk 32
22 tc eqv+k'kjs eas iUnzg ckras t+kfgj
gksa rc cykvkas dks uqtwy gksxk 35
23 tc eqlyeku N% pht+kas dks gyky
tkuasxs rc rckgh ukft+y gksxh 36
24 d+;ker dh nl fu'kkfu;k¡ 37
25 tkuoj eDdk ds d+jhc ls fudysxk 40
26 t+ehu eas /kaluk] 'kDys fcxM+uk o
vkleku ls iRFkj cjluk 41
27 nhxj d+kSes eqlyekukas dks feVkus dh
lkft'k djsaxh 41
28 eqlyekukas dh rqdksZa ls tax 44
29 d+;ker cgqr ut+nhd gS 45
30 d+;ker ls d+Cy reke vgys bZeku
dh vj*okg dk d+Ct+ gksuk 46
u0
'kqekj
mUokukr lQ+gk
31 d+;ker vpkud okd+Sv+ gksxh 47

32 tc vekur t+k;k dh tk;s rc
d+;ker ds eqUrft+j jgks 48
33 cqjs yksxkas dk jqrck cqyUn vkSj usd
yksxkas dk jqrck fxjk fn;k tk;sxk 48
34 gqDejkuks dk t+qYe c<+uk vkSj jkg
xqt+j ij cndkjh v+ke gksuk 50
35 t+ehu tgkyr ls Hkj tk;sxh 51
36 dk'k eSa d+cz okys dh txg gksrk 52
37 dksbZ Hkh lwn ls egQwt+ u jgsxk 52
38 Q+jkr eas lksus dk igkM+ fudysxk 53
39 nfjUns bUlkukas ls ckr djasxs 54
40 gj ckn eas vkus okyk lky igys
lky ls cnrj gksxk 54
41 dq+csZ d+;ker gj [+okc lPpk gksxk 55
42 eq[+rfyQ+ v+ykekr 56
43 nTtky dk c;ku 59
44 nTtky dkuk gksxk o mldh vk¡[kkas
ds njfe;ku dkfQ+j fy[kk gksxk 59
45 nTtky ds gkFk eas nks ugjas gksxh 60
46 nTtky enhus ds d+jhc ,d 'k[+l
dks ekjsxk fQj ft+Unk djsxk 63
u0
'kqekj
mUokukr lQ+gk
47 nTtky ds lkFk lRrj gt+kj ;gwnh

gkasxs 65
48 nTtky enhus eas nkf[k+y u gksxk 66
49 rhl >wBs nTtky iSnk gkasxs 67
50 uqtw+ys bZlk ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ vkSj
d+Rys nTtky o ;ktwt ektwt 68
51 ;ktwt ektwt dk c;ku 79
52 easgnh ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ dk c;ku 83
[08]
786@92
vYg+Enq fyYykfg ug~enqgw o uLrbZ+uqgw o
uLrx+fQ+#gq ouqv+feuw fcgh o urkoDdyw v+ySfg
o ukÅtw fcYykfg feu 'kq#fj v+u Qqfluk ofeu
lb;svkfr vkv+efyuk eabZ ;qnfyygq Q+yk gkfn;k
ygw ou'kgnq vUuk eqg+Eenu v+Cnqgw o jlwyqgw 0
reke [kwfc;k¡ vkSj rkjhQ+sa flQ+Z vYykg

rv+kyk ds fy;s gSa tks reke dk;ukr dk ,d
vdsyk ekfyd o [k+kfyd+ gS ftlus viuh jg+er
o esgjckuh dh pknj ls vius cUnksa dks <k¡i
j[kk gS ftlus dk;ukr dh r[k+yhd+ o rjrhc dks
gqLuks teky c[+’kk tks fnyks ds iks’khnk jkt+ks ij
eqRrykv+ gS tks reke fg+derksa o xS+cksa dk tkuus
okyk gS dk;ukr dk dksbZ ,slk t+jkZ ugha tks
mldh g+Enks luk u djrk gks gj ‘kS% mlds
rkcSv+ o d+Ct+s dqnjr esa gS tks viuh c<+kbZ vkSj
cqyUnh esa ;drk gSA
mldk dksbZ ‘kjhd ugha tks usv+ersa o fjT+d+

v+rk djus okyk] fgnk;r nsus okyk] fgQ+kt+r
djus okyk] cM+k c[+’kus okyk fugk;r esgjcku o
djhe gS vkSj nq:nks lyke gks jgers nks v+kye
lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye ij tks t+kfgj
[09]
o ckfru esa r¸;c o rkfgj gSa tks reke ,s+cks

ud+kbl ls ikd m+ywes xS+c ds tkuus okys gSa ftUgas
vYykg rv+kyk us uwj o fgnk;r ds lkFk ecÅ+l
Q+jek;k ftuds uwj ls nks v+kye esa mtkyk gS
vYykg rv+kyk us ftUgas dkSlj v+rk dh ftl ij
jkst+s d+;ker I;kls eksfeu vk;saxs vkSj lSjkc
gksdj tk;saxs ftUgkasus bUlku dks xqejkfg;ksa ds
va/ksjksa ls fudkydj jkgs fgnk;r vkSj jkgs futkr
fn[kkbZ vYykg rv+kyk us vius gchc dks vkSlkQ+
o v[k+ykd+ esa cqyUn vkSj cs feLy vkSj reke
vfEc;k&fdjke v+ySfgeqLlyke dk ljnkj cuk;k
vkSj vius uwj ls gqtwjs ikd ds ftLes vr~gj dks
r[k+yhd+ fd;k ftudk t+kfgj o ckfru lc uwj gS
vkSj jger o lykerh gks vkids

vgys cSr vr~gkj ij tks nhu dh fgQ+kt+r vkSj
cd+k ds fy;s dqjcku gks x;s tks jkst+s d+;ker
eqfgCckus vgys cSr dh futkr dk t+fj;k gksaxs
vkSj gj vkQ+r o elkbc ds njfe;ku <+ky gksaxs
vkSj jger o lykerh gks vkidh vt+okts
eqrg~jkr vkSj vkidh vky o vlgko vkSj
reke vkSfy;k&,&fdjke o lwfQ+;k&,&b+t+ke ij
vkSj mu ij tks vYykg rv+kyk ds eqd+jZc o
e[k+lwl cUns gSaA
[10]
&% rEghn &%

vYykg jCcqy bTt+r dk 'kqØ o ,glku gS fd
ftldh rkSQ+hd+ ls eSa bl fdrkc dh rkv+yhQ+
dj jgk gw¡ vkSj vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk dk
v+t+he Q+T+yks dje gS fd ftlus eq>s ;s lv+knr
v+rk Q+jekbZ vYykg rckjd o rv+kyk Q+jekrk
gS fd nqfu;k¡ efUt+y ugha gS cfYd jkg xqt+j gS
vkSj ,s xqukgksa ds iqrys rwus fdrus xqukg fd;s
ftldk rq>s [kqn vankt+k ugha vkSj u gh rw mu
xqukgkas dks 'kqekj dj ldrk gS exj fQj Hkh eSa
rsjh rkSck ij rsjs xqukgksa dks ekQ+ dj nsrk gw¡
vkSj nqfu;k¡ esa rsjs xqukgksa dh inkZ iks'kh Hkh
djrk gw¡ vkSj rwus esjh fdruh uk Q+jekfu;k¡ dh
fQj Hkh eSaus mUgas nj xqt+j Q+jek;k vkSj eSa
pkgrk gw¡ fd ,s esjs cUns rw esjh Q+jeka cjnkjh
ds lkFk viuh ft+Unxh xqt+kj vkSj esjh Q+jeka
cjnkjh ij gh rsjk [k+kRek gks
vYykg rv+kyk Q+jekrk gS D;k rw esjh mu

usv+erks dk 'kqekj dj ldrk gS tks eSaus rq>s
v+rk dh fQj Hkh rw esjk 'kqØ vnk ugha djrk
vkSj nqfu;k¡ eas rq>s rsjs cqjs vkv+ekyksa us /kksds
esa Mky j[kk gS D;k eSaus rsjs fy;s dk;ukr dks
eql[+[+kj ugha fd;k ¼;kuh rsjs rkcSv+ vkSj rsjs
d+kcw esa ugha fn;k½ vkSj rw gS fd ljd'k gksrk
pyk tk jgk gS vkSj esjh uk 'kqØh o ukQ+jekuh
[11]
vkSj cqjs vkv+ekyksa ds t+fj;s viuh vkf[k+jr

D;ksa [k+jkc dj jgk gS D;k eSaus rq>s v+D+y u nh
D;k eSaus rq>s vPNs o cqjs vkSj lgh o x+yr esa
bfEr;kt+ djus dh le> o lykfg;r v+rk ugha
dh D;k esjk d+qjku vkSj esjs uch o jlwy rsjh
fgnk;r ds fy;s dkQ+h ugha gSa vkSj rw nqfu;k¡ esa
fjgk;'k dk rycxkj gS gkyk¡fd ;s jkg xqt+j ds
fy;s ,d iqy ds feLy gSfl;r j[krh gS vkSj
rq>s rks tUur dk rycxkj gksuk pkfg;s Fkk
ysfdu rw rks nqfu;k¡ dh eqgCcr esa eqfCryk gks
x;k gS vkSj rq>s rks esjs nhnkj dk eq'rkd+ o
[+okfg'k eUn o rycxkj gksuk pkfg;s Fkk exj
rw rks bl Q+kuh nqfu;k¡ vkSj mldh t+Scks t+hur
esa bl d+nj [kks x;k fd rw eq>s vkSj esjh v+rk
dnkZ usv+erkas dks Hkh Hkwy x;k vkSj uk Q+jeku
o uk 'kqØk gks x;k
D;k rq>s ykSVdj esjs ikl ugha vkuk
gS D;k vius vkv+ekyksa dk fglkc ugha nsuk gS
D;k rq>s nkst+[k+ ls Mj ugha yxrk Fkk D;k d+cz
dh lf[+r;k¡ vkSj esjk v+t+kc rq>s [k+kSQ+ t+nk
ugha djrk D;k eSaus rsjs fy;s tUur dks vkjkLrk
ugha fd;k fQj D;ksa rw cqjs vkv+eky vkSj xqukgksa
ds t+fj;s viuh tUur dks Bksdj ekj jgk gS
vkSj nkst+[k+ dh vkx dks vius Åij m<+sy jgk
gS D;k rw ugha tkurk tc rssjh ekSr dk oD+r
d+jhc gksxk ml oD+r rsjk gkys rlOoqj D;k gksxk
[12]
rsjs cqjs vkv+ekyksa ds ckbl rsjh d+cz og'krukd

gksxh vkSj dksbZ ewful o ennxkj u gksxk vkSj
lQ+j nwj dk gksxk vkSj lQ+j ds fy;s rsjs ikl
u dksbZ lkeku gksxk vkSj u [k+pZ gksxk jksts+
d+;ker iqy fljkr ryokj ls T+;knk rst+ vkSj
cky ls T+;knk ckjhd gksxh ftls rw dSls ikj
djsxk nkst+[k+ dh vkx l[+r xje gksxh vkSj
rsjk ftLe det+ksj gksxk vkSj rw ogk¡ ls tUur
dks ns[ksxk tks cgqr Å¡ph gksxh exj rw ogk¡ rd
igq¡p u ldsxk vkSj rsjk ijoj fnxkj v+kfny gS
exj rsjs ikl dksbZ gqTtr o nyhy u gksxh
vkSj eht+ku ij rsjs usd vkv+ekyksa dk iyM+k
ot+uh u gksxk vkSj eSnkus eg'kj esa l[+r /kwi
o f'kn~nr dh xehZ gksxh vkSj ogk¡ vYykg dh
jger ds lk;s ds flok dksbZ lk;k u gksxk
ftlds uhps rw [kM+k gks lds blfy;s oD+r jgrs
laHky tk D;ksafd cs'kd d+;ker d+jhc gS blfy;s
vYykg ls rkSck dj vkSj usd vkv+eky dh
dljr dj cs'kd vYykg rv+kyk cM+k c[+'kus
okyk esgjcku gSA
Q+d+hj
Mk0 vkt+e csx d+knjh lQ+oh
09897626182
[13]
&% d+;ker d+jhc gS %&
bj'kkns ckjh rv+kyk gS %&

;d+huu d+;ker dh ?kM+h vkus okyh gSA
¼lw0&fgTj&15/85½

cs'kd d+;ker dh ?kM+h vkus okyh gS eSa mls
iks'khnk j[kuk pkgrk gw¡ rkfd gj tku dks ml
¼v+ey½ dk cnyk fn;k tk;s ftlds fy;s mlus
dksf'k'k dhA
¼lw0&rkgk&20/15½

vkus okyh ¼d+;ker dh ?kM+h½ d+jhc vk igq¡ph
vYykg ds flok bls dksbZ t+kfgj vkSj d+k;e
djus okyk ugha gSA
¼lw0&uTe&53/57,58½

cfYd mudk ok;nk rks d+;ker gS vkSj d+;ker
dh ?kM+h cgqr gh l[+r vkSj cgqr gh rY[k+ gSA
¼lw0&d+ej&54/46½

vkSj oks dgrs gS fd ;s okv+nk , ¼vkf[k+jr½
[14]
dc iwjk gksxk vxj rqe lPps gks Q+jeka nhft;s

rqEgkjs fy;s okv+ns dk fnu eqd+jZj gS u rqe
mlls ,d ?kM+h ihNs jgksxs vkSj u vkxs c<+
ldksxsA ¼lw0&lck&34/29,30½

cs'kd oks ¼rks½ ml ¼fnu½ dks nwj le> jgs gSa
vkSj ge mls d+jhc ns[k jgs gSa ftl fnu
vkleku fi?kys gq;s rk¡cs dh rjg gks tk;sxk
vkSj igkM+ ¼/kqudh gqbZ½ jaxhu Åu dh rjg gks
tk;saxsA
¼lw0&ev+kfjt&70/6-rk&9½

,s yksxksa vius jc ls Mjrs jgks cs'kd d+;ker
dk t+yt+yk cM+h l[+r pht+ gSA
¼lw0&gt&22/1½

yksxksa ds fy;s muds fglkc dk oD+r d+jhc vk
igq¡pk exj x+Q+yr esa ¼iM+s rkv+r ls½ eq¡g Qsjs
gq;s gSa muds ikl muds jc dh tkfuc ls tc
Hkh dksbZ ulhgr vkrh gS rks oks mls ;w¡ ¼cs
ijokgh ls½ ls lqurs gSa xks;k oks [ksydwn esa yxs
gq;s gSa muds fny x+kfQ+y gks pqds gSA
¼lw0&vfEc;k&21/1-rk&3½
[15]

cs'kd ¼vkf[k+jr dk½ tks okv+nk rqels fd;k tk
jgk gS oks fcYdqy lPpk gS vkSj cs'kd
¼vkv+eky dh½ tt+k o lt+k t+#j okd+Sv+ gksdj
jgsxh vkSj d+le gS jkLrksa okys vkleku dh
cs'kd rqe cs tksM+ ¼eq[+rfyQ+½ ckrksa esa iM+s gks
bl ¼vkf[k+jr dh gd+hd+r½ ls ogh eq¡g eksM+rk
gS tks ¼gd+ ls½ fQjk gqvk gS t+u ¼xqeku½ o
r[k+ehu ¼vVdy] vankt+s½ ls >wB cksyus okys
gykd gks x;s tks tgkyr o x+Q+yr esa
¼vkf[k+jr dks½ Hkwy tkus okys gSa iwNrs gSa ;kses
tt+k dc gksxk ¼Q+jeka nhft;s½ ml fnu ¼gksxk
tc½ oks vkfr'ks nkst+[k+ esa rik;s tk;saxs ¼muls
dgk tk;sxk½ viuh lt+k dk et+k p[kks ;gh oks
v+t+kc gS ftls rqe tYnh ek¡xrs FksA
¼lw0&t+kfjvkr&51/5-rk&14½

cfYd ¼d+;ker½ mUgsa vpkud vk igq¡psxh rks
mUgsa cn gokl dj nsxh lks oks u rks mls ykSVk
nsus dh rkd+r j[krs gksaxs vkSj u gh mUgsa eqgyr
nh tk;sxhA ¼lw0&vfEc;k&21/40½

vkSj vki mudks d+jhc vkus okyh vkQ+r ls
Mjk;sa tc t+Crs x+e ls dysts eq¡g dks vk;saxsA
¼lw0&x+kfQ+j@eksfeu&40/18½
[16]

vYykg gh gS tks gokvksa dks Hkstrk gS rks oks
ckny dks mHkkjrh gSa fQj oks ml ¼ckny½ dks
Q+tk&,&vklekuh esa ftl rjg pkgrk gS QSyk
nsrk gS fQj mls ¼eqrQ+fjZd+½ VqdM+s ¼djds rS c
rS½ dj nsrk gS fQj rqe ns[krs gks fd ckfj'k
mlds njfe;ku ls fudyrh gS fQj tc ml
¼ckfj'k½ dks vius cUnksa esa ls ftUgsa pkgrk gS
igq¡pk nsrk gS rks oks Q+kSju [kq'k gks tkrs gSa
vxjpk mu ij ckfj'k ds mrkjs tkus ls igys
oks yksx ek;wl gks jgs Fks lks vki vYykg dh
jger ds vljkr dh rjQ+ nsf[k;s fd oks fdl
rjg t+ehu dks mldh eqjnuh ds ckn ft+Unk
Q+jeka nsrk gS cs'kd oks eqnksZa dks ¼Hkh blh rjg½
t+#j ft+Unk djus okyk gS vkSj oks gj pht+ ij
[kwc d+kfnj gS A
¼lw0&#e&30/48-rk&50½
[17]
&% bZeku enhus esa fleV vk;sxk %&
gt+jr vcw gqjSjk ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½

ls fjok;r gS uch vdje ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk
v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd bZeku enhuk esa
,sls fleV dj vk tk;sxk tSls lk¡i fleVdj
vius fcy dh rjQ+ fleV tkrk gSA
¼bCus ektk&lquu&2/469-g0&3111½
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&2/384-g0&1876½
¼eqfLye&lgh&1/245-g0&374½
&% nhu dk lyker u jguk %&

ls fjok;r gS gqtwj ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySfg
olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd yksxksa ij ,d t+ekuk
,slk vk;sxk fd nhunkj vkneh dk nhu lyker
u jgsxk flok;s ml 'k[+l ds tks viuk nhu
cpkus ds fy;s fdlh igkM+h dh pksVh ls nwljh
pksVh ij ;k ,d lqjax ls nwljh lqjax esa vius
nhu dks lkFk ysdj Hkkxrk fQjs fQj tc ,slk
t+ekuk vk tk;s rc ekv+f'k;r ¼jkst+h] oks pht+s
ftlls ft+Unxh clj dh tk;s½ flQ+Z mUgha t+jk,s
ls gkfly gksaxh ftuls vYykg rv+kyk ukjkt+
gksxk vkSj tc ,slk t+ekuk vk tk;s rks ml
oD+r vkneh dh gykdr dh otg mldh choh
[18]
;k mldh vkSykn gksxh vkSj vxj fdlh dh

choh vkSj vkSykn u gqbZ rks mlds okfynSu
mldh gykdr dk lcc gksaxs vkSj vxj mlds
okfynSu u gq;s rks mldh gykdr mlds d+jhch
fj'rsnkj ;k ge lk;ksa ds gkFkksa gksxh lgkck
fdjke us v+tZ+ fd;k ;k jlwyYykg ,slk D;ksa
dj gksxk rks vki ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySfg
olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd oks mls eky dh deh
dk rkv+uk nsaxs ftldh otg ls oks eky o
nkSyr dks ikus ds fy;s [kqn dks ,sls dkeksa esa
eqyfOOkl dj ysxk tks mldh gykdr dk ckbl
gksxkA ¼vRrjx+hc oRrjghc&3/299-g0&4152½
gt+jr vcw lbZn [kqnjh ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk

v+Ugq½ ls fjok;r gS fd uch vdje ¼lYyYYkkgq
rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd ¼oks
t+ekuk½ ut+nhd gS fd ftl oD+r eqlyeku dk
m+Enkg ljek;k ¼iw¡th½ cdfj;k¡ gksaxh fd ftudks
ysdj oks igkM+ksa dh pksfV;ksa esa pyk tk;sxk vkSj
oks ikuh iM+us dh txg ij jgsxk vkSj oks nhu
dks fQ+Ruksa ls cpkus dh otg ls igkM+ksa ij
fudy tk;sxkA
¼ulkbZ&lquu&3/476-g0&5042½
[19]
bZeku cpkuk xks;k gkFk esa vkx ysuk
gt+jr vul fcu ekfyd ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk

v+Ugq½ ls fjok;r gS fd uch djhe ¼lYyYYkkgq
rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd yksxksa ij
,d ,slk t+ekuk vk;sxk ftlesa vius nhu ij
lkfcr d+ne jgus okys dh felky ,slh gksxh
tSls dksbZ 'k[+l vkx ds vaxkjksa ls eqV~Bh Hkj ys
¼frfeZt+h&lquu&2/139-g0&2260½
&% vkneh lqcg eksfeu vkSj

'kke dks dkfQ+j gksxk %&
v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd mu fQ+Ruksa ds
t+kfgj gksus ls tYnh tYnh usd vkv+eky dj
yks oks fQ+Rus tks va/ksjh jkr dh rjg Nk tk;saxs
;gk¡ rd fd vkneh lqcg bZeku okyk gksxk vkSj
'kke dks dkfQ+j gksxk ;k 'kke dks bZeku okyk
gksxk vkSj lqcg dkfQ+j gksxk vkSj nqfu;k¡oh eky
dh [k+kfrj oks vius nhu dks csp MkysxkA
¼rcjkuh&eqv+te vkSlr&3/156-g0&2774½
[20]
&% nkSjs fQ+ru esa b+cknr dk lokc %&
gt+jr ekv+fd+y fcu ;lkj ¼jft+vYykgq

rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys vdje
¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k
fQ+Ruk vkSj Q+lkn ds t+ekus esa b+cknr djus dk
lokc esjh rjQ+ fgtjr djus ds cjkcj gSA
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/464-g0&7400½
&% yksx efLtnkssa ij Q+[+j djsaxs %&

gt+jr vul ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls
fjok;r gS fd uch vdje ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk
v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k d+;ker ml oD+r
rd d+k;e u gksxh tc rd fd yksx efLtnksa
ij Q+[+j u djus yxsaxs ;kuh yksx rdCcqj o
fj;k dh fu;r ls ,d nwljs ls c<+dj m+Enkg&
m+Enkg efLtnsa rkv+ehj djsaxs vkSj ,d nwljs dh
rd+yhn esa ,d nwljs ls vkxs c<+us dh fu;r ls
efLtnsa rkv+ehj djsaxs vkSj mudk ed+ln jt+k,s
bykgh u gksxkA
¼vcw nkÅn&lquu&1/377-g0&449½
¼ulkbZ&lquu&1/288-g0&692½
[21]
&% efLtnksa esa dksbZ eksfeu u gksxk %&

gt+jr v+CnqYykg fcu vEj ¼jft+vYykgq
rv+kyk v+Ugqek½ ls fjok;r gS fd uch vdje
fd yksxksa ij ,d ,slk t+ekuk Hkh vk;sxk fd oks
efLtnksa esa bdV~Bs gksaxs vkSj ck tekv+r uekt+
i<+saxs ysfdu muesa ,d Hkh eksfeu u gksxkA
¼bCus vch 'kSck&6/163-g0&30355]7/505-37586½
¼beke gkfde&vy eqLrnjd&4/489-g0&8365½
¼beke nSyeh&vy fQ+jnkSl&5/441&g0&8680½
¼beke gkfde Q+jekrs gSa fd ;s gnhl lghg gS½
b+Ye mBuk] tgkyr QSyuk] cndkjh

v+ke] 'kjkc uks'kh o enksZ dh fd+Yyr
rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd d+;ker
dh fu'kkfu;ksa esa ls ;s Hkh gS fd b+Ye mB tk;sxk
tgkyr QSy tk;sxh cndkjh ¼ft+ukdkjh½ v+ke gks
tk;sxh 'kjkcsa ih tk;saxh vkSj enZ de jg tk;saxs
vkSj v+kSjrssa T+;knk gks tk;saxha ;gk¡ rd fd ipkl
v+kSjrksa dk bfUrt+ke ,d enZ djsxkA
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&1/132-g0&82,g0&5231,g0&6808½
[22]

dh fu'kkfu;ksa esa ls gS fd b+Ye mB tk;sxk ¼;kuh
nhu dk b+Ye yksx de gkfly djsaxs vkSj nqfu;k¡
dh eqgCcr o jx+cr vkSj ryc esa eqfCryk gks
tk;saxs½ vkSj tgkyr QSy tk;sxh vkSj 'kjkcas ih
tk;asxha vkSj ft+uk t+kfgj ;kuh [kqYye [kqYyk
gksxk vkSj enZ de gks tk;saxs ;gk¡ rd fd ipkl
v+kSjrksa ds fy;s ,d enZ gksxk tks mudh [k+cj
xhjh djsxk ¼;kuh yM+kb;ksa esa enZ cgqr ekjs
tk;saxs½ vkSj v+kSjrsa jg tk;saxhA
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/261-g0&6785,6786½
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&5/196-g0&5231½
gt+jr vcw ewlk v'kv+jh ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk

rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd yksxksa ij
,slk oD+r t+#j vk;sxk fd vkneh ln~d+s dk
lksuk ysdj fQjsxk exj oks fdlh ,sls 'k[+l dks
u ik;sxk tks mlds eky dks d+qcwy dj ys ¼;kuh
ml oD+r vDlj yksx cgqr ekynkj gksaxs vkSj
mu ij dlhj eky gksxk½ vkSj bUlku ;s eUt+j
Hkh ns[ksxk fd enksZ fd+Yyr vkSj v+kSjrksa dh
dljr gksxh vkSj pkyhl vkSjrsa ,d enZ dh
iukg esa gksaxhA ¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&2/153-g0&1414½
[23]
d+;ker ls d+Cy beke d+yhy gksasxs
ljdkjs nks v+kye ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySfg

olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd d+;ker dh fu'kkfu;ksa
esa ls ,d fu'kkuh ;s Hkh gS fd vgys efLtn
beker ds fy;s ,d nwljs ij Vkysaxs vkSj mudks
dksbZ beker djus okyk u feysxkA
d+;ker ls d+Cy beke mBk fy;s tk;saxs

rv+kyk v+Ugqek½ ls fjok;r gS fd uch vdje
fd d+;ker ds d+jhc vYykg rv+kyk bl rjg
b+Ye u mBk;sxk fd yksxksa ds fnyksa ls b+Ye
fudky ys cfYd bl rjg mBk;sxk fd v+kfyeksa
dks gh mBk ysxk ;gk¡ rd fd dksbZ v+kfye u
jgsxk rks yksx vius tkfgyksa dks viuk ljnkj
cuk ysaxs vkSj tc muls elkby iwNs tk;sasxs rks
oks cxS+j b+Ye ds Q+rok nasxs vkSj [kqn Hkh xqejkg
gkasxs vkSj yksxksa Hkh xqejkg djsaxsA
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/262-g0&6796½
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&1/144-g0&100½
[24]
&% d+;ker d+k;e u gksxh tc rd

vYykg vYykg dgk tkrk jgsxk %&

v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd d+;ker d+k;e
u gksxh tc rd t+ehu ij vYykg vYykg
dgk tkrk jgsxkA ¼eqfLye&lgh&1/245-g0&375½
&% oD+r dk fldqM+uk] b+Ye dk mBuk]

d+Ry o t+yt+yksa dh dljr %&
v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd d+;ker ls igys
t+ekuk ckge d+jhc gks tk;sxk ;kuh oD+r fldqM+
tk;sxk ;kuh oD+r cscjdrh dh otg ls tYn
xqt+jsxk vkSj b+Ye mBk fy;k tk;sxk vkSj fQ+Rus
t+kfgj gksaxs vkSj cq[+y Mky fn;k tk;sxk vkSj
gtZ dh dljr gks tk;sxh lgkck&fdjke us v+t+Z
fd;k ;k jlwyYykg ;s gtZ D;k gS rks vki
¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k
fd d+Ry gh d+Ry ¼eqfLye&lgh&6/262-g0&6792½
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/413-g0&7257½
[25]
gt+jr gqt+SQ+k fcu ;eku ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk

ds d+jhc nhu bLyke feVus ds d+jhc gks tk;sxk
;gk¡ rd fd fdlh dks Hkh jkst+k] uekt+] dqckZuh
vkSj ln~d+k ¼cxS+jkg ds eqrkv+fYyd+ fdlh fd+Le½
dk b+Ye u jgsxk vkSj vYykg dh fdrkc ,d
gh jkr esa ,sls x+k;c gks tk;sxh fd t+ehu esa
mldh ,d vk;r Hkh ckd+h u jgsxh vkSj
bUlkuksa esa dwN d+ckby ¼;k fxjksg½ ,sls jg
tk;saxs fd muesa cw<+s enZ vkSj cw<+h v+kSjrsa dgsaxh
fd geus vius vkckvks vtnkn dks ;s dyek
i<+rs lquk ^^yk bykgk bYyYykg** blfy;s ge
Hkh ;s dyek i<+rs gSa v+t+Z fd;k x;k fd ^^yk
bykgk bYyYykg** i<+us ls mUgsa D;k Q+k;nk gksxk
tc mUgs uekt+] jkst+k] t+dkr o ln~d+kr dk
b+Ye u gksxk rks vki ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySfg
olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd ^^yk bykgk bYyYykg**
mUgsa nkst+[k+ ls futkr fnyk nsxkA

u gksxh gRrk fd b+Ye mBk fy;k tk;sxk t+yt+ys
cdljr vk;saxs oD+r de gks tk;sxk vkSj fQ+Ruksa
dk t+gwj gksxk vkSj d+Ry o x+kjr v+ke gksxh
[26]
vkSj rqEgkjs ;gk¡ eky o nkSyr dh cgqr dljr

gksxhA
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&1/625-g0&1036½

ls fjok;r gS jlwys vdje ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk
v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd oD+r cM+h rst+h
ls xqt+jsxk vkSj v+ey de gksrs tk;asxas vkSj
fnyksa esa c[k+hyh lek tk;sxh vkSj gtZ ¼d+Ry½
cgqr T+;knk c<+ tk;sxk rks yksxksa us v+t+Z fd;k
;k jlwyYykg gtZ D;k gS rks vki ¼lYyYykgq
rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k [kw¡jsat+h vkSj
d+Ryks x+kjrA
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&5/599-g0&6037½

v+Ugq½ ls fjok;r gS rktnkjs dk;ukr ¼lYyYYkkgq
d+k;e u gksxh ;gk¡ rd fd t+ekuk d+jhc gks
tk;s vkSj lky ,d ekg ds cjkcj vkSj ,d
eghuk ,d g¶+rk ds cjkcj vkSj ,d g¶+rk ,d
fnu ds cjkcj vkSj ,d fnu ,d lkv+r ds
cjkcj gks tk;sxkA
[27]
d+;ker ls igys d+Ry dh dljr gksxh
gt+jr v+CnqYykg fcu elÅ+n vkSj gt+jr

vCkw ewlk v'kv+jh ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugqek½
ls fjok;r gS fd uch djhe ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk
v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd d+;ker ls dqN
vjlk igys dk t+ekuk ,slk gksxk fd mlesa
¼pkjksa rjQ+½ tgkyr mrjsxh b+Ye mBk fy;k
tk;sxk vkSj gtZ T+;knk gksxk ¼gtZ [kw¡jsth o
d+Ryks x+kjr dks dgrs gSa½A
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&6/383-g0&7062,7063½
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/261-g0&6788½
¼bCus ektk&lquu&3/316-g0&4050,4051½

ls fjok;r gS fd ljojs dk;ukr ¼lYyYYkkgq
d+k;e u gksxh ;gk¡ rd fd eky ¼T+;knk gksus
dh otg ls ikuh dh rjg½ cgus yxs vkSj
fQ+Rus t+kfgj gksaxs vkSj gtZ T+;knk gks tk;sxk rks
lgkck&fdjke us v+tZ+ fd;k ;k jlwyYykg gtZ
D;k gS rks vki ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySfg
olYye½ us Q+jek;k d+Ry d+Ry d+Ry rhu ckj
Q+jek;kA
[28]
eqlyeku ,d nwljs dks d+Ry djsaxs

gt+jr lwcku ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls
fjok;r gS fd jlwys vdje ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk
v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd vYykg rv+kyk
us esjs fy;s t+ehu dks yisV fn;k ;kuh reke
t+ehu dks lesV dj esjs lkeus dj fn;k il
eSaus mldk iwjc vkSj if'pe lc ns[k fy;k
vkSj v+ud+jhc esjh mEer dh lYrur o gqdwer
ogk¡ rd igq¡psxh tgk¡ rd t+ehu eq>dks fn[kkbZ
xbZ gS vkSj eq>dks nks [k+t+kus v+rk gq;s ftuesa
,d lq[kZ vkSj ,d lQsn gS vkSj eSaus vius jc
ls nqv+k dh fd esjh mEer dks v+ke d+g~r lkyh
ls gykd u djuk vkSj bl ij dksbZ ,slk x+Sj
nq'eu Hkh x+kfyc u djuk fd mudk tRFkk VwV
tk;s vkSj mudh tM+sa dV tk;sa ;kuh fcYdqy
usLr o ukcwn u djuk rks esjs jc us bj'kkn
Q+jek;k fd ,s eqgEen ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySfg
olYye½ tc eSa dksbZ gqDe dj nsrk gw¡ fQj oks
iyVrk ugha gS eSaus rsjh ;s nqv+k;sa dq+cwy dj yha
vkSj eSa rsjh bl mEer dks v+ke d+g~r lkyh ls
gykd u d#¡xk vkSj u bu ij dksbZ x+Sj nq'eu
eqlYyr d#¡xk tks bUgsa gykd dj ns vxjpk
buds f[k+ykQ+ t+ehu ds pkjksa vrjkQ+ ds lc
yksx tekv+ gks tk;sa fQj Hkh mUgsa gykd u dj
ldsaxs vycRrk [kqn eqlyeku vkil esa ,d
nwljs dks gykd djsaxs vkSj ,d nwljs dks d+Sn
[29]
djsaxs eq>s viuh mEer ij xqejkg bekeksa dk

[k+kSQ+ gSA
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/413-g0&7258½
d+kfry u tkusxk fd D;w¡ d+Ry fd;k

vkSj eD+rwy u tkusxk D;w¡ d+Ry gqvk
v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd ml t+kr dh
d+le ftlds d+Ct+s dqnjr esa esjh tku gS fd
nqfu;k¡ ml oD+r rd [k+Re u gksxh tc rd fd
yksxksa ij ,slk oD+r u vk tk;s fd ftlesa
d+kfry dks ;s b+Ye u gksxk fd mlus D;ksa d+Ry
fd;k vkSj eD+rwy dks ;s [k+cj u gksxh fd oks
D;ksa d+Ry fd;k x;k lgkck&fdjke us v+t+Z
fd;k ;k jlwyYYkkg ;s fdl rjg gksxk il vki
fd ck dljr Q+lkn o d+Ryks x+kjr vkSj [k¡wjast+h
gksxh fd yksx uk gd+ ekjs tk;saxs vkSj d+kfry o
eD+rwy viuh viuh ¼cn fu;rh vkSj cn bjkns
dh otg ls½ nksauksa nkst+[k+ esa gksaxsA
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/430-g0&7303½
¼nSyeh&eqLun vy fQ+jnkSl&4/371-g0&7074½
[30]
&% bekeksa dk d+Ry %&
gt+jr gqtS+Q+k ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls

v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd d+le gS ml
ikd ijoj fnxkj dh ftlds nLrs dqnjr esa esjh
tku gS d+;ker d+k;e u gksxh tc rd rqe
vius bekeksa dks d+Ry u djksxs vkSj vkil esa
,d nwljs dks viuh ryokjksa ls u ekjksxs vkSj
tc rd rqEgkjh nqfu;k¡ ds okfjl cnrj yksx u
gksaxs ;kuh gqdwer vkSj bekjr ¼nkSyr eanh½
Qq+Llkd+ ¼cndkjh o xqukg djus okyksa½ dh gksxh
&% eky dh bfUrgkbZ dljr gksxh

fd ln~d+k ysus okyk u feysxk %&
v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd d+;ker ml
oD+r rd cjik u gksxh tc rd rqEgkjs ikl
eky dh bl d+nj dljr u gks tk;s fd oks
ikuh dh rjg cgus yxs ;gk¡ rd fd ekynkj
dks ;s pht+ ijs'kku dj nsxh fd mlds ln~d+s dks
dkSu dqcwy djs vkSj ukScr ;gk¡ rd igq¡p
tk;sxh fd ,d 'k[+l nwljs dks eky is'k djsxk
[31]
rks oks tokc nsxk fd eq>s bldh t+#jr ughaA

¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&2/152-g0&1412½
¼ulkbZ&lquu&3/287-g0&4463½
gt+jr gkfjlk fcu og~c ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk

rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd ,s yksxks
ln~d+k fd;k djks D;ksafd rqe ij ,d ,slk oD+r
vk;sxk fd vkneh viuk ln~d+k fy;s gq;s fQjsxk
exj dksbZ 'k[+l ,slk u feysxk tks mlds ln~ds+
dks dqcwy djs tc ,d 'k[+l fdlh nwljs 'k[+l
dks ln~d+k nsxk rks oks dgsxk vxj rw dy eq>s
ln~d+k nsrk rks eSa ys ysrk ysfdu eq>s vkt
bldh dksbZ t+#jr ughaA
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&2/151-g0&1411½
¼ulkbZ&lquu&2/164-g0&2559½
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&6/408-g0&7120½
gt+jr bCus gkfre ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½

oD+r rd d+k;e u gksxh ;gk¡ rd fd rqe esa ls
,d viuk ln~d+k ysdj fQjsxk exj mls dqcwy
djus okyk ugha feysxk fQj jksts+ d+;ker rqeesa
[32]
ls gj 'k[+l vYykg ds lkeus [kM+k gksxk tcfd

mlds vkSj vYykg rv+kyk ds njfe;ku dksbZ
inkZ gkby u gksxk vkSj u dksbZ rjtqeku gksxk
tks mldh xq¶+rxw dks ud+y djs fcyk 'kqck fQj
vYykg rv+kyk mlls Q+jek;sxk D;k eSaus rq>s
eky u fn;k Fkk rks oks v+t+Z djsxk D;ksa ugha
fQj vYykg rv+kyk Q+jek;sxk D;k eSaus rsjs ikl
,d v+t+he iSx+Ecj ugha Hkstk Fkk oks v+t+Z djsxk
D;ksa ugha fQj oks viuh nk¡;h rjQ+ ns[ksxk rks
mls vkx ds flok mls dksbZ pht+ ut+j ugha
vk;sxh vkSj tc oks ck¡;h rjQ+ ut+j Mkysxk rks
m/kj Hkh flok; vkx ds dqN Hkh ut+j ugha
vk;sxk fygkt+k rqeesa ls gj 'k[+l dks vkx ls
cpuk pkfg;s vxjpk [ktwj dk ,d VqdM+k gh
nas vxj ;s Hkh eqfEdu u gks rks vPNh ckr dg
nsa ¼D;ksafd ;s Hkh ln~d+k gS½A
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&2/152-g0&1413½
&% lwjt dk ex+fjc ls rqywv+ gksuk %&

gt+jr vcw t+j ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls
v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd D;k rqEgsa ekywe
gS fd ;s lwjt dgk¡ tkrk gS rks v+t+Z fd;k x;k
fd vYykg o mlds jlwy dks [kwc b+Ye gS rks
[33]
vki ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us

Q+jek;k fd ;s lwjt v+'kZ ds uhps tkdj vius
jc dks lTnk djrk gS vkSj fQj vYykg rckjd
o rv+kyk ls btkt+r ryc djrk gS rks mls
btkt+r ns nh tkrh gS vkSj oks fnu Hkh d+jhc gS
tc lwjt lTnk djsxk rks mldk lTnk dqcwy u
gksxk vkSj oks btkt+r ryc djsxk rks mls
btkt+r u feysxh cfYd mls gqDe gksxk fd tgk¡
ls vk;s gks m/kj gh pys tkvks fQj oks lwjt
ex+fjc ls rqywv+ gksxk tSlk fd vYykg rv+kyk
dk bj'kkns fxjkeh gS ^^vkSj lwjt ges'kk vius
eqd+jZjk efUt+y ds fy;s ¼cxS+j jqds½ pyrk jgrk
gS**A ¼lw0&;klhu&36/38½
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&3/448-g0&3199½
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&6/573-g0&7424½

u gksxh ;gk¡ rd fd vkQ+rkc ex+fjc ls rqywv+
u gks vkSj tc vkQ+rkc ¼ex+fjc ls½ rqywv+
gksxk vkSj yksx mls ns[k ysaxs rks vgys t+ehu
bZeku ys vk;saxs ysfdu ;s oD+r ogh gksxk tc
bZeku ykuk mu yksxksa ds fy;s Q+k;nsean u gksxk
¼tSlk fd vYykg rv+kyk bj'kkn Q+jekrk gS&
^^ftl fnu vkids jc dh ckv+t+ fu'kkfu;k¡ vk
[34]
igq¡psxh ¼rks ml oD+r½ ,sls fdlh 'k[+l dk

bZeku mls Q+k;nk ugha igq¡pk;sxk tks igys ls
bZeku ugha yk;k Fkk ;k mlus vius bZeku ¼dh
gkyr½ esa vPNs vkv+eky u fd;s gksasxs Q+jeka
nhft;s rqe bfUrt+kj djks vkSj ge Hkh eqUrft+j
gSaA ¼lw0&vuv+ke&6/158½
gt+jr lQ+oku fcu vLlky ¼jft+vYykgq

rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls fjok;r gS ljdkjs nks v+kye
fd ex+fjc dh rjQ+ ,d njokt+k [kqyk gqvk gS
ftldh pkSM+kbZ lRrj cjl ¼dh eqlkQ+r½ gS vkSj
;s njokt+k rkSck ds fy;s cjkcj [kqyk jgsxk tc
rd fd lwjt ml rjQ+ ;kuh ex+fjc ls rqywv+
u gks lks tc vkQ+rkc ml tkfuc ls rqywv+ gks
tk;sxk rks ml oD+r fdlh dk Hkh bZeku ykuk
mls Qk;nsean u gksxkA
[35]
&% tc eqv+k'kjs esa 15 ckrsa t+kfgj

gksa rc cykvksa dk uqtwy gksxk %&
gt+jr ekSyk v+yh ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½
v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd tc esjh mEer
esa iUnzg ¼15½ dke gksus yxsa rks mu ij cyk;sa
mrjsaxh il lgkck&fdjke us v+t+Z fd;k ;k&
jlwyYykg oks iUnzg dke dkSu ls gS rks vki
fd ¼1½ tc eglwykr nkSyr gks tk;s vkSj ¼2½
vekur x+uher gks tk;s ¼;kuh vekur esa
[k+;kur dh tk;s½ ¼3½ t+dkr dks d+t+Z le>k
tk;s ¼4½ vkneh viuh choh dh brkv+r djuk
'kq# dj ns vkSj viuh ek¡ dh ukQ+jekuh djus
yxs ¼5½ efLtnksa esa vkokt+s Å¡ph gksuk 'kq# gks
tk;sa ¼6½ vkneh vius nksLr ls vPNk lqywd
djs vkSj vius cki ls cqjk lqywd djs ¼7½
vkneh dh bT+t+r egt+ mlds 'kj ls egQwt+
jgus ds fy;s dh tk;s ¼8½ d+kSe dk cnrjhu
vkneh d+kSe dk gqDejku cu tk;s ¼9½ d+chys
dk cndkj 'k[+l mudk ljnkj cu tk;s ¼10½
xkus okyh v+kSjrsa v+ke gks tk;sa ¼11½ xkus ctkus
dk lkeku v+ke gks tk;s ¼12½ 'kjkcsa ih tk;sa
¼13½ js'ke iguk tk;s ¼14½ ckn okys yksx igys
ds yksxksa dks ykv+u rku ls ;kn djsa ¼15½ x+Sj
nhuh dkeksa ds fy;s b+Ye gkfly fd;k tk;s rks
[36]
ml oD+r lq[kZ vk¡/kh] t+yt+ys] t+ehu esa /kal

tkus] 'kDysa fcxM+ tkus] vkSj vkleku ls iRFkj
cjlus vkSj rjg rjg ds eqlyly v+t+kcksa dk
bfUrt+kj djks ;s fu'kkfu;k¡ ,d ds ckn ,d
t+kfgj gksxh ftl rjg fdlh gkj dk /kkxk VwV
tkus ls fxjrs eksfr;ksa dk rk¡rk ca/k tkrk gSA
¼frfeZt+h&lquu&2/101-2211½
¼vRrjx+hc oRrjghc&4/5-g0&4544½
&% tc eqlyeku N% pht+ksa dks gyky

tkusaxs rc rckgh ukft+y gksxh %&
fjok;r gS fd uch djhe ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk
v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd tc esjh mEer
N% phtksa dks gyky le>us yxsxh rc mu ij
rckgh ukft+y gksxh tc muesa ckgeh ykv+ur
o eyker v+ke gks tk;sxh vkSj yksx dljr
ls 'kjkc fi;saxs] enZ js'keh fyckl igusaxs] yksx
xkus ctkus vkSj j'd ¼ukpus½ okyh v+kSjrsa
j[kus yxsaxs vkSj enZ enksZa ls vkSj vkSjrsa vkSjrksa
ls ftUlh yT+t+r gkfly djsaxhA
¼cSgd+h&'kqv+cqy bZeku&4/377-g0&5469½
¼vcw uq,se&fgY;krqy vkSfy;k&6/123½
[37]
&% d+;ker dh nl fu'kkfu;k¡ %&
gt+jr gqt+SQ+k fcu vlhn ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk

d+k;e u gksxh ;gk¡ rd fd nl fu'kkfu;k¡ t+kfgj
u gksa lwjt dk ex+fjc ls rqywv+ gksuk] nTtky
dk t+kfgj gksuk] vkSj nq[k+ku ;kuh /kqvk¡] nkCcrqy
vtZ+ ¼t+ehu ls fudyus okyk ,d tkuoj½ dk
fudyuk] [kqjwts ;ktwt ektwt] gt+jr bZlk
¼v+ySfgLlyke½ dh vken] vkSj rhu fu'kkfu;k¡
t+ehu dk /kaluk ,d e'kfjd+ esa vkSj ,d
ex+fjc esa vkSj ,d tt+hjk v+jc esa vkSj bu
lc fu'kkfu;ksa ds ckn ,d vkx iSnk gksxh tks
yksxksa dks ;eu ls fudkysxh vkSj gk¡d dj 'kke
dh rjQ+ ys tk;sxh fnu vkSj jkr esa tc yksx
vkjke dh [k+kfrj Bgjsaxs rks vkx Hkh Bgj
tk;sxh ¼eSnkus eg'kj 'kke dh t+ehu gksxh½A
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/425-g0&7285½
gt+jr v+CnqYykg fcu elÅ+n ¼jft+vYykgq

rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys vdje
¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k&
[38]
ik¡p okfd+v+kr xqt+j pqds gSa /kqvk¡ ¼tc eDdk esa

d++g~r iM+k rc vkneh vkleku dh rjQ+ ns[krk
Fkk rks e'kD+d+r dh otg ls mls vius vkSj
vkleku ds njfe;ku flQ+Z /kqavk¡ ut+j vkrk Fkk
vkSj ;s jlwys vdje ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySfg
olYye½ dh cn~nqv+k ds lcc Fkk x+yck&,&jkse]
pk¡n dk QVuk] l[+r fxj¶+r vkSj lt+k o d+Sn
¼tks x+t+o;s cnj esa okdS+v+ gqvk½
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&4/766-g0&4820½
bj'kkns ckjh rvkyk gS&
ml fnu dk bfUrt+kj djsa tc vkleku /kqavk¡
yk;sxkA ¼lw0&nq[k+ku&44/10½

rv+kyk v+Ugq½ dk ekSfd+Q+ ;s gS fd nq[k+ku dk
okfd+v+k xqt+j pqdk gS ysfdu nq[k+ku ¼/kqavk¡½ nks
gSa muesa ls ,d uch djhe ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk
v+ySfg olYye½ ds t+ekus esa xqt+j pqdk gS vkSj
nwljk d+;ker ds d+jhc t+kfgj gksxk tSlk fd
uch djhe ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½
dk Q+jeku gS fd d+;ker d+k;e u gksxh tc
rd fd rqe nl fu'kkfu;k¡ u ns[k yks vkSj
muesa /kq¡,sa vkSj nTtky dk Hkh ft+Ø fd;k gSA
[39]
bj'kkns ckjh rvkyk gS&

,s jc gels v+t+kc dks nwj djns ge t+#j
bZeku ys vk;saxsA ¼lw0&nq[k+ku&44/12½

rv+kyk v+Ugq½ Q+jekrs gSa fd tc dqjS'k us uch
djhe ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ dh
ukQ+jekuh dh rks vki ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk
v+ySfg olYye½ us cn~nqv+k Q+jekbZ fd ,s esjs
ijoj fnxkj buds f[k+ykQ+ esjh enn ,sls d+g~r
ds t+fj;s ls Q+jeka tSls fd ;wlqQ+ v+ySfgLlyke
ds t+ekus eas d+g~r iM+k Fkk rks vki ¼lYyYYkkgq
rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ dh cn~nqv+k ds urhts+ esa
mUgsa [kq'd lkyh us idM+ fy;k vkSj ,slk d+g~r
iM+k fd Hkwd dh otg ls yksx gfM~M;k¡ o eqnkZj
rd [kkus yxs vkSj tc yksx vkleku dh rjQ+
ns[krs Fks rks Hkwd vkSj Q+kd+s dh otg ls /kq¡,sa ds
flok mUgsa dqN Hkh ut+j ugha vkrk Fkk vkf[k+j
mUgksaus dgk ,s gekjs jc gels bl v+t+kc dks
nwj djns ge t+#j bZeku ys vk;saxs fQj vkils
dgk x;k fd vxj geus muls ;s v+t+kc nwj
dj fn;k rks oks fQj viuh igyh gkyr ij
vk tk;saxs fQj vki ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySfg
olYye½ us muds gd+ esa nqv+k Q+jekbZ rks oks
v+t+kc muls Vy x;k ysfdu oks fQj ls dq¶+j
o f'kdZ djus yxs pquk¡pk vYykg rckjd o
[40]
rv+kyk us cnj ds fnu muls bfUrd+ke fy;k

tSlk fd dqjku ethn eas bj'kkns ckjh rv+kyk gS
^^ftl fnu ge cM+h l[+r fxj¶+r djsaxs rks
¼ml fnu½ ge ;d+huu bfUrd+ke ys gh ysaxs**
¼lw0&nq[k+ku&44/16½
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&4/764-g0&4822½

v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd d+;ker dh ,d
fu'kkuh vkx gS tks yksxksa dks e'kfjd+ ls ex+fjc
dh tkfuc gk¡d dj ys tk;sxh vkSj lcls igyk
[k+kuk tks vgys tUur rukoqy djsaxs oks eNyh
ds ftxj ds lkFk c<+k gqvk VqdM+k gksxkA
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&3/508-g0&3329½
tkuoj eDdk ds d+jhc ls fudysxk

gt+jr cqjSnk ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls
fjok;r gS fd eSa uch vdje ¼lYyYYkkgq
rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ ds lkFk eDdk ds d+jhc
,d taxy esa Fkk ogk¡ [kq'd t+ehu Fkh vkSj
mlds bnZ fxnZ jsr Fkh fQj vki ¼lYyYYkkgq
rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k nkCcrqy
vtZ+ ¼t+ehu dk tkuoj½ bl txg ls fudysxk
oks txg rd+jhcu ,d ckfy'r FkhA
[41]

ls fjok;r gS gqtwj ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySfg
olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd ,d tkuoj uewnkj
gksxk mlds ikl gt+jr lqyseku ¼v+ySfgLlyke½
dh vaxwBh vkSj gt+jr ewlk ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ dk
vlk gksxk oks vlk ls eksfeu ds psgjs dks jkS'ku
djsxk vkSj vaxwBh ls dkfQ+j dh ukd ij fu'kku
yxk;sxk gRrk fd ,d txg yksx tekv+ gksaxs rks
,d dgsxk ,s eksfeu vkSj nwljk dgsxk ,s dkfQ++j
;kuh ,d nwljs dks fu'kku ls igpku ysaxs½
¼bCus ektk&lquu&3/322-g&4066½
&% t+ehu esa /kaluk] 'kDysa fcxM+uk

vkSj vkleku ls iRFkj cjluk %&
gt+jr bejku fcu gqlSu ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk
rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd bl
mEer ds vUnj t+ehu esa /kalus 'kDyssa fcxM+us
vkSj vkleku ls iRFkj cjlus dk v+t+kc
ukft+y gksxk rks fdlh lgkch us v+t+Z fd;k ;k
jlwyYykg ,slk dc gksxk rks vki ¼lYyYYkkgq
rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd tc xkus
vkSj ukpus okyh vkSjrsa vkSj xkus ctkus dk
lkeku v+ke gks tk;sxk vkSj tc 'kjkcsa ljs
v+ke ih tk;saxh ¼bCus ektk&lquu-3/320-g&4059½
¼frfeZt+h&lquu&1/102-g0-2212 o 2/78-g0&2185½
[42]

v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd ,s vul cs'kd
yksx 'kgj vkckn djsaxs vkSj mu 'kgjksa esa ,d
'kgj ,slk gS ftls cljk dgk tk;sxk il vxj
rqe mlds ikl ls xqt+jks ;k mlesa nkf[k+y gks rks
mldh flck[k+ ¼dyjt+nk] jrwcr okyh t+ehu½
ls cpdj jguk vkSj mldh dYyk ¼txg dk
uke½ ls nwj jguk vkSj mlds ckt+kjksa vkSj
mlds vEjk ds njokt+ksa ls Hkh cpuk vkSj rqe
ij ykft+e gS fd mlds vrjkQ+ o taxyksa dh
rjQ+ jq[k djuk blfy;s fd fcyk 'kqck ml
t+ehu esa /kalus o iRFkj cjlus vkSj t+yt+ys
v+t+kc dh 'kDy esa okdS+v+ gksaxs vkSj ogk¡ ,sls
yksx Hkh gksaxs tks ¼'kke dks lgh lyker gksaxs
exj½ lqcg dks cUnj vkSj lqvj cu pqds gksaxsA
gt+jr v+CnqYykg fcu lQ+oku c;ku djrs gSa

fd mEeqy eksfeuhu l¸;nk g¶+lk ¼jft+vYykgq
rv+kyk v+Ugk½ us eq>s crk;k fd eSaus uch
djhe ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ ls
lquk gS fd ,d y'dj ml ?kj ;kuh [k+kuk ,
dkv+ck dks fxjkus dk bjknk djsxk rks vgys
eDdk mlls yM+saxs fQj tc oks y'dj ed+kes
cSnkv+ esa igq¡psxk rks lc yksx t+ehu esa /kal
tk;saxs vkSj dksbZ Hkh u cpsxk flok;s ,d d+kfln
[43]
ds tks mudk gky crk;sxkA

¼cq[+kkjh&lgh&2/504-g0&2118½
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/408-g0&7240½
¼ulkbZ&lquu&2/267-g0&2884½
&% nhxj d+kSesa eqlyekuksa dks

feVkus dh lkft'k djsaxh %&
v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd oks oD+r d+jhc
gS fd tc nhxj vd+oke rqEgsa feVkus ds fy;s
¼feydj lkft+'k djsaxh vkSj½ ,d nwljs dks bl
rjg cqyk,saxh tSls nLrj[+oku ij [kkuk [kkus
okys ¼yt+ht+½ [kkus dh rjQ+ ,d nwljs dks
cqykrs gSa fdlh us v+t+Z fd;k ;k jlwyYykg D;k
ml oD+r gekjh rkv+nkn de gksus dh otg ls
gekjk ;s gky gksxk rks vki ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk
v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k ugha cfYd rqe ml
oD+r dlhj rkv+nkn esa gksxs vycRRkk ml oDr
rqe lSykc dh >kx dh rjg ukdkjk gksxs vkSj
vYykg rv+kyk rqEgkjs nq'euksa ds fny ls rqEgkjk
jksv+c o ncnck fudky nsxk vkSj rqEgkjs fnyksa
esa cqt+fnyh Mky nsxk il lgkck&fdjke us v+t+Z
fd;k ;k jlwyYykg cqt+fnyh ls D;k eqjkn gS rks
[44]
vki ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us

Q+jek;k fd nqfu;k¡ ls eqgCcr vkSj ekSr ls
cst+kjh o djkgrA
¼vgen fcu gEcy&vy eqLun&5/278-g0&2245½
eqlyekuksa dh rqdksZ ls tax dk gksuk

oD+r rd u vk;sxh tc rd fd eqlyekukssa dh
rqdksZ ls tax u gks tk;s vkSj ;s ,sls yksx gksaxs
fd buds psgjs <+kyksa dh ekfUun gksaxs ftu ij
peM+k oxS+jkg yxk;k x;k gks vkSj mudk fyckl
ckyksa dk gksxkA ¼ulkbZ&lquu&2/368-g0&3182½

oD+r rd ugha vk;sxh tc rd fd rqe ,d
d+kSe ls tax u dj yks ftuds twrs ckyksa ds gksaxs
vkSj d+;ker ml oD+r rd d+k;e u gksxh tc
rd rqe ,d dkSe ls tax u dj yks ftudh
vk¡[ksa NksVh vkSj ukdas piVh gksaxhA
[45]
gt+jr v+CnqYykg fcu cqjSnk vius okfyn ls

c;ku djrs gSa fd ljojs dk;ukr ¼lYyYYkkgq
rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd ,d
d+kSe rqels tax djsxh ftudh vk¡[ksa NksVh&NksVh
gksaxh ;kuh rqdksZa ls vkSj rqe mUgsa rhu ckj
/kdsyksxs gRrk fd tt+hjk v+jc ds fdukjs ij
igq¡pk nksxs igyh nQ+k /kdsyus esa muesa ls tks
Hkkx tk;saxs oks futkr ik tk;saxs nwljh nQ+k esa
dqN cp tk;saxs vkSj dqN gykd gks tk;saxs
ysfdu rhljh ckj esa mudk lQ+k;k dj fn;k
tk;sxkA
gt+jr v+CnqYykg fcu m+ej ¼jft+vYykgq

rv+kyk v+Ugqek½ ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys vdje
fd rqe ;gwn ls yM+ksxs vkSj mUgsa ejksxs ;gk¡ rd
fd iRFkj cksysxk ,s eqlyeku ;s ;gwnh gS bldks
ekj Mkyks ¼;s d+;ker ds d+jhc gksxk½
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/436-g0&7335½
&% d+;ker cgqr ut+nhd gS %&
gt+jr lg~y fcu lkv+n ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk
rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd eSa vkSj
d+;ker bl d+nj ut+nhd Hksts x;s gSa fd vki
[46]
¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us viuh

nks m¡xfy;ksa ls b'kkjk Q+jek;k fQj mudks QSyk
fn;kA ¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&6/85-g0&6503½
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/465-g0&7403½
&% d+;ker ls d+Cy reke vgys

bZeku dh vjokg dk d+Ct+ gksuk %&
v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd vYykg rv+kyk
d+;ker ds ut+nhd eqYd+s ;eu ls ,d ,slh gok
pyk;sxk tks js'ke ls T+;knk eqyk;e gksxh vkSj
mlesa eq'd tSlh [kq'cw gksxh fQj ;s gok ftlds
fny esa jRrh ;k nkus cjkcj Hkh bZeku gksxk
mldh #g d+Ct+ dj ysxh ¼vkSj fQj cndkj o
dq¶+Q+kj yksx gh jg tk;saxs ftu ij d+;ker
d+k;e gksxh½
¼eqfLye&lgh&5/181-g0&4957½
gt+jr vk;'kk fln~nhd+k ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk

v+Ugk½ ls fjok;r gS fd uch vdje ¼lYyYYkkgq
d+k;e u gksxh tc rd fd ykr o mT+t+k fQj
ls u iwtas tk;s ¼;s nksauksa cqr t+ekuk tkgfy;r
ds Fks½ uht Q+jek;k d+;ker ds d+jhc vYykg
[47]
rv+kyk ,d ikdht+k gok Hkstsxk ftl dh otg

ls gj eksfeu ej tk;sxk vksj oks yksx ckd+h
jg tk;saxs ftueas HkykbZ ugha gS fQj oks yksx
vius ¼eq'kfjd½ cki nknkvkas ds nhu ij ykSV
tk;saxsA ¼eqfLye&lgh&6/429-g0&7299½
&% d+;ker vpkud okd+Sv+ gksxh %&

oD+r rd d+k;e u gksxh ;gk¡ rd fd lwjt
ex+fjc ls rqywv+ u gks vkSj tc lwjt ex+fjc
ls rqywv+ gksxk vkSj lc yksx mls ns[k ysaxs rkss
lc ds lc bZeku ys vk;saxs ;gh oks oD+r gksxk
tc fdlh ds fy;s mldk bZeku uQ+k u nsxk
uht+ Q+jek;k fd d+;ker bl d+nj tYn vk
tk;sxh fd nks vknfe;ksa us diM+k [kksyk gksxk
ysfdu oks [k+jhn o Q+jks[+r u dj ldsaxs vkSj
u gh oks mls yisV ldsaxs vkSj d+;ker d+k;e
gks tk;sxh tcfd ,d vkneh viuh Å¡Vuh dk
nw/k ysdj vk jgk gksxk exj oks mls ih u
ldsxk vkSj d+;ker bl gky esa vk;sxh fd ,d
'k[+l viuk gkSt+ rS;kj dk jgk gksxk ysfdu oks
mlls ikuh u ih ldsxk vkSj d+;ker vk
tk;sxh vkSj ,d vkneh viuk yqD+ek vius eq¡g
dh rjQ+ mBk;sxk exj oks mls [kk u ldsxk&
[48]
vkSj d+;ker d+k;e gks tk;sxhA

¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&6/86-g0&6506½
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/466-g0&7413½
&% tc vekur t+k;k dh tk;s
rks d+;ker ds eqfUrt+j jgks %&
v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd tc vekur
t+k;k dh tk;s vkSj bZekunkjh nqfu;k¡ ls mB
tk;s rks d+;ker d+k;e gksus dk bfUrt+kj djks
rks v+t+Z fd;k x;k ;k jlwyYykg vekur fdl
rjg t+k;k dh tk;sxh vkSj bZekunkjh mBus dk
D;k eryc gS rks vki ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk
v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd tc gqdwer ds
dkjksckj o ft+Eesnkfj;ksa ds dke vkSj eqv+keykr
tc uk yk;d vkSj uk vgy yksxksa ds lqiqnZ
dj fn;s tk;sa rks d+;ker dk bfUrt+kj djksA
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&1/148-g0&106½
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&6/80-g0&6496½
cqjs yksxksa dk jqrck cqyUn vkSj usd

yksxksa dk jqrck fxjk fn;k tk;sxk
[49]

fd d+;ker dh fu'kkfu;ksa esa ls ;s Hkh gS fd
eqv+k'kjs esa cqjs yksxksa dk jqrck cqyUn vkSj usd
yksxksa dk jqrck fxjk fn;k tk;sxk vkSj cgl o
equkt+js v+ke gks tk;saxs vkSj v+ey ij rkys iM+
tk;saxs vkSj yksxksa esa eLukg i<+h tk;sxh vkSj
muesa ls dksbZ ,d Hkh mldk bUdkj ¼;kuh mlds
f[k+ykQ+ vkokt+ cqyUn½ ugha djsxk lgkck&fdjke
us v+t+Z fd;k ;k jlwyYykg ;s eLukg D;k gS
rks vki ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us
Q+jek;k vYykg rv+kyk dh fdrkc ¼vkSj mldh
rkv+yhekr ds f[k+ykQ+½ tks dqN Hkh fy[kk x;k
gksxk oks eLukg gSA
¼gkfde&vy eqLrnjd&4/597-g0&8660½
¼etemTt+okbn&7/326½

rv+kyk v+Ugqek½ ls fjok;r gS fd ,d fnu ge
gqtwj ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ dh
f[kner esa cSBs Fks fd vki ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk
v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd vtufc;ksa dks
eqckjd ckn gks lgkck&fdjke us v+t+Z fd;k ;k&
jlwyYykg vtuch dkSu gSa rks vki ¼lYyYYkkgq
rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd cgqr
T+;knk cqjs yksxksa esa oks usd yksx tks eqv+k'kjs esa
cnh o 'kj ds x+ycs ds ckoqtwn gd+ o usdh ij
bfLrd+ker ls d+k;e jgsaxs o mudh eq[k+kfyQ+r&
[50]
djus okyksa dh rkv+nkn dlhj gksxh vkSj budh

rkv+nkn d+yhy gksxh ¼eqjkn ;s fd ;s ,slk nkSj
gksxk ftlesa nhu ij v+ey djus okys yksx
eqv+k'kjs esa vtuch yxsaxs½
¼rcjkuh&eqv+te vkSlr&9/14g0&-8986½
¼eqLun vgen&2/177-g0-665 o 2/222-g0-7072½
¼nSyeh&eqLun vy fQjnkSl&2/449-g0-3937½
&% gqDejkuksa dk t+qYe c<+uk vkSj

jkg xqt+j ij cndkjh v+ke gksuk %&
gt+jr vcw t+j fxQ+kjh ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk
rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd tc
t+ekuk d+;ker ds d+jhc gksxk rks js'ke dljr
ls iguk tk;sxk vkSj frtkjr c<+ tk;sxh vkSj
eky dh dljr gksxh vkSj eky dk lwn vly
eky ls c<+ tk;sxk vkSj Qqg~gk'kh c<+ tk;sxh
vkSj de mez ds yksxksa dh gqdwer gksxh vkSj
v+kSjrksa dh dljr gksxh vkSj gqDejkuks dk tqYe
c<+ tk;sxk o uki rkSy esa deh dh tk;sxh vkSj
vkneh vius dqRrs ds fiYys dh fuxsgckuh vius
csVs ls c<+dj djsxk cM+ksa dh bT+t+r ugha dh
tk;sxh o NksVksa ij 'kQ+d+r ugha dh tk;sxh vkSj
cndkjh ls iSnk gksus okys cPpksa dh dljr gksxh
[51]
;gk¡ rd fd enZ v+kSjr ds lkFk yksxksa dh xqt+j

xkgksa esa gh cndkjh djus yxsxk vkSj ml t+ekus
esa tks csgrj 'k[+l gksxk oks muls dgsxk rqEgkjh
csg;kbZ dh bfUrgk¡ ;s gS fd rqe jkLrs ls gVuk
Hkh xokjk ugha djrs ml t+ekus esa HksfM+;s dk
fny j[kus okyksa us HksM+ dh [kky igu j[kh
gksxh ¼;kuh yksx ckgj ls uje fet+kt vkSj
vUnj ls t+kfye o [k¡w[kkj gksaxs½
&% t+ehu tgkyr ls Hkj tk;sxh
vkSj f'kn~nr c<+rh gh tk;sxh %&
oD+r rd d+k;e u gksxh tc rd fd t+ehu
tgkyr ls u Hkj tk;sA

fjok;r gS fd gqtwj ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySfg
olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd nqfu;k¡ esa f'kn~nr c<+rh
gh tk;sxh vkSj nqfu;k¡ esa bnckj ¼cnulhch]
ugwlr] raxnLrh] ft+Yyr½ c<+rh gh tk;sxh vkSj
[52]
yksx c[+khy ls c[k+hy rj gksrs gh tk;saxs vkSj

d+;ker cnrjhu vQ+jkn ij d+k;e gksxh vkSj
dq+cZs d+;ker gt+jr esagnh v+ySfgLlyke ds ckn
dkfey fgnk;r ;k¶+rk 'k[+l flQ+Z gt+jr bZlk
¼v+ySfgLlyke½ gksaxsA
&% dk'k eSa d+cz okys dh txg gksrk %&

v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd ml t+kr dh
d+le ftlds d+Ct+s dqnjr esa esjh tku gS fd
nqfu;k¡ ml oD+r rd [+kRe u gksxh ;gk¡ rd fd
enZ d+cz ds ikl ls xqt+jsxk rks ml ij yksV&
iksV gksxk vkSj dgsxk ,s dk'k eSa bl d+cz okys
dh txg esa gksrk vkSj ;s nhu vkSj bZeku dh
otg ls u gksxk cfYd nqfu;k¡oh elkbcks vkyke
¼l[+r eqlhcrksa o ijs'kkfu;ksa½ dh otg ls gksxkA
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&6/406-g0&7115½
&% dksbZ Hkh lwn ls egQwt+ u jgsxk %&

v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd ;d+huu yksxksa&
[53]
ij ,slk nkSj Hkh vk;sxk fd tc dksbZ 'k[+l Hkh

lwn ls egQwwt+ u jgsxk vxj fdlh us cjkgs&
jkLr lwn u Hkh [kk;k gks rc Hkh lwn dk cq[k+kj
;k Hkki mldks igq¡psxh vkSj ,d fjok;r ds
eqrkfcd+ lwn dk xqckj mls cgj lwjr igq¡p dj
jgsxkA ¼vcw nkÅn&lquu&4/647-g0&3331½
¼ulkbZ&lquu&6/250-g0&4461½
&% Q+jkr esa lksus dk igkM+ fudysxk %&

oD+r rd d+k;e u gksxh tc rd fd nfj;k&,&
Q+jkr esa ls lksus dk igkM+ u fudys vkSj yksx
ml ij ckge ,d nwljs dk d+Ry djsaxs pquk¡pk
gj lkS esa ls 99 ekjs tk;saxsA
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/418-g0&7272½

ls fjok;r gS jlwys vdje ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk
v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd v+ud+jhc nfj;k
&,&Q+jkr ls lksus dk [k+t+kuk t+kfgj gksxk vkSj&
[54]
rqeesa ls tks dksbZ ogk¡ ekStwn gks oks ml esa ls

dqN Hkh u ysA ¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&6/408-g0&7119½
&% nfjUns bUlkuksa ls ckr djsaxs %&

rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd d+le gS
ml t+kr dh ftlds d+Cts+ dqnjr esa esjh tku gS
fd d+;ker d+k;e u gksxh tc rd fd nfjUns
bUlkukas ls ckr u djus yxs vkSj tc rd fd
vkneh ls mlds twrs dk rLek dyke u djs
vkSj mldh jku mldks [k+cj nsxh ml u;s dke
ls fd mldh choh us mlds ihNs D;k D;k fd;k
;kuh mldh x+hcr esaA
&% gj ckn esa vkus okyk lky

igys lky ls cnrj gksxk %&
rktnkjs dk;ukr ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySfg
olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd gj ckn esa vkus okyk
lky igys lky ls cnrj gksxkA
[55]
d+qcsZ d+;ker gj [+okc lPpk gksxk

v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k tc t+ekuk ;Dlk
gks tk;s ¼;kuh tc fnu jkr cjkcj gks tk;sas½
rc d+;ker d+jhc vk tk;sxh vkSj ml oD+r
eqlyeku dk gj [+okc lPpk gksxk vkSj rqeesa
ls lc ls lPpk [+okc mlh dk gksxk tks ckrksa
esa lcls lPpk gksxk vkSj eqlyeku dk [+okc
ucwor ds iSrkyhal fgLlkas esa ls ,d fgLlk gS
vkSj [+okc rhu rjg ds gksrs gSa ,d rks vPNk
[+okc tks vYykg dh rjQ+ ls [kq'k[k+cjh gksrh
gS vkSj nwljk cqjk [+okc tks 'kSrku dh rjQ+ ls
gksrk gS vkSj rhljk oks [+okc tks flQ+Z fny dk
[+;ky gksrk gS vkSj tc rqeesa ls dksbZ cqjk
[+okc ns[ks rks [kM+k gks vkSj uekt i<+s vkSj
vkSj ml cqjs [+okc dks yksxksa ls c;ku u djsA
¼eqfLye&lgh&5/400-g0&5905½
[56]
&% eq[+rfyQ+ v+ykekr %&

oD+r rd d+k;e u gksxh tc rd fd nks cM+h
tekv+rs ckge l[+r yM+kbZ u djs vkSj mu
nksaukas tekv+rksa ds njfe;ku cM+h [kw¡jsat+ yM+kbZ
gksxh gkyk¡fd nksuksa dk nkv+ok ,d gh gksxk vkSj
rhl ds d+jhc >wBs nTtky t+kfgj gksaxs muesa ls
gj ,d dk nkv+ok ;s gksxk fd oks vYykg dk
jlwy gS vkSj ;gk¡ rd fd b+Ye mBk fy;k
tk;sxk vkSj t+yt+yksa dh dljr gksxh uht+
t+ekuk d+jhc gks tk;sxk vkSj fQ+Ruksa dk t+gwj
gksxk vkSj gtZ ;kuh d+Ry o [kw¡jsat+h v+ke gksxh
vkSj ;gk¡ rd fd rqees eky dh dljr gksxh
gRrk fd oks cg iM+sxk ;gk¡ rd fd ekynkj dks
bl ckr dh fQ+Ø gksxh fd mldk ln~d+k dkSu
dqcwy djsxk vkSj ekynkj viuk ln~d+k fdlh
dks is'k djsxk rks oks dgsxk fd eq>s bldh
t+#jr ugha vkSj ;gk¡ rd fd yksx cM+s cM+s
egYykr ij Q+[+j djasxs vkSj ;gk¡ rd fd
vkneh nwljs dh d+cz ds ikl ls xqt+jsxk rks
dgsxk dk'k eSa bl d+cz esa gksrk vkSj ;gk¡ rd
fd lwjt ex+fjc ls rqywv+ gksxk vkSj yksx mls
ns[k ysaxs rks lc bZeku ys vk;saxs vkSj ;s oks&
[57]
oD+r gksxk tc fdlh ,sls 'k[+l dk bZeku ykuk

mls uQ+k ugha nsxk tks blls igys bZeku ugha
yk;k Fkk ;k mlus vius bZeku ds lkFk vPNs
v+ey u fd;s Fks vkSj fcyk 'kqck d+;ker
vpkud bl rjg d+k;e gksxh dh nks vknfe;ksa
us vius njfe;ku diM+k QSyk j[kk gksxk exj
oks mldh [k+jhn o Q+jks[+r u dj ldsaxs vkSj u
gh mls yisV ik;saxs vkSj d+;ker bl rjg cjik
gksxh fd vkneh viuh Å¡Vuh dk nw/k ysdj
vius ?kj dh rjQ+ ykSVsxk exj ml nw/k dks ih
u ldsxk vkSj d+;ker bl rjg d+k;e gksxh fd
vkneh viuk gkSt+ rS;kj dj jgk gksxk exj oks
mlls ikuh u ih ldsxk vkSj ;d+huu d+;ker
bl rjg d+k;e gksxh fd ,d vkneh us vius
eq¡g dh rjQ+ yqD+ek mBk;k gksxk exj oks mls
[kk u ldsxkA
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&6/408-g0&7121½
gt+jr v+CnqYykg fcu elÅn ¼jft+vYykgq

rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls fjok;r gS fd uch vdje
fd cs'kd d+;ker ds vklkj ;s gSa fd vkSykn
¼ukQ+jekuh ds lcc okfynSu ds fy;s½ x+e o
x+qLls dk ckbl gksxh vkSj ckfj'k ds ckoqtwn
xehZ gksxh vkSj cndkjkas dk rwQ+ku cjik gksxk
vkSj >wBs dks lPpk vkSj lPps dks >wBk le>k
tk;sxk vkSj [k+;kur djus okyks dks vehu vkSj
[58]
vehu dks [k+;kur djus okyk cryk;k tk;sxk

vkSj csxkuksa ls rkv+Yyqd+ tksM+k tk;sxk vkSj
[kwuh fj'rksa ls rkv+Yyqd+ rksM+k tk;sxk vkSj gj
d+chys dh d+;knr mlds equkfQ+d+ksa ds gkFkksa esa
gksxh vkSj gj ckt+kj dh d+;knr cnek'kksa ds
gkFkksa ls gksxh vkSj efLtnsa ltk;h tk;saxh vkSj
fny chjku gksaxs vkSj eksfeu ¼usd o n;kurnkj
'k[+l½ HksM+ cdjh ls T+;knk gd+hj le>k tk;sxk
vkSj enZ enksZa ls vkSj v+kSjrsa v+kSjrksa ls ftUlh
rkv+Yyqd+ djsxh vkSj efLtnsa cgqr T+;knk vkSj
muds feEcj vkyh'kku gksaxs vkSj nqfu;k¡ ds
ohjkuksa dks vkckn vkSj vkckfn;ksa dks ohjku
fd;k tk;sxk vkSj xkus ctkus dk lkeku v+ke
gksxk vkSj 'kjkc uks'kh dh dljr gksxh vkSj
eq[+rfyQ+ vd+lke dh 'kjkcsa ih tk;saxh vkSj
eqv+k'kjs esa iqfylokyksa] pqx+yh djus okyksa vkSj
rkv+uk ckt+ksa dh rkv+nkn cgqr T+;knk gksxh
vkSj uktkbt+ cPpksa dh foyknr dljr ls gksxh
¼rcjkuh&eqv+te dchj&10/221-g0&10,556½
[59]
&% nTtky dk c;ku %&
ljojs dk;ukr ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySfg

olYye½ us bj'kkn Q+jek;k fd vkne ds oD+r
ls ysdj d+;ker rd ¼'kj o Q+lkn esa½ nTtky
ls cM+k dksbZ fQ+Ruk ugha gSA
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/463-g0&7395½
nTtky dkuk gksxk vkSj mldh vk¡[kksa

ds njfe;ku dkfQ+j fy[kk gksxk
gt+jr v+CnqYykg fcu m+ej ¼jft+vYykgq
fd nTtky dkuk gksxk vkSj mldh nksauksa vk¡[kksa
ds njfe;ku esa y¶+ts+ dkfQ+j fy[kk gksxk exj
tks 'k[+l mldks o mlds djrwr dks cqjk tkusxk
oks bl y¶+t+ dks i<+ ysxk ;kuh ogh yksx mlds
dq¶+j ls vkxkg gksaxs tks mlds v+ey ls cst+kj
gksaxsA ¼frfeZt+h&lquu&2/117-g0&2235½
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&6/412-g0&7123½
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/446-g0&7365½
gt+jr m+cknk fcu lkfer ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk

rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd nTtky&
[60]
fBxus d+n okyk] ckgj fudyh gqbZ fi.Mfy;ksa

okyk vkSj cgqr ?kq¡?kjkys ckyksa okyk gksxk vkSj
oks ,d vk¡[k ls dkuk gksxk tks fd u feVh gqbZ
gksxh vkSj u mHkjh gqbZ gksxh vkSj u xgjh gksxh
fQj Hkh rqEgsa dksbZ 'kqck gks rks ;kn j[kuk fd
rqEgkjk jc dkuk ugha gSA

fjok;r gS uch djhe ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySfg
olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd dksbZ uch ,slk ugha
xqt+jk ftlus viuh mEer dks dkus o >wBs
nTtky ls Mjk;k u gks [k+cjnkj jgks nTtky
dkuk gS vkSj rqEgkjk ijoj fnxkj dkuk ugha gS
vkSj mldh nksauksa vk¡[kksa ds njfe;ku dkfQ+j
fy[kk gksxkA
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/446-g0&7363½
&% nTtky ds gkFk esa nks ugjsa gksaxha%&

gt+jr gqt+SQ+k ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls
v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd nTtky ds lkFk
nks cgrh gqbZ ugjsa gksaxh muesa ls ,d ns[kus esa
lQs+n ikuh lh ekywe gksxh vkSj nwljh ns[kus esa
HkM+drh gqbZ vkx ekywe gksxh fQj tks dksbZ Hkh
[61]
;s ekSd+kv+ ik;s vkSj mls ns[ks rks oks ml ugj

esa pyk tk;s tks ns[kus esa vkx ekv+ywe gksrh gks
vkSj viuh vk¡[k cUn dj ys vkSj lj >qdkdj
ml vkx okyh ugj esa ls fi;s vly esa oks
B.Mk ikuh gksxk ¼vkSj oks ugj tks ns[kus esa
lQs+n ikuh ekywe gksxh oks vly esa HkM+drh
gqbZ vkx gksxh½ vkSj nTtky dh ,d vk¡[k
fcYdqy cUn gksxh vkSj mldh nksaukas vk¡[kksa ds
njfe;ku dkfQ+j fy[kk gksxk ftldks gj eksfeu
i<+ ysxk [+okg oks fy[kuk i<+uk tkurk gks ;k
u tkurk gksA
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/447-g0&7367½

v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd tc nTtky
fudysxk rks mlds lkFk ikuh vkSj vkx gksxh rks
ftldks yksx ikuh le>saxs oks vly esa tykus
okyh vkx gksxh vkSj ftldks oks vkx le>saxs
oks vly esa ehBk vkSj ikdht+k ikuh gksxk fQj
tks dksbZ rqeesa ls mls ik;s rks mls pkfg;s fd
tks vkx ekv+ywe gks mlesa fxj iM+sA
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/447-g0&7370½
[62]

v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd nTtky ck¡;h
vk¡[k ls dkuk gksxk mlds lj ij cgqr T+;knk
cky gksaxs vkSj mlds lkFk ,d tUur vkSj ,d
nkst+[k+ gksxh ysfdu mldh tUur ¼vly esa½
nkst+[k+ gksxh vkSj mldh nkst+[k+ ¼vly esa½
tUur gksxhA

v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd D;k eSa rqEgsa
nTtky ds eqrkv+fYyd+ ,slh [k+cj u nw¡ tks
fdlh uch us vkt rd viuh d+kSe dks u crkbZ
gks fQj vki ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½
us Q+jek;k fd cs'kd oks dkuk gS vkSj oks vius
lkFk tUur o nkst+[k+ dh 'kch; Hkh yk;sxk nj
gd+hd+r ftls oks tUur dgsxk oks vkx gksxh
vkSj ftldks oks tgUuqe dgsxk oks njvly
tUur gksxh uht+ Q+jek;k fd eSa rqEgsa mlls
[k+cjnkj djrk gw¡ ftl rjg uwg ¼v+ySfgLlyke½
us viuh d+kSe dks mlls Mjk;k FkkA
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&3/514-g0&3338½
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/448-g0&7372½
[63]
nTtky enhus ds d+jhc ,d 'k[+l

dks ekjsxk fQj mls ft+Unk djsxk

rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd nTTkky
ij enhuk esa ?kqluk gjke gksxk vkSj oks enhus
dh iFkjhyh t+ehu ds d+jhc vk;sxk rks mlds
ikl ,d 'k[+l tk;sxk tks yksxksa esa csgrj gksxk
oks dgsxk eSa xokgh nsrk gw¡ fd rw nTtky gS
ftldk ft+Ø gqtwj ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olYye½ us fd;k Fkk fQj nTtky yksxksa ls
dgsxk vxj eSa bldks ekj Mkyw¡ vkSj fQj ft+Unk
dj nw¡ rks D;k fQj Hkh rqe esjs eqv+keys esa 'kd
djksxs oks dgsaxs ugha rks oks mls d+Ry djsxk fQj
mls ft+Unk djsxk fQj oks ft+Unk gqvk 'k[+l
dgsxk d+le [kqnk dh eq>s igys bruk ;d+hu u
Fkk ftruk fd vc gS fd rw ;d+huu nTtky gS
fQj nTtky mldks nksckjk d+Ry djuk pkgsxk
ysfdu d+Ry u dj ldsxkA
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/453-g0&7375½

rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd nTtky
fudysxk rks eksfeuhu esa ls ,d 'k[+l ls nTtky
[64]
ds fxjksg ds dqN yksx feysaxs oks mlls dgsaxs fd

dgk¡ dk bjknk gS rks oks dgsxk fd eSa mldh
rjQ+ dk bjknk j[krk gw¡ ftldk [kqjwt gqvk gS
rks oks mlls dgsaxs rks D;k rqe gekjs ekfyd
¼nTtky½ ij bZeku ugha yk;s gks rks oks dgsxk
fd gekjk ekfyd Nqik gqvk ugha gS fQj nTtky
ds yksx dgsaxs fd bls ekj Mkyks fQj oks vkil
esa xq¶+rxw djsaxs vkSj dgsaxs fd gekjs ekfyd
¼nTtky½ us rks fdlh dks ekjus ls eukv+ fd;k
gS tc rd fd mlds lkeus u ys tk;sa fQj
ml 'k[+l dks nTtky ds ikl ys tk;saxs fQj
tc oks 'k[+l nTtky dks ns[ksxk rks dgsxk ,s
yksxksa ;s rks nTtky gS ftldh [k+cj gesa gqtwj
¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us nh Fkh
fQj nTtky vius yksxksa dks gqDe

nsxk fd bldk lj QksM+k tk;s vkSj ml eksfeu
'k[+l ds isV vkSj ihB ij Hkh ekj iM+sxh fQj
nTtky mlls iwNsxk fd rw esjs Åij ;d+hu ugha
djrk ¼;kuh esjh [kqnkbZ ij½ rks oks dgsxk fd
rw >wBk elhg gS fQj nTtky gqDe nsxk fd
bldks phj nks fQj oks 'k[+l lj ls ik¡o rd
vkjs ls phjk tk;sxk ;gk¡ rd fd mlds nks
VqdM+s gks tk;saxs fQj nTtky mu nksuksa VqdM+ksa ds
chp esa tk;sxk vkSj dgsxk mB [kM+k gks rks oks
'k[+l ¼ft+Unk gksdj½ lh/kk mB [kM+k gks tk;sxk
fQj nTtky ml 'k[+l ls iwNsxk fd vc rw esjs
[65]
Åij bZeku yk;k gS rks oks 'k[+l dgsxk fd eq>s

rks vkSj T+;knk ;d+hu gks x;k fd rw nTtky gS
fQj nTtky yksxksa ls dgsxk yksxksa vc eSa fdlh
vkSj ds lkFk ;s dke ugha dj ldrk ;kuh vc
fdlh dks ft+Unk ugha dj ldrk fQj nTtky
ml 'k[+l dks ft+Cgk djus ds fy;s idMs+xk
ysfdu oks xys ls ysdj glyh rd rk¡cs dk cu
tk;sxk vkSj oks ml 'k[+l dks nksckjk ft+Cgk u
dj ldsxk fQj nTtky ml 'k[+l dks idM+dj
vkx esa Qsad nsxk vkSj yksx le>saxs fd mls
vkx esa Qsad fn;k x;k gS gkyk¡fd oks tUur esa
Mkyk tk;sxk vki ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd oks 'k[+l vYykg ds
;gk¡ lc yksxksa ls T+;knk 'kghn gSA
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/453-g0&7377½
nTtky ds lkFk lRrj gt+kj ;gwnh gksaxsa

v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd lRrj gt+kj
;gwnh nTtky ds iSjksdkj gks tk;saxs tks fl;kg
jax dh pknjsa vks<+s gksaxsA
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/463-g0&7392½
[66]
gt+jr vcw cØ fln~nhd+ ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk

rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd nTTkky
e'kfjd+ ds ,d bykd+s ls fudysxk ftldk uke
[kqjklku gS mlds lkFk ,sls yksx gksaxs ftuds
psgjs xks;k rS ck rS <kysa gksa ¼;kuh psgjs piVs o
iqj xksLr gksaxs½ ¼frfeZt+h&lquu&2/118-g0&2237½
&% nTtky enhus esa nkf[k+y u gksxk %&

v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k nTtky e'kfjd+ dh
tkfuc ls vk;sxk ;gk¡ rd fd oks mgn igkM+
ds ihNs mrjsxk vkSj mldk bjknk enhus esa
nkf[k+y gksus dk gksxk exj Q+fj'rs mldk eq¡g
ogha ls 'kke dh rjQ+ Qsj nsaxs vkSj ogha oks
rckg gks tk;sxkA ¼eqfLye&lgh&3/386-g0&3351½

v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd enhuk r¸;ck
ds njokt+ksa ij Q+fj'rs igjk nsaxs ;gk¡ u rks
rkÅu nkf[k+y gksxk vkSj u nTtky vk;sxkA
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&2/385-g0&1880½
¼eqfLye&lgh&3/386-g0&3350½
[67]

v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd tc nTtky
enhus ds d+jhc vk;sxk rks Q+fj'rksa dks ik;sxk
fd oks enhus dh fgQ+kt+r dj jgs gksaxs il
nTtky enhus esa nkf[k+y u gks ldsxkA
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&6/410-g0&7125½

v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd gj 'kgj esa
nTtky dk xqt+j gksxk exj eDdk eqdjZek vkSj
enhuk r¸;ck esa ugha vk;sxk D;ksafd buds reke
jkLrksa ij Q+fj'rs lQ+ cLrk igjk nsaxs fQj
enhuk r¸;ck vius edhuks dks rhu ckj [kwc
t+ksj ls fgyk;sxk ;gk¡ rd fd vYykg rv+kyk
gj dkfQ+j o equkfQ+d+ dks enhus ls fudky nsxk
vkSj enhus eas flQ+Z eksfeuhu ckd+h jg tk;saxsA
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&2/385-g0&1881½
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/463-g0&7390½
&% rhl >wBs nTtky iSnk gksaxs %&

v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd d+;ker d+k;e&
[68]
u gksxh ;gk¡ rd fd rhl ds d+jhc >wBs nTtky

iSnk gksaxs vkSj muesa ls gj ,d ;s dgsxk fd eSa
vYykg dk jlwy gw¡A
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/437-g0&7342½

fjok;r gS uch djhe ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySfg
olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd d+;ker ml oD+r rd
d+k;e u gksxh tc rd fd esjh mEer ds dqN
d+ckby eq'kfjdksa ds lkFk u fey tk;s vkSj dqN
d+chys cqrksa dh b+cknr u djus yxas vkSj v+u&
d+jhc esjh mEer esa dT+t+kc o >wBs yksx t+kfgj
gksaxs mudh rkv+nkn rhl gksxh vkSj mu esa ls
gj ,d dk nkv+ok gksxk fd oks uch gSa gkyk¡fd
eSa vkf[k+jh uch gw¡ vkSj esjs ckn dksbZ uch ugha
vkSj esjh mEer dk ,d fxjksg gd+ ij jgsxk
vkSj mudk dksbZ eq[k+kfyQ+ mudk dqN u fcxkM+
ldsxk ;gk¡ rd fd vYykg dk Q+Slyk vk tk;s
vkSj eq>s viuh mEer ij xqejkg bekeksa dk
[k+kSQ+ gSA ¼vcw nkÅn&lquu&5/265-g0&4252½
&% uqtwy , bZlk ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ vkSj

d+Rys nTtky o ;ktwt ektwt %&
gt+jr uOokl fcu lev+ku fdykch ¼jft+&
vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls fjok;r gS fd gqtwj&
[69]

fd nTtky dkuk gS vkSj vYykg ds ut+nhd
t+yhy Hkh gS vkSj mldk fQ+Ruk cM+k l[+r gksxk
vkSj oks vknkr ds f[k+ykQ+ ckras fn[kk;sxk uht+
Q+jek;k mlds cky ?kq¡?kjkys vkSj vk¡[ksa mHkjh
gqbZ gksaxh vkSj rqeesa ls tks nTtky dks ik;s rks
lwjg dg~Q+ dh 'kq# dh vk;rsa ml ij i<+s
¼bu vk;rksa ds i<+us ls oks nTtky ds fQ+Rus ls
egQwt+ jgsxk½ vkSj nTtky 'kke vkSj bZjkd+ ds
njfe;ku ls fudysxk vkSj Q+lkn QSykrk fQjsxk
nk¡;ha rjQ+ vkSj ck¡;ha rjQ+ igys oks dgsxk fd
eSa uch gw¡ fQj oks nksckjk dgsxk fd eSa rqEgkjk
jc gw¡ vkSj oks dkuk gksxk vkSj mldh vk¡[kksa ds
njfe;ku dkfQ+j fy[kk gksxkA
uht+ Q+jek;k fd ,s vYykg ds cUnks

bZeku ij et+cwr jguk fQj vki ¼lYyYYkkgq
rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ ls v+t+Z fd;k x;k fd
oks fdrus fnuksa rd t+ehu ij jgsxk rks vki
fd pkyhl fnu rd ftuesa ,d fnu ,d lky
dk gksxk vkSj ,d fnu ,d eghus dk gksxk
vkSj ,d fnu ,d g¶+rs dk gksxk vkSj ckd+h
fnu rqEgkjs fnuksa dh rjg gksaxs vki ¼lYyYYkkgq
rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ ls v+t+Z fd;k x;k fd
oks t+ehu esa fdl d+nj tYn pysxk ¼tc fd
FkksM+h eqn~nr esa nqfu;k¡ ?kwe vk;sxk½ rks vki&
[70]
¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us Qjek;k

fd mldh pky vCj ¼ckny½ dh ekfUun gksxh
fd gok mlds ihNs jgsxh vkSj oks ,d d+kSe dh
rjQ+ vk;sxk vkSj mudks viuh rjQ+ cqyk;sxk
oks mldks eku ysaxs vkSj ml ij bZeku ys
vk;saxs fQj oks vkleku dks gqDe nsxk rks mu
ij ikuh cjlsxk vkSj oks t+ehu dks gqDe nsxk
oks vukt mxk,sxh vkSj muds tkuoj ¼pjk,s ls
ykSVdj½ [kwc eksVs rkt+s gksdj 'kke dks vk;saxs
vkSj muds Fku [kwc nw/k ls Hkjs gq;s gksaxsA
fQj oks ,d x¡okj nsgkrh ls dgsxk

fd ns[k vxj eSa rsjs ek¡ cki dks ft+Unk dj nw¡
rc rw eq>s viuk jc dgsxk fQj nks 'kSrku
nTtky ds gqDe ls mlds ek¡ cki dh lwjr
cudj vk;saxs vkSj dgsaxs csVk bldh brkv+r
dj ;s rsjk jc gS vkSj mldk fQ+Ruk ;s gksxk
fd nTtky ,d 'k[+l ij xk+fyc gksdj mlds
nks VqdMs dj nsxk cfYd vkjh ls phjdj mlds
nks VqdM+s dj nsxk fQj oks dgsxk fd ns[kks eSsa
vius bl cUns dks ftykrk gw¡ fQj nTtky
dgsxk fd D;k vc Hkh rsjk dksbZ vkSj jc gS
flok;s esjs fQj vYykg rv+kyk ml 'k[+l dks
ft+Unk dj nsxk fQj nTtky mlls dgsxk fd
rsjk jc dkSu gS rks oks dgsxk fd esjk jc
vYykg gS vkSj rw vYykg dk nq'eu nTtky gS
fQj vki ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½&
[71]
us Q+jek;k fd ml enZ dk ntkZ tUur esa esjh

mEer esa lcls cqyUn gksxk uht+ Q+jek;k fd
nTtky gj txg tk;sxk flok;s eDdk o enhuk
ds fQj ,d d+kSe ds ikl tk;sxk mudks viuh
rjQ+ cqyk;sxk rks oks mldh ckr u ekusaxs mlds
[kqnk gksus dk jn~n dj nsaxs vkf[k+j dkj nTtky
muds ikl ls ykSV tk;sxk fQj nTtky dk ,d
[k.Mj ij ls xqt+j gksxk vkSj oks mlls dgsxk
fd vius [k+t+kus fudky rks ml [k.Mj ds lc
[k+t+kus mlds lkFk gks ysaxsA
fQj vYykg rvkyk bZlk fcu ej;e

¼v+ySfgLlyke½ dks Hkstsxk vkSj oks lQ+sn ehukj
ij nfe'd+ ds e'kfjd+ dh tkfuc nks t+nZ diM+s
igus gq;s mrjsaxs muds nksaukas gkFk nks Q+fj'rksa ds
cktw ij j[ks gq;s gkasxs fQj tc oks viuk lj
>qdk;saxs rks mlesa ls ilhuk Vidsxk vkSj tc
lj dks Å¡pk djsaxs rks eksfr;ksa dh rjg ilhus
ds d+rjs VidsaxsA
fQj bZlk ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ pysaxs vkSj

nTtky dks ckcs yqn~n ij ik;saxs ¼oks ,d igkM+
gS 'kke esa ckv+t+ks us dgk fd cSrqy eqd+n~nl
dk ,d xk¡o gS½ ogk¡ nTtky ejnwn dks d+Ry
djsaxs nTtky fQj bZlk ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ dks
ns[kdj ,slk fi?ky tk;sxk tSls ued ikuh esa
fi?ky tkrk½ fQj gt+jr fQj bZlk v+ySfgLlyke
[72]
mu yksxksa ds ikl vk;saxs ftudks vYykg rv+kyk

us nTtky ds 'kj ls egQwt+ j[kk vkSj muds
eq¡g ij gkFk Qsjsaxs vkSj mudks tUur esa tks
ntZs feysaxs oks mudk c;ku djsaxs fQj vYykg
rvkyk gt+jr bZlk ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ ij ogh
Hkstsxk fd ,s bZlk esjs ¼eksfeu½ cUnksa dks rwj
igkM+ ij ys tkvksA
bj'kkns ckjh rv+kyk gS&

mldh rjQ+ ls ¼muds fy;s cgqr½ njtkr gSa
vkSj cf[+'k'k vkSj jger gS vkSj vYykg
rv+kyk cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gSA
¼lw0&fulk&4/96½
fQj vYykg rv+kyk ;ktwt o ektwt dks Hkstsxk
tSlk fd bj'kkns ckjh rvkyk gS&

;gk¡ rd fd tc ;ktwt vkSj ektwt [kksy fn;s
tk;saxs vkSj oks gj cqyUnh ls nkSM+rs gq;s mrj
vk;saxsA
¼lw0&vfEc;k&21/96½
;kuh gj ,d Vhys ij ls p<+ nkSM+asxs rks mudk

igyk fxjksg tks dljr esa fVM~~fM;ksa dh feLy
gksxk vkSj mudk igyk fgLlk ;kuh mudk vkxs
dk fgLlk ,d rkykc ij xqt+jsxk vkSj mldk
lkjk ikuh ih tk;sxk fQj mudk vkf[k+jh fgLlk
[73]
vk;sxk rks dgsxk fd fdlh t+ekus esa bl rkykc

esa ikuh FkkA
fQj gt+jr bZlk ¼v+ySfgLlyke½

vkSj vkids vlgkc vYykg rv+kyk dh ckjxkg
esa nqv+k djsaxs rks vYykg rv+kyk ;ktwt ektwt
ds yksxksa ij mudh xnZuksa esa pUn dhM+s Hkstsxk
tks mudh xnZuksa esa ?kql tk;saxs oks nwljs fnu
lqcg dks lc ds lc ejs gq;s gksaxs tSls vkneh
ejrk gS fQj gt+jr bZlk ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ vkSj
vkids lkFkh igkM+ ls mrjsaxs vkSj ,d ckfy'r
cjkcj Hkh txg u ik;saxs tks mudh fpdukbZ]
o cncw vkSj [kwu ls [kkyh gks vkf[k+j fQj oks
vYykg dh ckjxkg esa nqv+k djsaxs il vYykg
rv+kyk dqN ifjUns Hkstsxk ftudh xnZuas Å¡Vksa dh
xnZukas ds cjkcj gksaxh ;kuh Å¡Vks ds cjkcj
ifjUns vk;saxs oks mudh yk'ksa mBkdj ys tk;saxs
vkSj tgk¡ vYykg rv+kyk dks eUtwj gksxk ogk¡
Mky nsaxsA
fQj vYykg rv+kyk ikuh cjlk;sxk ;s

ikuh mu lc dks /kks Mkysxk ;gk¡ rd fd t+ehu
vkbus dh rjg lkQ+ gks tk;sxh fQj t+ehu ls
dgk tk;sxk fd vc vius Qy mxk vkSj viuh
cjdr Qsj yk ml fnu dbZ vkneh feydj ,d
vukj [kk;saxs vkSj oks lc lsj gks tk;saxs vkSj
vukj ds fNyds ls ¼Nrjh dh rjg½ lk;k djsaxs
[74]
;kuh vukj cgqr cM+s&cM+s gksaxs vkSj vYykg

rv+kyk nw/k esa cjdr nsxk ;gk¡ rd fd ,d nw/k
okyh Å¡Vuh yksxksa dh dbZ tekv+rksa ij dkQ+h
gks tk;sxh vkSj nw/k okyh ,d xk; ,d d+chys
ds yksxksa ds fy;s dkQ+h gksxh vkSj ,d nw/k okyh
cdjh ,d NksVs d+chys ds yksxksa ds fy;s dkQ+h
gks tk;sxhA
bZlk ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ esjh mEer esa ,d

v+kfny gkfde vkSj eqfUlQ+ beke gksaxs vkSj oks
lchy dks tks ulkjk yVdk;s jgrs gS mls rksM+
Mkysaxs vkSj lqvjksa dks ekj Mkysaxs vkSj mldk
[kkuk cUn djk nsaxs vkSj ftt+;k ekSdwQ+ dj nsaxs
¼cfYd dkfQ+jksa ls dgsaxs½ ;k eqlyeku gks tkvks
;k d+Ry gksuk dqcwy djks vkSj ckv+t+ks us dgk
fd ftt+;k ysuk bl otg ls cUn dj nsaxs fd
dksbZ Q+d+hj u gksxk lc ekynkj gksaxs vkSj
ckv+t+ks us dgk fd ftt+;k lc dkfQ+jksa ij
eqd+jZj dj nsaxs ;kuh yM+kbZ ekSdwQ+ gks tk;sxh
vkSj dkfQ+j ftt+;k ij jkt+h gks tk;saxs vkSj
ln~d+k ¼t+dkr½ ekSdwQ+ dj nsaxs rks u cdfj;ksa
ij u Å¡Vksa ij dksbZ t+dkr ysus okyk eqd+jZj
gksxk vkSj vkil esa yksxksa ds dhus vkSj cqXt+
mB tk;saxs vkSj gj ,d t+gjhys tkuoj dk
t+gj tkrk jgsxk ;gk¡ rd fd cPpk viuk gkFk
lk¡i ds eq¡g esa ns nsxk exj oks dqN Hkh uqdlku
u igq¡pk;sxk vkSj ,d NksVh cPph 'ksj dks Hkxk&
[75]
nsxh oks mldks t+jj u igq¡pk;sxk vkSj 'ksj HksM+

;k cdfj;ksa esa bl rjg jgsxk tSls dqRrk tks bu
¼HksM+ cdjh½ esa jgrk vkSj t+ehu lqyg ls Hkj
tk;sxh tSls cjru ikuh ls Hkjrk gS vkSj lc
yksxksa dk dyek ,d gks tk;sxk flok;s [kqnk ds
fdlh dh ijfLr'k u gksxh ¼lks lc dyek yk
bykgk bYyYykg i<+saxs½ vkSj yM+kbZ nqfu;k¡ ls mB
tk;sxhA
yksx bl gky esa gksaxs fd vYykg

rv+kyk ,d ikdht+k gok Hkstsxk oks mudh cx+yksa
ds rys ls vlj djsxh vkSj gj ,d eksfeu dh
#g d+Ct+ djsxh vkSj ckd+h yksx x/kksa dh rjg
;k ,sykfu;k¡ ftekv+ djrs jg tk;saxs mu yksxksa
ij d+;ker okdS+v+ gksxhA
¼bCus ektk&lquu&3/326-g0&4075&4077½
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/448-g0&7373½
d+;ker ds d+jhc tc nTtky dk t+gwj gksxk

rks gt+jr b+Zlk ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ dk nfe'd+ esa
uqtwy gksxk oks nTtky dks d+Ry djasxs vkSj
bLyke o 'kjhv+rs eqgEenh dks dkfey rkSj ij
ukfQ+t+ djsaxs vkSj pkyhl cjl rd ;s Q+jht+k
vUtke nsaxsA
[76]

vkSj cs'kd oks ¼b+Zlk v+ySfgLlyke tc vkleku
ls uqtwy djsaxs rks d+jhcs½ d+;ker dh v+yker
gksaxs il rqe gjfxt+ blesa 'kd u djuk vkSj
esjh iSjoh djrs jguk ;s lh/kk jkLrk gSA
¼lw0&tq[k+jqQ+&43/61½
bZ+lk ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ vkleku ij ft+Unk gSa

vYykg rv+kyk us mUgsa ;gwfn;kas ds eØks Q+jsc
o muds geys ls egQwt+ Q+jeka dj vkleku
ij ft+Unk mBk fy;k Fkk
tSlk fd bj'kkns ckjh rv+kyk gS %&

mUgksaus u mUgas d+Ry fd;k vkSj u lwyh ij
p<+k;k exj ¼gqvk ;s fd½ muds fy;s ¼fdlh dks
b+Zlk v+ySfgLlyke dk½ ge 'kDy cuk fn;k x;k
cs'kd tks yksx muds ckjs esa bf[+rykQ+ dj jgs
gSa oks ;d+huu ml ¼d+Ry ds gokys½ ls 'kd esa
iM+s gq;s gS mUgas ¼gd+hd+rs gky dk½ dqN b+Ye
ugha exj ;s fd xqeku dh iSjoh dj jgs gSa
vkSj mUgksaus bZ+lk ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ dks ;d+huu
d+Ry ugha fd;k cfYd vYykg rv+kyk us mUgsa
viuh rjQ+ ¼vkleku ij½ mBk fy;kA
¼lw0&fulk&4/57,58½

vkSj ¼d+jhcs d+;ker uqtwys bZ+lk v+ySfgLlyke ds
[77]
oD+r½ vgys fdrkc esa ls dksbZ ¼QnZ ;k fQ+jd+k½

,slk u jgsxk exj oks bZ+lk ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ dh
ekSr ls igys t+#j mu ij bZeku ys vk;sxk
vkSj d+;ker ds fnu b+Zlk ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ mu
lc ij xokg gksaxsaA ¼lw0&fulk&159½

fQj ¼;gwnh½ dkfQ+jksa us ¼bZ+lk v+ySfgLlyke ds
d+Ry ds fy;s½ [kwfQ+;k lkft'k dh vkSj vYykg
rv+kyk us ¼bZ+lk v+ySfgLlyke dks cpkus ds
fy;s½ e[+Q+h rnchj Q+jekbZ vkSj vYykg rv+kyk
lcls csgrj rnchj Q+jekus okyk gSA
¼lw0&vkys bejku&3/55½

ls fjok;r gS fd rktnkjs dk;ukr ¼lYyYYkkgq
rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd bZ+lk
¼v+ySfgLlyke½ mrjus okys gSa fd tc rqe mUgsa
ns[kksxs rks igpku tkvksxs oks njfe;kuh d+ker
okys gSa vkSj mudk jax lq[k+Z o lQ+sn gksxk gYds
t+nZ jax ds fyckl esa gksaxs oks yksxksa ls bLyke
ds fy;s fd+rky djasxs lyhc rksM+saxs vkSj f[kathj
dks d+Ry djsaxs vkSj ftt+;k ekSdwQ+ dj nsaxs
bLykeh gqdwer esa xS+j eqfLyekas ls VSDl ysus dks
ftt+;k dgrs gSa vkSj vYykg rv+kyk ml t+ekus
esa bLyke ds vykok nhxj lc nhuksa dks [k+Re
dj nsxk vkSj oks nTtky dks gykd djasxs vkSj&
[78]
b+Zlk ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ t+ehu ij pkyhl lky rd

jgsaxs fQj mudh oQ+kr gksxh vkSj eqlyeku
mudk tukt+k i<+saxsA

v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd ijoj fnxkj dh
d+le fd ftlds gkFk esa esjh tku gS fd rqEgkjs
njfe;ku gkfdes v+kfny b+Zlk fcu ej;e
¼v+ySfgLlyke½ mrjsaxs vkSj oks lyhc dks rksMsaxsa
;kuh ydM+h dh lyhc ftlds lkeus bZlkbZ iwtk
djrs gSa vkSj lqv+jksa dks ekajasxs vkSj ftt+;k dks
ekSdwQ+ dj nasxs vkSj dljr ls yksxksa dks eky
nasxs ;gk¡ rd fd dksbZ dqcwy u djsxkA

ls fjok;r gS fd ljdkjs nks v+kye ¼lYyYYkkgq
rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k v+ud+jhc
rqe yksxkas esa gt+jr bZ+lk ¼v+ySfgLlyke½ uqtwy
Q+jek;asxs vkSj 'kjh;rs eqgEefn;k ds eqrkfcd+
gqDe nsaxs vkSj v+n~yks bUlkQ+ djasxs vkSj lyhc
¼lwyh½ rksM+ Mkyasxs o f[kathj dks d+Ry dj nsaxs
vkSj ftt+;k dks ekSdw+Q+ djasxs vkSj eky cgqr
nsaxs vkSj dksbZ eky dqcwy djus okyk ugha jgsxk
[79]
%& ;ktwt ektwt dk c;ku %&

,s gchc eqvT+t+e ;s vkils tqyd+juSu ds ckjs
esa loky djrs gSa Q+jeka nhft;s eSa vHkh rqEgsa
muds gky dk rt+fdjk i<+dj lqukrk gw¡ cs'kd+
geus t+ekuk d+nhe esa mls t+ehu ij bfD+rnkj
c[+'kk Fkk vkSj geus mldh lYrur dks reke
olkby o vloko ls uokt+k Fkk fQj oks ,d
vkSj jkLrs ij py iM+k ;gk¡ rd fd oks xq#cs
vkQ+rkc dh flEr vkcknh ds vkf[k+jh fdukjs
ij tk igq¡pk mlus lwjt ds xq#c ds eatj dks
,sls eglwl fd;k tSls oks dhpM+ dh rjg
fl;kg jax ikuh ds xje p'es eas Mwc jgk gks
vkSj mlus ogk¡ ,d d+kSe dks vkckn ik;k geus
Q+jek;k ,s tqyd+juSu ;s rqEgkjh et+hZ ij
equgflj gS [+okg rqe mUgsa lt+k nks ;k muds
lkFk vPNk lqywd djks tqyd+juSu us dgk tks
'k[+l ¼dq¶+j o fQ+Ld+ dh lwjr esa½ tqYe djsxk
rks ge mls t+#j lt+k nsaxs fQj oks vius jc
dh rjQ+ ykSVk;k tk;sxk fQj oks mls cgqr gh
l[+r v+t+kc nsxk vkSj tks 'k[+l bZeku ys
vk;sxk vkSj usd v+ey djsxk rks mlds fy;s
csgrj tt+k gS vkSj ge Hkh mlds fy;s vius
vgdke esa vklku ckr dgsaxs fQj oks ¼nwljs½
jkLrs ij py iM+k ;gk¡ rd fd oks rqywv+&,&
[80]
vkQ+rkc ¼dh flEr vkcknh½ ds vkf[k+jh fdukjs

ij tk igq¡pk ogk¡ mlus lwjt ¼ds rqywv+ ds
eat+j½ dks eglwl fd;k ¼tSls½ lwjt ¼t+ehu ds
ml f[k+Rrs ij vkckn½ ,d d+kSe ij mHkj jgk
gks ftlds fy;s geus lwjt ls cpko dh [k+kfrj
dksbZ fgtkc rd ugha cuk;k Fkk okfd+v+k blh
rjg gS vkSj tks dqN mlds ikl Fkk geus vius
b+Ye ls mldk bgkrk dj fy;k fQj oks ,d
vkSj jkLrs ij py i<+k ;gk¡ rd fd oks ¼,d
ed+ke ij½ nks igkM+kas ds njfe;ku tk igq¡pk
tgk¡ mlus mu igkM+ksa ds ihNs ,d ,slh d+kSe
dks vkckn ik;k tks fdlh dh ckr le> ugha
ldrs Fks mUgksaus dgk ,s tqyd+juSu cs'kd ;ktwt
vkSj ektwt us t+ehu esa Q+lkn cik dj j[kk gS
rks D;k ge vki ds fy;s bl 'krZ ij dqN eky
eqd+jZj dj nsa fd vki gekjs o muds njfe;ku
,d cqyUn nhokj cuk ns tqyd+juSu us dgk eq>s
esjs jc us bl ckjs esa tks bf[+r;kj fn;k gS oks
csgrj gS rqe vius t+ksjs cktw ¼;kuh esgur o
e'kD+d+r½ ls esjh enn djks vkSj eSa rqEgkjs vkSj
muds njfe;ku ,d et+cwr nhokj cuk nw¡xk rqe
eq>s yksgs ds cM+s cM+s VqdM+s yk nks ;gk¡ rd fd
tc mlus oks yksgs dh nhokj igkM+ dh nksaukas
pksfV;ksa ds njfe;ku cjkcj dj nh rks dgus
yxk ¼fd vc vkx yxkdj bls½ /kkasdksa ;gk¡ rd
fd tc mlus yksgs dks /kksad&/kksad dj vkx cuk
Mkyk rks dgus yxk esjs ikl ykvks vc eSa bl&
[81]
ij fi?kyrk gqvk rk¡ck Mkyw¡xk fQj mu ;ktwt

o ektwt esa bruh rkd+r u Fkh fd ml ij
p<+ ldsa vkSj u bruh dqnjr ik lds fd mlesa
lwjk[k+ dj nas tqyd+juSu us dgk ;ss esjs jc dh
tkfuc ls jger gS fQj tc esjs jc dk okv+nk
&,&d+;ker d+jhc vk;sxk rks oks bl nhokj dks
fxjkdj geokj dj nsxk ¼vkSj nhokj jst+k jst+k
gks tk;sxh½ vkSj esjs jc dk okv+nk cjgd+ gS
vkSj ge ml oD+r ¼tqeyk e[+ywd+kr ;k ;ktwt
vkSj ektwt dks½ vkt+kn dj nasxs oks ¼rst+ ekStksa
dh rjg½ ,d nwljs esa ?kql tk;saxs vkSj lwj
Qw¡dk tk;sxk rks ge mu lc dks eSnkus g'j esa
t+ekv+ dj yasxsA
¼lw0&dg~Q+&18/83 rk 99½

;gk¡ rd fd tc ;ktwt vkSj ektwt [kksy fn;s
tk;saxs vkSj oks gj cqyUnh ls nkSM+rs gq;s mrj
iM+saxs vkSj ¼d+;ker dk½ lPpk okv+nk iwjk gksus
dk oD+r d+jhc vk tk;sxk rks vpkud dkfQ+j
yksxksa dh vk¡[ksa QVh dh QVh jg tk;saxh ¼vkSj
oks dgsaxs fd½ gk; gekjh dec[+rh fd ge bl
¼fnu dh vken½ ls x+Q+yr esa iM+s jgs cfYd
ge t+kfye Fks cs'kd rqe vkSj oks ¼cqr½ ftudh
rqe vYykg ds flok iwtk djrs Fks ¼lc½ nkst+[k+
dk bZ/ku gSa ¼vkSj½ rqe mlesa nkf[k+y gksus okys
gksA ¼lw0&vfEc;k&21/96 rk 98½
[82]
gt+jr tS+uc fcUrs tg~'k ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk

v+Ugk½ ls fjok;r gS fd uch vdje ¼lYyYykgq
rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ ?kcjk;s gq;s muds ikl
vk;s vkSj Q+jek;k fd vYykg ds flok dksbZ
ekv+cwn cjgd+ ugha v+jc dh rckgh ml
vkQ+r dh otg ls gksus okyh gS tks fcYdqy
d+jhc vk yxh gS vkt ;ktwt ektwt dh nhokj
esa bruk Nsn gks x;k gS fd vki ¼lYyYykgq
rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us v¡xwBs vkSj 'kgknr
dh m¡xyh ls lwjk[k+ cukdj mldh fed+nkj
crkbZ gt+jr tS+uc ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½
Q+jekrh gSa eSaus v+t+Z fd;k ;k jlwyYykg D;k
ge ,slh gkyr eas rckg o gykd gks tk;asxs tc
geeas usd yksx ekStwn gkasxs rks vki ¼lYyYykgq
rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us Q+jek;k gk¡ tc cqjkbZ
cndkjh T+;knk QSy tk;sxh ;kuh fQ+Ldks Qqtwj
T+;knk gks tk;sxkA ¼eqfLye&lgh&6/407-g0&7235½
¼cq[k+kjh&lgh&3/526-g0&3346 o 6/381-g0&7059½
gt+jr uokl fcu lev+ku ¼jft+vYykgq

rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls fjok;r gS fd ljojs dk;ukr
¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us Q+jek;k
fd d+jhc gS fd eqlyeku ;ktwt ektwt dh
dekuksa vkSj <+kyksa dks lkr cjl rd tyk;saxsA
[83]
&% esagnh v+ySfgLlyke dk c;ku %&

ls fjok;r gS fd uch djhe ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk
v+ySg olYye½ us Q+jek;k esagnh ¼v+ySfgLlyke½
ge vgys cSr esa ls gkasxs vkSj vYykg rv+kyk
mudks ,d gh 'kc eas ¼f[k+ykQ+r dh½ lykfg;r
okyk cuk nsxkA
gt+jr lbZn fcu eql¸;c Q+jekrs gSa fd ge

gt+jr mEes lyek ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½
ds ikl Fks gekjs njfe;ku gt+jr esagnh
¼v+ySfgLlyke½ dk ft+Ø gqvk rks Q+jekus yxha
fd eSaus jlwys vdje ¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg
olYye½ ls lquk gS fd esagnh ¼v+ySfgLlyke½
l¸;nk Q+kfrek ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugk½ dh
vkSykn esa ls gksaxsA

rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd esagnh
¼v+ySfgLlyke½ eq>ls ¼;kuh esjh uLy ls½ gksaxs
mldh is'kkuh Q+jk[k+ vkSj ukd cqyUn gksxh oks&
[84]
t+ehu dks v+n~y o bUlkQ+ ls Hkj nsaxs tSls fd

tqYe o T+;knrh ls Hkjh gksxh vkSj oks lkr lky
rd gqdwer djsaxsA

us vius lkgc t+kns gt+jr glu ¼jft+vYykgq
rv+kyk v+Ugq½ dh rjQ+ ns[kk vkSj Q+jek;k esjk
;s Q+jt+Un l¸;n ¼o ljnkj½ gS tSlk fd blds
eqrkv+fYyd+ jlwys vdje ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk
v+ySfg olYye½ us Q+jek;k fd bldh uLy eas
ls ,d 'k[+l gksxk tks rqEgkjs uch ¼lYyYYkkgq
rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye½ dk ge uke gksxk vkSj
oks v[k+ykd+ esa Hkh gqtwj ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk
v+ySfg olYye½ ds eq'kkck gksxk vkSj oks t+ehu
dks v+n~y o bUlkQ+ ls Hkj nsxkA
gt+jr tkfcj fcu v+CnqYykg ¼jft+vYykgq

rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls fjok;r gS fd ljojs dk;ukr
¼lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySg olYye½ us Q+jek;k
fd esjh mEer ds vkf[k+j esa ,d [k+yhQ+k gksxk
tks cx+Sj 'kqekj fd;s yksxksa dks yi Hkj Hkj ds
eky rd+lhe djsxk ¼vkSj oks [kyhQ+k esagnh
¼v+ySfgLlyke½ gksaxsA½
¼eqfLye&lgh&6/432-g0&7315½
vRrykd+q ejZkrkfu Q+belkdqe fcev+#fQ+u vkSrLjhgqe fcbg+lku0
rhu rykd+
dk
“kjbZ g+y
Û d+qjku o vg+knhl dh jks”kuh esa
Û ,d etfyl dh rhu rykd+sa g+jke gSa
Û ,d oD+r esa rhu rykd+sa nsus ij
,d gh okd+Sv+ gksrh gS
eqv+fYyQ+
Mk0 vkt+e csx d+knjh
09897626182
enkj cqd lsyj

eduiqj ¼dkuiqj½

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Qayamat Ki Nishaniyan (क़यामत की निशानियाँ) Hindi Book

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Available Formats

d+;ker

MkW0&vkt+e csx d+knjh lQ+oh

eqv+fYyQ+&Mk0 vkt+e csx d+knjh lQ+oh

lus b’kkv+r&ebZ& 2020

t+quSn v+yh d+knjh lQ+oh &

d+her& 60/- :i;s

enkj cqd lsyj tkosn cqd lsyj

vuokj mnZw cqd fMiks

16 d+;ker ls igys d+Ry dh dljr 27

31 d+;ker vpkud okd+Sv+ gksxh 47

47 nTtky ds lkFk lRrj gt+kj ;gwnh

reke [kwfc;k¡ vkSj rkjhQ+sa flQ+Z vYykg

mldk dksbZ ‘kjhd ugha tks usv+ersa o fjT+d+

o ckfru esa r¸;c o rkfgj gSa tks reke ,s+cks

vkSj jger o lykerh gks vkids

&% rEghn &%

vYykg rv+kyk Q+jekrk gS D;k rw esjh mu

vkSj cqjs vkv+ekyksa ds t+fj;s viuh vkf[k+jr

rsjs cqjs vkv+ekyksa ds ckbl rsjh d+cz og'krukd

&% d+;ker d+jhc gS %&

bj'kkns ckjh rv+kyk gS %&

bj'kkns ckjh rv+kyk gS %&

bj'kkns ckjh rv+kyk gS %&

bj'kkns ckjh rv+kyk gS %&

bj'kkns ckjh rv+kyk gS %&

dc iwjk gksxk vxj rqe lPps gks Q+jeka nhft;s

bj'kkns ckjh rv+kyk gS %&

bj'kkns ckjh rv+kyk gS %&

bj'kkns ckjh rv+kyk gS %&

bj'kkns ckjh rv+kyk gS %&

bj'kkns ckjh rv+kyk gS %&

bj'kkns ckjh rv+kyk gS %&

bj'kkns ckjh rv+kyk gS %&

&% bZeku enhus esa fleV vk;sxk %&

gt+jr vcw gqjSjk ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½

&% nhu dk lyker u jguk %&

;k mldh vkSykn gksxh vkSj vxj fdlh dh

gt+jr vcw lbZn [kqnjh ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk

bZeku cpkuk xks;k gkFk esa vkx ysuk

gt+jr vul fcu ekfyd ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk

&% vkneh lqcg eksfeu vkSj

&% nkSjs fQ+ru esa b+cknr dk lokc %&

gt+jr ekv+fd+y fcu ;lkj ¼jft+vYykgq

&% yksx efLtnkssa ij Q+[+j djsaxs %&

&% efLtnksa esa dksbZ eksfeu u gksxk %&

b+Ye mBuk] tgkyr QSyuk] cndkjh

gt+jr vul fcu ekfyd ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk

gt+jr vcw ewlk v'kv+jh ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk

d+;ker ls d+Cy beke d+yhy gksasxs

ljdkjs nks v+kye ¼lYyYYkkgq rv+kyk v+ySfg

d+;ker ls d+Cy beke mBk fy;s tk;saxs

&% d+;ker d+k;e u gksxh tc rd

gt+jr vul ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½ ls

&% oD+r dk fldqM+uk] b+Ye dk mBuk]

gt+jr gqt+SQ+k fcu ;eku ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk

gt+jr vcw gqjSjk ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½

vkSj rqEgkjs ;gk¡ eky o nkSyr dh cgqr dljr

gt+jr vcw gqjSjk ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½

gt+jr vul fcu ekfyd ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk

d+;ker ls igys d+Ry dh dljr gksxh

gt+jr v+CnqYykg fcu elÅ+n vkSj gt+jr

gt+jr vcw gqjSjk ¼jft+vYykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq½

eqlyeku ,d nwljs dks d+Ry djsaxs

djsaxs eq>s viuh mEer ij xqejkg bekeksa dk