SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Mathematics Subject Area

Reviewer Name: ______________________

Statistics and Probability Program CN: _____
11 – ____________________ Strand: _________

Confidence Intervals

1. When 16 seventeen-year-old women were randomly selected and tested with an aerobics test, the
mean of their scores was found to be 37.9 with a sample standard deviation of 7.3.

a. Construct both a 90% confidence interval and a 99% confidence interval for the mean. Write
out the meaning of these intervals.

90% confidence interval (34.700, 41.099) With 90% confidence, it can be said that the mean
score for the aerobics test of the population is in between 34.700 and 41. 099.

99% confidence interval (32.522, 43.278) With 99% confidence, it can be said that the mean
score for the aerobics test of the population is in between 32.522 and 43.278.

b. What is the margin of error?

For the 90% confidence interval, E = 3.199.

For the 99% confidence interval, E = 5.378.

c. What is the length of the interval?

For the 90% confidence interval, length is 2 times E which is 6.398.

For the 99% confidence interval, length is 2 times E which is 10.756.

2. Southern Bell wants to determine the proportion of cars with cellular phones. How many cars must
be sampled in order to be 90% confident that the sample proportion is in error by no more than
0.02? Since no p is given, we use p=0.5 and q=0.5

1.65 2
n  1701 .56  1702 cars
(4)0.02 2

3. In a recent poll of 1000 American adults, those saying that exercise is an important part of daily life
was 753.

a. Construct a 90% confidence interval for the proportion of American adults who think exercise
is an important part of daily life.

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 753
pˆ   0.753
1000
0.753 (0.247 )
0.753  1.645
1000

0.730 < p < 0.775

b. Assuming that the new proportion is 0.639, how many Americans must be sampled in order to
be 95% confident that the error is no more than 0.05?

1.96 2
n (0.639 )(0.361)  354 .5  355 Americans
0.05 2

Hypothesis Testing

1. The President claims that a majority of voters are in favor of his foreign aid program. A random
sample of 1000 voters showed 545 who favored the foreign aid program. Is there sufficient
evidence to support the President's claim? Use alpha of 0.005 to test the claim.
a. State the null hypothesis. Ho:p = 0.50
b. State the alternative hypothesis. Ha: p > 0.50
c. Identify how the researcher will commit a type I and a type II error.
Type I error. When you reject that not a majority of the population of voters favor the
foreign policy when in fact it is true.

Type II error. When you conclude that not a majority of the population of voters favor the
foreign policy when in fact it is false.

d. Identify the type of test. Z-test , right-tailed

e. Identify the critical value and draw the critical region. C.v. is 2.576.

Rejection region

0 2.576
f. State the decision rule. Reject Ho if z > 2.576
g. Identify the statistical test to be used and compute for the test statistic.
0.545  0.5
z  2.846
0.5(0.5)
1000
h. State the conclusion. There is sufficient evidence to reject null hypothesis.

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2. The policy of a particular bank branch is that its ATMs must be stocked with enough cash to satisfy
customers making withdrawals over an entire weekend. At this branch the expected average
amount of money withdrawn from ATM machines per customer transaction over the weekend is
$160 with an expected standard deviation of $30. Suppose that a random sample of 36 customer
transactions is examined and it is observed that the sample mean withdrawal is $172. Use alpha
of 0.05 to test if there is evidence to claim that the average withdrawal per transaction over the
weekend is more than $160.
a. State the null hypothesis. Ho: = 160
b. State the alternative hypothesis. Ho: > 160
c. Identify how the researcher will commit a type I and a type II error.
Type I error. When you reject that the population of customers withdraw an average of
only $160 when in fact it is true.

Type II error. When you conclude that the population of customers withdraw an average
of $160 when in fact it is false.

d. Identify the type of test. Z-test , right-tailed

e. Identify the critical value and draw the critical region. C.v. is 1.645.

Rejection region

0 1.645
f. State the decision rule. Reject Ho if z > 1.645
g. Identify the statistical test to be used and compute for the test statistic.
172  160
z  2 .4
30
36
h. State the conclusion. There is sufficient evidence to reject Ho. (or, There is enough
evidence to claim that the average withdrawal over the weekend is more than $160.)

3. An inventor has developed a new, energy-efficient lawn mower engine. He claims that the engine
will run continuously for 5 hours (300 minutes) on a single gallon of regular gasoline. From his
stock of 2000 engines, the inventor selects a simple random sample of 50 engines for testing. The
engines run for an average of 295 minutes, with a standard deviation of 20 minutes. Is it safe to
claim that the run time is not equal to 300 minutes? Use a 0.10 level of significance.
a. State the null hypothesis. Ho: = 300
b. State the alternative hypothesis. Ho: ≠ 300
c. Identify how the researcher will commit a type I and a type II error.

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 Type I error. When you reject that the population of 2000 engines have an average run
time of 300 minutes when in fact it is true.

Type II error. When you conclude that the population of 2000 engines have an average
run time equal to 300 minutes when in fact it is false.
d. Identify the type of test. Z-test , two-tailed
e. Identify the critical value and draw the critical region. C.v. are 1.645.

Rejection region Rejection region

-1.645 0 1.645
f. State the decision rule. Reject Ho if z > 1.645 or z < -1.645
g. Identify the statistical test to be used and compute for the test statistic.
295  300
z  1.768
20
50
h. State the conclusion. Reject Ho. There is enough evidence to claim that the average run
time of the mower engines is 300 minutes.

4. It is claimed that Mindanao State University (MSU) Social Work doctoral graduates score higher
on licensure exams than graduates of social work doctoral programs across the country. From a
sample of 25 MSU students, we calculated a mean score of 105 on the licensure exam and a
standard deviation of 9. The mean score of the population of national social work graduates is
95. Assume a significance level of 0.01.
a. State the null hypothesis. Ho: = 95
b. State the alternative hypothesis. Ho: > 95
c. Identify how the researcher will commit a type I and a type II error.
Type I error. When you reject that MSU social work graduates have an average exam
score equal to the average national score of 95 when in fact it is true.

Type II error. When you conclude that MSU social work graduates have an average
exam score 95 when in fact it is false.

d. Identify the type of test. t-test , right-tailed

e. Identify the critical value and draw the critical region. C.v. is 2.492
f.
Rejection region

0 2.492
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g. State the decision rule. Reject Ho if t > 2.492
h. Identify the statistical test to be used and compute for the test statistic.
105  95
t  5.56
9
25
i. State the conclusion. Reject Ho. There is enough evidence to conclude that the mean
exam score of MSU graduates is higher than the average exam score.

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