VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL PIANOS

Vertical pianos:

1. Spinet is 34 to 39 inches in height. It has a drop action

Because there's not enough room for the mechanism to stand on the keys, the keys are cut short so that
the action can be lowered. These are old made pianos.

There are wires end hooks were at the end of the key Attatched to a wippen to bring it up.

2. Console piano is from 38 to 43 inches. These piano does not have drop action

3. Studio pianos is from 43 to 46 inches in height

4. Professional upright pianos is from 50 to 52 inches in height.

5. Old upright pianos is from 50 to 62 inches. (the bungalow, the birdcage piano and cottage piano)

Horizontal pianos: (grand pianos)

1. Baby grand they're 5ft 6" in height

2. Parlour grand 5ft 6" to 8ft 6"

3. Semi concert grand pianos is from 6ft 7" to 7ft 4"

4. concert grand 9 to 10 ft

Differences between Bird cage piano, bungalow piano and cottage piano is that the birdcage piano has
over damper action

3 types and cottage of action

1. Drop action (the spinet pianos) it takes at least 30mins to 1hr to remove the action

2. Over damper action(the dampers are over the hammer) (birdcage piano)

3. Under damper action (the dampers are under the hammer)

 PIANO TUNING

it is the process of adjusting the frequencies of the Piano strings to form a musical scale

The musical adopted is the equal tempered musical

For stringing scale of each

Standards for a properly tuned piano

1. A-440hz

2. Equally tempered octaves

3. Stretched lower range of the bass and stretched upper of the treble

4. Perfect unison

5. Perfect octaves

Piano tuning chart.

If any of the above condition is not met then the sound quality of the piano will be ruined.

However there are physical and natural factors that could make the piano go out of tune

A. Rust

B. frequent hard playing

C. Variation in the string tension

D. humidity and temperature

E. Poor hammer techniques