Guidelines to obtain a pulse-free pneumatic transport of pulverized fuel to Kiln and

Calciner Burners

Transport velocity (v) to be based on Fr = v ÷ (√(g x di)) ≥ 21; Corresponding to

v ≥ 66 x √(di)

Where g = acceleration due to gravity = 9.81 m/s2

And di = Internal diameter in m.

Coal to Air ratio at max consumption ≤ 4 kg coal / kg air

Max. backpressure in pipeline for screw pumps ≤ 100 kPa
Max. backpressure in pipeline for rotorscale (Pfister feeder) ≤ 40 kPa

Temperature of transport air for anthracite and coal ≤ 220 deg C

Temperature of transport air for Lignite and High volatile coal ≤ 200 deg C

Density (for design of Pneumatic transport):

Anthracite and Coal 0.35 t/m3
Lignite and High Volatile Coal 0.30 t/m3

Pipelines must be horizontal and vertical only.

No. of bends is required to be minimized.
Radius of bends to be ≥ 5 x diameter of pipe.
Pressure loss of each bend is calculated as equivalent to pressure loss of 5 m pipeline.
Minimum distance between two bends ≥ 5 m.
Equivalent transport length (Gross transport length) ≥ 50 m.
Stream splitter is to be placed only in vertical pipeline.
Minimum distance between outlet of bend ands stream splitter ≥ 5 m.
Pipelines ahead of a stream splitter, if any, must be symmetrical.

Pressure drop:
Swirlax burner: 10 kPa
Rotor scale (Pfister feeder) 10 kPa
Screw pump: 20 kPa
Stream splitter: equivalent to 5 m pipeline

Max. mass flow rate is to be Normal mass flow rate x 1.25

The above guidelines are recommendations only.

The suppliers of Screw pump systems are obliged to provide a non-pulsating flow to burners
and are free to recommend any changes to the above to meet the aforementioned criterion and
to stick to their contractual requirements.