SHIFTING CONSUMER PRODUCT MANUFACTURING

TO PPE PRODUCTION
Intertek Global Softlines and Hardlines
Mike Redshaw and Rob Burton
SKYROCKET PPE DEMAND UNDER COVID-19 PANDEMIC
RESULTING IN GLOBAL SHORTAGE OF PPE PRODUCTS

Since demand
of masks outweighs supply by a large extent,
the market is now filled with sub-standard masks while
brands, retailers and manufacturers are joining the effort
to help combat (Covid-19) by producing Personal Protective Equipment.

Easily spread
between people
Ongoing pandemic,
during close
the WHO declared
contact, often via Causing a Global
the outbreak to be
small droplets Shortage of PPE
a Public Health
produced by
Emergency
coughing, sneezing,
or talking

© Intertek Group 2
LONG-TERM WAR AGAINST COVID-19
prolonged High demand in face mask and PPE Products
“It will not come to an end. The situation may get better when summer arrives but it’ll come back in winter.”
– Prof. Yuen Kwok-yung,
Chair of Infectious Disease, Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, HK

“I think what we’re looking at now with SARS-CoV-2 is that process of becoming a new seasonal
human pathogen. And so, in that sense, humans will be with this virus forever.”
– Prof. Paul Kellam
Infectious disease specialist and professor of virus genomics at Imperial College London, U.K

“This thing's not going to stop until it infects 60 to 70% of people.”

(which may take may take between 18 and 24 months)
– Michael Osterholm, Director of Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy (CIDRAP), USA

Some experts believe that the COVID-19 pandemic would last for a considerable amount of time and
effective vaccines take many months to develop, and it may even become an endemic like the flu.

© Intertek Group 3
INTERTEK ONE-STOP-SHOP FOR PPE TOTAL QUALITY ASSURANCE SOLUTIONS

As a leading Total Quality Assurance provider, Intertek offers

comprehensive quality assurance solutions for below PPE products to
ensure product safety and quality which is true to our purpose of
“Making the World Ever Better Together..”

Face Masks Gowns Safety Goggles Face Shields Hand Sanitizers

© Intertek Group 4
FACE MASKS

© Intertek Group 5
FACE MASKS
TYPES

Clinical mask (non-sterile)

A type of medical face mask which covers the mouth and nose which provides a barrier to minimize the
direct transmission of infective agents. The masks are not rigid and usually made of several material
layers. The function is intended to protect a patient.

Clinical mask (sterile)

A type of medical face mask which covers the mouth and nose which provides a barrier to minimize the
direct transmission of infective agents. The masks are not rigid and usually made of several material
layers. The function is intended for use during medical examinations.

Particulate respirator or FFP (Filtering Face Piece)

A particle filtering half respirator which covers the mouth and nose and the chin. In some cases, the
mask may have inhalation and/or exhalation valve(s). It offers good breathability with design that does
not collapse against the mouth (e.g. duckbill, cup-shaped)

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FACE MASKS
KEY TEST PARAMETERS
BACTERIAL FILTRATION EFFICIENCY (BFE)
• The Bacterial Filtration Efficiency (BFE) test is performed on
filtration materials and devices that are designed to provide
protection against biological aerosols, such as face masks,
surgical gowns, caps, and air filters.
• The test provides a measure of the resistance of a material to
the penetration of bacteria. The results are reported as
percentage efficiency rating. The higher the number in this
test indicates better barrier efficiency.
• The US method ASTM F2101 and EU method EN 14683 Annex
B are comparable.
FLUID RESISTANCE TESTING
• A test to assess the resistance of the mask to liquid splashes.
The test uses a synthetic blood specimen at a high speed to
assess the penetration. The requirement is based on mmHg.
• The test is also known as ‘blood penetration test’ or ‘splash
resistance’
© Intertek Group
PARTICLE FILTRATION EFFICIENCY (PFE)
• The Particle Filtration Efficiency (PFE) test evaluates the
nonviable particle retention percentage of particles larger
than 1 micron filtered by the mask.
• The test is performed on face masks and all filter material
in a controlled air flow chamber.
BREATHABILITY TESTING - DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE
• This test is conducted to measure the ‘breathability’ of the
respirator, so the breathing of the wearer is not restricted.
• This test determines the resistance of the face mask to
airflow. A lower breathing resistance indicates a better
level of comfort for the user.
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FACE MASKS – CLINICAL MASKS
TYPES AND CLASSIFICATIONS
MASK TYPE FUNCTION CLASSIFICATION TEST STANDARDS
EU - EN 14683 any Type
Medical Device
Intended for use by a
Clinical Mask (Non-sterile) EU – Class 1 Medical Device US - ASTM F2100 any Level
patient or other wearer
Self Certification
China - YY/T 0969 or GB19083

EU - EN 14683 Type II, IIR

Medical Device
Intended for use during
Clinical Mask (Sterile) EU – Class 1 Medical Device US - ASTM F2100 Level 1 upwards
medical examinations
Notified Body Status
Approval for Sterile Aspects China - 0469

PARTICLE
EN 14683 ASTM F2100 BACTERIAL
FILTRATION FLUID RESISTANCE TYPICAL USE
CLASS CLASS FILTRATION
(ASTM only)
Medical devices used for patients and other persons to reduce the risk
BFE 95 PFE 95 N/A (EN14683)
Type I Level 1 of spread of infections particularly in epidemic or pandemic situations.
>=95% >=95% 80mm Hg (ASTM F2100)
These are likely to be sold to consumers
BFE 98 PFE 98 N/A(EN14683) Medical devices which offer a higher level of protection to patients
Type II Level 2
>=98% >=98% 120mm Hg (ASTM F2100) and healthcare workers
Highest level of protection and splash resistant - R stands for splash
BFE 98 PFE 98 120 (EN14683)
Type IIR Level 3 resistant
>=98% >=98% 160mm Hg (ASTM F2100)
Note - Standards have different requirements

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FACE MASKS – PARTICLE RESPIRATORS
TYPES AND CLASSIFICATIONS

MASK TYPE FUNCTION CLASSIFICATION TEST STANDARDS

EN 149/FFP1,2,3 (Medical FFP2 or above)
NIOSH 42 CFR 84
Good breathability with design
N95,N99,N100
Particulate respirator or that does not collapse against
Personal Protection (Medical N95 or above)
FFP (Filtering Face Piece) the mouth (e.g. duckbill, cup-
shaped) GB 2626/KN90,95,100 (Medical KN 95 or above)
AN/NZS1716 / P1,2,3
(Medical P2 or above)

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FACE MASKS – PARTICLE RESPIRATORS
TYPES AND CLASSIFICATIONS
EN 149 NIOSH 42 CFR 84 PARTICLE
TYPICAL USE
CLASS CLASS FILTRATION
Dust Masks protect against low levels of dust, as well as solid and liquid aerosols. Dust Masks are
FFP1 >=80% suitable for hand sanding, drilling, and cutting

This type of mask is uaually disposable and may be used in construction and by healthcare professionals
FFP2 >=94%
against influenza viruses.
N95/R95/P95 >=95% Minimal Level of Protection Approved for Medical Use

FFP3 N99/P99 >=99% Masks are suitable for handling hazardous powders, such as those found in the pharmaceutical industry.
To protect workers from exposure to dust, fumes and hazardous mists.They also provide protection
N100/P100 against contagious disease
Masks which may be used in surgical situations. Additional testing such as bacterial filtration test and
Medical Use
fluid resistance test under EN 14683 or ASTM F2100 required.
Example of FFP1 Example of FFP2 Example of FFP3

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FACE MASKS
TEST STANDARDS – EU
European Market
Standards
Test Parameters
EN 14683 EN 149
Bacterial Filtration Efficiency (BFE) X
Differential Pressure X
Particle Filter Efficiency Tests (PFE) X
Resistance to Penetration by X
Synthetic Blood (SBP)
Flammability X
Microbial Cleanliness X
Total Inward Leakage X
Inhalation Resistance X
Exhalation Resistance X
Practical Performance - Filtration X
Carbon Dioxide Content of the X
Inhalation Air
Strength of Attachment of X
Exhalation Value
Biocompatibility X

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FACE MASKS COMPLIANCE
FOR EU MARKET
Personal Protective Equipment Medical Devices
Equipment designed and manufactured to be worn or Any instrument, apparatus, appliance or other article intended
held by a person for protection against one or more by the manufacturer to be used for human beings for specific
risks to that person's health or safety (Regulation (EU) medical purposes (e.g. prevention of disease) (Regulation (EU)
2016/425) 2017/745)
Devices which provide respiratory protection
DO NOT Contact
Non Class I
touch intact
CATEGORY III Protection against risks that may cause invasive
patients skin only
MD
serious consequences such as death or irreversible
damage to health, e.g. harmful biological agents Sterile Masks – Require Not-auditing and assessment of
production and quality system by a MDD/MDR Notified Body

LEGAL COMPLIANCE
1 2 3 4 5 6

Under legal TESTING based EU TYPE

Cat III PPE for Draw CE MARKING
framework – on harmonized EXAMINATION
respiratory Declaration of
Regulation (EU) standard (i.e. by our Notified
protection) Conformity
2016/425 EN 149) Bodies

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FACE MASKS
TEST STANDARDS – USA
US Market
Standards
Test Parameters ASTM F2100- NIOSH 42 CFR
11 Part 84
Bacterial Filtration Efficiency
X
(BFE)
Differential Pressure X
Particle Filter Efficiency
X X
Tests (PFE)
Resistance to Penetration
X
by Synthetic Blood (SBP)
Flammability X
Inhalation Resistance X
Exhalation Resistance X
Isoamyl Acetate Tightness
X
Test
Valve Leakage X
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FACE MASKS COMPLIANCE
FOR US MARKET – FDA EUA
The Emergency Use
Authorization (EUA)
allows FDA to increase
the availability of
general use face masks
for the general public
and particulate filtering
facepiece respirators
(including N95
respirators) for health
care professionals
during COVID-19
pandemic.
Facemasks1 Imported Filtering Facepiece
Respirators2
Previously approved with proper
Labeled accurately to describe the classifications:
product as: • Australia
1. Face mask and includes a list of • Brazil
the body contacting materials • Europe
(which does not include any • Japan
drugs or biologics) • Korea
2. Not for: • Mexico
• Surgical or liquid barrier Previous Market Authorization:
protection • European CE Mark
• Clinical situation with high • Australian Register of
potential exposure Therapeutic Goods (ARTG)
• Antimicrobial or antiviral • Health Canada License
protection • Japan Pharmaceuticals and
• Particulate protection Medical Device (PMDA)/Ministry
• High risk aerosol procedures of Health Labour and Welfare
(MHLW)
Non-NIOSH China Filtering
Facepiece Respirators3
Manufactured by an entity that holds
one or more NIOSH approvals for
other models of FFRs produced in
accordance with the applicable
standards of authorization in other
countries that can be verified by FDA
Regulatory authorization under a
jurisdiction, including the Chinese
National Medical Products
Administration (NMPA) registration
certification by an appropriate
provincial or municipal regulatory
authority, that can be authenticated
and verified by FDA
Previously listed in Appendix A under
the April 3, 2020 letter of
authorization

1-FDA EUA Facemasks, April 24, 2020- https://www.fda.gov/media/137121/download

2-FDA EUA FFRS Imported Non China, March 28, 2020- https://www.fda.gov/media/136403/download
3-FDA EUA FFRS Imported Non-NIOSH China, May 7, 2020- https://www.fda.gov/media/136664/download
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PROTECTIVE GOWNS

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PROTECTIVE GOWNS – CLINICAL GOWNS
TYPES AND CLASSIFICATIONS
In a broad sense, medical protective clothing includes all kinds of clothes worn by medical staff in the medical
environment, such as: daily work clothes, protective gowns and surgical clothes
MEDICAL CLOTHING
• Daily work clothes – not protective
BY USES • Surgical clothes
• Protective clothes

BY SERVICE • Disposable protective clothes

LIFE • Reusable protective clothes

GOWN TYPE FUNCTION CLASSIFICATION TEST STANDARDS

Medical Device EU - EN 13795 – Any level
Clinical Gown • Gown worn by a member of a EU – Class 1 Medical Device
Self Certification
US - ANSI PB70 – Any level/ASTM F2407 any
clinical team Level/ ASTM F3352 any level
(Single-use) • Intended for One Use If sterile - Notified Body Status China – YT/T 0506-2
Approval
EU – EN 14126 – Re-usable
• Protective clothing for the Personal Protection Category III
US - ANSI PB70 – Level 4/ASTM F2407 Level
Clinical items purpose of isolating parts of PPE Requires Certification from 4/ASTM F3352 Level 4
(Reusable) the body from direct contact Notified Body
with an infective agent Approval China – YT/T 0506-2
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PROTECTIVE GOWNS
TYPES AND CLASSIFICATIONS

USA
ASTM F2407/F3352
USE – GOWNS FOR…
ANSI PB70
Class 1 Use in Minimal Risk Environment
Class 2 Use in Low Risk Environment
Class 3 Use in Medium Risk Environment
Use in High Risk Environment in situations where viral and liquid and blood resistance is
Class 4
required

EUROPE
EN 13795-1 USE - SINGLE USE GOWNS FOR…
Standard Performance Minimum performance requirements for use in clinical procedures.
High Performance High performance requirements for use in clinical procedures.
EN 14126 USE - Re-usable and limited use protective clothing

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PROTECTIVE GOWNS
KEY TEST PARAMETERS
BLOOD RESISTANCE TEST RESISTANCE TO DRY MICROBIAL PENETRATION
This test method is intended to help assess the effectiveness of This test method provides a means for assessing the protection
materials used in protective clothing for protecting the wearer and resistance to air-borne infection through dust and other
against contact with body fluids that potentially contain blood- particles.
borne pathogens.
It assesses the resistance of the gown to synthetic blood under
conditions of continuous liquid contact.

PATHOGEN RESISTANCE TEST RESISTANCE TO WET MICROBIAL PENETRATION TEST

The test method is used to measure the resistance of the The test method is used to measure the resistance of the
material used in the protective clothing to penetration by material when it is when and is subject to mechanical action
bloodborne pathogens. It is designed to assess the viruses such as rubbing. It is intended to simulate use of the garment
which may be transmitted in blood and other potentially and tests critical areas of the gown which may be in contact
infectious body fluids with the patient
ANSI PB 70 ASTM F2407 EN 13795-1 EN 14126 EN 13795-1 EN 14126
RESISTANCE TO ASTM F1670 ASTM F1670 ISO 16603 RESISTANCE TO INFECTION - DRY
ISO 22612
BLOOD ISO 16603 ISO 16603 ASTM F1670 TEST
RESISTANCE ASTM F1671 ASTM F1671 ISO 16604 RESISTANCE TO INFECTIONS -
ISO 22610
PATHOGENS ISO 16604 ISO 16604 ASTM 1671 WET TEST

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PROTECTIVE GOWNS
TEST STANDARDS – USA
TEST PARAMETERS ANSI PB70 ASTM F2407/F3352
AATCC 42 AATCC 42
WATER RESISTANCE
(mod) (mod)
HYDROSTATIC HEAD AATCC 127 AATCC 127
TENSILE STRENGTH
-- ASTM D5034
(DRY AND WET)
ASTM D1683
SEAM STRENGTH --
ASTM D751
ASTM D5587
TEAR STRENGTH --
ASTM D5733
-- ASTM F1868 Part B
EVAPORATIVE RESISTANCE OR
WATER VAPOR TRANSMISSION ASTM F1868 part B
--
NONWOVEN AND PLASTIC BARRIER MATERIALS ASTM D6701

AIR PERMEABILITY ASTM D737

PARTICLE RELEASE ISO 9073-10
ABRASION ASTM D4966 (ASTM F3352 only)
FLEX DURATION ASTM F392 (ASTM F3352 only)

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PROTECTIVE GOWNS
TEST STANDARDS – EU
TEST PARAMETERS EN 13795-1
MICROBIAL PENETRATION – WET
ISO 22610
(CRITICAL AREA ONLY)
MICROBIAL PENETRATION – DRY
(LESS CRITICAL AREA ONLY) ISO 22612
ISO 22612 : 2005
CLEANLINESS – MICROBIAL
ISO 11737-1
ISO 11737-1 : 2018
PARTICLE RELEASE
ISO 9073-10
ISO 9073-10 : 2003
RESISTANCE TO LIQUID PENETRATION
ISO 811
EN ISO 811 : 2018
BURSTING STRENGTH
ISO 13938-1 : 1999
(DRY AND WET)
TENSILE STRENGTH – DRY
WET (CRITICAL AREA ONLY) ISO 9073-3
EN 29073-3 : 1992

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PROTECTIVE GOWNS
TEST STANDARDS – EU
TEST PARAMETERS EN 14126
RESISTANCE TO PENETRATION BY SYNTHETIC BLOOD ISO 16603
RESISTANCE TO PENETRATION BY BLOOD-BORNE PATHOGENS ISO 16604
RESISTANCE TO PENETRATION BY INFECTIVE AGENTS ISO 22610 : 2006
RESISTANCE TO PENETRATION BY BIOLOGICALLY CONTAMINATED
ISO/DIS 22611 : 2003
AEROSOLS
RESISTANCE TO PENETRATION BY BIOLOGICALLY CONTAMINANT DUST ISO 22612 : 2005
Woven – ISO 13934-1
TENSILE STRENGTH (DRY AND WET)
Non-woven – ISO 9073-3
SEAM STRENGTH ISO 13935-2
TEAR STRENGTH ISO 9073-4
BURSTING STRENGTH (DRY AND WET) ISO 13938-1 : 1999
ABRASION EN ISO 12947-2
FLEX RESISTANCE EN ISO 7854, method B.
PUNCTURE RESISTANCE EN 863
LIQUID RESISTANCE ISO 6530
FLAMMABILITY EN 13274-4 method 3
RESISTANCE TO LIQUID PENETRATION EN ISO 811 : 2018 ISO 811
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FURTHER STRENGTHENING OF THE EXPORT QUALITY SUPERVISION
OF EPIDEMIC PREVENTION MATERIALS BY THE CHINA GOVERNMENT

From April 26, 2020

MEDICAL SUPPLIES
NON-MEDICAL MASKS (medical masks, medical protective clothing, respirators &
infrared thermometers)

Joint Declaration
Export Declaration of
White List Black List of the Exporter White List
and the Importer Medical Supplies

Source: http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2020-04/26/content_5506162.htm

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PROTECTIVE EYEWEAR

© Intertek Group 23
PROTECTIVE EYEWEAR
TYPES

Safety Goggles
Intended to tightly fit the face by means of an adjustable head strap,
which surround the eyes in order to shield the eyes from certain
hazards, including flying particles or liquid splashes

Face Shields
Devices used to protect the user’s eyes and face from hazards such as
flying objects, bodily fluids, liquid splashes, or potentially infectious
materials

© Intertek Group 24
PROTECTIVE EYEWEAR
key test standards

Personal Protective Equipment for Medical Use – Safety goggles and Face shields
Market

European Union United States Australia Canada

Standard EN 166:2001 ANSI/ISEA Z87.1-2020 AS/NZS 1337.1 CSA Z94.3

Key Functional • General Construction and Materials – is the product comfortable to wear
Tests
• Visibility and Light Filtering – can the wearer see clearly

• Protection and Droplets and Splashes - how much protection is there against droplets

• Resistance to Aging, Impact and High Temperatures – is the product strong and durable

© Intertek Group 25
PROTECTIVE EYEWEAR
key test parameters and markings/ instructions requirements
PHYSICAL TESTING MARKINGS (product)
Optical Properties • Clear and permanent
• e.g. the amount of light transmitted between • Designation of the standard (e.g. EN 166 or
380 and 700 nm Z87….)
Strength • Identification of the manufacturer
• Symbols for Optical Class, Strength & other
• drop a 43g steel ball from 1.3m height on to the
lens or visor properties e.g. resistance to fogging
Resistance to ignition
INSTRUCTIONS (packaging)
• contact hot metal surface 600oC for 8 seconds,
cannot catch fire
• Name and address of the manufacturer
• Instructions for storage, use and maintenance
Protection against droplets and liquid splash • Significance of marking on device
• liquid spray and a chemical dye, observe the • Warnings. e.g. replace if scratched or damaged
protected area which cannot be splashed

© Intertek Group 26
PROTECTIVE EYEWEAR COMPLIANCE
FOR EU MARKET
Personal Protective Equipment Medical Devices
Equipment designed and manufactured to be worn or held by Any instrument, apparatus, appliance or other article intended
a person for protection against one or more risks to that by the manufacturer to be used for human beings for specific
person's health or safety (Regulation (EU) 2016/425) medical purposes (e.g. prevention of disease) (Regulation (EU)
2017/745)
CATEGORY I Protection against minimal risks such as
superficial mechanical injury, sunlight, hot surface not
exceeding 50 °C Non
DO NOT Contact
Class I
touch intact
CATEGORY II Protection against risks other than Cat I or III invasive
patients skin only
MD
CATEGORY III Protection against risks that may cause serious
consequences such as death or irreversible damage to health,
e.g. harmful biological agents

LEGAL COMPLIANCE
1 2 3 4 5 6
a) Cat II PPE for
Under legal eye protection TESTING based EU TYPE
(safety goggles) Draw CE MARKING
framework – on harmonized EXAMINATION
b) Cat II PPE for Declaration of
Regulation (EU) eye and face standard by our Notified
Conformity
2016/425 protection (face (i.e. EN 166) Bodies
shields)
© Intertek Group 27
PROTECTIVE EYEWEAR COMPLIANCE
eu and us markets
EUROPE – Commission Recommendation (EU) 2020/403 provides interim guidance for
manufacturers on how to make the PPE available
1. Can adopt either harmonized standard OR comparable technical solutions according to WHO
recommendations for conformity assessment
2. PPE/MD (without CE-mark) can be making available during the crisis situation, provided that it is for health
workers only (not for public), and meets essential safety requirements, but the NB conformity is still
pending.

USA - Face Shields intended for medical purpose (for health care workers) can be marketed , if they
do not create any undue risk, even if they do not comply with the applicable CFR regulations for
Medical Devices. Face shields are deemed to not create any undue risk if they:
1. Include labelling that accurately describes the product as a face shield for medical use
2. The Shield is not integrated with any other PPE
3. Does not contain any materials that will cause flammability, OR they meet 16CFR 1610, Class I or Class II
(unless it is labelled with a recommendation against use in the presence of high intensity heat source or
flammable gas)
4. There is no labelling or claim to imply that the Shield on its own can provide protection from virus
infection
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HAND SANITIZER

© Intertek Group
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HAND SANITIZER
TYPES AND CLASSIFICATIONS

HAND SANITIZER TYPE FUNCTION AUTHORITY TEST STANDARDS

ALCOHOL-BASED
Alcohol-based products typically contain The high concentration
between 60% and 95% alcohol, usually of alcohol denatures
in the form of ethanol, isopropanol, or n- proteins, effectively US - ASTM E 2315
propanol. May contain emollients (e.g. destroying certain types TRA also recommended for US products
glycerine) that soothe the skin, of microorganisms Europe - EN 1276 (also EN 1040, EN
thickening agents, and fragrance. USA – FDA 1275, EN 1650, EN 1500 for product
Europe - ECHA development)
ALCOHOL-FREE
Alcohol-free products are generally Alcohol content confirmation test (for
The activity of alcohol –based)
based on non-alcoholic antimicrobial
antimicrobial agents is
agents such as Benzalkonium Chloride
both quick and
(BAC). May contain emollients (e.g.
persistent.
glycerine) that soothe the skin,
thickening agents, and fragrance.

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HAND SANITIZER
TEST STANDARDS – US

US Market

KEY TEST PARAMETERS FOR ASTM E 2315

• Challenge Test using Microbial Flora (could be bacteria,

yeast, mold etc.)

• Micro-organisms are not specified ( client may select or

we can propose)

• Testing takes 7 days to complete

• Testing is usually done at 25℃ ( unless otherwise

requested)

NOTE: The supplier should list any specific test conditions they want to test, we can modify the test
programme accordingly. Supplier should also list out the active ingredients in the formulation

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HAND SANITIZER
TEST STANDARDS – EU

EU Market

KEY TEST PARAMETERS FOR EN 1276

• Challenge Test, to assess how well the active

ingredients in the formulation kill bacteria

• Uses the following bacteria : E. hirae; E. coli; P.

aeruginosa; S. aureus; E. faecium

• Testing takes 7 days to complete

• Testing is done over a range of temperatures from 4℃

to 60℃

NOTE: The supplier should list any specific test conditions they want to test, we can modify the
test programme accordingly. Supplier should also list out the active ingredients in the formulation

© Intertek Group 32
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 MIKE REDSHAW
mike.redshaw@intertek.com

ROB BURTON
rob.burton@intertek.com

© Intertek Group 33
 ©2020 INTERTEK ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No reproduction of this material is allowed without
written permission of Intertek. Contact icenter@intertek.com for additional inquiries.
© Intertek Group