INTRODUCTION:

Currently we can appreciate various environmental problems, for example: Global warming,
which reduces opportunities for the production of goods or services, and generates an
environmental, social and economic problem. At the beginning of the 21st century, different
management strategies were established as instruments to solve or mitigate these problems,
which are basically about human activities. For which in this work we will focus on the
concepts, characteristics and examples of these environmental management instruments.
ARE INSTRUMENTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IMPORTANT IN HUMAN
ACTIVITIES?
The Instruments of Environmental Management in general, are mechanisms oriented to apply
or realize an objective of the environmental policy. Through these instruments, the
constitutional right to a balanced and adequate environment is enforced, by setting a set of
obligations, incentives and responsibilities to different actors. The Environmental Management
Instruments are very diverse. If they had been used for a long time in Peru, for example in the
case of mining, the quality of life would be better.
Among these, there are: (i) Environmental Management Systems, national, sector, regional or
local; (ii) Environmental Territorial Planning; (iii) Environmental impact assessment; (iv)
Environmental certification (v) Closure Plans; (vi) Contingency Plans; vii) National
Environmental Quality Standards all of these are the best know or popular; (viii) Environmental
guarantees; (ix) Environmental information systems; (x) Economic instruments; (xi)
Prevention, adaptation, control and remediation strategies, plans and programs; (xii) Citizen
Participation Mechanisms; (xiii) Comprehensive Waste Management Plans; (xiv) Instruments
of Environmental Control and Sanction, among others.
The Environmental Management Instruments that are under the scope of the National System
of Environmental Impact Assessment (SEIA), are classified into two main types: a)
Environmental Studies and b) Complementary Environmental Management Instruments.
Environmental Studies are instruments that must be approved before the execution of an
investment project. Among these instruments are: (i) Environmental Impact Statement (DIA),
(ii) Semi-detailed Environmental Impact Study (EIA-sd). (iii) Detailed Environmental Impact
Study (EIA-d). The complementary Environmental Management Instruments are instruments
that are evaluated and approved after the start of the investment project. These are:
Adaptation Plans, Sustainability Technical Report (ITS) Closure or Abandonment Plans,
Remediation Plans, among others. Both of these types are necessary to develop
environmental policy well.
CONCLUSION:
The importance of IGAs on human activities is of very high value, since with these strategies,
industries or companies comply with their Environmental policy, in terms of the impact they
generate on the environment, without neglecting other important factors such as social and
economic.