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Table of Content

1.0 Introduction P.1

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2.0 Theory of thermography P.2 - 5

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3.0 Infrared Thermography Applications Overview P.6 - 12

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1.0 Introduction
1.1What is IR Thermography?
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Graph 1.1 Visible photograph and two infrared

thermograms, one with a rainbow palette and the
other with an iron bow palette.


2.0 Theory of thermography
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2.1 What is Infrared?
2.2 What is the electromagnetic spectrum?
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Graph 2.1 The electromagnetic spectrum

2.3 Where does infrared energy come from?

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2.4 What is Infrared Thermography?

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Graph 2.4 Black and white and color thermograms
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Visible light Near infrared Thermal infrared
“Night Vision”
Graph 2.5 Night vision goggles amplify small amounts
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2.6 If IR cameras don’t see temperature, what
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2.5 How is thermal imaging different from
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2.7 Basic Concept
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no downtime. Images are recorded digitally for later
analysis at an image processing workstation.
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detect potential circuit overload or areas of unusually
high electrical resistance, allowing electricians to
replace the circuit before failure, eliminating costly
downtime or further damage to the electrical system.

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companies must have reliable power lines to provide
their customers with the service they expect and
deserve. Unfortunately, when lightning arresters fail,
the whole system hangs in the balance. Regular
inspections can help prevent power outages by
detecting bad lightning arresters in substations and
faults in distribution lines.
Substation - A wide view of a substation can quickly
show areas where unwanted high resistance
connections exist. Electrical current passing through a
resistive connection produces heat; electrical systems
get hot when connections loosen or corrode and
power is not properly transmitted — no other
predictive maintenance technology is as effective for
electrical inspections as IR thermography.

Transformer Radiators - This infrared image shows a
cold radiator (lower left) possibly due to a bad pump.
This could be a serious problem as the capacity of the
transformer is reduced.
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Building diagnostics - Infrared testing is used to detect
heating & cooling loss or moisture problems due to
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damage & leaks beneath the surface of the roof
allowing the opportunity repair the section before it
continues to spread.
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there are multiple levels in a tank, allowing workers to
Preventative Maintenance - Plant maintenance determine whether or not the product is contaminated
technicians use infrared testing as a form of preventive or the tank itself needs to be serviced. This allows
maintenance by monitoring a variety of machine parts. them to optimize the product. And when weather
By evaluating a machine’s temperature signatures conditions are optimal, leaks from PRV’s, steam, hot
when in normal operating conditions, one can perform gases and propane can be illuminated.
periodic infrared inspections to detect overheating
joints, bearings, etc. in order to avoid costly downtime.
This kind of preventative or predictive maintenance is
JYP[PJHS[VPUJYLHZPUN THPU[HPUPUNWSHU[LMÄJPLUJPLZ

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breakdown a crude heater stack is clearly shown in
this thermal image. If it is unchecked, the condition
Transformer - Excess heat on this distribution
would accelerate and cause metal degradation and
transformer was attributed to internal damage plus
catastrophic failure.
low oil level.


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irregularities on critical parts.
PC Board - PC board with overheating component.
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automotive seat.
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provide visual images of diseases like breast cancer,
carpal tunnel and arthritis.
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area of the proximal suspensory and proximal aspect
of the medial splint bone.

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differential, the longitudinal section shown in the
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exhibits exceptional thermal uniformity. The mean
density of this asphalt mat is 2,205 kilograms per cubic
meter, with a maximum of 2,247 kg/m3 and a minimum
of 2,179 kg/m3.The visual photo of the road taken a
year later shows no evidence of wear or degradation.


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