EJEMPLO 1 DE SERIES CON PSR / Prof D.

Soto Bello

ED: x y - y = x sen(x)  y(x) = yc(x) + yp(x)

x0 = 0 (singular regular  verificar). Se pide hallar la solución en la vecindad de x 0 = 0
∞ ∞
n+r n+r -1
a) ¿yc(x)?  x yc - yc = 0  yc(x) = ∑ a n x , yc(x) = ∑ ( n+r ) a n x
n=0 n=0

∞ ∞ ∞ ∞
x yc - yc = 0  x ∑ ( n+r ) a n x n+r -1 - ∑ a n x n+r = 0 ∑ ( n+r ) a n x n+r - ∑ a n x n+r = 0
n=0 n=0 n=0 n=0

∑ ¿¿ = 0  (n + r – 1) a n = 0 , con n  0
n=0

n = 0  (0+ r – 1) = 0  r = 1

n  0  (n + r – 1) a n = 0  (n + 1 – 1) a n = 0  n a n = 0  a n = 0 , con n > 0

∞ ∞ ∞
n+r n+1 n+1
 yc(x) = ∑ a n x = yc(x) = ∑ a n x = a0 x + ∑ a n x = a0 x
n=0 n=0 n= 1

∞ ∞
n+r n+r -1
b) ¿yp(x)?  x yp - yp = x sen(x)  yp(x) = ∑ bn x , yp(x) = ∑ ( n+r ) b n x
n=0 n=0

∞ ∞
x yp - yp = x sen(x)  x ∑ ( n+r ) bn x n+r-1 - ∑ b n x n+r = x sen(x)
n=0 n=0

∞ ∞ ∞
n+r n+r
∑ ( n+r ) bn x - ∑ bn x = x sen(x)  ∑ ¿¿ = x sen(x)
n=0 n=0 n=0

∞
(-1) n
sen(x) = ∑ x 2n+1
n=0 ( 2n+1) !
∞ ∞
(-1) n
∑ ¿¿ = ∑ ( 2n+1) ! x 2n+ 2
n=0 n=0
Corrimiento de indice a la izquierda: n  2 n + 2

∞ ∞ n
∑ ¿ ¿ = ∑ (-1)
( 2n+1) !
x 2n+2
n=-1 n=0

r=0 ,

∞ ∞
(-1) n
∑ ¿¿ = ∑ ( 2n+1) ! x 2n+2
n=-1 n=0
 ∞ ∞
(-1) n
-b0 x + ∑ ¿¿ x2n+2 = ∑ ( 2n+1) ! x 2n+2, con n  0
n=0 n=0

(-1)n (-1)n
Por lo tanto: b0 = 0 , ¿ =  b2 n +2 = , con n  0
(2 n+1)! ( 2 n+1 ) (2 n+1)!

∞ ∞ ∞
(-1) n
yp(x) = ∑ bn x
n
(n  2n+2)  yp(x) = ∑ b2 n+2 x
2 n +2
= b0 + ∑ x 2 n +2
n=0 n=-1 n= 0 ( 2 n+1 ) (2 n+1)!
∞ ∞ n ∞
(-1) (-1) n
yp(x) = ∑ b2 n+2 x
2 n +2
= b0 +x2 ∑ x 2 n = x2 ∑ x2n
n=-1 n= 0 ( 2 n+1 ) (2 n+1)! n= 0 ( 2 n+1 ) (2 n+1)!

∞
(-1) n
 y(x) = yc(x) + yp(x) = a0 x + x2 ∑ x2n
n= 0 2 n+1 (2 n+1)!
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