Smart Materials Research 5 mot 7 met ° @ 0 Wo \ ara Foor 7 Hs Des ° oO n-3 m2 @ ® Ficune 7: Wind load estimation from pressure data: the tributary area of floor N was divided into smaller areas; pressure forces acting on. cach smaller atea, A, were calculated based on pressure data at the nearest presse tap, mt. [OX WS aR a ie = ww a eo as os ° al GE un om 0 os OB OB | 02 01 01 0000S an OL 02 Input variable "Ace30" Input vale Ae 30" « ® A eee ee es St sr as as ° ° NM “03-04-03 02-010 01 02 03 04 08 04-03-02 -O1 0 ON 02 03 04 Input varie Acca” Input aie "e748" @ @ Floune &: Membership fanctions forthe input measured accelerations inthe x-direction (Acc-30, Acc-x48) andthe y-direction (Ace-y- 30,Ace-y-48). loads are x and y directions, respectively. 0) = (F(t) Fy(0]", in which F,(t) and B,(¢) are m x 1 vectors of external forces, acting in x and y directions, respectively. Using the first N ‘modes obtained by FEM with the next transformation MX + CX +KX = F(r), w where X = [x y]" is a 2n x 1 vector and m is the number of nodes, while x and y are vectors of nodal displacements, X= 0Q, @‘Smart Materials Research VE NL"NM” NS NVSZRPWS PS” PM” PL PVL “3 2-10 12 3 4 5 xi! ‘Output variable “force” @ NYT NU NM NS NVSZRPVS” Ps PM PL PL os “I 08 06-04-02 0 02 04 06 OR 1 x10 Output variable force y" o Figure 9: Membership functions forthe output contro force inthe x-direction (Force-x) and the y-direction (Force-y). or 0203 Oa Frequency (He) — Acceleration in -ditctons for 90 deg ‘Aceceaton in y-direction for 90 de, os 0807 Ficune 10: Power spectra of the aceleration response ofthe top coer ofthe building inthe two lateral where @ is 2n x N matrix of eigenvectors and Q is Nx 1 vector of generalized displacements; that is, Pili) 2m) ++ Owl) Pilx2) Polar) +++ Pw(a2) Pil%e) rl%e) e+ Pula) dln) Gol) > dw | din) dala) +++ ond C 3 ° $10) 200m) *++ vl) a n 4x Substituting by (2) into (1) and premultiplying by 7, one obtains MOQ +@"COQ+O"KOQ = OF), (4) By assuming the damping matrix, C, to be proportional damping, (4) results into six uncoupled equations mud tends thugs = Soita)Fl) + Yip) Fl) = GF, ‘mai end + kas = Lextorut + Ze.65.A0= Ge 5 imi + end + kung = SOx Fault) + FOv (Bult) GF, where mis cis kin and GF, are generalized mass, generalized damping, generalized stiffness, and generalized force of the ith mode, respectively. Using the measurements obtained by the pressure transducers, pressure coefficients (matrix Cp) are evaluated at each tap location as a function of time. These values are used with the full-scale model to give the pressure distribution on the surface. The pressure values on the surface of the prototype can be calculated as le P( spacetime) = 3 pU°Cp (spacetime), 6) where P(space,time) is a matrix containing the pressure values on the surface of the full scale model as a function of space (x, y, and 2) and time; p isthe air density which is assumed to be 1.25kg/m? (according to [2]), and U is the prototype mean wind speed. The wind load at any node of the outer surface is the integration of the pressure over the surface area in the vicinity ofthe node as Finodes time) = | P(space,time)da 0