200 Most Commonly Prescribed Medications (NCSBN)

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1. adalimumab Antirheumatic - Biological Response Modifier 9. amoxicillin Anti-Infective - Penicillin (Aminopenicillin)

(Humira) - relieve pain, reduce inflammation, control (Amoxil) - beta-lactam, exert bactericidal action by
rheumatoid arthritis inhibiting bacterial cell wall production
Uses = treat RA by slowing down joint Uses = treat/prevent wide range of bacterial
destruction and preserving joint function, target infections including streptococcal infections,
specific components of immune system syphyilis, and Lyme disease
2. albuterol Bronchodilator - Beta Agonist 10. amoxicillin Antiulcer Agent - Anti-Infective
(Proventil, - increase mucociliary clearance (Amoxil) - block secretion of gastric acid
Proair) Uses = asthma rescue mediaction (short acting) Uses = treat/prevent peptic ulcer and gastric
hypersecretory conditions, treat recurrent
3. albuterol Antiasthmatic - Adrenergic
gastric and duodenal ulcers caused by
(Proventil, - relax smooth muscle that lines airway,
H.pylori
Ventolin, prevent allergic reaction or asthma symptoms
Proair, Uses = managing acute and chronic episodes 11. aripiprazole Antipsychotic - Atypical/2nd generation
AccuNeb) of reversible bronchoconstriction associated (Abilify) - block D2 receptors and specific serotonin
with asthma, treat acute attacks and decrease receptor
incidence and intensity of future attacks Uses = treat acute and chronic psychosis
especially when accompanied by increased
4. alendronate Bone Reabsorption Inhibitor
psychomotor activity, off label uses include
(Fosamax) - bind to hydroxyapatite in bone and inhibit
Tourette's, substance abuse, stuttering, OCD,
bone reabsorption by decreasing # and activity
PTSD, depression, bipolar disorder, and
of osteoclasts
personality disorders
Uses = prevent/treat osteoporosis in
postmenopausal women 12. atenolol Beta Blocker
(Tenormin) - block NE and E, reduce heart rate and BP by
5. alprazolam Benzodiazepine
dilating blood vessels
(Xanax) - depress CNS
Uses = treat HTN, heart failure, arrhythmias,
Uses = produce sedation or induce sleep,
angina, glaucoma, future heart attacks, and
relieve anxiety or muscle spasms
migraines
6. alprazolam Antianxiety Agent - Benzodiazepine
13. atorvastatin Lipid-Lowering Agent - HMG CoA Reductase
(Xanax) - act at many levels of CNS producing
(Lipitor) Inhibitor
anxiolytic effect, may produce CNS
- reduce LDL by inhibiting enzyme in liver
depression, effects may be mediated by GABA
responsible for making cholesterol
Uses = treat generalized anxiety disorder &
Uses = reduce cholesterol and prevent heart
panic disorder, manage anxiety associated with
disease
depression
14. azithromycin Anti-Infective - Macrolide
7. amitriptyline Antidepressant - Cyclic
(Zithromax) - bacteriostatic, inhibit bacterial growth &
(Elavil) - inhibit reuptake of serotonin and
reproduction by interfering with their ability to
norepinephrine resulting in increased levels of
make proteins
those neurotransmitters in the brain, also block
Uses = treat various systemic infections of
action of acetylcholine and histamine
respiratory tract & GI tract & soft tissues, treat
Uses = relieve depression and help treat OCD
severe acne & STIs, prevent pertussis, prevent
and bedwetting, off label uses include panic
endocarditis in dentistry
disorder & bulimia & chronic pain (migraine,
neuropathy, neuralgia) 15. benazepril Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE)
(Lotensin) inhibitor
8. amlodipine Calcium Channel Blocker
- blood vessels relax and dilate
(Norvasc) - slows rate at which Ca passes into heart
- lowers blood pressure
muscle and into vessel walls, relaxes vessels
- more oxygen-rich blood reaches the heart
and allows blood to flow more easily through
Uses = control BP, treat heart failure, help
them which lowers BP
prevent stroke
Uses = treat HTN, angina, abnormal heart
rhythms, used with post-MI pts that cannot
tolerate beta blockers
16. bisoprolol Beta Blocker 24. citalopram Antidepressant - SSRI
(Zebeta) - block NE and E, reduce heart rate and BP by (Celexa) - block reuptake of serotonin
dilating blood vessels Uses = primarily treat moderate-to-severe
Uses = treat HTN, heart failure, arrhythmias, depression and chronic fatigue syndrome,
angina, glaucoma, future heart attacks, and treat premenstrual dysphoric disorder,
migraines OCD, panic disorder, PTSD, and
generalized anxiety disorder
17. budesonide Bronchodilator - Combo (Inhaled Steroid +
+ formoterol Long Acting Beta Agonist) 25. clonazepam Anticonvulsant - Benzodiazepine
(Symbicort ) - relax bronchial muscle and enlarge airways (Klonopin) - depress CNS function, regulate
Uses = control daily asthma symptoms (long electrochemicals in the brain
acting) Uses = help control epileptic seizures,
treat neuropathic pain (associated with
18. carisoprodol Skeletal Muscle Relaxant - Musculoskeletal
diabetes, shingles, fibromyalgia) &
(Soma) Agent
migraines & bipolar disorder
- act centrally on spinal cord or brain stem
and inhibit neuronal transmission 26. clonazepam Benzodiazepine
Uses = treat spasticity, reduce symptoms of (Klonopin) - depress CNS
acute painful musculoskeletal conditions Uses = produce sedation or induce sleep,
relieve anxiety or muscle spasms, prevent
19. carvedilol Beta Blocker
seizures
(Coreg) - block NE and E, reduce heart rate and BP by
dilating blood vessels 27. clopidogrel Antiplatelet Agent - Adenosine
Uses = treat HTN, heart failure, arrhythmias, (Plavix) Diphosphate Receptor Inhibitor
angina, glaucoma, future heart attacks, and - block formation of blood clots by
migraines preventing formation of platelets
Uses = treat/prevent thromboembolic
20. cefdinir Anti-Infective - Cephalosporin (3rd
events (such as stroke, MI, or peripheral
(Omnicef) generation)
vascular disease), prescribed after
- broad spectrum antibiotic, interfere with
placement of stents or artificial valves
bacterial cell wall synthesis
Uses = treat bacterial infections (including 28. codeine Opioid Analgesic
respiratory tract infections, skin and soft tissue - interact with opioid receptors and alters
infections, and urinary tract infections) perception and response to pain
Uses = manage moderate-to-severe pain
21. celecoxib NSAID - COX 2 Selective Inhibitor
(Celebrex) - block cyclooxygenase enzymes and reduce 29. colesevelam Lipid-Lowering Agent - Bile Acid
prostoglandins (Welchol) Sequestrant
Uses = control mild-to-moderate pain, reduce - reduce LDL by binding to bile acid and
fever, treat various inflammatory conditions preventing absorption or cholesterol by
small intestine
22. cephalexin Anti-Infective - Cephalosporin (1st generation)
Uses = reduce cholesterol and prevent
(Keflex) - broad spectrum antibiotic, interfere with
heart disease
bacterial cell wall synthesis
Uses = treat bacterial infections (including 30. cyclobenzaprine Skeletal Muscle Relaxant -
respiratory tract infections, skin and soft tissue (Flexeril) Musculoskeletal Agent
infections, and urinary tract infections) - act centrally on spinal cord or brain
stem and inhibit neuronal transmission
23. ciprofloxacin Anti-Infective - Fluoroquinolone
Uses = treat spasticity, reduce symptoms
(Cipro) - bactericidal, only class of antimicrobial
of acute painful musculoskeletal
agents that directly inhibit DNA synthesis in
conditions
bacteria
Uses = wide range of infections of the sinuses,
skin, lungs, ears, airway, urinary tract, bones,
and joints caused by gram negative and
positive organisms
*Prevents and treats anthrax ?
31. dabigatran Anticoagulant - Thrombin Inhibitor
(Pradaxa) - inhibit thrombin
Uses = prevent or treat blood clots
associated with stroke, heart attack, heart
valve disease, coronary artery disease,
heart failure, arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation,
40.
DVT, and pulmonary embolism
**Special: check labs before giving
(specifically PT, PTT, etc.), place pt on
bleeding precautions
32. desvenlafaxine Antidepressant - SNRI
41.
(Pristiq) - block reuptake of serotonin and
norepinephrine by presynaptic nerves,
increased levels elevates mood
Uses = treat depression, anxiety disorder,
panic disorder, and other mood disorders
33. dexlansoprazole Antiulcer Agent - Proton Pump Inhibitor
(Dexilant ) - block secretion of gastric acid
Uses = treat/prevent peptic ulcer and
gastric hypersecretory conditions, treat
recurrent gastric and duodenal ulcers
42.
caused by H.pylori
34. diazepam Antianxiety Agent - Benzodiazepine
(Valium) - act at many levels of CNS producing
anxiolytic effect, may produce CNS
depression, effects may be mediated by
GABA
43.
Uses = treat generalized anxiety disorder
& panic disorder, manage anxiety
associated with depression
35. diazepam Benzodiazepine
(Valium) - depress CNS
Uses = produce sedation or induce sleep,
relieve anxiety or muscle spasms
44.
36. diazepam Anticonvulsant - Benzodiazepine
(Valium) - depress CNS function, regulate
electrochemicals in the brain
Uses = help control epileptic seizures,
treat neuropathic pain (associated with
diabetes, shingles, fibromyalgia) &
migraines & bipolar disorder
45.
37. digoxin Antiarrhythmic
(Lanoxin) - slow down the heart
Uses = suppress potentially lethal
arrhythmias
38. diltiazem Calcium Channel Blocker
(Cardizem) - slows rate at which Ca passes into heart 46.
muscle and into vessel walls, relaxes
vessels and allows blood to flow more
easily through them which lowers BP
Uses = treat HTN, angina, abnormal heart
rhythms, used with post-MI pts that
cannot tolerate beta blockers
39. diltiazem Antiarrhythmic - Class IV (Calcium-Channel
(Cardizem, Blocker)
Dilacor, - slow down the heart
Tiazac) Uses = suppress potentially lethal cardiac
arrhythmias
donepezil Anti-Alzheimer's Agent - cholinesterase
(Aricept ) inhibitor
- may prevent breakdown of acetylcholine
by blocking activity of acetylcholinesterase
Uses = treats mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's
doxycycline Anti-Infective - Tetracycline
(Vibramycin) - broad spectrum,bacteriostatic, inhibits
protein synthesis in bacteria
Uses = treat respiratory tract infections, treat
acne & skin infcetions & genital infections
(syphilis,chlamydia) & urinary tract
infections, treat Lyme disease &
microplasmal infections & rickettsial
infections & infections that cause stomach
ulcers (caused by H. pylori)
duloxetine Antidepressant - SNRI
(Cymbalta) - block reuptake of serotonin and
norepinephrine by presynaptic nerves,
increased levels elevates mood
Uses = treat depression, anxiety disorder,
panic disorder, and other mood disorders
enalapril Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE)
(Vasotec) inhibitor
- blood vessels relax and dilate
- lowers blood pressure
- more oxygen-rich blood reaches the heart
Uses = control BP, treat heart failure, help
prevent stroke
escitalopram Antidepressant - SSRI
(Lexapro) - block reuptake of serotonin
Uses = primarily treat moderate-to-severe
depression and chronic fatigue syndrome,
treat premenstrual dysphoric disorder, OCD,
panic disorder, PTSD, and generalized
anxiety disorder
esomeprazole Antiulcer Agent - Proton Pump Inhibitor
(Nexium) - block secretion of gastric acid
Uses = treat/prevent peptic ulcer and gastric
hypersecretory conditions, treat recurrent
gastric and duodenal ulcers caused by
H.pylori
eszopiclone Sedative/Hypnotic
(Lunesta) - moderate activity and excitement while
inducing calming effect, may induce
drowsiness and sleep
Uses = provide sedation, also used as
muscle relaxants
47. etanercept Antirheumatic - Biological Response Modifier 56. gabapentin Anticonvulsant - GABA anlogue
(Enbrel) - relieve pain, reduce inflammation, control (Neurontin) - depress CNS function, regulate
rheumatoid arthritis electrochemicals in the brain
Uses = treat RA by slowing down joint Uses = help control epileptic seizures,
destruction and preserving joint function, treat neuropathic pain (associated with
target specific components of immune system diabetes, shingles, fibromyalgia) &
migraines & bipolar disorder
48. ezetimibe Lipid-Lowering Agent
(Zetia) - reduce LDL 57. glyburide (DiaBeta) Antidiabetic - Oral Agent
Uses = reduce cholesterol and prevent heart (Sulfonylureas)
disease - stimulate insulin release from beta
cells of pancreas
49. famotidine Antiulcer Agent - Histamine H2-Receptor
Uses = treat type 2 diabetes
(Pepcid) Antagonist
- block secretion of gastric acid 58. herpes zoster Immunizing Agent
Uses = treat/prevent peptic ulcer and gastric vaccine Uses = prevent herpes zoster aka
hypersecretory conditions, treat recurrent chickenpox
gastric and duodenal ulcers caused by
59. human Immunizing Agent
H.pylori
papillomavirus Uses = prevent certain types of HPV
50. fexofenadine Antihistamine vaccine and cervical cancer
(Allegra) - prevent histamine from causing allergic
60. hydrochlorothiazide Diuretic - Thiazide
symptoms
- work in distal convoluted tubule by
Uses = relief of allergy symptoms
decreasing kidney reabsorption of
51. fluconazole Antifungal (Azole) sodium and chloride
(Diflucan) - aka "antimycotic agents", kill or inactivate Uses = treat HTN or edema due to
fungi heart failure or other causes
Uses = treat systemic or local or topical
61. hydrocodone Opioid Analgesic
fungal infections including yeast infections
(Norco, Vicodin) - interact with opioid receptors and
52. fluoxetine Antidepressant - SSRI alters perception and response to pain
(Prozac) - block reuptake of serotonin Uses = manage moderate-to-severe
Uses = primarily treat moderate-to-severe pain
depression and chronic fatigue syndrome,
62. hydroxyzine Sedative/Hypnotic
treat premenstrual dysphoric disorder, OCD,
(Atarax, Vistaril) - moderate activity and excitement
panic disorder, PTSD, and generalized anxiety
while inducing calming effect, may
disorder
induce drowsiness and sleep
53. fluticasone + Bronchodilator - Combo (Inhaled Steroid + Uses = provide sedation, also used as
salmeterol Long Acting Beta Agonist) muscle relaxants
(Advair) - relax bronchial muscle and enlarge airways
63. ibuprofen (Advil, NSAID - Traditional
Uses = control daily asthma symptoms (long
Motrin) - block cyclooxygenase enzymes and
acting)
reduce prostoglandins
54. fluticasone Corticosteroid Uses = control mild-to-moderate pain,
(Flonase) - mimic effect of hormone produced by reduce fever, treat various
adrenal gland, suppress inflammation inflammatory conditions
Uses = treat asthma and allergies
64. insulin aspart Antidiabetic - Insulin (rapid-acting)
55. furosemide Diuretic - Loop (Novolog) - used in treatment of type 1 and 2
(Lasix) - work in ascended limb of loop of henle to diabetes mellitus
disrupt reabsorption and causes increased Uses = covers meals eaten at the same
urine production which lowers blood volume time as the injection
and blood pressure, also causes veins to
65. insulin detemir Antidiabetic - Insulin (long-acting)
dilate
(Levemir) - used in treatment of type 1 and 2
Uses = treat/manage edema, reduce ICP,
diabetes mellitus
manage hyperkalemia
Uses = covers about one full day
66. insuline glargine Antidiabetic - Insulin (long-acting) 74. lorazepam (Ativan) Benzodiazepine
(Lantus) - used in treatment of type 1 and 2 -depress CNS
diabetes mellitus Uses = produce sedation or induce
Uses = covers about one full day sleep, relieve anxiety or muscle
spasms, prevent seizures
67. insulin lispro Antidiabetic - Insulin (rapid-acting)
(Humalog) - used in treatment of type 1 and 2 75. lorazepam (Ativan) Antianxiety Agent - Benzodiazepine
diabetes mellitus - act at many levels of CNS producing
Uses = covers meals eaten at the same anxiolytic effect, may produce CNS
time as the injection depression, effects may be mediated
by GABA
68. ipratropium Antiasthmatic
Uses = treat generalized anxiety
(Combivent ) - control and prevent symptoms of
disorder & panic disorder, manage
ongoing lung disease, relaxes smooth
anxiety associated with depression
muscle that lines airway
Uses = treat acute airway attacks and 76. meclizine (Antivert, Antihistamine
decrease incidence and intensity of future Dramamine) - prevent histamine from causing
attacks allergic symptoms
Uses = relief of allergy symptoms,
69. isosorbide Antianginal - Nitrate
treat motion sickness
mononitrate - vasodilator, dilates blood vessels and
(ISMO, Monoket, improves blood flow and allows more 77. meloxicam (Mobic) Nonopioid Analgesic - NSAID
Imdur) oxygen-rich blood to reach heart - target and block prosteglandins in
Uses = treat and prevent attacks of acute response to injury
angina Uses = control mild-to-moderate pain
and/or fever
70. levalbuterol Bronchodilator - Beta Agonist
(Xopenex) - increase mucociliary clearance 78. memantine Anti-Alzheimer's Agent - NMDA
Uses = asthma rescue mediaction (short (Namenda) receptor antagonist
acting) - helps regulate activity of glutamine
(chemical involved in processing &
71. levofloxacin Anti-Infective - Fluoroquinolone
storing & retrieving information)
(Levaquin) - bactericidal, only class of antimicrobial
Uses = moderate-to-severe
agents that directly inhibit DNA synthesis
Alzheimer's
in bacteria
Uses = wide range of infections of the 79. metformin Antidiabetic - Oral Agent (Biguanide)
sinuses, skin, lungs, ears, airway, urinary (Glucophage) - improve insulin's ability to move
tract, bones, and joints caused by gram glucose into cells, especially muscle
negative and positive organisms cells
Uses = treat type 2 diabetes
72. lisdexamfetamine CNS Stimulant
(Vyvanse) - increase physical activity, alertness, and 80. methylphenidate CNS Stimulant
attention span (Concerta, Ritalin) - increase physical activity, alertness,
Uses = improve concentration and focus and attention span
for ADHD pts, decrease appetite and Uses = improve concentration and
promote weight loss, alleviate sleep focus for ADHD pts, decrease
disorders appetite and promote weight loss,
alleviate sleep disorders
73. lisinopril (Prinivil, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE)
Zestril) inhibitor 81. methylprednisolone Corticosteroid
- blood vessels relax and dilate (Medrol) - mimic effect of hormone produced
- lowers blood pressure by adrenal gland, suppress
- more oxygen-rich blood reaches the inflammation
heart Uses = treat inflammation and pain
Uses = control BP, treat heart failure, help associated with arthritis and
prevent stroke autoimmune diseases (such as Crohn's
and Lupus), treat pain and
inflammation from inflammatory
diseases (arthritis, Gout)
82. metoprolol Beta Blocker 91. oseltamivir Antiviral - Anti-Influenza Agent
(Lopresser) - block NE and E, reduce heart rate and BP by (Tamiflu) - disrupt virus replication process
dilating blood vessels Uses = prevent/manage/treat influenza strains
Uses = treat HTN, heart failure, arrhythmias,
92. oxycodone Opioid Analgesic
angina, glaucoma, future heart attacks, and
(Percocet, - interact with opioid receptors and alters
migraines
OxyContin) perception and response to pain
83. mometasone Corticosteroid Uses = manage moderate-to-severe pain
furoate - mimic effect of hormone produced by
93. pantoprazole Antiulcer Agent - Proton Pump Inhibitor
(Nasonex) adrenal gland, suppress inflammation
(Protonix) - block secretion of gastric acid
Uses = treat asthma and allergies
Uses = treat/prevent peptic ulcer and gastric
84. montelukast Antiasthmatic - Leukotriene antagonist hypersecretory conditions, treat recurrent
(Singulair) - counteract substances that cause the air gastric and duodenal ulcers caused by
passages to constrict and secrete mucus H.pylori
Uses = managing acute and chronic episodes
94. paroxetine Antianxiety Agent - Antidepressant (SSRI)
of reversible bronchoconstriction associated
(Paxil) - act at many levels of CNS producing
with asthma, treat acute attacks and decrease
anxiolytic effect, may produce CNS
incidence and intensity of future attacks
depression, effects may be mediated by
85. montelukast Bronchodilator - Leukotriene Synthesis GABA
(Singulair) Inhibitor Uses = treat generalized anxiety disorder &
- relax bronchial smooth muscle panic disorder, manage anxiety associated
Uses = control/prevent asthma symptoms with depression
86. naproxen NSAID - Traditional 95. paroxetine Antidepressant - SSRI
(Aleve) - block cyclooxygenase enzymes and reduce (Paxil) - block reuptake of serotonin
prostoglandins Uses = primarily treat moderate-to-severe
Uses = control mild-to-moderate pain, reduce depression and chronic fatigue syndrome,
fever, treat various inflammatory conditions treat premenstrual dysphoric disorder, OCD,
panic disorder, PTSD, and generalized anxiety
87. nebivolol Beta Blocker
disorder
(Bystolic) - block NE and E, reduce heart rate and BP by
dilating blood vessels 96. penicillin V Anti-Infective - Penicillin (Natural Penicillin)
Uses = treat HTN, heart failure, arrhythmias, (Pen-VK) - beta-lactam, exert bactericidal action by
angina, glaucoma, future heart attacks, and inhibiting bacterial cell wall production
migraines Uses = treat/prevent wide range of bacterial
infections including streptococcal infections,
88. olanzapine Antipsychotic - Atypical/2nd generation
syphyilis, and Lyme disease
(Zyprexa) - block D2 receptors and specific serotonin
receptor 97. pioglitazone Antidiabetic - Oral Agent (Thiazolidinediones)
Uses = treat acute and chronic psychosis (Actos) - enhance insulin effectiveness in both muscle
especially when accompanied by increased and adipose tissue
psychomotor activity, off label uses include Uses = treat type 2 diabetes
Tourette's, substance abuse, stuttering, OCD,
98. potassium Electrolyte - Potassium Salt
PTSD, depression, bipolar disorder, and
chloride - correct electrolyte imbalances
personality disorders
Uses = prevent/treat deficiencies or excesses
89. olmesartan Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ARBs) of electrolytes
(Benicar) - blood vessels dilate
99. prasugrel Antiplatelet Agent - Adenosine Diphosphate
- blood pressure drops
(Effient ) Receptor Inhibitor
Uses = control high blood pressure, treat heart
- block formation of blood clots by
failure, slows progression of kidney disease
preventing formation of platelets
due to high BP or diabetes
Uses = treat/prevent thromboembolic events
90. omeprazole Antiulcer Agent - Proton Pump Inhibitor (such as stroke, MI, or peripheral vascular
(Prilosec) - block secretion of gastric acid disease), prescribed after placement of stents
Uses = treat/prevent peptic ulcer and gastric or artificial valves
hypersecretory conditions, treat recurrent
gastric and duodenal ulcers caused by
H.pylori
100. pravastatin Lipid-Lowering Agent - HMG CoA 107.
(Pravachol) Reductase Inhibitor
- reduce LDL by inhibiting enzyme in liver
responsible for making cholesterol
Uses = reduce cholesterol and prevent heart
disease
101. prednisone Corticosteroid
(Sterapred) - mimic effect of hormone produced by 108.
adrenal gland, suppress inflammation
Uses = treat inflammation and pain
associated with arthritis and autoimmune
diseases (such as Crohn's and Lupus), treat
asthma and allergies, treat pain and
inflammation associated with inflammatory
109.
diseases
102. pregabalin Anticonvulsant - GABA anlogue
(Lyrica) - depress CNS function, regulate
electrochemicals in the brain
Uses = help control epileptic seizures, treat
neuropathic pain (associated with diabetes,
shingles, fibromyalgia) & migraines & bipolar
110.
disorder
103. promethazine Antiemetic - Phenothiazine
(Phenergan) - inhibit chemoreceptor trigger zone in
medulla by blocking dopamine receptors,
decrease sensitivity of vestibular apparatus
Uses = manage various causes of nausea
111.
and vomiting including surgery, anesthesia,
antineoplastic and radiation therapies, and
motion sickness
**Special instruction: will cause drowsiness
104. quetiapine Antipsychotic - Atypical/2nd generation
(Seroquil) - block D2 receptors and specific serotonin
112.
receptor
Uses = treat acute and chronic psychosis
especially when accompanied by increased
psychomotor activity, off label uses include 113.
Tourette's, substance abuse, stuttering, OCD,
PTSD, depression, bipolar disorder, and
personality disorders
rivastigmine Anti-Alzheimer's Agent - cholinesterase
(Exelon) inhibitor
- may prevent breakdown of
acetylcholine by blocking activity of
acetylcholinesterase
Uses = treats mild-to-moderate
Alzheimer's
rosuvastatin Lipid-Lowering Agent - HMG CoA
(Crestor) Reductase Inhibitor
- reduce LDL by inhibiting enzyme in
liver responsible for making cholesterol
Uses = reduce cholesterol and prevent
heart disease
sertraline Antidepressant - SSRI
(Zoloft ) - block reuptake of serotonin
Uses = primarily treat moderate-to-
severe depression and chronic fatigue
syndrome, treat premenstrual dysphoric
disorder, OCD, panic disorder, PTSD,
and generalized anxiety disorder
simvastatin Lipid-Lowering Agent - HMG CoA
(Zocor) Reductase Inhibitor
- reduce LDL by inhibiting enzyme in
liver responsible for making cholesterol
Uses = reduce cholesterol and prevent
heart disease
sitagliptin Antidiabetic - Oral Agent (Dipeptidyl
(Januvia) Peptidase-4 Inhibitor)
- block an enzyme that deactivates a
protein, which will keep insulin
circulating in the blood
Uses = treat type 2 diabetes
tiotropium Bronchodilator - Anticholinergic
(Spiriva) - relax bronchial smooth muscle
Uses = control asthma symptoms
tramadol (Ultram) Opioid Analgesic
- interact with opioid receptors and
alters perception and response to pain
Uses = manage moderate-to-severe pain

105. raloxifene Bone Reabsorption Inhibitor 114. trimethoprim- Anti-Infective - Sulfonamide

(Evista) - bind to hydroxyapatite in bone and inhibit sulfamethoxazole - bacteriostatic, provide broad spectrum
bone reabsorption by decreasing # and (Septra, Bactrim) of activity against gram negative and
activity of osteoclasts positive bacteria
Uses = prevent/treat osteoporosis in Uses = treat urinary tract infections, treat
postmenopausal women some types of bacterial pneumonia and
shigellosis, treat some protozoal
106. risedronate Bone Reabsorption Inhibitor
infections
(Actonel) - bind to hydroxyapatite in bone and inhibit
bone reabsorption by decreasing # and
activity of osteoclasts
Uses = prevent/treat osteoporosis in
postmenopausal women
115. valsartan (Diovan) Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ARBs)
- blood vessels dilate
- blood pressure drops
Uses = control high blood pressure, treat heart failure, slows progression of kidney disease due to high BP
or diabetes
116. venlafaxine (Effexor) Antianxiety Agent - Antidepressant (SSRI)
- act at many levels of CNS producing anxiolytic effect, may produce CNS depression, effects may be
mediated by GABA
Uses = treat generalized anxiety disorder & panic disorder, manage anxiety associated with depression
117. venlafaxine (Effexor) Antidepressant - SNRI
- block reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine by presynaptic nerves, increased levels elevates mood
Uses = treat depression, anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and other mood disorders
118. verapamil (Calan, Calcium Channel Blocker
Covera) - slows rate at which Ca passes into heart muscle and into vessel walls, relaxes vessels and allows blood
to flow more easily through them which lowers BP
Uses = treat HTN, angina, abnormal heart rhythms, used with post-MI pts that cannot tolerate beta
blockers
119. verapamil (Calan, Antiarrhythmic - Class IV (Calcium-Channel Blocker)
Covera, Isoptin, - slow down the heart
Verelan) Uses = suppress potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmias
120. warfarin (Coumadin) Anticoagulant
- inhibit clotting factor synthesis
Uses = prevent or treat blood clots associated with stroke, heart attack, heart valve disease, coronary
artery disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation, DVT, and pulmonary embolism
**Special: check labs before giving (specifically PT, PTT, etc.), place pt on bleeding precautions
121. zolpidem (Ambien) Sedative/Hypnotic
- moderate activity and excitement while inducing calming effect, may induce drowsiness and sleep
Uses = provide sedation, also used as muscle relaxants