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 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

lkr egRoiw.kZ eqís

1- izoklh Jfedksa ij iyk;u dh foink % dksfoM&19

ppkZ dk dkj.k
dksjksuk ok;jl laØe.k dks iQSyus ls jksdus ds
fy, ns'k Hkj esa ykWdMkmu dh ?kks"k.kk gksrs gh
cM+s 'kgjksa esa jg jgs çoklh etnwj vius ?kj
ykSVus yxs] ftlls Hkkjr ljdkj ds lkeus ,d
cM+k ladV iSnk gks x;k gSA izoklh etnwjksa ds
ds iyk;u ds ekeys dks ysdj lqçhe dksVZ esa
,d tufgr ;kfpdk ij lquokbZ gqbZA bl ekeys
esa ljdkj us dksVZ esa crk;k fd çoklh etnwjksa
dh enn ds fy, dbZ dne mBk, x, gSaA
xkSjryc gS fd dksjksuk ok;jl ds çlkj
jksdus ds fy, fd, x, jk"VªO;kih can ds dkj.k
¥
vlaxfBr {ks=k ij cqjh ekj iM+h gS D;ksafd
jkrksa jkr gtkjksa yksxksa dk jkstxkj fNu x;kA
blhfy, ljdkj dh vksj ls tks igys jkgr
iSdst dh ?kks"k.kk dh xbZ oks xjhcksa ij
vkfFkZd cks> de djus ds mís'; ls gqbZA
blds vfrfjÙkQ ljdkj us COVID-19 ls

csjkstxkj vkSj cs?kj gq, yksx vc vius x`g uxj laØfer yksxksa vkSj muds laidZ esa vk,
bl fLFkfr dks ysdj loksZPp U;k;ky; esa tufgr
vkSj xkao tkus ds fy, fudy iM+s gSaA ,sls esa vU; O;fÙkQ;ksa dh igpku lqfuf'pr djus
;kfpdk nk;j dh xbZ FkhA bl lanHkZ esa mPpre
gtkjksa dh la[;k esa çoklh etnwj vius ifjokj ds fy;s jkT; ljdkjksa ds lg;ksx ls dM+s
U;k;ky; us ljdkj ls dgk fd etnwjksa dk
ds lkFk lSdM+ksa fdyksehVj iSny py jgs gSaA dk;ZØe pyk, tk jgsa gSaA
iyk;u jksdk tkuk pkfg,A
muds ikl u rks jgus dh lqfo/k gS vkSj u
;kfpdk esa D;k ¥ ljdkj vko';d O;fÙkQxr lqj{kk midj.kksa
gh ?kj igqapus dk tfj;k] bu yksxksa dks dbZ
eqf'dyksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+ jgk gSA dksbZ tSls& ekLd (Mask)] osaVhysVj (Ventilator)
tufgr;kfpdk esa dgk x;k Fkk fd dksjksuk ds vkfn dh miyC/rk dh fuxjkuh dj jgh
pyrs ykWdMkmu gksus ls gtkjksa dh la[;k esa lSdM+ksa fdyksehVj iSny pyrs gq, vius&vius
?kj igqap pqdk gS rks yk•ksa etnwjksa dks tgka&rgka gSA
çoklh etnwj vius ifjokj ds lkFk lSadMksa
fdyksehVj iSny py jgs gSaA buesa cqtqxZ] cPps] jksd fn;k x;k gSA ¥ LokLF; ea=kky; }kjk ns'k ds fofHkUu {ks=kksa
efgyk,a vkSj fnO;kax Hkh 'kkfey gSaA bu çoklh ljdkjh ç;kl esa dk;Zjr ,,u,e (ANM)] vk'kk (ASHA)]
etnwjksa ds ikl uk rks jgus dh lqfo/k gS vkSj uk ¥ x`g ea=kky; us lHkh jkT;ksa vkSj dsUæ'kkf"kr vkaxuckM+h dk;ZdrkZvksa] vk;q"k fpfdRldksa
gh •kus ihus o ifjogu dh lqfo/k gS] blfy, vkSj ulks± vkfn dks COVID-19 ls laØfer
çns'kksa dks lHkh Jfedksa lesr çoklh etnwjksa ekeyksa esa {ks=k ds fo'ks"kKksa }kjk fo'ks"k
lqçhe dksVZ ns'k Hkj esa ç'kklu dks vkns'k ns fd
dh enn djus ds fy, dne mBkus ds çf'k{k.k çnku djus dh O;oLFkk dh xbZ gSA
bu yksaxksa dks gj txg 'ksYVj gkse esa j•dj
fy, dgk gSA
lqfo/k,a nh tk,aA ¥ COVID-19 ls laØfer ejhtksa ds i;Zos{k.k]
¥ foÙkea=kh fueZyk lhrkje.k us 1-70 yk• ç;ksx'kkyk ijh{k.k] fpfdRlh; çca/u]
ifjp;
djksM+ #i;s ds jkgr iSdst dh ?kks"k.kk dh vyxko lqfo/k (Isolation facility) çca/u]
chrs dqN fnuksa ls yxHkx iwjk fo'o dksjksuk ftlls Hkkjr ds xjhc 80 djksM+ yksxksa dks
ok;jl egkekjh ls izHkkfor gqvk gSA dbZ ns'kksa esa xgu ns•Hkky vkfn ls lacaf/r tkudkjh dks
vkfFkZd cks> ls jkgr feys vkSj mudh 'kkfey fd;k tk jgk gSA
ljdkjsa yksxksa ls ?kjksa esa can jgus ds fy, dg jksth jksVh py ldsA •krksa esa iSls Mkydj
jgh gSa vkSj ok;jl dks iQSyus ls jksdus ds fy,
vkSj •k| lqj{kk dk cankscLr djds ljdkj fo'ys"k.k
ikcafn;ka yxk jgh gSaA blh rjg Hkkjr ljdkj
xjhcksa] nSfud etnwjh djus okyksa] fdlkuksa ¥ cM+s 'kgjksa ls xk¡o vkSj dLcksa dh vksj
us dksjksuk ok;jl (Coronavirus) ds çlkj dks
jksdus ds fy, ns'k esa 21 fnu dk ykWdMkmu vkSj ewyHkwr lqfo/kvksa ls oafpr yksxksa dh iyk;u rHkh 'kq: gks x;k Fkk tc ç/kuea=kh
(Lockdown) ?kksf"kr fd;k gSA gkykafd] bu lc
enn dj jgh gS A us dksjksuk ok;jl ls yM+us ds fy, 24
ds chp Hkkjr esa ,d u, rjg dk ladV iSnk gks ¥ xkSjryc gS fd Hkkjr esa vlaxfBr {ks=k ns'k ekpZ dh jkr 8 cts iwjs ns'k esa 21 fnu ds
x;k gSA ;g ladV jkt/kuh lfgr ns'k ds nwljs dh djhc 94 iQhlnh vkcknh dks jkstxkj ykWdMkmu dk ,syku fd;k FkkA ykWdMkmu
bykdksa ls çoklh dkexkjksa ds lkewfgd iyk;u nsrk gS vkSj vFkZO;oLFkk esa bldk ;ksxnku ds ,syku esa dgk x;k fd ;g jkr 12
ls iSnk gqvk gSA ,sls esa ns'k Hkj esa çoklh etnwjksa 45 iQhlnh gSA ykWdMkmu dh otg ls cts ls çHkkoh gks tk,xkA ,sls esa yksxksa

vizSy 2020 A vad&1 1


dks •kus&ihus dh phtsa vkSj nok,a ysus ds
fy, ceqf'dy dqN ?kaVksa dk gh le; fey
ik;kA çoklh etnwj dke BIi gks tkus vkSj
cqfu;knh phtsa ugha feyus dh fnDdrksa ls
tw> jgs FksA ysfdu ih,e ds Hkk"k.k esa dgha
Hkh bl ckr dk ftØ ugha Fkk fd daLVªD'ku
vkSj vlaxfBr {ks=k ds etnwj blls dSls
fuiVsaxsA
¥ tkudkjksa dk dguk gS fd ljdkj us egkekjh
ls yM+us ds fy, if'peh ns'kksa dh ns•k
ns•h ;gka Hkh vpkud ykWdMkmu dks ykxw
dj fn;kA nwljs ns'kksa ls rqyuk djsa rks Hkys
gh ogka esfMdy lqfo/kvksa] VsfLVax fdV~l
dh deh ;k nwljh fnDdrsa gksaxh ysfdu
mu ds ;gka Hkkjr tSlh çoklh etnwjksa dh
cM+h rknkn ugha gSA gekjs 'kgjksa esa ,slk ,d
cM+k rcdk gS tks jkstkuk dh etnwjh ij
thou&;kiu djrk gSA
¥ 2017 ds bdkWukWfed loZs esa dgk x;k gS
fd 2011 ls 2016 ds chp djhc 90 yk•
yksx ,d jkT; ls nwljs jkT; iSls dekus ds
fy, x,A 2011 dh tux.kuk ds eqrkfcd]
ns'k ds vanj ,d txg ls nwljh txg tkus
okys çoklh etnwjksa dh la[;k djhc 1-39
djksM+ gSA
¥ LokLF; vkSj ifjokj dY;k.k ea=kky; ds
v/hu vkus okys Lok;Ùk laLFkku baVjus'kuy
bafLVVÔwV vkWiQ ikWIkqys'ku lkbalst ds
eqrkfcd] çoklh etnwjksa dks lcls T;knk
jkstxkj daLVªD'ku lsDVj nsrk gSA blesa
djhc pkj djksM+ etnwj yxs gq, gSaA blds
ckn ?kjsyw dkedkt esa djhc nks djksM+
etnwj (vkneh&vkSjrsa) dke djrs gSaA
VsDlVkby esa ;g vkadM+k 1-1 djksM+ gS
tcfd bZaV&Hkêòs ds dke ls ,d djksM+
yksxksa dks ukSdjh feyrh gSA blds vykok
VªkaliksVZs'ku] •uu vkSj •srh ckM+h esa Hkh
cM+h rknkn esa çoklh etnwj yxs gq, gSaA
çoklh etnwjksa ds eqrkfcd] ykWdMkmu ds
ckn mudh ukSdfj;ka NwV xbZ FkhaA daLVªD'ku
vkSj nwljh baMLVªht esa dke can gks tkus dh
otg ls mUgsa ogka ls fudyuk iM+kA
¥ ljdkj us xjhc rcds ds fy, dS'k VªkaliQj
vkSj jk'ku forj.k tSls mik;ksa dk ,syku
fd;k gS ysfdu dbZ etnwjksa ds ikl u rks
iz- gky gh esa ykWdMkmu ds otg ls ns'k ds fofHkUu fgLlksa esa Jfedksa dk ,d txg ls nwljs txg ij Ikyk;u ns[kk x;kA bl
Jfed iyk;u dh otg dk mYys[k djrs gq, crk,a fd ykWdMkmu dh fLFkfr esa ;g ljdkj ds fy, fdruk pqukSrhiw.kZ gS\
2 vizSy 2020
cSad •krs gSa u gh jk'kudkMZA ljdkj us
,syku fd;k fd edku ekfyd ykWdMkmu
ds nkSjku etnwjksa ls bl eghus dk fdjk;k
ugha ekaxsaxsA bu vkns'kksa dk ikyu ugha djus
okyksa ds fy, vkbZihlh dh /kjk 188 ds
rgr Ng eghus dh tsy ;k tqekZus dh ckr
dgh xbZ gSA
¥ ç/kuea=kh us 24 ekpZ dks tc 21 fnuksa ds ¥ ekpZ 2020 dh 'kq#vkr esa oYMZ gsYFk
fy, ykWdMkmu dh ?kks"k.kk dh rks mUgksaus
;s lkjh ckrsa ugha dgh FkhaA mUgsa yksxksa dks
vk'oLr djuk pkfg, Fkk fd ljdkj jgus
vkSj •kus&ihus dh leL;k ugha gksus nsxhA
¥ foÙkea=kh fueZyk lhrkje.k ds ,syku fd,
x, jkgr iSdst esa ç/kuea=kh xjhc dY;k.k
;kstuk (ih,ethdsokbZ) esa 16]000 djksM+
#i, igys ls çfrc¼rk okys ç/kuea=kh
fdlku lEeku fuf/ (ih,e&fdlku) vkSj
egkRek xka/h us'kuy :jy ,aIykW;esaV xkjaVh
,DV (eujsxk) ds 5]600 djksM+ #i, dh vkxs dh jkg
etnwjh esa c<+ksrjh Hkh 'kkfey gSa ftUgsa :jy ¥ ykWdMkmu ds oDr ljdkj dks lsuk vkSj
MosyiesaV fefuLVªh dks uksfViQkbZ Hkh dj
pqdh FkhA tkudkjksa ds eqrkfcd] jk'ku vkSj
dS'k VªkaliQj ds fygkt ls ;g jkgr iSdst
Bhd gSA ysfdu] reke xjhc vHkh Hkh
ihMh,l dojst ls ckgj gSa ftlesa us'kuy
iQwM flD;kWfjVh ,DV ds rgr 2011 ds
vkcknh ds vk¡dM+ksa dks 'kkfey fd;k x;k
gSA
¥ ih,ethdsokbZ vkoaVu ds rgr dS'k VªkaliQj
ds fy, vkoafVr 31]000 djksM+ #i, dh
jde tks ç/kuea=kh tu/u ;kstuk okys
•krksa esa tk,xh] mlls gj xjhc ds •krs esa
gj eghus 500 #i, vk,axsA ;g 'kq#vkrh
rhu eghus pysxkA fdlh Hkh vkSlr ifjokj ¥ lblds vfrfjÙkQ fofHkUu jkT; ljdkjksa dks
ds fy, 500 #i, eghus esa ?kj pykuk
ukeqefdu gSA tks xjhc yksx ihMh,l ;k
ih,ethdsokbZ esa doj ugha gks ik jgs gSa
muds fy, D;k çko/ku gSaA bu •kfe;ksa dks
nwj D;ksa ugha fd;k x;kA
¥ ykWdMkmu dk mís'; Fkk fd yksxksa dks
lewgksa esa tek gksus ls jksdk tk lds ysfdu
;s çoklh iSny lewgksa esa tkrs fn•sA ljdkj
¥ LokLF;] f'k{kk] ekuo lalk/uksa ls
vkSj flLVe dh vkykspuk 'kq: gqbZ rks mÙkj
çns'k dh ljdkj us fnYyh esa clsa Hkst nha
vkSj ;s clksa esa ,d lkFk cSBdj x,A ,sls esa
lelkef;dh : Perfect 7
ykWdMkmu dks ysdj lks'ky fMLVsal cuk,
j•us dk ekeyk Hkh èoLr gksrk fn•kA ;s
vius xk¡o x, ysfdu x`gjkT; dh ljdkjksa
us buds lkFk D;k lqywd fd;k oks Hkh
txtkfgj gSA bUgsa DokWjaVhu esa Hkstus dh
ckr dgh xbZ ysfdu ogka cqfu;knh lqfo/k,a
rd ugha gSaA
vkWxZsukbts'ku (MCY;w,pvks) us ,syku fd;k
fd dksjksuk ok;jl ,d oSf'od egkekjh
gSA blds fy, lks'ky fMLVsaflax vkSj
lsYiQ&vkblksys'ku dks viukus dh ckr
dgh xbZ rkfd bls iQSyus ls jksdk tk ldsA
gkykafd] bl ekeys esa nf{k.k dksfj;k ,d
viokn jgk ftlus cM+s iSekus ij VsfLVax dk
lgkjk fy;k vkSj dksjksuk dh psu dks rksM+us
esa liQy jgkA nf{k.k dksfj;k us ykWdMkmu
tSls dM+s mik;ksa dks ugha viuk;kA
jkT;ksa dh e'khujh dh enn ls lh/s xjhcksa
rd •kus dh phtsa igqapkuh pkfg, bl oDr
gtkjksa yksx vius ?kjksa ls nwj iQals gq, gSaA
,sls esa ljdkj dks pkfg, fd oks •krksa esa
iSls Mkyus dk dke rsth ls djs vkSj •kus
dh phtksa dh lIykbZ dks Hkh çkFkfedrk ij
j•s pwafd ;s oks yksx gSa ftuds •krksa esa
rRdky dS'k VªkaliQj fd, tkus dh t:jr
gSA mUgsa fdlh rjg dh lkekftd lqj{kk
ugha feyh gSA ljdkj dks jktdks"kh; ?kkVs
dh fpark ugha djuh pkfg,A oks vkjchvkbZ
ls m/kj ys vkSj bl foink dh ?kM+h esa
yksxksa ij •pZ djsA
lkeqnkf;d jlksbZ dh 'kq#vkr djuh pkfg;s]
lkFk gh 'ksYVj gksEl vkfn dh O;LFkk djuh
pkfg;sA blds vykok •kus ds lkeku dh
vkiwfrZ Hkh le; ls gksus dh lqfo/k nh
tk,] lkFk gh etnwjksa dks DokjaVkbu djus
dh lqfo/k Hkh nh tk,A
lkekU; vè;;u iz'u i=k&2
lacaf/r lkekftd {ks=k@ lsokvksa ds
fodkl vkSj izca/u ls lacaf/r eqísA
A vad&1
 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7
2- U;k;ikfydk dh Lora=krk ij mBrk iz'ufpÉ % ,d fo'ys"k.k
ppkZ dk dkj.k
gky gh esa dsUnz ljdkj us Hkkjr ds iwoZ eq[;
U;k;k/h'k jatu xksxksbZ dks lsokfuo`fÙk ds yxHkx
pkj eghus ckn gh jkT; lHkk ds fy, ukfer
fd;k x;k gSA mYys[kuh; gS fd iwoZ eq[;
U;k;k/h'k us jktuhfrd :i ls laosnu'khy
fo"k;ksa tSls&vle jk"Vªh; ukxfjd jftLVj]
lcjhekyk fookn] v;ksè;k jke eafnj fookn]
jkiQsy fookn rFkk dsUnzh; vUos"k.k C;wjks fookn
dh vè;{krk dh Fkh ftlesa ljdkj gh ,d
i{kdkj ds :i esa FkhA
i`"BHkwfe
;g igyh ckj ugha gS tc lsokfuo`fÙk ds ckn
fdlh tt dh fu;qfDr gks jgh gSA Lora=krk ds
i'pkr ls gh lsokfuo`Ùk U;k;k/h'kksa dh fu;qfDr
jktuhfrd inksa ij dh tkrh jgh gS tSls&
1952] tfLVl iQty vyh dks lqizhe dksVZ
¥
ls fjVk;j gksus ds rqjar ckn mM+hlk dk
jkT;iky fu;qDr fd;k x;k FkkA
1958 esa U;k;k/h'k ,e-lh- pkxyk us
¥
rRdkyhu iz/kuea=kh ia- usg: ds fuea=k.k ij
vesfjdk esa Hkkjr ds jktnwr cuus ds fy,
ckWEcs mPp U;k;ky; ls bLrhiQk ns fn;k FkkA
¥ lu~ 1967 esa eq[; U;k;k/h'k lqCck jko us
jk"Vªifr in dk pquko yM+us ds fy, vius
in ls R;kxi=k ns fn;k FkkA
tfLVl cg:y bLyke us 4 fnlacj] 1980
¥
ls 12 tuojh] 1983 rd lqizhe dksVZ ds
tt ds :i esa dk;Z fd;k FkkA budk pquko
jkT; lHkk ds fy, gqvk FkkA
¥ o"kZ 1998 esa loksZPp U;k;ky; ds iwoZ eq[;
U;k;k/h'k jaxukFk feJ dks dkaxzsl ikVhZ ds
fVdV ij jkT; lHkk lnL; cuk;k x;k FkkA
o"kZ 2014 esa iwoZ eq[; U;k;k/h'k ih-
¥
lrkf'koe dks dsjy dk jkT;iky fu;qDr
fd;k x;k FkkA
D;k lsokfuo`fÙk ds ckn ttksa dh
jktuhfrd inksa ij fu;qfDr dh tk
ldrh gS\
¥ lafo/ku lHkk% lafo/ku lHkk ds lnL;
jgs ds-Vh- 'kkg us ;g fliQkfj'k dh Fkh fd
vizSy 2020 A vad&1
loksZPp U;k;ky; vkSj mPp U;k;ky; ds U;k;ikfydk dh Lora=krk
U;k;k/h'kksa dks ljdkj ds lkFk dk;Zdkjh ¥ Hkkjr ds loksZPp U;k;ky; ds vf/dkj
laca/ LFkkfir ugha djuk pkfg,] ftlls eq[;r% nks ckrksa esa fufgr gS& igyk bldk
fdlh U;k;k/h'k dks vf/d ls vf/d rkfdZd joS;k] rFkk nwljk blds U;k;k/h'kksa
ifjykfC/;k¡ rFkk mPp inksa ds fy, ykyp dh ,drk o v[k.MrkA mYys[kuh; gS fd
u fn;k tk ldsA KkrO; gS fd ,sls izyksHku Hkkjrh; lafo/ku us U;k;ky;ksa dh Lora=krk
fdlh Hkh U;k;k/h'k dh fu"i{krk rFkk lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, ,dhÑr U;kf;d
Lora=krk dks izHkkfor dj ldrs gSaA O;oLFkk dh LFkkiuk dh gS ftlds 'kh"kZ ij
¥ bl lq>kko dks Mkú oh-vkj vacsMdj loksZPp U;;ky; rFkk mlds v/hu mPp
us ugha ekuk FkkA mudk ekuuk Fkk fd U;k;y;ksa dh LFkkiuk dh xbZ gSA
U;k;ikfydk ftu fo"k;ksa ij fu.kZ; djrh ¥ lafo/ku ds Hkkx&5 esa vuqPNsn 124 ls
gS] mlesa ljdkj dh fo'ks"k :fp ugha gksrh 147 rd loksZPp U;k;ky; ds xBu] mldh
gS] ;fn fdlh okn esa ljdkj i{kokj Hkh Lora=krk] U;k;{ks=k 'kfDr;k¡ vkfn dk i`Fkd
gS rks bldk laca/ vke ukxfjdksa ds eqíksa izko/ku fd;k x;k gSA
ls ugha gksrk gSA Mk- ch-vkj vEcsMdj dk
¥ nwljh vksj lafo/ku ds Hkkx&6 ds varxZr
ekuuk Fkk fd ¶ljdkj }kjk U;k;ikfydk ds
vuqPNsn 214 ls 231 rd mPp U;k;ky;ksa
,d lnL; ds vkpj.k dks izHkkfor djus
ls lacaf/r i`Fkd izko/ku fd, x, gSaA
dh laHkkouk cgqr de gSA¸
¥ blds vykok Hkkjrh; lafo/ku ds vuqPNsn
¥ Hkkjrh; lafo/ku% Hkkjrh; lafo/ku ds
233 ls 237 rd v/huLFk U;k;ky;ksa ds
vuqPNsn 124(7) ds vuqlkj] dksbZ Hkh O;fDr
xBu dk izko/ku gSA
ftlus loksZPp U;k;ky; ds U;k;kèkh'k ds
:i esa in xzg.k fd;k gS] Hkkjrh; jkT;{ks=k ¥ Hkkjr esa 'kfDr;ksa ds i`Fkdj.k (Doctrine of
Saparation of Powers) dk izko/ku fd;k
ds Hkhrj fdlh U;k;ky; esa fdlh vU;
x;k gSA blds varxZr turk }kjk pqus gq,
izkf/dkjh ds le{k odkyr ugha dj ldrk
izfrfuf/ (vFkkZr lkaln@ fo/k;d) fu;e@
gSA KkrO; gS fd lafo/ku dk ;g izko/ku
fdlh U;k;k/h'k dks jk"Vªifr] jkT;iky dkuwu cukrs gSaA ogha dk;Zikfydk bu dkuwuksa
dks ykxw djrk gS] tcfd U;k;ikfydk bu
;k yksdlHkk ;k jkT;lHkk lnL; cuus ls
dkuwuksa dh O;k[;k djrk gSA bldk rkRi;Z
fu"ksf/r ugha djrk gSA
;g gS fd lafo/ku ds laj{kd gksus ds ukrs
¥ fof/ vk;ksx% o"kZ 1958 esa fof/ vk;ksx U;k;ikfydk dks nckvksa vkSj izyksHkuksa ls
us viuh 14oha fjiksVZ esa dgk Fkk fd Hkkjr Lora=k j[kk x;k gSA blfy, U;k;ikfydk]
esa lsokfuo`Ùk U;k;k/h'k nks izdkj ds dk;ks± fo/kf;dk rFkk dk;Zikfydk }kjk yk, x,
esa layXu FksA ;s gSa&izFke] ¶pSacj izSfDVl¸ euekus vkSj xSj dkuwuh dk;ks±@fu;eksa@dkuwuksa
(blesa i{kdkj dks jk; nsuk vkSj futh dh tk¡p djrh gSA
fooknksa esa eè;LFk ds :i esa lsok iznku
¥ U;k;ky;ksa dks fu"i{k cuk, j[kus ds fy,
djuk)] nwljk ljdkj ds varxZr egRoiw.kZ
gh u;k;k/h'kksa dh fu;qfDr dksysft;e dh
inksa dks /kj.k djukA fof/ vk;ksx us pSacj
fliQkfj'k ij jk"Vªifr }kjk dh tkrh gSA
izSfDVl tSlh O;oLFkk ij ukjktxh O;Dr
blls Li"V gks tkrk gS fd U;k;/h'kksa dh
dh] ysfdu blds mUewyu dh fliQkfj'k
fu;qfDr jktuhfr ls izsfjr ugha gSA
ugha dh FkhA fof/ vk;ksx ds n`f"Vdks.k esa
lqizhe dksVZ ds dqN U;k;/h'k lsokfuo`fÙk ¥ U;k;k/h'k jk"Vªifr ds izlkni;±n in /kj.k
ds ckn mi;qDr jktuhfrd@'kkldh; inksa ds ugha djrs gSa blfy, mUgsa fu;qfDr ds ckn
ykyp esa gksrs gS iQyLo:i buds n`f"Vdks.k euekus <ax ls ugha gVk;k tk ldrk gSA
esa ljdkj leFkZd gksus dh izo`fÙk vf/d ¥ Hkkjrh; lafo/ku ds vuqPNsn 124(4)
gksrh gSA ds vuqlkj U;k;k/h'kksa dks dsoy lkfcr
3

dnkpkj ;k vleFkZrk ds vk/kj ij gh
laln ds nksuksa lnuksa ds fo'ks"k cgqer ls
ikfjr egkfHk;ksx ds }kjk gh gVk;k tk
ldrk gSA
¥ vuqPNsn 121 vkSj 211 fo/kf;dk dks
vius drZO;ksa ds fuoZgu esa fdlh Hkh
U;k;k/h'k ds vkpj.k ij ppkZ djus ls
ekuk djrs gSaA
loksZPp U;k;ky; rFkk mPp U;k;ky; ds
¥ ds i{kikr ls U;kf;d çfØ;k dh 'kqfprk
U;k;k/h'kksa ds osru] HkÙks rFkk fo'ks"kkf/dkj
dk fu/kZj.k le;&le; ij laln }kjk
fd;k tkrk gSA bu fo'ks"kkf/dkjksa esa foÙkh;
vkikrdky ds vykok fdlh Hkh ifjfLFkfr
esa ifjorZu ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA
¥ vuqPNsn 129 ds rgr loksZPp U;k;ky;
rFkk vuqPNsn 215 ds rgr mPp U;k;ky;ksa
dks viuh voekuuk ij nafMr djus dk
vf/dkj iznku fd;k x;k gSA
¥ vius v/huLFk vf/dkfj;ksa rFkk
deZpkfj;ksa dh fu;qfDr djus dk vf/dkj
mPprj U;k;ky;ksa ds eq[; U;k;k/h'kksa ds
ikl gh gSA
¥ blds vykok laln dks U;k;ky;ksa ds
U;k;{ks=k ,oa 'kfDr;ksa esa dVkSrh dk dksbZ
vf/dkj ugha gSA ysfdu o`f¼ dk vf/dkj
gSA
lsokfuo`Ùk U;k;/h'kksa dh fu;qfDr dk
izHkko
¥ ns'k esa dgha Hkh tc nks yksxksa ds chp
dksbZ fookn dh fLFkfr mRiUu gksrh gS rks
os U;k; ds fy;s U;k;ky;ksa fd vksj #•
djrs gSaA ysfdu og fLFkfr dSlh gksxh
tc U;k;ikfydk Lo;a U;kf;d fu"i{krk
ds dV?kjs esa •M+h gks\ U;k;ikfydk dh
Lora=krk yksdrkaf=kd jktuhfrd O;oLFkk dk
vk/kj LraHk gS] tks eq[;r% rhu ckrksa ij
fuHkZj gS ;s gSa&
¥ U;k;ikfydk dks ljdkj ds vU; foHkkxksa
ds gLr{ksi ls mUeqÙkQ gksuk pkfg;sA
¥ U;k;ikfydk ds fu.kZ; o vkns'k
dk;Zikfydk ,oa O;oLFkkfidk ds gLr{ksi
ls eqÙkQ gksus pkfg;sA
U;k;k/h'kksa dks Hk; ;k i{kikr ds fcuk
¥ ¥
U;k; djus dh Lora=krk gksuh pkfg;sA
¥ lsokfuo`fÙk ds rqjar ckn gqbZ fu;qfÙkQ;ksa ls
irk pyrk gS fd bu fu;qfÙkQ;ksa dks ysdj
iz- yksdrkaf=kd O;oLFkk esa U;k;ikfydk dh Lora=krk dk D;k egRo gS\ Lora=k U;k;ikfydk ds fy, Hkkjrh; jktuhfrd rFkk
laoS/kfud O;oLFkk esa fufgr mik;ksa ij izdk'k Mkfy,A
4 vizSy 2020
iQSlys lacaf/r ljdkjksa us igys gh ttksa
ds dk;Zdky ds nkSjku gh ys fy, FksA
blls fuf'pr rkSj ij mu iQSlyksa ij loky
mBrs gSa ftu ekeyksa esa lacaf/r ljdkjksa
ds nkao yxs gq, Fks D;ksafd v/Z&U;kf;d
(Doklh&tqfM'ky) bdkb;ksa dh fu;qfÙkQ;ksa vkxs dh jkg
esa ljdkj dh cM+h Hkwfedk gksrh gSA
¥ ç'kklfud fudk;ksa esa dbZ lsokfuo`Ùk gq,
¥ pwafd ,slk ekuk tkrk gS fd fdlh rjg
ij loky mBrs] gSa lkFk gh fdlh i{kikr
dh laHkkouk] tks okLrfodrk ds vk/kj
ij gh cuh gks] U;kf;d çfØ;k dks T;knk
uqdlku igqapkrh gSA blfy, ckj&ckj ;g
dgk&lquk Hkh tkrk gS fd balkiQ u dsoy
gksuk pkfg,] cfYd ,slk fn•uk Hkh pkfg, ¥ iwoZ eq[; U;k;k/h'k vkj- ,e- yks<+k us de
fd balkiQ gqvk gSA
¥ tfLVl psyes'oj vkSj tfLVl dqfj;u
tkslsiQ ds eqrkfcd U;k;ikfydk vkSj
dk;Zikfydk dks ,d nwljs ds çfr ç'kalk ¥ U;k;ewfrZ nhid xqIrk dh fVIif.k;ka Hkh
dk Hkko j•us ds ctk, ,d nwljs ij
fuxjkuh j•uh pkfg,A lsokfuo`fÙk ds ckn
feyus okyh fu;qfÙkQ;ka vDlj U;k;ikfydk
dh Lora=krk esa fxjkoV dh otg cu ldrh
gSaA
¥ v#.k tsVyh us usrk çfri{k dh gSfl;r ls
jkT;lHkk esa 2012 esa ttksa ds fy, ^dwfyax
ihfj;M* dh odkyr dh Fkh- mUgksaus dgk
Fkk fd] ^lsokfuo`fÙk ls igys fy, x, ¥ lsokfuo`Ùk gksus okys ttksa ds O;kid vuqHko
iQSlys lsokfuo`fÙk ds ckn feyus okys in
dh pkgr esa çHkkfor gksrs gSaA esjh lykg gS
fd lsokfuo`fÙk ds ckn nks lkyksa (fu;qfÙkQ
ls igys) dk varjky gksuk pkfg, vU;Fkk
ljdkj çR;{k ;k vçR;{k :i ls vnkyrksa
dks çHkkfor dj ldrh gS vkSj ,d Lora=k] ¥ U;k;k/h'kksa ds fy, 16&lw=kh; vkpkj
fu"i{k vkSj bZekunkj U;k;ikfydk dHkh Hkh
okLrfodrk ugha cu ik,xhA*
¥ tfLVl ,l,p dikfM+;k vkSj tfLVl
Vh,l Bkdqj ds vuqlkj fdlh Hkh tt dks
fdlh Hkh ljdkj ls feyus okyh osruHkksxh
ukSdfj;ksa dks] de ls de lsokfuo`fÙk ds
ckn ds rhu lky ds ^dwfyax ihfj;M* esa
Lohdkj ugha djuk pkfg,A
;fn dksbZ U;k;k/h'k ljdkj ds i{k esa
vR;f/d fooknkLin ekeyksa ij fu.kZ;
djrk gS vkSj fiQj lsokfuo`fÙk ds ckn
dksbZ 'kkldh; in Lohdkj djrk gS rks
lelkef;dh : Perfect 7
blls turk ds chp ;gh lans'k tkrk gS
fd U;k;ikfydk dh Lora=krk ls le>kSrk
fd;k x;k gS] Hkys gh ;g ^fDoM çks Doks*
(ykHk ds cnys ykHk çkIr djuk) dk
ekeyk u gksA
O;fÙkQ;ksa dh fu;qfÙkQ;ksa ds fy;s dwfyax vkWiQ
ihfj;M dh vko';drk gksrh gS rkfd fgrksa
ds Vdjko dh laHkkouk ;k lansg dks lekIr
fd;k tk ldsA bl dwfyax vkWiQ ihfj;M
dks Hkkjrh; U;k;ikfydk rd c<+k;k tkuk
pkfg,A
ls de nks lky dh dwfyax vkWiQ ihfj;M
dh fliQkfj'k dh gSA bl fliQkfj'k dks
vey esa ykus dh vko';drk gSA
çklafxd gSaA mUgksaus dgk Fkk] dqN in
gks ldrs gSa] ftuesa lsokfuo`Ùk U;k;k/h'kksa
dks fu;qÙkQ djus dh vko';drk gksrh gS
tSls fd yksdiky] yksdk;qÙkQ] ekuokf/dkj
vk;ksx ds vè;{k] Hkkjr ds fof/ vk;ksx
ds vè;{k vkfnA gkykafd ;g jkstejkZ dk
fo"k; ugha cuuk pkfg,] fo'ks"k :i ls tc
ljdkj fu;qfÙkQ;ka dj jgh gksA
vkSj mudh xgjh varnZ`f"V dks ;wa gh xaok
nsuk Hkh ,d vkn'kZ fLFkfr ugha gSA blds
fy, ,d O;kid ç.kkyh fodflr djuh
gksxh ftldh enn ls lsokfuo`Ùk ttksa dh
{kerk dk mfpr bLrseky fd;k tk ldsA
lafgrk] ftls ebZ 1997 esa eq[; U;k;kèkh'kksa
ds lEesyu esa ¶U;kf;d thou ds ewY;ksa
dh iquLFkkZiuk¸ viuk;k x;k Fkk& dks
U;k;k/h'kksa }kjk ikyu fd, tkus dh
vko';drk gSA
lkekU; vè;;u iz'u i=k&2
¥ fofHkUu ?kVdksa ds chp 'kfDr;ksa dk
i`FkDdj.k] fookn fuokj.k ra=k rFkk
laLFkkuA
g
A vad&1
 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7
3- ykWdMkmu esa ljdkj }kjk nh xbZ jkgr
ppkZ dk dkj.k
gky gh esa izèkkuea=kh ujsUnz eksnh us dksfoM&19
(dksjksuk ok;jl ls mRiUu chekjh) ls fuiVus
gsrq 21 fnuksa ds ns'kO;kih can (Lockdown)
ykWdMkmu (25 ekpZ ls ysdj 14 vizSy rd)
dh ?kks"k.kk dh gSA
ifjp;
¥ izèkkuea=kh us iwjs ns'k dks lEcksfèkr djrs
gq, dgk fd dksfoM&19 tSlh oSf'od
chekjh ls fuiVus gsrq 21 fnuksa dk ns'kO;kih
ykWdMkmu (Lockdown) vfr vko';d gSA
¥ dksfoM&19 chekjh esa dksjksuk ok;jl dk
laØe.k ,d O;fDr ls nwljs O;fDr esa
rsth ls iSQyrk gS] vr% ykWdMkmu ds }kjk
lkekftd nwjh (Social Distancing) cukdj
blds izlkj dks jksdk tk ldrk gSA
¥ izèkkuea=kh us dgk fd ykWdMkmu ds nkSjku
t:jh oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa dh vkiwfrZ dÝ;wZ
fujarj cuh jgsxhA
¥ ljdkj us ;g Hkh fliQkfj'k dh gS fd yksx
u gh viQokg iSQyk;sa vkSj u iSQyus nsaA
dksfoM&19 chekjh ds izfr vaèkfo'okl vkSj
Lo&mipkj (Self-medication) ls cpuk ¥ dÝ;wZ esa ljdkj vdlj t:jh oLrqvksa ,oa
pkfg,A
ykWdMkmu vkSj dÝ;wZ
¥ ykWdMkmu vkSj dÝ;wZ] nksuksa ds gh yxHkx
mís'; ,d tSls gSa] fdUrq bu nksuksa ¥ dÝ;wZ ds nkSjku iqfyl fxjÝrkj Hkh dj
voèkkj.kkvksa esa dqN cqfu;knh varj gSa] ftls
ge uhps fn;s x;s 'kh"kZdksa ls le>saxsA
ykWdMkmu
¥ ykWdMkmu dksbZ dkuwuh 'kCn ugha gS D;ksafd
bldk Hkkjr ds fdlh Hkh dkuwu esa mYys[k
ugha gSA bls vke cksy&pky dh Hkk"kk esa
iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA gkykafd bl le;
Hkkjr ljdkj us tks ykWdMkmu yxk;k
gS] mls egkekjh jksx vfèkfu;e] 1897
(Epidemic Disease Act, 1897) ds rgr
yxk;k gSA bl izdkj dgk tk ldrk gS fd
ykWdMkmu 'kCn dk Hkys gh] fdlh dkuwu
esa mYys[k ugha gS fdUrq ;g voèkkj.kkRed
:i ls 1897 ds dkuwu esa ekStwn gSA bl
dkuwu esa dsUnz vkSj jkT; nksuksa dks dkiQh
vizSy 2020 A vad&1
'kfDr;k¡ nh x;h gSaA
¥ ykWdMkmu dh fLFkfr esa vko';d oLrqvksa
(;Fkk&[kk| lkexzh] nwèk vkfn) vkSj lsokvksa
(;Fkk&ehfM;k] jln vkiwfrZ vkfn) ds fy,
NwV gksrh gS vkSj blds fy, yksx ckgj
fudy ldrs gSaA
ykWdMkmu esa iqfyl yksxksa dks fgjklr
¥
esa ugha ysrh gSA gkykafd dksVZ ds vkns'k
ls ,slk fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;fn dksbZ
vO;oLFkk iSQykrk gS rks iqfyl Hkkjrh; naM
lafgrk dh èkkjk 269 vkSj 270 ds rgr
dk;Zokgh djrh gSA
¥ ykWdMkmu ds nkSjku dksjksuk ok;jl ls
laØfer yksxksa dks DokjafVu (Quarantine)
fd;k tk jgk gS vkSj DokjafVu dk mYya?ku
djus okys ds fo#¼ iqfyl vkbZihlh dk
èkkjk 271 ds rgr dk;ZokbZ djrh gSA
¥ dkuwu ,oa O;oLFkk dk fo"k; jkT; ljdkj
ds gkFkksa esa gksrk gS] vr% jkT; ljdkj
lhvkjihlh dh èkkjk 144 ds rgr dÝ;wZ
dks ykxw djrh gSA
lsokvksa dh vkiwfrZ ij Hkh jksd yxk nsrh gSA
;gk¡ vkikr lsokvksa (;Fkk& vLirky vkfn)
dks pkyw j[kk tkrk gSA
ldrh gSA bl nkSjku ckgj fudyus okys
O;fDr dks iz'kklu ls ijfeV ysus dh
vko';drk gksrh gSA
ljdkjh igysa
¥ Hkkjr ljdkj us dksfoM&19 ls yM+us gsrq
LokLF; <k¡ps dks etcwr djus gsrq 15000
djksM+ #i;s ds iSdst dh ?kks"k.kk dh gSA
blls dksjksuk ok;jl tk¡p lqfoèkk] osafVysVj]
nok vkSj MkWDVj o esfMdy LVkWiQ dks
izf'k{k.k miyCèk djk;k tk ldsxkA
¥ foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx (Mh,lVh)
us foKku o izkS|ksfxdh ea=kky; ds vUrxZr
chekfj;ksa ls fuiVus gsrq izkS|ksfxdh ds {ks=k
esa pyk;h tkus okyh ;kstukvksa dks lefUor
fd;k gS rkfd tk¡p&fdV] FkeZy LdSuj]
osafVysVj] ekWLd vkfn dh vkiwfrZ rFkk
dksfoM&19 ls fuiVus gsrq vuqla/ku ,oa
fodkl dks izksRlkgu fn;k tk ldsA
¥ lkoZtfud LFkkuksa ,oa ;krk;kr ds lk/uksa dks
laØe.k eqDr djus gsrq ljdkj us lksfM;e
gkbiksDyksjkbV (Sodium Hypochlorite) tSls
jlk;uksa dk fNM+dko fd;k gSA
¥ vFkZO;oLFkk ij dksfoM&19 ds udkjkRed
izHkko dks de djus ds fy, Hkkjrh; fjtoZ
cSad dh ekSfnzd uhfr lfefr (,eihlh) us
le; ls iwoZ cSBd dh vkSj jsiks nj esa 75
vkèkkj vadksa dh dVkSrh djds 4-4» fd;k]
tcfd fjolZ jsiks nj esa 90 vkèkkj vadksa
dh dVkSrh djds 4» dj fn;kA
¥ Hkkjr ljdkj us bl egkekjh ds nkSjku fdlh
Hkh vkikr fLFkfr ls fuiVus gsrq ^vkikr
fLFkfr;ksa esa izèkkuea=kh ukxfjd lgk;rk
vkSj jkgr dks"k* (Prime Minister's Citizen
Assistance and Relief in Emergency
Situation Fund) dh LFkkiuk dh gSA blds
vè;{k izèkkuea=kh gSa vkSj blesa dksbZ Hkh
(O;fDr vFkok laLFkk) ;ksxnku dj ldrk
gSA gkyk¡fd dkWiksZjsV lks'ky fjLikalfcfyVh
(lh,lvkj) ds rgr dEifu;ksa dks ;ksxnku
djuk vfuok;Z gSA
¥ Je vkSj jkstxkj ea=kky; us ^deZpkjh
Hkfo"; fufèk* (bZih,iQ) ;kstuk esa la'kksèku
fd;k gS rkfd bZih,iQ [kkrksa ls yksx dqy
jkf'k dk 75» dk xSj&okilh vfxze ;k rhu
ekg dk ikfjJfed (buesa ls tks Hkh de
gks) izkIr dj ldsaA
¥ Hkkjr ljdkj us izèkkuea=kh xjhc dY;k.k
;kstuk] LokLF; dfeZ;ksa ds fy, chek
;kstuk ,oa vU; ds fy, 1-7 yk[k djksM+
#i;s ds jkgr iSdst dh Hkh ?kks"k.kk dh gSA
¥ izèkkuea=kh xjhc dY;k.k ;kstuk ds rgr
eujsxk] fdlkuksa (fdlku lEeku fufèk ds
vUrxZr)] tu èku [kkrk }kjk efgykvksa]
Lo;a lgk;rk lewg] ofj"B ukxfjd vkfn
dks ykHk igq¡pk;k tk;sxkA
¥ bl ;kstuk ds rgr LokLF; dfeZ;ksa dks 50
yk[k dk chek doj iznku fd;k x;k gSA
¥ izèkkuea=kh xjhc dY;k.k vUu ;kstuk ds
5

rgr lkoZtfud forj.k iz.kkyh ls vkSj
vfèkd vukt miyCèk djk;k tk;sxkA
¥ ljdkj us dkWiksjZ Vs fnokfy;kiu dh dk;ZokbZ
dh lhek (Insolvency Thresold) dks 1 yk[k
#i;s ls c<+kdj 1 djksM+ #i;s dj fn;k
gS rkfd ,e,l,ebZ dks jkgr iznku dh tk
ldsA
fo'ys"k.k
¥ foKku o izk| S ksfxdh foHkkx ds iz;klksa ls
dksfoM&19 ls fuiVus gsrq dbZ rduhdksa
dk fodkl gks jgk gS] ;Fkk& iq.ks fLFkr
,d LVkVZ&vi us vLirky dks dhVk.kqjfgr
djus gsrq lkbVsd ,;jvkWu (Scitech Airon)
rduhd dk fodkl fd;k gSA gkykafd
ljdkj dks fufèk (NIDHI) o iz;kl (PRAYAS)
dk;ZØe ds rgr LVkVZ&vIl dks vkSj vfèkd
izkRs lkfgr djuk pkfg,A
¥ dbZ txgksa ij ;g Hkh ns[kk x;k gS fd
vU; izn's kkas ls ?kj ykSVus okys O;fDr;ksa dks
laØe.k eqDr djus ds fy, mu ij lksfM;e
gkbiksDyksjkbM dk fNM+dko dj fn;k x;kA
lksfM;e gkbiksDyksjkbV tSls jlk;uksa ds
fNM+dko ls yksxksa dks vU; jksx gks ldrs gSAa
¥ Hkkjr ljdkj us lkoZtfud Hkfo"; fufèk
(ihih,iQ)] jk"Vªh; cpr izek.k i=k
iz- gky gh esa dksjksuk ok;jl ds izHkko ls cpus ds fy, ljdkj }kjk ns'kO;kih can dk vkokgu fd;k x;kA ns'kO;kih can bl
ok;jl ls fuiVus esa fdl izdkj lgk;d gksxk\ ppkZ djsaA
4- xHkZ dk fpfdRldh; lekiu (la'kks/u) fo/s;d] 2020 % ,d voyksdu
ppkZ dk dkj.k
¥ gky gh esa yksdlHkk }kjk xHkZ dk
fpfdRldh; lekiu (la'kks/u) foèks;d
2020 (The Medical Termination of
Pregnancy (Amendment) Bill 2020) ikfjr
fd;k x;kA blesa xHkZikr dh lhek c<+kdj
24 lIrkg djus dk çko/ku fd;k x;k
gSA blls igys efgyk,¡ vf/dre 20
lIrkg rd gh xHkZikr djk ldrh FkhaA bl
foèks;d esa esfMdy VfeZus'ku vkWiQ çsxusalh
,DV&1971 (,eVhih ,DV) esa la'kks/u dk
çLrko j•k x;k gSA
ifjp;
¥ Hkkjr esa xHkZ/kj.k dks lekIr dus ds fy,
6 vizSy 2020
(,u,llh)] fdlku fodkl i=k (dsohih)]
lqdU;k le`f¼ ;kstuk vkfn tSLh NksVh cpr
dh ;kstukvksa esa C;kt njksa esa dVkSrh dh
gSA blls csjkstxkjh ds na'k dks lgu dj vkxs dh jkg
jgs yksxksa dh cpr izHkkfor gksxh vkSj vkxs
pydj fuos'k ij Hkh udkjkRed vlj iM+ ¥ ljdkj dks dksfoM&19 ls fuiVus gsrq 'kq:
ldrk gSA
¥ dqN dksfoM&19 ds lafnXèkksa dh futh
tkudkjh lkoZtfud gqbZ blls mudh futrk
¥ orZeku esa O;kIr pqukSfr;ksa ls fuiVus gsrq
ds vfèkdkj (ekSfyd vfèkdkj) dk guu
gksrk gS] vr% ljdkj dks bl ij izHkkoh jksd
yxkuh pkfg,A
¥ eè;oxZ ij vkfFkZd Hkkj dks de djus ds
fy, vkjchvkbZ us cSd a ksa ls fuosnu fd;k gS
fd bZ,evkbZ esa NwV iznku djsAa var% igys
ls gh ,uih, vkfn leL;kvksa ls tw> jgs
cSd
a ksa dks vkSj pqukSfr;ksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+
ldrk gSA
¥ Hkkjr ljdkj us dksfoM&19 ls fuiVus gsrq
dbZ vkfFkZd iSdt s ksa dh ?kks"k.kk dh gS] ysfdu
fo'ks"kKksa dk ekuuk gS fd bruh fo'kky
vkcknh ds fy, ;g jkf'k dkiQh de gSA
¥ o`gn la[;k esa mRiknu bdkbZ;ksa ds can gksus
ls yksxksa ds Hkkjh ek=kk esa jkstxkj fNu x;s gSa
tks ek¡x] cpr] fuos'k vkfn lHkh dks izHkkfor
ekStwnk dkuwu 12 lIrkg dh le;kof/ çnku
djrk gSA dqN ekeyksa esa gh bl vof/ dks
20 lIrkg rd c<+k;k tk ldrk gSA ftlds
ifj.kkeLo:i efgyk,¡ xHkZikr ds vlqjf{kr
lk/uksa dk lgkjk ysrh gSa] ftlls tfVyrk,¡
mRiUu gksrh gSa vkSj dHkh&dHkh e`R;q Hkh gks
tkrh gSA gky dh fjiksVks± ls irk pyrk gS
fd Hkkjr esa vlqjf{kr xHkZikr ds dkj.k
izfrfnu 10 ls vf/d efgykvksa dh ekSr
gks tkrh gSA
¥ yacs le; ls efgyk,¡ vkSj fpfdRld
ekStwnk dkuwu esa la'kks/u dh ekax dj jgs
FksA vnkyr us Hkh blds fy, vkxzg fd;k
FkkA blds ihNs ;g nyhy nh tkrh gS fd
lelkef;dh : Perfect 7
djsxa As fo'ks"kKksa dk ;gk¡ rd dguk gS fd
vFkZO;oLFkk dks eanh dk lkeuk djuk iM+
ldrk gSA
dh x;h ;kstukvksa ds mfpr fØ;kUo;u ij
è;ku nsuk gksxk rkfd bl chekjh dk de ls
de vlj gksA
,d uhfr cukus dh vko';drk gS ftlesa
y?kqdkfyd ,oa nh?kZdkfyd nksuksa izdkj ds
y{; gksAa
lkekU; vè;;u iz'u i=k&2
¥ ljdkjh uhfr;ksa vkSj fofHkUu {ks=kksa esa
fodkl ds fy, gLr{ksi vkSj muds
vfHkdYiu rFkk dk;kZUo;u ds dkj.k
mRiUu eqísA
¥ dsUnz ,oa jkT;ksa }kjk tula[;k ds
vfr laosnu'khy oxks± ds fy, dY;k.
kdkjh ;kstuk,a vkSj bu ;kstukvksa dk
dk;Z&fu"iknu] bu vfr laosnu'khy
oxks± dh j{kk ,oa csgrjh ds fy, xfBr
ra=k] fof/] laLFkku ,oa fudk;A
g
vxj efgyk dks xHkZorh gksus dk vf/dkj
gS] rks xHkZikr djokuk gS ;k ugha bldk
Hkh gd mlh ds ikl gksuk pkfg,A cPps
dks tUe nsuk gh vge ugha gksrk cfYd
cPps dh lgh ijofj'k vkSj ikyu&iks"k.k
dh ftEesnkjh Hkh eq[;r% efgyk ij gh
gksrh gSA ,sls esa ;fn dksbZ efgyk o"kks± pyus
okyh bl ftEesnkjh dk ikyu djus dh
fLFkfr esa ugha gS rks mls xHkZikr dh btktr
feyuh gh pkfg,A dbZ ekeyksa esa rks xHkZ
dh folaxfr;ksa dk irk gh 20 lIrkg ds
ckn pyrk gS vkSj orZeku dkuwu ds rgr
20lIrkg ds ckn xHkZikr ugha djk;k tk
ldrk gSA ,d vuqeku gS fd ns'k esa gj
A vad&1
 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7
lky djhc 2 djksM+ 70 yk• cPps tUe
ysrs gSa] ftuesa ls 17 yk• cPps tUetkr
folaxfr;ksa ds lkFk iSnk gksrs gSaA MkWDVjksa
dk dguk gS fd xzkeh.k bykdksa esa ekeys
nsj ls lkeus vkus ij 20 gÝrksa esa xHkZikr
djuk laHko ugha gksrkA 20 gÝrksa dh lhek
ds pyrs dbZ txgksa ij xSjdkuwuh rjhds ls
vlqjf{kr <ax ls xHkZikr djk, tk jgs FksA
¥ ns'k esa dqy ekr` e`R;q nj dk tks vkadM+k
gS mlesa 8 iQhlnh ekSrsa vlqjf{kr rjhds
ls gksus okys xHkZikr ds dkj.k gksrh gSaA
njvly çlo iwoZ fyax fu/kZj.k ij çfrca/
ds dkj.k dbZ vPNs MkWDVj xHkZikr djus
ls fgpdrs gSaA blfy, dbZ ckj ;g dke
uhe&gdheksa ls djk;k tkrk gSA bu reke
leL;kvksa dh otg ls xHkZikr dh lhek
c<+kuk csgn t:jh gks x;k FkkA
¥ lqjf{kr xHkZikr ds fy, fpfdRlk çkS|ksfxdh
esa çxfr dks ns•rs gq;s ;g fo/s;d 1971
ds xHkZikr dks lekIr djus okys dkuwu
esa la'kks/u dks çLrkfor djrk gS rkfd
xHkZ/kj.k dks lekIr djus dh Åijh le;
lhek dks c<+k;k tk ldsA
fo/s;d ds eq[; fcanq
xHkkZoLFkk dks lekIr djuk% ,eVhih ,DV
¥
ds varxZr 12 lIrkg ds vanj xHkkZoLFkk dks
lekIr fd;k tk ldrk gS] vxj iathÑr
esfMdy çSDVh'kuj dh jk; esa (i) xHkkZoLFkk
ls ek¡ ds thou dks •rjk gks ldrk gS ;k
mldh lsgr dks xaHkhj uqdlku gks ldrk
gS] ;k (ii) vxj bl ckr dk tksf•e gS
fd cPpk 'kkjhfjd ;k ekufld :i ls
vlkekU; iSnk gks ldrk gSA ogha 12 ls
20 lIrkg esa xHkkZoLFkk dks lekIr djus
ds fy, nks esfMdy çSDVh'kulZ dh jk;
visf{kr gSA
¥ orZeku fo/s;d esa bl çko/ku dks la'kksfèkr
fd;k x;k gS ftlds vuqlkj ,d iathÑr
esfMdy çSDVh'kuj dh jk; ls 20 lIrkg
ds Hkhrj xHkkZoLFkk dks lekIr fd;k tk
ldrk gSA tcfd 20 ls 24 lIrkg ds
chp xHkZikr djkus ds fy, nks iathÑr
esfMdy çSDVh'kulZ dh jk; visf{kr gSA 24
lIrkg rd xHkZikr djkus okyk çko/ku
fliQZ fof'k"V Js.kh dh efgykvksa ij gh
vizSy 2020 A vad&1
ykxw gksxk vkSj mu Jsf.k;ksa dks dsaæ ljdkj xHkZikr dh oSf'od fLFkfr
}kjk fufnZ"V fd;k tk,xkA blds vfrfjÙkQ ¥ nqfu;k Hkj ds ns'kksa esa xHkZikr ls lacfU/r
dsaæ ljdkj esfMdy çSDVh'kulZ ds fy,
xHkkZoLFkk dks lekIr djus ls lacfU/r jk;
nsus ds fu;eksa dks Hkh vf/lwfpr djsxhA
iqjkus vf/fu;e ds vuqlkj vxj fookfgr
¥
efgyk ;k mlds ifr }kjk ç;ksx fd, x,
xHkZfujks/d ds vliQy jgus ij xHkkZoLFkk
gksrh gS rks vokafNr xHkkZoLFkk ls xHkZorh
efgyk dks ekufld vk?kkr gks ldrk
gSA orZeku fo/s;d esa bl çko/ku dks
Hkh la'kksf/r fd;k x;k gS vkSj ^fookfgr
¥ dukMk] teZuh] fo;ruke] MsuekdZ] ?kkuk]
efgyk ;k mlds ifr* ds LFkku ij ^efgyk
;k mldk lkFkh* 'kCn dk ç;ksx fd;k
x;k gSA
¥ esfMdy cksMZ dk xBu% orZeku fo/s;d
ds vuqlkj] xHkkZoLFkk dks lekIr djus
dh Åijh lhek mu ekeyksa esa ykxw ugha
gksxh] tgka vlkekU; Hkzw.k (fetus) ds funku
(Mk;Xuksfll) ds dkj.k xHkZikr t:jh gSA
bl vlkekU; Hkzw.k dk Mk;Xuksfll esfMdy
cksMZ }kjk fd;k tk,xkA
¥ fo/s;d ds varxZr çR;sd jkT; ljdkj
,d esfMdy cksMZ cuk,xhA bu cksM~lZ esa
fuEufyf•r lnL; 'kkfey gksaxs%
ˆ L=kh&jksx fo'ks"kK
ˆ cky&jksx fo'ks"kK
ˆ jsfM;ksykWftLV ;k lksuksykWftLV] vkSj
ˆ dksbZ vU; lnL;] ftls jkT; ljdkj }kjk
vf/lwfpr fd;k tk ldrk gSA
¥ mYys•uh; gS fd dsaæ ljdkj bu esfMdy
cksM~lZ dh 'kfÙkQ;ksa vkSj dk;ks± dks vf/lwfpr
djsxhA
¥ efgyk dh futrk dk laj{k.k% fo/s;d
ds vuqlkj] iathÑr esfMdy çSDVh'kuj dks
fdlh O;fÙkQ ds le{k ml efgyk ds uke
vkSj mlds vU; fooj.k dk •qyklk djus
dh vuqefr ugha gS ftldk xHkZikr fd;k
tkuk gSA og fliQZ mlh O;fÙkQ ds le{k ;g
•qyklk dj ldrk gS ftls fdlh dkuwu ds
varxZr vf/Ñr fd;k x;k gSA bl çko/ku
dk mYya?ku djus okys O;fÙkQ dks ,d o"kZ
rd dh ltk] ;k tqekZuk] ;k nksuksa ls nafMr
fd;k tk ldrk gSA
dkuwu vyx&vyx gSa vkSj yxHkx 60
ns'k xHkZikr dh Åijh le; lhek fu/kZfjr
djrs gSaA Úkal] ;wukbVsM fdaxMe] vkWfLVª;k]
bfFk;ksfi;k] bVyh] Lisu] vkblySaM]
fiQuySaM] LohMu] ukWoZs] fLoV~tjySaM vkSj
;gka rd fd usiky tSls ns'kksa esa Hkh Hkzw.k
dh vlkekU;rkvksa ds funku ds fy, 20
ls vf/d lIrkg rd xHkZikr dh vuqefr
gSA
vkSj tkfEc;k lfgr 23 ns'k ,sls gSa tks
bu lhekvksa ls vkxs c<+dj ek¡ ds vuqjks/
ij xHkkZoLFkk ds nkSjku fdlh Hkh le;
xHkZikr dh vuqefr nsrs gSaA fczVsu esa]
^jkW;y dkWyst vkWiQ vkWClfVªf'k;al* }kjk
rS;kj fd, x, xHkZikr ds fn'kkfunZs'kksa ds
rgr 24 lIrkg rd xHkZikr dh vuqefr
gSA bu fn'kkfunZs'kksa esa ;g Hkh dgk x;k gS
fd] 21 lIrkg vkSj 6 fnuksa ls vf/d mez
dh xHkkZoLFkk esa] xHkZikr ds fy, Hkzw.k dks
ckgj fudkyus ls igys batsD'ku nsdj mls
ekj fn;k tkrk gSA
Hkkjr esa xHkZikr dh fLFkfr
¥ xqVekdj baLVhV~;wV (Guttmacher Institute)
ds 2018 ds ,d vè;;u ds vuqlkj] Hkkjr
ds Ng cM+s jkT;ksa&vle] fcgkj] xqtjkr]
eè; çns'k] rfeyukMq vkSj mÙkj çns'k esa
50» xHkZ/kj.k vupkgs gksrs gSaA jk"Vªh;
ifjokj LokLF; loZs{k.k&4 ds vkadM+ksa
ns'k esa fliQZ 8» naifÙk gh vk/qfud
xHkZfujks/d rjhdksa dk bLrseky djrs gSa
vkSj 53» fdlh u fdlh xHkZfujks/d
fof/ dk mi;ksx djrs gSaA blesa ;g Hkh
ik;k x;k fd vle esa 55»] fcgkj esa
48»] xqtjkr esa 53»] eè; çns'k esa 50»]
rfeyukMq esa 43» vkSj mÙkj çns'k esa 49»
xHkZ/kj.k vupkgs gSaA
¥ xqVekdj baLVhVÔwV vkSj fo'o LokLF;
laxBu dh enn ls ykalsV (The Lancet)
}kjk 2016 esa çdkf'kr ,d vè;;u ds
vuqlkj] 2010 ls 2014 ds chp gj lky
yxHkx 56 fefy;u xHkZikr gq,A xqVekdj
7
 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

baLVhVÔwV vkSj vkbZvkbZih,l dh enn ls
ykalsV }kjk 2015 esa çdkf'kr Xykscy gsYFk
ds vè;;u esa vuqeku yxk;k x;k fd
2015 esa Hkkjr esa 15-6 fefy;u xHkZikr
fd, x, FksA
vkxs dh jkg
¥ xHkZ dk fpfdRldh; lekiu (la'kks/u)
foèks;d 2020 efgykvksa rd fpfdRlh;]
;wtsfud] ekuoh; ;k lkekftd vk/kj ij
lqjf{kr vkSj dkuwuh xHkZikr lsokvksa dh igqp
a ij fuHkZjrk ?kVsxhA
dks foLrkfjr djrk gSA
¥ ;g efgykvksa dh lqj{kk vkSj dY;k.k dh
fn'kk esa ,d dne gS vkSj blls dbZ efgyk,a
ykHkkfUor gksaxhA
¥ blls efgykvksa }kjk lkeuk dh tkus
okyh ;kSu fgalk ds dkj.k xHkZ/kj.k Hkzw.k
dh vlkekU;rkvksa xHkZ/kj.k ds vk/kj ij
orZeku vuqefr lhek ls ijs xHkZdkyhu mez
esa xHkZikr dh vuqefr ds fy, U;k;ky;ksa
¥ bl vf/fu;e esa xHkZdkyhu vk;q esa
çLrkfor o`f¼ xHkkZoLFkk dks lekIr djus
dh bPNk j•us okyh efgykvksa ds fy,
xfjek] Lok;Ùkrk] xksiuh;rk vkSj U;k;
lqfuf'pr djsxhA
lkekU; vè;;u iz'u i=k&2
¥ LokLF;] f'k{kk] ekuo lalk/uksa ls
lacaf/r lkekftd {ks=k@ lsokvksa ds
fodkl vkSj izca/u ls lacaf/r eqísA
g

iz- gky gh esa xHkZ dk fpfdRlh; lekiu (la'kks/u) fo/s;d 2020 dks yksdlHkk }kjk ikfjr fd;k x;kA bl fo/s;d ds izkoèkkuksa
dk mYys[k djrs gq,] ;g crk;sa fd blls efgykvksa dh thou j{kk esa fdruk lq/kj gksxk\

5- Hkkjr&teZuh laca/ ,d u;s nkSj esa

ppkZ dk dkj.k% ¥ futh Vªus lapkyu vkSj dksbZ Hkh vU; {ks=k us 1991 esa lq/kj dk jkLrk viuk;k vkSj
¥ ç/kuea=kh ujsæa eksnh dh vè;{krk esa dsæa h; tks nksuksa i{kksa ds chp fyf•r :i esa ijLij viuh vFkZO;oLFkk dk oS'ohdj.k fd;k
eaf=keaMy us jsy ea=kky;] Hkkjr ljdkj vkSj lger gks ldrk gSA blfy, nksuksa ns'kksa ds chp O;kikj dh ek=kk
teZuh ds Mhch bathfu;fjax ,aM dalfYVax Hkkjr vkSj teZuh rsth ls c<+h gSA
th,e ds chp ,d le>kSrk Kkiu (,evks;)w ¥ teZu oLrqvksa] fo'ks"k :i ls iwathxr oLrqvksa
dks eatjw h ns nhA le>kSrk Kkiu ij iQjojh ¥ jktuhfrd lac/ a % Hkkjr teZuh ds la?kh; (e'khujh] bysfDVªdy bathfu;fjax mRikn]
2020 esa gLrk{kj fd, x, FksA x.kjkT; ds lkFk jktuf;d lac/ a LFkkfir èkkrq ds lkeku] jklk;fud mRikn] eksVj
djus okys igys ns'kksa esa ls ,d FkkA vkt] okgu vkSj okgu Hkkxksa) ds fy, etcwr
i`"BHkwfe
Hkkjr vius egRokdka{kh vkfFkZd lq/kj Hkkjrh; ekax gSA
¥ jsy ea=kky; us fofHkUu fons'kh vkSj jk"Vªh; dk;ZØeksa vkSj ns'k ds vkS|ksfxd {ks=k ds
jsyos esa rduhdh lg;ksx ds fy, le>kSrk ¥ teZuh diM+k {ks=k] jklk;fud mRiknksa]
fodkl ds fy, nqfu;k esa teZuh dks ,d bysfDVªdy bathfu;fjax mRiknksa] /krq vkSj
Kkiuksa (le>kSrk Kkiuks)a @ lg;ksx ds Kkiuksa egRoiw.kZ Hkkxhnkj ekurk gSA
(MoCs)@ ç'kklfud O;oLFkkvksa (AAs)@la;Ùq kQ peM+s ds lkeku vkSj •k| inkFkks± ds fy,
?kks"k.kkvksa (JDI) ij gLrk{kj fd, gSAa jsyos ¥ teZuh vkSj Hkkjr fu;e&vk/kfjr varjkZ"Vªh; Hkkjrh; fu;kZr ij dsafær gSA
{ks=k esa rduhdh lg;ksx ds fy, le>kSrk O;oLFkk dks cuk, j•us esa fo'ks"k :i ls ¥ n'kdksa ls] teZuh Hkkjr esa nl çeq• fons'kh
Kkiu (,evks;)w fuEufyf•r {ks=kksa esa lg;ksx leqæh {ks=k esa ,d lk>k fgr lk>k djrs gSAa çR;{k fuos'kdksa esa ls ,d jgk gSA teZuh
dks l{ke djsxk% ¥ oSf'od vkradokn ds f•ykiQ la;Ùq kQ yM+kbZ Hkkjr esa 7 oka lcls cM+k fons'kh çR;{k
¥ eky ifjpkyu (lhek ikj ifjogu] eksVj vkSj vf/d egRoiw.kZ gksrh tk jgh gSA lkbcj fuos'kd gSA vçSy 2000 ls fnlacj 2017
okgu ifjogu vkSj jln lfgr) lqj{kk ,d ,slk {ks=k gS ftlesa teZuh vkSj rd Hkkjr esa lap;h teZu ,iQMhvkbZ 10-
¥ ;k=kh ifjpkyu (mPp xfr vkSj lhek ikj Hkkjr vDlj leku fopkj j•rs gSAa 71 fcfy;u MkWyj ;k dqy ,iQMhvkbZ dk
;krk;kr lfgr)] ¥ ebZ 2000 es]a nksuksa ns'kksa us ^21 oha 'krkCnh 2-91» FkkA
¥ cqfu;knh <kapk fuekZ.k vkSj çca/u (lefiZr esa Hkkjr&teZuh lk>snkjh ds fy, ,tsMa k* ¥ fnlacj 2018 esa] teZu çR;{k fuos'k dqy
eky xfy;kjksa vkSj ;k=kh LVs'kuksa ds fodkl dks viuk;k] ftlesa nksuksa 'kklukè;{kksa ds 11-4 fcfy;u vesfjdh MkWyj FkkA fuos'k
lfgr)] lkFk&lkFk fons'k eaf=k;ksa dh okf"kZd cSBdsa us ifjogu] fo|qr vkSj /krq {ks=kksa ij è;ku
¥ ,d vk/qfud] çfrLi/hZ jsyos laxBu dk Hkh 'kkfey gSAa Hkkjr vkSj teZuh 2000&01 ls dsafær fd;k gSA fiNys o"kks± esa] lsok {ks=k
fodkl (laxBukRed lajpukvksa vkSj jsyos ,d ^j.kuhfrd lk>snkjh* cus gq, gSAa (fo'ks"k :i ls chek esa) us bl {ks=k dk
lq/kj ds lq/kj lfgr)] usr`Ro fd;k gS] teZuh us LoPN xaxk ds
vkfFkZd lac/ a fy, jk"Vªh; fe'ku esa Hkh fuos'k fd;k gSA
¥ jsyos lapkyu] foi.ku vkSj fcØh ds
ç'kklfud mís';ksa ds fy, vkbZVh lek/ku] ¥ ;wjksih; la?k esa teZuh Hkkjr dk lcls ¥ teZuh Hkkjr dk ,d egRoiw.kZ O;kikj vkSj
j• & j•ko] egRoiw.kZ O;kikfjd Hkkxhnkj gSA pwafd Hkkjr fuos'k lk>snkj gS vkSj Hkkjr vius cqfu;knh

8 vizSy 2020 A vad&1

 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7
<kapk ifj;kstukvksa esa] uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ ds
{ks=k esa çkS|ksfxdh vkSj fuos'k ds fy, teZuh
dks Hkkxhnkj ds :i esa ns[k jgk gSA
fodkl lg;ksx%
¥ Hkkjr ds lkFk teZuh dk fodkl lg;ksx foKku vkSj rduhd
f}i{kh; laca/ksa dk ,d çeq• ?kVd gSA ¥ 1974 esa oSKkfud vuqla/ku vkSj rduhdh j{kk lg;ksx
Hkkjr ,d oSf'od fodkl Hkkxhnkj gS]
tks oSf'od fodkl ds eqíksa] oSf'od
lkoZtfud oLrqvksa dh lqj{kk] lrr fodkl
y{;ksa (,lMhth) ds lkFk&lkFk varjkZ"Vªh;
çfØ;kvksa (th 20] MCY;wVhvks nksgk nkSj]
tyok;q okrkZ] esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkk
jgk gSA
f}i{kh; fodkl lg;ksx fuEufyf•r {ks=kksa ¥ 2010 esa ,d le>kSrs ds tfj, f}i{kh; ¥ j{kk laokn ra=k esa j{kk lfpoksa ds Lrj ij
ij dsafær gS%
1- ÅtkZ n{krk] uohuhdj.k vkSj xjhch dks
de djus ds fy, ÅtkZ rd igqapA
2- 'kgjh vkSj vkS|ksfxd i;kZoj.k laj{k.k vkSj
'kgjh cqfu;knh <kaps fLFkfr esa lq/kjA
3- tyok;q ifjorZu vuqdwyu {kerk dks etcwr
djuk vkSj xzkeh.k {ks=kksa esa mRikndrk vkSj
vk; c<+kukA
4- efgykvksa dh vkfFkZd Hkkxhnkjh vkSj
O;kolkf;d çf'k{k.k ç.kkyh dh LFkkiuk
dk leFkZu vkSj lkekftd uhfr esa ;k
LVkVZ&vi dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, çksRlkguA
f'k{kk vkSj laLÑfr
¥ teZuh esa yxHkx 20]000 Hkkjrh; Nk=k
fofHkUu ikBÔØeksa dk vuqlj.k dj jgs gSaA
yxHkx 1000 teZu Nk=k Hkkjr esa baVuZf'ki
dj jgs gSaA
¥ teZuh esa Hkkjrh; u`R;] laxhr vkSj lkfgR;
ds lkFk&lkFk pyfp=k vkSj Vhoh m|ksx]
fo'ks"k :i ls ckWyhoqM esa #fp c<+ jgh gSA
¥ ikVZulZ iQkWj n Ý;wpj igy (PASCH) ds
rgr] (48 Hkkjrh; Ldwyksa) ftuesa teZu dks i;kZoj.k laj{k.k
,d fons'kh Hkk"kk ds :i esa i<+k;k tkrk ¥ Hkkjr vkSj teZuh f}i{kh; :i ls vkSj
gS] tSls&xks, FksA
¥ baLVhVÔwV fons'k ls leFkZu çkIr dj jgs gSaA
¥ xks,Fks&baLVhVÔwV us dsaæh; fo|ky; laxBu
(KVS) }kjk lapkfyr Ldwyksa dh jk"Vªh;
Ük`a•yk ds fy, Hkh lg;ksx fd;k gSA
¥ Hkkjr esa xks,Fks&baLVhVÔwV dh Ng 'kk•k,¡ gSa
ftUgsa Hkkjrh; vè;;u ds laLFkkid eSDl
eqyj (1823&1900) ds uke ij ¶eSDl
vizSy 2020 A vad&1
eqyj Hkou¸ dgk tkrk gSA eSDl eqyj (,uMhlh)] okfudh vkSj uohdj.k 'kkfey
baMks&;wjksih; Hkk"kkvksa ds igys fo}ku Fks gSaA
ftUgksaus mifu"knksa vkSj ½Xosn dk vuqokn ¥ nksuksa ns'k oSf'od eqíksa tSls tyok;q
vkSj çdk'ku fd;k FkkA ifjorZu] lrr fodkl vkfn ij th &20 esa
,d&nwljs ls ijke'kZ djrs gSaA
fodkl esa lg;ksx ij varj&ljdkjh
¥ Hkkjr&teZuh j{kk lg;ksx le>kSrk (2006)
le>kSrs ij gLrk{kj fd, x, FksA Hkkjr
f}i{kh; j{kk lg;ksx ds fy, ,d :ijs•k
ds oSKkfud çfr"Bkuksa dk çhfe;j teZu
çnku djrk gSA us'kuy fMiQsal dkWyst
vkj,aMMh laLFkkuksa ds lkFk ?kfu"B Hkkxhnkjh
(,uMhlh) vkSj dkWyst vkWiQ fMiQsal
gS]ftlesa eSDl IySad lkslk;Vh] ÚkmugksiQj
eSustesaV (lhMh,e) ds çfrfuf/eaMy
baLVhVÔw'kal vkSj vysDtsaMj okWu gEcksYV
iQkmaMs'ku 'kkfey gSaA le;&le; ij teZuh dk nkSjk dj pqds gSaA
baMks&teZu lkbal ,aM VsDuksykWth lsaVj mPp j{kk lfefr dh cSBdsa 'kkfey gSaA
(IGSTC) dks vkS|ksfxd çklafxdrk dh ¥ teZu daifu;ka gekjs j{kk ea=kky; dks j{kk
vuqla/ku lk>snkjh dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, lacaf/r midj.k vkSj e'khujh ikV~lZ fu;kZr
Hkkjr ljdkj (DST) vkSj teZuh ljdkj djrh gSaA
(BMBF) dh ,d çeq• igy ds :i esa
flLVj LVsV~l
LFkkfir fd;k x;k FkkA IGSTC us 2011
esa xqM+xkao ls ifjpkyu 'kq: fd;kA Hkkjr ¥ Hkkjr vkSj teZuh ds dqN jkT;ksa vkSj 'kgjksa
us fV~ofuax O;oLFkk esa ços'k fd;k gSA
ds lkFk feydj] teZuh f}i{kh; vuqla/ku
çksRlkgu dsaæ dk leFkZu djrk gSA ¥ dukZVd vkSj ckofj;k esa 2007 ls flLVj
LVsV~l dh O;oLFkk gSA
¥ teZu gkml vkWiQ fjlpZ ,aM buksos'ku
(DWIH) vkf/dkfjd rkSj ij vDVwcj 2012 ¥ eqacbZ vkSj LVVxkVZ 1968 ls flLVj LVsV~l
esa ubZ fnYyh esa •ksyk x;k FkkA gSaA
¥ teZuh esa dbZ cM+s 'kks/ laLFkkuksa esa Hkkjr ¥ tuojh 2015 esa] egkjk"Vª vkSj ckMsu&oqVZsecxZ
dh cM+h fgLlsnkjh gSA la;qÙkQ jkT; vesfjdk us flLVj LVsV laca/ LFkkfir djus ds fy,
ds ckn teZuh nqfu;k Hkj esa Hkkjr dk nwljk ,d le>kSrk Kkiu ij gLrk{kj fd,A
lcls egRoiw.kZ vuqla/ku Hkkxhnkj gSAHkkjr
us teZuh esa çeq• foKku ifj;kstukvksa esa Hkkjr ds fy, teZuh dk egRo
fuos'k fd;k gS tSls fd lqfo/k ds fy, ¥ ,evks;w ds rgr rduhdh lg;ksx ls
,aVhekVZu vkSj vk;u fjlpZ (FAIR) ds vkWVkseksfVo VªkaliksVZ] ØkWl&ckWMZj VªkaliksVZ
fy, MkeZ L Vs M vkS j mUur lkexz h vkS j d.k vkSj ykWftfLVDl lfgr eky <qykbZ dh
HkkSfrdh esa ç;ksxksa ds fy, MÔw'k ,ysØksVªksu lqfo/k gksxhA ;g cqfu;knh <kaps ds fuekZ.k
fluØksVªkWu (DESY)A esa Hkh enn djsxkA blesa u, lefiZr eky
xfy;kjs vkSj ubZ ;k=kh xkfM+;ksa dk fuekZ.k
'kkfey gSA
varjkZ"Vªh; laxBuksa esa varjjk"Vªh; Lrj ij ¥ fnlacj 2018 esa] Hkkjr esa teZu çR;{k
lger i;kZoj.kh; y{;ksa dks çkIr djus fuos'k yxHkx 11-4 fcfy;u vesfjdh
vkSj ,d nwljs ls lh•us ds fy, feydj MkWyj FkkA gkykafd] oSf'od eanh ds chp
dke dj jgs gSaA 2019 esa fuos'k esa fxjkoV vkbZ gSA blds
¥ i;kZoj.k laj{k.k ds {ks=k esa lg;ksx ds fy, foijhr] Hkkjrh; iQeks± }kjk teZuh esa çR;{k
Hkfo"; dh çkFkfedrkvksa esa leqæh dpjs fuos'k (,iQMhvkbZ dk vuqekfur LVkWd)
ds f•ykiQ yM+kbZ] j.kuhfrd fodkl y{;ksa vc 4-2 fcfy;u ;wjks rd igqap x;k gSA
(,lMhth) vkSj jk"Vªh; fu/kZfjr ;ksxnku ¥ teZuh varjkZ"Vªh; vkradokn ij O;kid
9
 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

lEesyu esa Hkkjr ds usr`Ro dk leFkZu ¥ nksuksa çkÑfrd lk>snkj gSa tks le`f¼ ds etcwr djus dh fn'kk esa dke djus dh
djrk gSA teZuh us ijek.kq vkiwfrZdrkZ lewg fy, ,d la;qÙkQ ç;kl] i;kZoj.k vkfn dh t:jr gSA nksuksa ns'kksa dks oSf'od fodkl
(,u,lth) esa Hkkjr dh lnL;rk dk j{kk dj jgs gSA pqukSfr;ksa ls fuiVus ds fy, leku Hkkxhnkj
leFkZu fd;k gSA ¥ Hkkjr teZuh dk lcls cM+k fodkl lk>hnkj ds :i esa dke djuk pkfg,A
¥ Hkkjr vkSj teZuh czkthy vkSj tkiku ds gS ftlus liQyrk ds VªSd fjdkWMZ dks lkfcr
lkFk th &4 ds lnL; gSaA th 4 jk"Vª fd;k gSA vc] nksuksa iQksdl ds {ks=k v{k; ¥ c<+rs i;kZoj.k {kj.k vkSj Xykscy okfeZax ds
la;qÙkQ jk"Vª lqj{kk ifj"kn esa LFkk;h lhVksa ÅtkZ vkSj ÅtkZ n{krk] lrr 'kgjh fodkl] çfrdwy çHkkoksa ds lkFk] gesa vius fuokl
ds fy, ,d&nwljs dk leFkZu djrs gSaA i;kZoj.k laj{k.k vkSj lalk/u çca/u gSaA LFkku dh lfØ; :i ls j{kk djus vkSj
teZuh vkSj Hkkjr th &4 ds <kaps ds Hkhrj pqukSfr;k¡ varjjk"Vªh; Lrj ij bl ekeys ij fudV
;w,u,llh foLrkj ds eqís ij lg;ksx djrs
gSa A ¥ teZuh ;wjksi esa Hkkjr dk lcls cM+k lg;ksx djus dh vko';drk gSA
O;kikfjd Hkkxhnkj gSA teZuh vkSj ;wjksih;
teZuh nqfu;k ds lcls de /wi okys ns'kksa ¥ teZuh ds ikl fo'kky Hkkjrh; cktkj dh
¥
la?k vf/d mnkj Je fu;eksa ds fy, dk;Z
ds chp gksus ds ckotwn nqfu;k Hkj esa lcls djrs gSaA tcfd Hkkjr esa bldk vHkko gSA t:jrksa dks iwjk djus dh rduhdh {kerk
cM+s lkSj ÅtkZ mRikndksa esa ls ,d gSA Hkkjr gSA teZuh ckgj ls dq'ky Je'kfÙkQ dh
¥ O;kikj esa rduhdh fu;e teZu daifu;ksa
ds usr`Ro esa varjkZ"Vªh; lkSj xBca/u esa ds fy, okLrfod cks> gSa vkSj Hkkjr ds ryk'k dj jgk gS vkSj Hkkjr dks bldk ykHk
teZuh lfØ; Hkwfedk fuHkk ldrk gSA O;kikj mnkjhdj.k ds mik;ksa ds ckjs esa mBkuk pkfg,A
¥ gky gh esa Úkal ds lkFk Hkkjr ds tqM+ko teZuh vkSj ;wjksih; la?k dks lansg gSA
dks c<+krs gq, teZuh ds lkFk laca/ksa dks ¥ 'kgjh vkSj vkS|ksfxd i;kZoj.k laj{k.k ds ¥ vkfFkZd eqís vkSj fons'kh vkfFkZd eqís gekjh
u, fljs ls ns•k tk jgk gSA nksuksa vksj ls ekeys esa Hkkjr ds lkeus cM+h pqukSfr;ka gSaA fons'k uhfr esa vf/d ls vf/d egRoiw.kZ
fu;fer :i ls mPp&Lrjh; nkSjs gq, gSaA ns'k esa LokLF; vkSj thou dh xq.koÙkk dh gksrs tk jgs gSa] blfy, teZuh ds lkFk ,sls
gky gh esa uoacj 2019 esa teZu pkalyj lqj{kk ds fy, ok;q çnw"k.k] ty laj{k.k] le>kSrs Hkkjr ds fy, cgqr egRoiw.kZ gksaxsA
,atsy edZsy us Hkkjr dk nkSjk fd;kA nh?kZdkfyd&fVdkÅ feêðh laj{k.k] 'kksj esa
nksuksa ns'kksa ds chp lekurk,a% deh vkSj tSo fofo/rk laj{k.k ds f•ykiQ lkekU; vè;;u iz'u i=k&2
yM+kbZ egRoiw.kZ gSA ¥ f}i{kh;] {ks=kh; vkSj oSf'od lewg
¥ nksuksa lkekU; ewY;ksa vkSj laoS/kfud fl¼karksa
¥ teZu daifu;ka Hkkjr ds fy, iwjh rjg ls vkSj Hkkjr ls lacaf/r vkSj@ vFkok
dks lk>k djrs gSa] vkSj budk laca/ ges'kk çfrc¼ gSaA ysfdu] Hkkjrh; i{k ds fy,
egku ikjLifjd lEeku vkSj le> ij Hkkjr ds fgrksa dks izHkkfor djus okys
;g t:jh gS fd os teZuh }kjk mBkbZ xbZ
vk/kfjr jgk gSA fparkvksa dks nwj djsa vkSj mu ij è;ku nsaA le>kSrsA
¥ vkt] Hkkjr lcls cM+h vkSj lcls rsth ls
vkxs dk jkg
c<+rh vFkZO;oLFkkvksa esa ls ,d gS] vkSj
teZuh ;wjksi esa lcls cM+h vFkZO;oLFkk gSA ¥ gesa nksuksa ns'kksa ds chp f}i{kh; laca/ksa vkSj g

iz- gky gh esa jsyos esa lq/kj ds fy, Hkkjr vkSj teZuh ds chp ,d le>kSrk Kkiu ij gLrk{kj gqvk gSA ;g le>kSrk Hkkjrh;
jsyos rFkk Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk ds fodkl esa fdl izdkj lgk;d gksxk\

6- dksjksuk ok;jl dk oSf'od vFkZO;oLFkk ij çHkko

ppkZ dk dkj.k os vkSj ijs'kku djus okyh gSA vkbZ,e,iQ gSA vk;kr esa] phu ij Hkkjr dh fuHkZjrk
¥ nqfu;k Hkj ds dbZ ns'kksa esa dksjksuk ok;jl us dgk gS fd oSf'od vFkZO;oLFkk rsth ls cgqr cM+h gSA 'kh"kZ 20 mRiknksa esa ls tks
(COVID-19) ds çdksi ds dkj.k ykWdMkmu /heh gks jgh gS vkSj ;g lky 2009 dh Hkkjr nqfu;k ls vk;kr djrk gS] phu muesa
?kksf"kr fd;k x;k gSA Hkkjr esa Hkh ç/kuea=kh eanh ls Hkh cnrj gks ldrh gSA ls vf/dka'k esa ,d egRoiw.kZ fgLlsnkjh
ujsaæ eksnh us 24 ekpZ 2020 dks dksjksuk Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk ij dksjksuk ok;jl j•rk gSA
ok;jl ds laØe.k dks iQSyus ls jksdus ds dk çHkko ¥ Hkkjr dk dqy bysDVªkWfud vk;kr (yxHkx
fy, 21 fnuksa dh canh dh ?kks"k.kk dh gSA 45») phu ij fuHkZj gSA yxHkx ,d&frgkbZ
¥ dksjksuk ok;jl dh ekj Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk
dksjksuk egkekjh ds dkj.k fo'o ds dbZ e'khujh vkSj yxHkx nks frgkbZ dkcZfud
¥
ij iM+uk LoHkkfod gSA
ns'kksa dh vFkZO;oLFkk ds gkykr cM+h rsth ls jlk;u phu ls vkrs gSaA eksVj okgu ds
¥ uohure la;qÙkQ jk"Vª O;kikj fjiksVZ ds dyiwtks± vkSj moZjdksa ds fy, Hkkjr ds
•jkc gks jgs gSa vkSj ,sls esa varjkZ"Vªh; eqæk
vuqlkj] Hkkjr dh vFkZO;oLFkk dksjksuks vk;kr esa phu dh fgLlsnkjh 25» ls
dks"k (vkbZ,e,iQ) us tks vk'kadk trkbZ gS
ok;jl egkekjh ds dkj.k eanh esa tk ldrh

10 vizSy 2020 A vad&1

 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7
vf/d gSA blds vfrfjDr yxHkx 65 ls
70» lfØ; iQkekZL;qfVdy lkexzh vkSj
yxHkx 90» eksckby iQksu phu ls Hkkjr
esa vkrs gSaA
blfy,] ge dg ldrs gSa fd phu esa
¥
dksjksuk ok;jl ds çdksi ds dkj.k] phu ij
vk;kr fuHkZjrk ds dkj.k Hkkjrh; m|ksx ij
udkjkRed çHkko iM+ ldrk gSA fu;kZr ds
ekeys esa] phu Hkkjr dk rhljk lcls cM+k
fu;kZr lk>snkj gS vkSj yxHkx 5» fgLlsnkjh
j•rk gSA bldk vlj fuEufyf•r {ks=kksa
esa gks ldrk gS tSls fd tSfod jlk;u]
IykfLVd] eNyh mRikn] dikl] v;Ldksa]
bR;kfnA
njvly Hkkjr ljdkj us dksjksuk ds pyrs
¥
vkxkeh 15 vçSy rd ds fy, lHkh ns'kksa
ds ohtk jí dj fn, gSaA bl {ks=k ls nks
yk• djksM+ #i;s ls vf/d dh dekbZ
çfr o"kZ gksrh gSA blesa uqdlku lkiQ&lkiQ
fn• jgk gSA
¥ baVjus'kuy ,;j VªkaliksVZ ,lksfl,'ku dk
vuqeku gS fd foekuu m|ksx dks ;kf=k;ksa ls
gksus okys dkjksckj esa de ls de 63 vjc
MkWyj dk uqdlku gks ldrk gSA
¥ vkWVkseksckby m|ksx ij Hkh bldk •rjk
ckdk;nk ns•k tk ldrk gSA Hkkjr esa bl
{ks=k esa yxHkx ikSus pkj djksM+ yksx dke
djrs gSaA dksjksuk ok;jl us Hkkjr ds vkWVks
m|ksx ds fy, dy&iqtkZs dh fdYyr iSnk
dj nh gSA ,sls esa ;gka csjkstxkjh dk •rjk
rqyukRed :i ls c<+ x;k gSA
¥ ewMht us dgk fd] ^;s fxjkoV dkWjiksjsV]
NksVs ,oa e>ksys m|ksx vkSj •qnjk {ks=k
esa vf/d gksxh] vkSj bldk vlj cSadksa
ds equkiQs vkSj iwath ij iM+sxkA dksjksuk
ok;jl egkekjh ls vkfFkZd xfrfof/;ksa ds
ckf/r gksus ls Hkkjr dh vkfFkZd o`f¼ esa
deh gksxhA* vkfFkZd xfrfof/;ksa esa rst
fxjkoV vkSj csjkstxkjh c<+us ls vke vkneh
vkSj dkWjiksjsV dh ekyh gkyr •jkc gksxh]
ftlds pyrs cSadksa ij ncko c<+sxkA blesa
dgk x;k gS fd xSj cSafdax foÙkh; daifu;ksa
esa fnokfy;kiu ds c<+rs nckoksa ls cSadksa dh
ifjlaifÙk;ksa dh xq.koÙkk Hkh çHkkfor gksxh]
D;ksafd cSadksa us bUgsa dkiQh iSlk ns j•k gSA
vizSy 2020 A vad&1
ewMht us dgk gS fd blls equkiQs vkSj ½.k
o`f¼ esa deh vkus dk vuqeku gSA
¥ la;qÙkQ jk"Vª dh dkaÚsal vkWu VªsM ,aM
MsoyiesaV us dgk gS fd dksjksuk ok;jl ls
çHkkfor nqfu;k dh 15 cM+h vFkZO;oLFkkvksa
esa ls ,d Hkkjr Hkh gSA phu esa mRiknu esa
vkb deh dk vlj Hkkjr ij lkiQ&lkiQ
ns•k tk ldrk gSA vanktk gS fd Hkkjr dh
vFkZO;oLFkk dks yxHkx 35 djksM+ MkWyj
rd dk uqdlku mBkuk iM+ ldrk gSA
¥ dksjksuk ok;jl ds pyrs Hkkjrh; 'ks;j
cktkj us Hkh fxjkoV ds lHkh fjdkWMZ rksM+
fn,A uk fliQZ Hkkjr] cfYd nqfu;kHkj ds
'ks;j cktkjksa dk gky cqjk gSA gkyr bruh
cnrj gks xbZ fd gky gh esa lsalsDl vkSj
fuÝVh 10 iQhlnh ls vf/d yq<+d x,
vkSj bl otg ls VªsfMax jksduh iM+hA ekywe
gks fd tc cktkj esa 10 iQhlnh ;k mlls
vf/d dh fxjkoV vkrh gS] rks mlesa yksvj
lfdZV yx tkrk gS vkSj VªsfMax dqN nsj ds
fy, jksd nh tkrh gSA cktkj esa lfdZV ds
bfrgkl ij utj Mkys rks cktkj esa 12 lky
esa igyh ckj yksvj lfdZV yxk gSA 'ks;j
cktkj dh fLFkfr igys gh [kjkc Fkh vc
;g vkSj çHkkfor gks ldrk gSA
fliQZ Hkkjr gh ugha] vesfjdh 'ks;j cktkj
¥
Mkm tksal esa Hkh VªsfMax 15 feuV ds fy,
jksd nsuh iM+hA vesfjdk ds Mkm tksal us
fxjus dk bfrgkl jp fn;kA 24 ?kaVs esa Hkkjr
lesr nqfu;k ds 7 ns'kksa ds cktkjksa esa yksvj
lfdZV yxkA buesa vesfjdk] dukMk] Úkal]
teuhZ] bVyh vkSj :l 'kkfey gSaA
¥ ewY; ifjn`'; ij] ekax vkSj mRiknu
xfrfof/;ksa esa eanh] dPps rsy dh oSf'od
dher esa rst fxjkoV vkSj vU; çeq•
oLrqvksa tSls ÅtkZ] vk/kj /krqvksa vkSj
moZjdksa esa dher ?kV tk,xhA vkus okys
le; esa eqækLiQhfr ij ncko c<+us dh
mEehn gSA
dksjksuk ok;jl dk oSf'od vFkZO;oLFkk
ij çHkko
¥ oS'ohdj.k ds nkSj esa fo'o dh lHkh
vFkZO;oLFkk,a ,d nwljs ls tqM+h gqbZ gSaA
vr% ;fn dksbZ Hkh cM+h vFkZO;oLFkk izHkkfor
gksrh gS rks mldk vlj iwjs fo'o ij iM+rk
gSA dksjksuk ok;jl ds dkj.k dqN ,slh
gh fLFkfr ns[kh tk jgh gS] D;ksafd blds
dkj.k vesfjdk vkSj phu dh vFkZO;oLFkk
cqjh rjg izHkkfor gqbZ gSA ifj.kkeLo:i
bldk vlj fo'o ds vU; ns'kksa ij iM+uk
ykteh gSA
¥ ,d fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj fodkl'khy ns'kksa esa
jgus okys nqfu;k ds nks&frgkbZ yksxksa dks
vHkwriwoZ vkfFkZd {kfr dk lkeuk djuk iM+
ldrk gSA O;kikj vkSj fodkl ij la;qÙkQ
jk"Vª lEesyu us vius u, fo'ys"k.k esa bu
jk"Vªksa ds fy, $ 2-5 fVªfy;u dk cpko
iSdst tkjh djus dks dgk gSA
¥ vadVkM (UNCTAD) fo'ys"k.k ds vuqlkj]
deksfMVh ls Hkjiwj fu;kZrd ns'kksa dks vxys
nks o"kks± esa fons'kksa ls fuos'k esa $ 2&3
fVªfy;u dh fxjkoV dk lkeuk djuk iM+
ldrk gSA
¥ UNCTAD ds vuqlkj] fo'o vFkZO;oLFkk
bl o"kZ eanh ds nkSj esa tk,xh] ftlls
vjcksa&•jcksa MkWyj dh oSf'od vk; dk
uqdlku gksxkA ;g fodkl'khy ns'kksa ds fy,
xaHkhj eqlhcr cu tk,xhA
¥ vesfjdh cktkj esa o"kZ 2008 ds oSf'od
foÙkh; ladV ds ckn lcls •jkc vuqHko
dksjksuk ok;jl ds dkj.k eglwl fd;k tk
jgk gSA è;krO; gS fd vesfjdh cktkj esa
12» ls vf/d dh fxjkoV vkbZ gSA
¥ ,f'k;u MsoyiesaV cSad us ekpZ ds igys
gÝrs esa tkjh çsl fjyht esa ;g dgk fd
dksjksuk dk fodkl'khy ,f'k;kbZ vFkZO;oLFkk
ij O;kid vlj gksxkA blus vuqeku yxk;k
fd dksjksuk ls nqfu;k dh vFkZO;oLFkk dks
77 fcy;u MkWyj ls 347 fcy;u rd
;kfu oSf'od thMhih dk 0-1 çfr'kr ls
0-4 çfr'kr rd dk uqdlku gks ldrk gSA
¥ fjiksVZ esa ;g dgk x;k gS fd& ¶lks'ky
fMLVsaf'kax ds ckn leqæh i;ZVu] ,;j
ykbal] gksVYl] dfluks] •syksa ds dk;ZØe]
ewoht] fFk,VlZ] jsLVqjsaV vkSj vU; m|ksxksa ij
O;kid vlj gksxkA¸ mUgksaus vans'kk trk;k
fd bldk vesfjdk lesr nqfu;kHkj dh
vFkZO;oLFkk ij lh/k vlj gksxk vkSj vkus
okys eghus esa dbZ yksxksa dks ukSdfj;ksa ls
gkFk /ksuk iM+sxkA
11

¥ vkbZ,e,iQ ds vuqlkj] ekStwnk can (Lock
down) ds dkj.k fo'o vFkZO;oLFkk 1-5
çfr'kr rd fxj xbZ gSA fuos'kdksa us mHkjrs
cktkjksa ls vius fuos'k dks gVk fn;k gSA
lkFk gh] lky 2020 ds fy, oSf'od
fodkl dk n`f"Vdks.k udkjkRed gSA
¥ vuqeku gS fd oSf'od thMhih esa o"kZ dh
igyh frekgh esa 0-8 iQhln vkSj nwljh esa
0-5 iQhln dh deh vk,xhA
¥ oSf'od vFkZO;oLFkk ij dksjksuk ok;jl
dk çHkko 2-7 fVfy;u MkWyj dk ekuk
tk jgk gS] tks Hkkjr dh dqy vFkZO;oLFkk
ds cjkcj gSA nokb;ksa dh •ir vkSj
okguksa dh fcØh esa dVkSrh rFkk i;ZVu
ls ysdj gksVy m|ksx vkfn lHkh bldh
pisV esa jgsaxsA
¥ la;qÙkQ jk"Vª varjjk"Vªh; Je laxBu ds
vuqlkj] bl egkekjh ds dkj.k 50 yk•
ls ysdj <kbZ djksM+ ukSdfj;ka •Re gks
tk,axh vkSj vesfjdk dks Jfed vk; ds
:i esa 960 vjc ls ysdj 3-4 •jc
MkWyj dk uqdlku gksxkA
¥ O;kikj vkSj fodkl la;qÙkQ jk"Vª lEesyu
(vadVkM) us dgk gS fd dksjksuk ok;jl
egkekjh ls oSf'od fons'kh çR;{k fuos'k
ij 30 ls 40 iQhlnh dk udkjkRed
ncko iM+sxk vkSj fo'o i;ZVu laxBu
ds vuqlkj varjjk"Vªh; vkxeu esa 20
ls 30 iQhlnh dh fxjkoV vk tk,xhA
vkbZ,p,l ekdZsV us fiNys lIrkg dgk
Fkk fd mls oSf'od vkfFkZd o`f¼ nj ds
lky 2020 esa de gksdj 1-7 iQhlnh ij
vk tkus dk vuqeku gSA
dsaæ ljdkj us dksjksuk ok;jl ds
laØe.k rFkk bldh jksdFkke ds fy;s
vkfFkZd jkgr iSdst dh ?kks"k.kk dh
ftlds eq[; fcanq bl çdkj gSa%&
¥ dksjksuk ok;jl ds laØe.k esa yksxksa
ds bykt esa yxs MkWDVjksa] ikjkesfMdy
iz- nqfu;k Hkj ds dbZ ns'kksa esa dksjksuk ok;jl (COVID-19) ds çdksi ds dkj.k ykWdMkmu ?kksf"kr fd;k x;k gSA ;g ykWdMkmu
oSf'od vFkZO;oLFkk dks fdl izdkj izHkkfor djsxk\ blds izHkko ls fuiVus ds fy, fd;s tk jgs oSf'od mik;ksa dk mYys[k djrs
gq, dqN vU; mik; Hkh lq>kb, ftlls blds nq"ifj.kke ls fuiVk tk ldsA
12
dfeZ;ksa] fpfdRlk lsok dfeZ;ksa dks 50
yk• #i;s çfr ifjokj dk chek doj
fn;k tk;sxkA
¥ 80 djksM+ ifjokjksa dks vfrfjÙkQ 5 fdyks vkxs dh jkg
xsgwa ;k pkoy ds lkFk ,d fdyks nky
rhu eghus rd eqÝr miyC/ djkbZ ¥ dksjksuk ok;jl ls gksus okyk vkfFkZd
tk;sxhA
¥ t:jreanksa dh enn ds fy;s ç/kuea=kh
xjhc dY;k.k ;kstuk ds rgr 1-70 yk•
djksM+ #i;s dh ?kks"k.kk dh xbZ gSA
¥ ç/kuea=kh fdlku ;kstuk ds rgr 8-69
djksM+ fdlkuksa dks vçSy ds igys lIrkg
esa nks&nks gtkj #i;s dh vfxze fdLr dk
Hkqxrku fd;k tk;sxkA
¥ eujsxk ds rgr nSfud etnwjh 182 #i;s
ls c<+kdj 202 #i;s dh xbZ gSA blls ¥ tgk¡ rd Hkkjr dk loky gS rks Hkkjrh;
ikap djksM+ ifjokjksa dks ykHk gksxkA
¥ rhu djksM+ xjhc o`¼ksa] xjhc fo/okvksa
rFkk xjhc fnO;kaxksa dks ,d&,d gtkj
#i;s dh vuqxzg jkf'k nsus dh ?kks"k.kk
dh xbZ gSA
20 djksM+ tu/u •krk/kjd efgykvksa
¥
dks vxys rhu eghus rd çfr ekg 500
#i;s feysaxsA
¥ mTToyk ;kstuk ds ykHkkfFkZ;ksa dks vxys
rhu eghus rd jlksbZ xSl flfyaMj eqÝr
feysxkA blls 8-3 djksM+ xjhc ifjokjksa
dks ykHk gksxkA
¥ 63 yk• efgyk Lo;alsoh lewgksa ds fy,
jsgu& eqÙkQ dtZ nksxquk dj 20 yk•
#i;s fd;k x;kA
¥ dbZ daifu;ksa ds fy;s vxys rhu eghus
rd fu;ksÙkQk vkSj deZpkjh nksuksa dk
Hkfo"; fuf/ ;ksxnku ljdkj tek djsxhA
¥ deZpkfj;ksa dks Hkfo"; fuf/ •krs ls 75
çfr'kr tek jkf'k vFkok rhu eghus ds
osru esa tks Hkh de gks mls fudkyus dh
vuqefr gksxhA
lelkef;dh : Perfect 7
¥ dqy 1-7 yk• djksM+ #i;s ds jkgr
iSdst dk fØ;kUo;u rRdky çHkko ls
gksxkA
uqdlku dk lVhd vanktk yxkuk vHkh
tYnckth gksxk D;ksafd bl ok;jl dk
izlkj vHkh Hkh c<+rk tk jgk gSA fiQj Hkh
vHkh rd tks vk¡dM+s izkIr gq, gSa mlls
;g vuqeku yxk;k tk ldrk gS fd
oSf'od vFkZO;oLFkk eanh dh rjiQ c<+
jgh gSA ;gha fo'o dh dbZ vFkZO;oLFkk,a
dbZ o"kZ fiNs pyh xbZ gSaA buesa vesfjdk]
phu] teZuh bVyh] Lisu vkfn izeq[k gSaA
vFkZO;oLFkk dh blls dkiQh izHkkfor gqbZ
gSA ysfdu vHkh Hkh larks"k dh ckr ;g
gS fd ftl rjg ljdkj vkSj ukxfjd
lekt ds }kjk tkx:drk rFkk ,sfrgkr
cjrs tk jgs gSa mlls Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk
dh {kfr oSf'od vFkZO;oLFkk ls de
gksus dh mEehn gSA gkykafd gesa gkFk
is gkFk j[kdj cSBus dh vko';drk
ugha gS cfYd Hkkjr ljdkj dks yxkrkj
fodkl dh xfr dk voyksdu djus dh
vko';drk gS] lkFk gh phu ij fuHkZj
Hkkjrh; m|ksxksa dks vko';d leFkZu ,oa
lgk;rk iznku djuh pkfg,A ftlls fd
Hkkjr dh vFkZO;oLFkk dks bl ladV dh
?kM+h ls ckgj fudkyk tk ldsA
lkekU; vè;;u iz'u i=k&3
¥ Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk rFkk ;kstuk]
lalk/uksa dks tqVkus] izxfr] fodkl rFkk
jkstxkj ls lacf/r eqísA
g
vizSy 2020 A vad&1
 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7
7- ih-,e- ds;lZ iQaM % dksjksuk egkekjh ls yM+us dh ,d igy
ppkZ dk dkj.k
¥ dksjksuk ok;jl dh egkekjh ls yM+us ds
fy, iz/kuea=kh us 28 ekpZ 2020 dks ,d
vyx ls iQaM cukus dk fu.kZ; fy;k ftldk
uke Prime minister Citizen Assistance
and Relief in Emergency Situations (PM
CARES) FUND gSA orZeku esa iz/kuea=kh
jk"Vªh; jkgr dks"k (PMNRF) ds gksrs gq, PM
Cares Fund dk xBu dh t:jr D;ksa iM+h]
;g ,d ppkZ dk fo"k; gSA
iz/kuea=kh ukxfjd lgk;rk vkSj jkgr
dks"k (ih,e ds;lZ iQaM)
¥ dksfoM&19 egkekjh ls mRiUu fparktud
gkykr ls fuiVus ds fy, cus iz/
kuea=kh ukxfjd lgk;rk vkSj jkgr dks"k
(ih,eds;lZ iQaM) ds vè;{k iz/kuea=kh gSa
vkSj blds lnL;ksa esa j{kk ea=kh] x`g ea=kh
,oa foÙk ea=kh 'kkfey gSaA
¥ iz/kuea=kh ds vuqlkj iz/kuea=kh dk;kZy;
dks COVID-19 ds f[kykiQ ;q¼ esa enn
djus ds fy, cgqr ls vuqjks/ feys Fks
rn~uqlkj] iQaM dh LFkkiuk dh xbZ Fkh vkSj
bldk mi;ksx dksjksuk egkekjh izca/u vkSj
vuqla/ku ds fy, fd;k tk,xkA
¥ ns'k esa dksjksuk ladV ds bl nkSj esa foÙk
ea=kky; us VSDlis;lZ vkSj dkjksckfj;ksa dks
yxkrkj NwV nh gSA blesa bude VSDl] GST,
dLVe M~;wVh] ,Dlkbt ds vfrfjDr VSDl
fjVuZ Hkjus dh Hkh NwV nh x;h gSA
¥ Hkkjr ljdkj ds vf/dkfjd c;ku esa dgk
x;k gS fd ih,e ds;lZ iQaM esa nku ij
bude VSDl ,DV dh /kjk 80G ds rgr
100 fiQlnh VSDl NwV feysxhA
¥ ljdkj us bl iQaM dks vè;kns'k ds ekè;e
ls dkuwuh :i Hkh fn;k gSA lkFk gh ldy
vk; ij nku dh x;h jde ds cjkcj 100
fiQlnh dVkSrh dh NwV Hkh ykxw gksxhA
vè;kns'k esa foÙk o"kZ 2018&19 dh bude
VSDl fjVuZ Hkjus dh le;lhek dks 31 ekpZ
ls c<+kdj 30 twu 2020 dj fn;k x;k
gSA ekpZ] vizSy vkSj ebZ esa nh tkus okyh
,Dlkbt M~;wVh ds fjVuZ dks Hkh 30 twu
2020 rd Hkjk tk ldrk gSA
vizSy 2020 A vad&1
bude VSDl dh /kjk 80th
¥ ih,e ds;j iQaM vLFkk;h rkSj ij cuk, tkrs
¥ bude VSDl dkuwu dh /kjk 80 th ds varxZr
gSa rFkk budk mís'; [kRe gksus ds ckn bUgsa
fdlh /ekZFkZ laLFkk] 'kS{kf.kd laLFkku ;k ljdkj can fd;k tk ldrk gSA
}kjk vf/lwfpr VªLV dks nku esa jde nsus ij
VSDl esa NwV izkIr fd;k tk ldrk gSA bldk
iz/kuea=kh jk"Vªh; jkgr dks"k (Prime
iQk;nk O;fDrxr vk;djnkrk] daiuh] ,p;w,iQ Minister National Relief fund)
vkSj NRIs Hkh mBk ldrs gSaA dVkSrh dk Dyse
¥ iz/kuea=kh jk"Vªh; jkgr dks"k dk fuekZ.k
dqN ekeyks esa 100 fiQlnh rd rks dqN esa 50
fiQlnh rd ;k fdlh esa fcuk fyfeV okyk gks vpkud gq, izkÑfrd vkink ;k ekuotfur
ldrk gSA vkink ls cpko ds fy, fd;k x;k FkkA
¥ lsD'ku 80 th ds varxZr VSDl fMMD'ku (VSDl Hkkjr&ikfdLrku ds cVokjs ds le;
ls NwV) ikus ds fy, dsoy VSDlscy ;k ,axtsIV (1947) gq, fgalk rFkk ikfdLrku ls
(tSls VSDl Úh ckWUM ls vk;) dks gh nku esa
bLrseky fd;k tk ldrk gSA foLFkkfir gksdj Hkkjr esa yksxksa ds lgk;rk
ds fy, bl dks"k dk fuekZ.k rRdkyhu
¥ VªLV ;k laLFkku dks vk;dj dkuwu] 1961 ds
lsD'ku 12(A) esa jftLVj gksuk t:jh gSA vk;dj iz/kuea=kh tokgj yky usg: us fd;k FkkA
foHkkx us ftu laLFkkuksa@,afVVht dh fyLV uksfViQkbZ ¥ iz/kuea=kh jk"Vªh; jkgr dks"k (PMNRF) dk
dj j[kh gS muds dqN mnkgj.k iz/kuea=kh us'kuy
fjyhiQ iQaM] dsUnz ljdkj dk us'kuy fMiQsal iQaM vè;{k iz/kuea=kh gksrk gS rFkk iz/kuea=kh
lsV vi] ftyk lk{kjrk lfefr] us'kuy dYpjy dk;kZy; (PMO) blds lgk;d lnL; ds
iQaM] iz/kuea=kh lqj{kk fjyhiQ iQaM vkfn gSA :i esa dk;Z djrs gaSA
¥ dkWiksZjsV ekeyks ds ea=kky; us ?kks"k.kk fd;k ¥ ;g dks"k iw.kZr% turk }kjk lgk;rkFkZ jkf'k
gS fd iz/kuea=kh ds;lZ iQ.M esa nku fd;k ls fodflr gS] blds fy, ctV ;k fo'ks"k
x;k /u dkWiksZjsV lkekftd nkf;Ro (CSR) iSdst dk dksbZ izko/ku ugha gSA
dks iwjk dj ldrh gS vkSj dEifu;ksa ds
iz/kuea=kh ds;lZ iQ.M (PM-CARES Fund)
;ksxnku dks dkWiksZjsV lkekftd ftEesnkjh ds
cuke iz/kuea=kh jk"Vªh; jkgr dks"k
fgLls ds :i esa fxuk tk,xkA ih,e ds;lZ
(PMNRF)
iQaM esa Mksus'ku dk ekè;e MsfcV dkMZ
vkSj ØsfMV dkMZ] b.VjusV cSfdax] ;wihvkbZ] ¥ iz/kuea=kh ds;lZ iQ.M vkSj iz/kuea=kh
vkjVhth,l@,ubZ,iQVh vkfn gSA jk"Vªh; jkgr dks"k] nksuksa gh vkink ds le;
Hkkjr esa dkWiksZjsV lkekftd nkf;Ro lgk;rkFkZ gsrq cuk;k x;k dks"k gS rFkk
¥ blesa ftu dEifu;ksa dh lykuk usVoFkZ 500
nksuksa gh iw.kZr% turk ds }kjk nku dh x;h
djksM+ # ;k lykuk vk; 1000 djksM+ # ;k jkf'k ls la;ksftr gSA nksuksa lgk;rkFkZ dks"k
lykuk ykHk 5 djksM+ # gks rks muds dkWiksZjsV bf.M;u VªLV ,DV&1882 ds fu;eksa }kjk
lkekftd nkf;Ro (CSR) ij [kpZ djuk t:jh lapkfyr gksrk gS] rks fiQj u;s iQaM ds
gksrk gSA ;g [kpZ rhu lky ds vkSlr ykHk dk
de ls de nks izfr'kr gksuk pkfg,A fuekZ.k dh D;k vko';drk gSA blds mÙkj
esa ;g è;ku nsus ;ksX; ckr gS fd iz/kuea=kh
ih,e ds;j iQaM dk mís'; jk"Vªh; jkgr dks"k ds varxZr Hkkjr esa dgha
¥ ih,e ds;lZ iQ.M djksuk egkekjh esa jkgr Hkh rFkk fdlh Hkh izdkj dh vkink dks
dks"k ds :i esa Hkj.k&iks"k.k djsxkA doj fd;k tk ldrk gS] ijarq ih,e ds;lZ
¥ ih,e ds;lZ iQ.M bl vkink esa vUOks"k.k iQ.M fliQZ dksjksuk ok;jl ;k fiQj blh
rFkk {kerk fuekZ.k dks izksRlkfgr djsxkA izdkj dh egkekjh vkink ds fy;s cuk;k
¥ ;g iQ.M lw{e nku Micro-donations x;k lgk;rkFkZ dks"k gSA
(U;wure 10 # rd dh Hkh) ds }kjk ¥ iz/kuea=kh ds;lZ iQ.M esa lw{e Mksus'ku dk
O;kid :i esa lgk;d gksxkA izko/ku gS vkSj iz/kuea=kh jk"Vªh; jkgrdks"k
¥ ;g foÙkh; ncko dks ljdkj ij de djus esa lq{e Mksus'ku dk izko/ku ugha gS] blesa
esa lgk;rk djsxkA U;wure 100# nku djus dk izko/ku gSA
13
 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

¥ nwljk iz'u ;g Hkh mBrk gS fd bl izdkj ¥ iz/kuea=kh ds;lZ iQ.M dks dkWiksZjsV ¥ fdlh Hkh cM+h vkink ds izHkko dks de
ds [kpZ ds fy, Hkkjr ds lafpr fuf/ lkekftd nkf;Ro ds lkFk lh/s rkSj ij djus ds fy, lkoZtfud Hkkxhnkjh lcls
ls [kpZ djuk pkfg,] rks blds izR;qÙkj tksM+k x;k gS tcfd iz/kuea=kh jk"Vªh; izeq[k rjhdk gSA ,sls esa PM ds;lZ jkgr
esa ljdkj dk ;g dguk gS fd Hkkjr jkgr dks"k dks dkiksZjsV lkekftd nkf;Ro dks"k ,d csgrj vkSj vuqBk mnkgj.k gSA
dh lafpr fuf/ ls fd, x, fdlh Hkh ds lkFk ugha tksM+k x;kA
¥ bl dks"k esa NksVh&NksVh /ujkf'k;k¡ nku
[kpZ dks laln }kjk ikfjr djkus dh vkxs dh jkg ds :i esa nh tk ldsaxhA blls cM+h
vko';drk gksrh gSA vr% bl izdkj ds la[;k esa yksxksa dh Hkkxhnkjh lqfuf'pr
¥ ladV dh fLFkfr] pkgs izkÑfrd gks ;k
fo/k;h ck/k dks nwj djus ds fy, Hkh bl dh tk ldsxhA
ekuoh; blesa izHkkfor yksxksa dh ihM+k dks
iQaM dk fuekZ.k fd;k x;k gSA
de djus ds fy, vkSj cqfu;knh <+kapkxr
lafpr fuf/ dks"k lqfo/kvksa dks gq, uqdlku dh HkjikbZ
ljdkj dks izkIr lHkh jktLo] cktkj ls fy, x, djus ds fy, Rofjr o lkeqfgd dne lkekU; vè;;u iz'u i=k&3
Í.k vkSj LohÑr Í.kksa ij izkIr C;kt lafpr fuf/ mBkuk t:jh gks tkrk gSA vr% volajpuk ¥ vkink vkSj vkink izca/uA
(Consolidate Fund) esa tek gksrs gSaA vkSj laLFkkxr {kerk ds iqufuZekZ.k@foLrkj
Hkkjrh; lafo/ku ds vuqPNsn 266 ds rgr LFkkfir ds lkFk&lkFk Rofjr vkikrdkyhu dne g

;g ,slh fuf/ gS ftl esa leLr ,d=k dj@jktLo
tek] fy;s x;s Í.k tek fd;s tkrs gSA ;g Hkkjr dh
lokZf/d cM+h fuf/ gS tks fd laln ds v/hu j[kh
x;h gSA dksbZ Hkh /u blesa fcuk laln dh iwoZ LohÑfr
ds fudkyk@tek ;k Hkkfjr ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA
mBkuk vkSj leqnk; dh izHkkodkjh lqn`<+rk
ds fy, {kerk fuekZ.k vko';d gks tkrk
gSA ubZ izkS|ksfxdh vkSj vfxze vuqla/ku
fu"d"kks± dk mi;ksx Hkh bl rjg ds Bksl
dne dk vfoHkkT; vax cu tkrk gSA

iz- dksjksuk ok;jl dh egkekjh ls fuiVus ds fy, gky gh esa iz/kuea=kh ds;lZ iQaM dk fuekZ.k fd;k x;k gSA ;g iQaM bl egkekjh
ls fuiVus esa fdruk dkjxj gksxk\ ppkZ djsaA

14 vizSy 2020 A vad&1

 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7
lkr egRoiw.kZ czsu cwLVlZ
1- fufèk iz;kl dk;ZØe
ppkZ dk dkj.k
¥ gky gh esa fufèk iz;kl dk;ZØe ds rgr iq.ks (egkjk"Vª) dh
buD;wcsVj daiuh us ,d rduhdh fodflr dh gS] tks dksjksuk
ok;jl dksfoM&19 ds f[kykiQ Hkkjr dh yM+kbZ ds fy, dkjxj
lkfcr gks ldrh gSA
¥ foKku vkSj izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx }kjk 'kq: fd, x, bl mRikn dk
uke 'Scitech Airon' gS rFkk blds }kjk fuxsVho vk;kuksa dks mRiUu
fd;k tkrk gSA
izHkko
¥ vkW;u tsusjsVj 'kjhj dh jksx izfrjksèkd {kerk dks c<+krh gSA ;g
izfrjksèk {kerk vkW;u okrkoj.k ls ckgj vxys 20&30 fnuksa ds
fy, lgk;d gks ldrh gSA
¥ ;g dkcZu eksuksDlkbM] ukbVªkstu MkbvkWDlkbM vkSj ok"i'khy
dkcZfud ;kSfxd tSls xSl iznw"kdksa dks Hkh fo?kfVr dj ldrh gSA
¥ lkoZtfud ifjogu] jsyos LVs'ku] gokbZ vM~Mk] can okrkj.k okys
LFkku tSls ?kj] gokbZ tgkt dk dsfou] vLirky dk okMZ vkfn
LFkkuksa ij ok;q esa rSjrs ok;jlksa ds f[kykiQ Hkh ;g mi;ksxh gks
ldrh gSA
vizSy 2020 A vad&1
fuf/ iz;kl dk;ZØe D;k gS\
¥ foKku vkSj izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx }kjk fuf/ (National Inititative
Developing and Harnessing Innovation) dk;ZØe dh 'kq:vkr
dh x;h gSA bl dk;ZØe ds }kjk uoizoZrd ,oa m|fe;ksa dks
foKku ds {ks=k esa uokpkj djus gsrq vuqnku lgk;rk iznku dh
tkrh gSA
¥ fuf/ dk;ZØe ds varxZr gh iz;kl (Promoting and Accelerating
young and Aspiring innovators Startups) dk;ZØe dh 'kq:vkr
dh x;h gS ftlds varxZr LFkkfir rduhdh O;kikj bUD;wcsVj
(TBI) dks vuqnku fn;k tkrk gSA
¥ Scitech Airon }kjk mRiUu fd, x, fuxsfVo vkW;u ?kjksa]
vLirkyksa] Ldwyksa] m|ksxksa tSls can okrkoj.k esa jksx iSnk djus
okys ok;jl vkSj cSDVhfj;k dks ekjus esa dkiQh dkjxj gSA
¥ vkW;u tsujsVj e'khu dks ,d ?kaVs pykus ij dejs ds 99-7
izfr'kr ok;jl [kRe gks tkrs gSaA
¥ lkbaVsd ,vjvkWu (Scitech Airon) vkW;ksukbtj e'khu izfr 8
lsds.M esa yxHkx 100 fefy;u fuxsfVo vkW;u iSnk dj ldrh
gSA
¥ vkW;u tsujsVj ds }kjk mRikfnr 'kks/d xq.k ;qDr fuxsVho vk;u
ok;jl] cSDVhfj;k vkSj ,ythZ iSnk djus okys rRoksa ds ckgjh
izksVhu dks fo?kfVr dj nsrs gSa] ftlls gok ds }kjk iSQyus okys
jksxksa dks fu;af=kr djus esa enn feyrh gSA
vU; rF;
¥ foKku vkSj izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx us bl mRikn ds fuekZ.k
vkSj cM+s iSekus ij blds mRiknu ds fy, ,d djksM+
#i;s tkjh fd;k gSA
¥ iq.ks fLFkr tSdyhu osnj VsDuksykWth bl mRikn dk
fuekZ.k dj jgh gSA
15
 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

2- lkdZ lEesyu 2020

ppkZ dk dkj.k
¥ izèkkuea=kh ujsUnz eksnh dh igy ij dksjksuk ok;jl ds izdksi ls fuiVus ds fy, lkdZ ns'kksa us 15 ekpZ 2020 dks fofM;ks dkWy ds }kjk lEesyu
dks lEiUu fd;kA
¥ bldk fo"k;& ¶LoLFk xzg ds fy, le; ij dkjokbZ¸ FkkA
¥ 2020 esa lkdZ lEesyu dksjksuks ok;jl dh egkekjh dh otg ls fofM;ks dkWy ds }kjk vk;ksftr gqvkA

lkdZ dh i`"BHkwfe
¥ nf{k.k ,f'k;kbZ {ks=kh; lg;ksx laxBu (lkdZ) nf{k.k ,f'k;k ds vkB ns'kksa (Hkkjr] ikfdLrku] ckaXykns'k] Jhyadk] usiky] viQxkfuLrku] ekynho
vkSj HkwVku) dk jktuhfrd vkSj vkfFkZd laxBu gSA bldh LFkkiuk 8 fnlEcj 1985 dks gqbZ FkhA
¥ vkfFkZd] lkaLÑfrd] rduhdh] lkekftd vkSj oSKkfud {ks=kksa esa lfØ; lg;ksx vkSj vkilh lg;ksx dks c<+kok nsuk bldk izeq[k mís'; gSA
¥ ikfdLrku dks 2016 esa lkdZ lEesyu dks estckuh djuh Fkh ijUrq Hkkjr] viQxkfuLrku] HkwVku o ckaXykns'k us] ikfdLrku dks vkradokn leFkZd
ns'k dk gokyk nsrs gq, lkdZ lEesyu ds vuqdwy ns'k ugha crk;k FkkA 2016 ls lkdZ dk dksbZ lEesyu vk;ksftr ugha gqvk FkkA

dksjksuk ok;jl ls lkdZ ns'kksa dh pqukSfr;k¡

¥ lkdZ ns'kksa dh lk{kjrk 71-00» gSA ;gk¡ dh tula[;k cqfu;knh LoPNrk ,oa LokLF; izFkkvksa dks ysdj T;knk tkx:d ugha gSA
¥ nf{k.k ,f'k;k dh tula[;k ?kuRo 303 oxZ fdeh gSA fo'ks"kdj Hkkjr] ikfdLrku] ckaXykns'k] Jhyadk esa tula[;k ?kuRo cgqr mPp gSA bruh
T;knk tu?kuRo okys txgksa ij dksjksuk dk laØe.k c<+us dh lEHkkouk c<+ tkrh gSA
¥ futh vLirky cgqr eg¡xsa gSa vkSj ljdkjh vLirky ,oa LokLF; dsUnz cM+s ladV ds le; LokLF; mipkj ds fy, i;kZIr ugha gSaA
¥ viQxkfuLrku] ikfdLrku] HkwVku] usiky vkSj Hkkjr] ;s lkdZ ns'k phu dks lhek dks Nwrs gSaA phu dh vkfFkZd xfy;kjk ,oa flYd jksM] ok;jl
ds izdksi dh lEHkkouk dks c<+k ldrs gSa blls lkdZ ns'kksa dh vFkZO;oLFkk ij udkjkRed izHkko iM+ ldrk gSA

lkdZ ns'kksa dh igy

¥ lkdZ ns'kksa us lHkh ckWMZj psd IokbaV can djus dk fu.kZ; fy;s gSa rkfd dksjksuk egkekjh ds laØe.k dks fu;fU=kr fd;k tk ldsA
¥ lHkh lkdZ ns'k dksjksuk ok;jl ds laØe.k ls lacafèkr lwpuk dks lkWÝVos;j ls lka>k djus rFkk izf'k{k.k ds fy, lg;ksx djus dks lger gq, gSaA
¥ lcls egRoiw.kZ] Hkkjrh; izèkkuea=kh }kjk dh x;h igy gS] ftlds rgr dksfoM&19 ls fuiVus ds fy, lHkh lkdZ ns'kksa us feydj dksfoM iQaM
cuk;kA Hkkjr us blesa 10 fefy;u MkWyj ds Mksus'ku ds lkFk igy dh gSA blesa Mksus'ku LoSfPNd gSA
¥ Hkkjr us Rapid Response Team (Rofjr izfrfØ;k Vhe) ds xBu ds ckjs esa fopkj O;Dr fd;k tks MkWDVj ,oa Lisf'kfyLV dh Vhe gksxh tks
lkdZ ns'kksa ds fy, laØe.k ds le; rRij jgsxhA

vkxs dh jkg
¥ lkdZ ns'kksa ds lHkh fo'ks"kK vkikr esa fofM;ks dkUizsQaflax vkSj vkWuykbu ckrphr ls vius vuqHkoksa
vkSj rduhd dks lka>k dj ldrs gSaA
¥ lHkh lkdZ ns'k feydj ,d dkWeu fjlpZ lsUVj cuk ldrs gSa tgk¡ ij oSKkfud ,oa MkWDVj lHkh
,d txg bdV~Bs gksdj ,d lkFk dksbZ oSDlhu ;k bykt dks laiUu dj ldrs gSaA

16 vizSy 2020 A vad&1

 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

3- dksfoM&19 ls fuiVus ds fy, nf{k.k dksfj;k ekWMy

ppkZ dk dkj.k
¥ gky gh esa nf{k.k dksfj;k us dksfoM&19 ds laØe.k ls fuiVus ds fy, ,d fe'kky is'k fd;k gS] ftls ^dksfj;kbZ ekWMy* dgk tk jgk gSA
¥ tuojh esa igyk ekeyk nf{k.k dksfj;k esa lkeus vkus ds rqjar ckn gh ljdkj us uSnkfud fdV fuekZrkvksa ls u dsoy ?kjsyw mi;ksx cfYd fu;kZr
ds fy, Hkh i;kZIr fdV ds mRiknu ds fy, dgkA bls laHko cukus ds fy, ykblsal rsth ls ckaVs x,A

nf{k.k dksfj;k us D;k fd;k

¥ è;krO; gS fd nf{k.k dksfj;k ekWMy fVªiy&'T' ij vk/kfjr gSA fVªiy 'T' vFkkZr Trace, Test vkSj Treat ij vk/kfjr gSA
¥ blesa lcls igys dksjksuk ok;jl ls laØfer yksxksa dh igpku dh xbZ vkSj muds laidks± dks vyx djus ds fy, cM+s iSekus ij LØhfuax
(ijh{k.k) 'kq: dj nh xbZ rRi'pkr~ dksjksuk dh iqf"V gks tkus ij ejht dk bykt fd;k x;kA
¥ laØe.k çlkj jksdus ds fy, yksxksa dks lkekftd nwjh cuk, j•us vkSj ekLd iguus ds fy, Hkh dgk x;kA ns'k igys dh rjg dke djrk
jgkA yksx dke ij x, vkSj Ldwy •qys jgsA
¥ nf{k.k dksfj;k rdjhcu 80 gtkj yksxksa dh VsfLVax ,d gÝrs esa dj jgk gSA
¥ nf{k.k dksfj;k esa ntZuksa ,sls dsaæ cuk, x, gSa tgka yksx xkM+h esa cSBs&cSBs VsLV djk ldrs gSaA ;gka yksxksa ds ukd vkSj eqag dk LoSc fy;k tkrk
gS vkSj ?kj tk ldrs gSaA VsLV esa ikWftfVo ik, tkus ij mudks dkWy djds crk;k tkrk gS] tcfd usxsfVo vkus ij mudks iQksu ij fliQZ ,d
eSlst Hkstk tkrk gSA
¥ nf{k.k dksfj;k esa dksjksuk ok;jl VsLV ds fy, cuk, x, ;s ySCl 24×7 dke dj jgs gSaA ;gka dksjksuk ok;jl VsLV ds fy, 96 ifCyd vkSj
çkbosV ySc dk fuekZ.k fd;k x;k gSA
¥ nf{k.k dksfj;k esa dksjksuk ok;jl ls ekSr dh nj 0-7 iQhlnh gSA vxj oSf'od Lrj ij fo'o LokLF; laxBu dh vksj ls tkjh dh xbZ nj dh
ckr djsa rks ;g 3-4 iQhlnh gSA xkSjryc gS fd nf{k.k dksfj;k dh vkcknh ikap djksM+ gSA

vU; ns'kksa us D;k fd;k

¥ phu us ;k=kk çfrca/ksa ds lkFk tuojh 2020 esa cM+s iSekus ij ykWdMkmu dh ?kks"k.kk dj nhA
¥ egkekjh ds f•ykiQ tkiku dh çfrfØ;k lcls •jkc jghA LoSfPNd :i ls lkekftd nwjh cukus ds funZs'k FksA blfy,] yksx feyrs&tqyrs jgs]
dke ij x,] lkoZtfud ifjogu esa ;k=kk dh vkSj ;gka rd fd olar dk t'u eukus ds fy, lewgksa esa Hkh lkFk vk,A
¥ tkiku dh rjg gh fczVsu us Hkh dksbZ Bksl mik; ugha fd,A blus fliQZ chekj yksxksa dks ?kj ij jgus ds fy, cksy fn;kA ljdkj us ;g dgrs
gq, bls mfpr Bgjk;k fd os LokLF; ç.kkyh ij vuko';d :i ls vfrfjÙkQ cks> Mkys fcuk lcls detksj yksxksa dh j{kk dj jgs FksA

Hkkjr us D;k fd;k

¥ Hkkjr esa çfr lIrkg 60 ls 70 gtkj yksxksa dh VsfLVax djus dh {kerk gSA
blh dM+h esa ljdkj us 25 çkbosV ySc dks dksfoM&19 ds ejhtks dks VsLV
djus dh btktr ns nh gSA buds ySCl ds ikl ns'k Hkj esa gtkjksa dysD'ku
lsaVj Hkh gSaA Hkkjr esa vkt dh rkjh• esa 113 ySCl ,sls gSa ftlesa VsfLVax
gks jgh gSA
¥ Hkkjr esa nks çkbosV ySCl dks dksjksuk ok;jl VsfLVax fdV cukus dh eatwjh
vkbZlh,evkj us nh gSA iq.ks dh ek;ySc fMLdojh Hkkjr dh igyh ,slh
iQeZ gS ftls VsfLVax fdV rS;kj djus vkSj mldh fcØh djus dh vuqefr
feyh gSA ek;ySc dh çR;sd fdV ls 100 lSaiyksa dh tkap gks ldrh gSA

vizSy 2020 A vad&1 17

 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

4- eysfj;k&jks/h nok gkbMªksDlhDyksjksDohu

ppkZ dk dkj.k
¥ gky gh esa ljdkj us eysfj;k&jks/h nok gkbMªksDlhDyksjksDohu dks vuqlwph&,p 1 (H1) ds rgr vf/lwfpr dj fn;k gSA
¥ LokLF; ea=kky; us vf/lwpuk tkjh dj gkbMªksDlhDyksjksDohu vkSj mlds iQkeZwys ds lkFk cuus okyh vU; lHkh nokvksa dks MªXl ,aM dkWLesfVDl
vf/fu;e (Drugs and Cosmetics Act) dh vuqlwph H1 esa 'kkfey fd;k gSA

i`"BHkwfe
¥ ljdkj us vke yksxksa dks eysfj;k&jks/h nok gkbMªksDlhDyksjksDohu dk bLrseky dksjksuk ok;jl ds bykt esa u djus dh psrkouh nh gSA gky
gh esa ,d fjiksVZ esa eysfj;k dh nok gkbMªksDlhDyksjksDohu dks dksfoM&19 ds bykt esa dkjxj crk;k x;k Fkk] ftlds ckn ls bl nokbZ dh
fczdh dkiQh c<+ xbZ FkhA
¥ rsth ls c<+rh chekjh dksfoM&19 ij bl nok dks dkiQh vljnkj ekuk tk jgk Fkk] ysfdu tYnckth esa blds bLrseky dks jksdus ds fy,
Hkkjr us blds fu;kZr ij Hkh cSu yxk fn;k gSA
¥ MªXl ,aM dkWLesfVDl fu;eksa ds rgr vuqlwph ,p 1 ds rgr oxhZÑr nokvksa dks ^vksoj n dkmaVj* (nokbZ dh iphZ ds fcuk) ugha cspk tk
ldrkA ;g vuqlwph o"kZ 2013 esa is'k dh xbZ FkhA
¥ blls igys bafM;u dkmafly vkWiQ esfMdy fjlpZ (ICMR) us ÚaV ykbu fpfdRlkdfeZ;ksa vkSj mPp tksf•e okys yksxksa ds fy, bl nok dh
fliQkfj'k dh Fkh tks dksjksuksok;jl laØfer jksxh ds laidZ esa FksA

vuqlwph H1 D;k gS\

¥ vuqlwph H1 ds rgr lwphc¼ nokvksa dks fuEufyf•r 'krks± ds rgr cspk tkuk vko';d gS%
¥ H1 nokvksa dh vkiwfrZ dks ,d vyx jftLVj esa iathÑr fd;k tkuk vko';d gS jftLVj esa fçLØkbcj] ejht dk uke vkSj irk gksuk pkfg,A
vkSj ;g fooj.k vkiwfrZdrkZ }kjk U;wure rhu o"kks± ds fy, j•k tkuk pkfg,A
¥ vuqlwph H1 ds rgr lwphc¼ nok dks yky jax esa ¶Rñ¸ ds :i esa yscy fd;k tkuk pkfg,A

H1 lwph esa 'kkfey dqN nok,a

¥ Mksjhisue] isaVktksflu] gkbMªksDyksjkbM] ekfDlÝyksDlkfju] VªksekMksy] tksyihMse] ckyksÝyksDlkfju] vYçktksye] diQ lhji dksjsDl lfgr
,aVhck;ksfVd] gkVZ] fdMuh vkSj Vhch ls lacaf/r nok,a ftuls u'kk vkrk gksA
¥ ,p&1 vuqlwph esa 'kkfey nokvksa dh ysofyax vU; nokvksa ls vyx gksxhA blds vykok 'kjkc vkSj flxjsV dh rjg buds iSdsV ij Hkh psrkouh
fy•h gksxhA yky jax dk ç;ksx T;knk gksxk vkSj nokvksa ds lko/kuh ls ç;ksx dh ckr Hkh nok ds jSij ij fy•h gksxhA

dkj.k
¥ vuqlwph ,p&1 esa 46 fdLe ds ,aVhck;ksfVDl] uhan vkSj Vhch tSlh chekfj;ksa
ds bykt esa dke vkus okyh nokb;ka 'kkfey gSaA
¥ MkWDVlZ ds fçfLØI'ku ds cxSj budh fcØh ij jksd yxkus ds ihNs ljdkj
dh ;g lksp gS fd yxkrkj ,aVhck;ksfVDl dk mi;ksx c<+us ds dkj.k yksx
blds vknh gks jgs gSa vkSj bykt ds nkSjku lkekU; nokb;ka mu ij vlj
gh ugha dj jgh gSaA
¥ ,sls esa gkbZ ikWoj Mªx dk bLrseky djus ds vykok dksbZ pkjk ugha cp jgkA
blh ckr dks è;ku esa j•dj budh •qyh fcØh ij jksd yxkbZ tk jgh gSA

18 vizSy 2020 A vad&1

 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

5- oSf'od [kq'kgkyh fjiksVZ&2020

ppkZ dk dkj.k
¥ gky gh esa lrr~ fodkl lek/ku usVodZ (Sustainable Development Solution Network-SSDN) us ¶oSf'od [kq'kgkyh fjiksVZ&2020¸ tkjh dh gSA
¥ 2012 esa la;qDr jk"Vª egklHkk }kjk 20 ekpZ dks ¶fo'o [kq'kgkyh fnol¸ ds :i esa ukfer fd;k x;k FkkA

eq[; fcUnq%
¥ blesa 153 ns'kksa dh jSfdax LFkku nh xbZ gSA
¥ fiQuyS.M yxkrkj rhljs o"kZ nqfu;k dk lcls [kq'kgky ns'k gSA
¥ fLoV~tjyS.M] U;wthyS.M vkSj vkWfLVª;k tSls ns'kksa ds lkFk ukfMZd jkT;ksa us 'kh"kZ 10 esa viuk ncnck cuk;k gSA
¥ yDtecxZ us bl lky igyh ckj 10ok¡ LFkku izkIr fd;k gSA
¥ fuEu [kq'kgkyh okys ns'k fgald la?k"kZ vkSj vR;f/d xjhch ls ihfM+r gSA ftEckEcs] nf{k.k lwMku vkSj viQxkfuLrku dks nqfu;k ds lcls de
[kq'kgky ns'kksa ds :i esa oxhZÑr fd;k x;k gSA
¥ uxj vkfFkZd fØ;kvksa ds dsUnz gksrs gSaA rhoz uxjhdj.k ds dkj.k uxjksa dk egÙo yxkrkj c<+ jgk gS] vr% oSf'od [kq'kgkyh fjiksVZ esa uxjksa
dks Hkh 'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA

Hkkjr dk izn'kZu
¥ Hkkjr dk LFkku fiNyh ckj 140ok¡ Fkk tks bl lky uhps fxjdj 144ok¡ gks x;k gSA
¥ Hkkjr dh jSfdax vius iM+ksfl;ksa dh rqyuk esa de gSA usiky 92osa LFkku ij] ikfdLrku 66osa LFkku ij] ckaXykns'k 107osa vkSj Jhyadk 130osa
LFkku ij gaSA

fjiksVZ ds ckjs esa

¥ oSf'od [kq'kgkyh fjiksVZ dk izdk'ku o"kZ 2012 esa 'kq: fd;k x;k FkkA bl lky bldk vkBoka laLdj.k gSA
¥ [kq'kgkyh dks vkadus ds fy, lwpdkad esa izfr O;fDr ldy ?kjsyw mRikn] lkekftd lqj{kk] LoLFk thou dh izR;k'kk] lkekftd ljksdkj]
O;fDrxr Lora=krk rFkk Hkz"Vkpkj vkSj mnkjrk dh vo/kj.kk dks vk/kj cuk;k tkrk gSA

lrr~ fodkl lek/ku usVodZ (Sustainable Development Solution Network)

¥ lrr~ fodkl lek/ku usVodZ (SSDN) dks 2012 esa 'kq: fd;k x;k Fkk tks lrr~
fodkl y{;ksa (SDG) vkSj isfjl tyok;q le>kSrs ds fy, O;okgkfjd leL;k
dks lqy>kus fy, oSf'od :i ls oSKkfud vkSj rduhdh fo'ks"kKrk tqVkrk gSA
¥ bls la;qDr jk"Vª egklfpo ds rRok/ku esa LFkkfir fd;k x;k FkkA

vizSy 2020 A vad&1 19

 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

6- v:.kkpy izns'k esa vkfnoklh rkykcanh vuq"Bku

ppkZ dk dkj.k
¥ gky gh esa v:.kkpy izns'k esa tutkfr;ksa us dksfoM&19 ds izlkj dks jksdus ds fy, Lons'kh ykWdMkmu vuq"Bkuksa dks iquthfoZr fd;k gSA
¥ v:.kkpy izns'k jkT; HkkSxksfyd :i ls phu ds lcls utnhd gS tgk¡ dksfoM&19 dh izdksi 'kq: gqvkA

vyx&vyx tutkfr;ksa }kjk laiUu vuq"Bku

¥ xSyksl tutkfr (Galos tribe): xSyksl tks v:.kkpy izns'k ds 26 izeq[k tutkfr;ksa esa ls ,d gS] tksfd if'peh fl;kax ftys esa fuokl djrh
gS] us vj&fjue (Arr-Rinam) uked vuq"Bku dk vk;kstu fd;kA
¥ tc Hkh dksbZ egkekjh vkrh gS rks vj&fjue (Arr-Rinam) 48 ?k.Vs ds fy, loZlEefr ls yxk;k x;k Lons'kh ykWdMkmu gSA
¥ vj&fjue] vyh&rj.ke (vyh 'kCn dk vFkZ egkekjh vkSj rj.ke dk vFkZ gS taxy) dk vuqlj.k djrk gSA
¥ ;s vuq"Bku vafre ckj yxHkx pkj n'kd igys fd;k x;k Fkk tc ty&tfur chekjh us leqnk; ds dbZ lnL; dks izHkkfor fd;k FkkA
¥ 30&40 o"kksZa esa ;g igyh ckj gS fd ekuoksa dh lqj{kk ds fy, bldk vH;kl (vuq"Bku) fd;k x;k gSA
¥ vkfn tutkfr (Adi tribe): ekuk tkrk gS fd 16oha 'krkCnh esa v:.kkpy izns'k dh vkfn tutkfr nf{k.kh&phu ls vkbZ FkhA
¥ ;s lqnwj mÙkj esa iwohZ fl;kax vkSj v:.kkpy izns'k ds yksvj fnckax ?kkVh ftyksa esa fuokl djrh gSA
¥ vkfn leqnk; Hkh ykWdMkmu vuq"Bku vk;ksftr djrk gS ftls vkfn tutkfr cksyh esa eksVj ;k ikWVj flLVe dgk tkrk gSA
¥ ;g ,d izFkkxr Lo&izfrca/ gS] tgk¡ LFkkuh; yksx ckgjh yksxksa ds izos'k dks jksdus ds fy, cSfjdsM~l yxkdj xk¡oksa dks can dj nsrs gaSA
¥ fuf'k tutkfr (Nyishi tribe)% fuf'k tutkfr dks caxuh Hkh dgk tkrk gS] tks iwohZ HkwVku vkSj v:.kkpy izns'k ds vkfnoklh yksx gSA
¥ ;g v:.kkpy izns'k dh lcls cM+h tutkfr gSA
¥ ;s phu&frCcrh ifjokj dh fVoksVks&ceZu Hkk"kk cksyrs gSA
¥ fuf'k tutkfr >we Ñf"k] f'kdkj vkSj eNyh idM+us dk dk;Z djrh gSA
¥ ikiqe ikjs vkSj iwohZ dkesax tSls ftyksa esa fuf'k tutkfr dh cgqyrk gS tgk¡ bUgksaus v: (Arru) uked vuq"Bku dk vk;kstu fd;kA ftlesa
Lor% ykWdMkÅu dh fLFkfr gksrh gSA
¥ buds /eZ esa izÑfr ls tqM+h vkRekvksa esa fo'okl Hkh 'kkfey gSaA

20 vizSy 2020 A vad&1

 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

7- bysDVªkWfud fofuekZ.k DyLVj (bZ,elh) 2-0 ;kstuk

ppkZ dk dkj.k
¥ gky gh esa dsUnzh; eaf=keaMy us bysDVªkWfud fofuekZ.k {ks=k esa fo'oLrjh; volajpuk] bysDVªkWfud m|ksx esa o`f¼ vkSj bysDVªkWfud {ks=kksa ds iQSyko
ds fy, bysDVªkWfud fofuekZ.k dyLVlZ 2-0 ;kstuk dk 'kqHkkjaHk fd;kA

i`"BHkwfe
¥ ns'k esa vkS|ksfxdhdj.k vkSj bysDVªkWfudh fofuekZ.k ds fodkl dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, bysDVªkWfuDl flLVe fMtkbu vkSj fofuekZ.k {ks=k (ESDM)
esa fuos'k dks vkdf"kZr djus ds fy, Hkkjr ljdkj us bysDVªkWfudh fofuekZ.k DyLVj (EMC) ;kstuk dks 2012 esa 'kq: fd;k FkkA

la'kksf/r bysDVªkWfudh fofuekZ.k DyLVj (bZ,elh 2-0) ;kstuk

¥ bysDVªkWfudh vkSj lwpuk ea=kky;] fMftVy bafM;k vkSj esd bu bafM;k dh igy ds vuqlkj Hkkjr esa bysDVªkWfudh fofuekZ.k DyLVj (EMC) 2-0]
ykap fd;k gSA ;g igy bysDVªkWfudh iz.kkyh] fMtkbu vkSj fofuekZ.k (ESDM) {ks=k ds fodkl esa lgk;rk] m|e'khyrk] uokpkj vkSj bl {ks=k
esa fuos'k vkdf"kZr djds jkstxkj ds voljksa esa o`f¼ vkSj dj jktLo esa o`f¼ dks mRizsfjr djsxhA
¥ vkus okys 5 o"kks± (2025) rd blds fy, 40]995 djksM+ #i;s izLrkfor gSA
¥ bl ;kstuk ds rgr bysDVªkWfudh fofuekZ.k {ks=k esa fuos'k vkdf"kZr djus ds fy, bZ,elh ifj;kstuk esa lkekU; lqfo/kvksa vkSj lgwfy;rksa ds
volajpuk dks l`ftr fd;k tk,xkA
¥ blesa lkekU; lqfo/k dsUnzksa (CFC) ds :i esa vkS|ksfxd lEinkvksa@ikdks±@{ks=kksa esa volajpuk dks mUur djus ds fy, bysDVªkWfudh fofuekZ.k DyLVjksa
dh LFkkiuk dh tk,xhA
¥ bysDVªkWfudh vkSj lwpuk izkS|ksfxdh ea=kky;] Hkkjr ljdkj ds varxZRk ,d Lok;Ùk fudk; ds :i esa ,tsalh gksxhA ;g ifj;kstuk izca/u ,tsalh
ds :i esa dk;Z djsxhA

orZeku esa Hkkjr esa bysDVªkWfud mRiknu

¥ o"kZ 2014&15 esa ,d yk[k uCcs gtkj djksM+ (1]90]000Cr) #i;s dk bysDVªkWfud fofuekZ.k ns'k esa gqvk Fkk tks o"kZ 2018&19 esa c<+dj pkj
yk[k vB~Bkou gtkj N djksM+ (4,58,006Cr) #i;s gks x;kA
¥ o"kZ 2012&13 oSf'od bysDVªkWfud fofuekZ.k esa Hkkjr dk fgLlk 1-3 izfr'kr Fkk tks 2018&19 esa 3 izfr'kr gks x;kA

bZ,elh 0-2 ls ykHk

¥ bysDVªkWfudh iz.kkyh] fMtkbu vkSj fofuekZ.k {ks=k esa fuos'k dk izokg c<+sxkA
¥ dsUnz ljdkj us 20 yk[k u, jkstxkj (izR;{k&vizR;{k) l`tu dh laHkkouk O;Dr dh gSA
¥ EMC 2.0 esa fuos'k ds ekè;e ls uokpkj dks c<+kok feysxkA
¥ blesa ,d cM+h dEiuh ds lkFk oSY;w pSu dh dEiuh dk Hkh fodkl gksxkA
¥ bysDVªkWfud fMokbl ds vfrfjDr mlds ?kVd (Component) ds fuekZ.k dks vkxs c<+us dh
laHkkouk gksxhA
¥ ljdkj ds dj jktLo esa o`f¼ gksxhA
¥ bysDVªkWfud oLrqvksa ds vk;kr ls fuHkZjrk de gksxhA
¥ esfMdy bysDVªkWfuDl (,evkjvkbZ e'khu] ,Dl js e'khu iSFkksykWftdy e'khu bR;kfn) dh
vlhe laHkkouk Hkkjr esa gS] tks vk;q"eku Hkkjr vkSj osyusl lsaVj dks liQy cukus esa lgk;rk
djsxsaA
¥ oSf'od izfr;ksfxrk ls Hkkjrh; dEifu;ksa dks Hkh fotsrk dEiuh (pSfEi;u dEiuh) cuus dk
volj feysxkA

vizSy 2020 A vad&1 21

 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

lkr oLrqfu"B iz'u rFkk muds O;k[;k lfgr mÙkj

(czsu cwLVlZ ij vkèkkfjr)

O;k[;k% nf{k.k ,f'k;kbZ {ks=kh; lg;ksx laxBu dh LFkkiuk 8

1- fuf/ iz;kl dk;ZØe fnlEcj 1985 dks Hkkjr] ikfdLrku] ckaXykns'k] Jhyadk] usiky] ekynho
vkSj HkwVku }kjk feydj dh xbZ FkhA 2007 esa viQxkfuLrku bldk vkBok¡
iz- fuf/ iz;kl dk;ZØe ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa ij lnL; cu x;kA ;g 8 ns'kksa dk vkfFkZd vkSj jktuhfrd laxBu gSA
fopkj dhft,& bldk eq[;ky; usiky dh jkt/kuh dkBekaMw gSA 2016 esa lkdZ lEesyu
1- fuf/ iz;kl dk;ZØe ds varxZr fodflr dh xbZ vkW;u bLykekckn esa izLrkfor Fkk ijarq ikfdLrku dk vkradokn lefFkZr ns'k
tsusjsVj ls [kk| inkFkks± ds }kjk iQSYkus okys jksx dks fu;af=kr gksus ds dkj.k bl lEesyu dk cfg"dkj gqvk FkkA 2020 esa ;g lEesyu
djus esa enn feyrh gSA fofM;ks dkWy ds }kjk laIkUu gqvk ftlesa lHkh ns'kksa dk dksjksuk ok;jl ds
2- ;g 'kjhj dh jksx izfrjks/ {kerk dks c<+krk gSA f[kykiQ lk>k jktuhfr gsrq ppkZ gqbZA n

mi;ZqÙkQ esa ls dkSu&lk@ls dFku xyr gS@gSa\

(a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 2
3- dksfoM&19 ls fuiVus ds
(c) 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa (d) u rks 1] u gh nks fy, nf{k.k dksfj;k ekWMy
mÙkj% (a)
iz- fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft,&
O;k[;k% fuf/ iz;kl dk;ZØe ds varxZr ,d vkW;u tsujsVj e'khu
ftls ?kj esa pykus ij fMVjtsal xq.k ok;jl] cSfDVfj;k vkSj ,ythZ 1- nf{k.k dksfj;k us dksfoM&19 ls yM+us ds fy, fo'o esa lcls
iSnk djus okys rRoksa ds ckgjh izksVhu fo?kfVr gks tkrs gS vkSj gok esa T;knk esfMdy fdV dk fu;kZr fd;kA
iQSyus okys jksxksa ij fu;a=k.k djus esa enn feyrk gSA ;g 'kjhj dh 2- nf{k.k dksfj;k esa dksjksuk ok;jl ls e`R;q nj lcls vf/d gSA
jksx izfrjks/d {kerk dks c<+krh gSA ;g dkcZu eksuksDlkbM] ukbVªkstu mi;qZDr esa ls dkSu&lk@ls dFku lgh gS@gSa\
MkbvkDlkbM vkSj ok"i'khy dkcZfud ;kSfxdks dks Hkh Uk"V dj nsrk gSA (a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 2
bl rjg dFku 1 xyr gSaA n
(c) 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa (d) u rks 1] u gh 2

2- lkdZ lEesyu&2020 mÙkj% (d)

O;k[;k% tuojh esa igyk ekeyk lkeus vkus ds ckn nf{k.k dksfj;k
us esfMdy fdV fuekZrkvksa ls u dsoy ?kjsyw mi;ksx cfYd fu;kZr ds
iz- lkdZ lEesyu&2020 ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa ij fopkj fy, Hkh fdV ds mRiknu ds y, dgkA ijarq fo'o esa lcls T;knk fu;kZr
dhft,& ugha fd;k gSA fo'o LokLF; laxBu ds fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj dksjksuk ls
1- nf{k.k ,f'k;kbZ {ks=kh; laxBu (lkdZ) vkB ns'kksa dk vkfFkZd oSf'od e`R;qnj 3-4 izfr'kr gSA nf{k.k dksfj;k esa dksjksuk ok;jl ls e`R;q
vkSj jktuhfrd laxBu gSA nj 0-7 fiQlnh gS tks lcls vf/d ugha gSA bl rjg nksuksa dFku xyr
2- bldk eq[;ky; ubZ fnYyh esa gSA gSA n

3- 2019 esa lkdZ lEesyu bLykekckn esa izLrkfor FkkA

mi;qZDr esa ls dkSu&lk@ls dFku lgh gS@gSa\
4- eysfj;k&jks/h nok
(a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 1 vkSj 2 gkbMªksDlhDyksjksDohu
(c) dsoy 1 vkSj 3 (d) mi;qZDr lHkh iz- eysfj;k&jks/h nok gkbMªksDlhDyksjksDohu ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf[kr
mÙkj% (a) dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft,&

22 vizSy 2020 A vad&1

 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

1- ljdkj us dksfoM&19 ds bykt ds fy, gkbMªksDlhDyksjksDohu

nok dh eatwjh nh gSA 6- v#.kkpy izns'k esa vkfnoklh
2- ljdkj us gkbMªksDlhDyksjksDohu ds fu;kZr ij cSu yxk fn;k
gSA
rkykcanh vuq"Bku
3- MªXl ,.M dkWLesfVd fu;eksa ds vuqlkj gkbMªksDlhDyksjksDohu iz- v#.kkpy izns'k esa vkfnoklh rkykcanh vuq"Bku ds lanHkZ esa
fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft,&
dks fliQZ MkWDVj dh vuqefr ds ckn gh [kjhnk tk ldrk gSA
1- v#.kkpy izns'k dh tutkfr;ksa }kjk vj&fjue vuq"Bku ds
mi;ZqÙkQ esa ls dkSu lk@ls dFku lgh gS@gSa\
rgr 48 ?k.Vs dk rkykcanh fd;k x;k ftls LFkkuh; Hkk"kk
(a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 1 vkSj 2 esa Lons'kh ykWdMkmu dgk tkrk gSA
(c) dsoy 1 vkSj 3 (d) dsoy 2 vkSj 3 2- vj&fjue vyh&rj.ke (vyh 'kCn dk vFkZ egkekjh vkSj
mÙkj% (d) rj.ke dk vFkZ taxy) dk vuqlj.k djrk gSA
O;k[;k% ljdkj us vke yksxksa dks eysfj;kjks/h nok mi;ZqÙkQ esa ls dkSu lk@ls dFku lgh ugha gS@gSa\
gkbMªksDlhDyksjksDohu dk bLrseky dksjksuk ok;jl ds bykt esa u (a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 2

djus dh psrkouh nh gSA gky gh esa ,d fjiksVZ esa eysfj;k dh nok (c) 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa (d) buesa ls dksbZ ugha

gkbMªksDlhDyksjksDohu dks dksfoM&19 ds bykt esa dkjxj crk;k x;k
FkkA blds ckn nokbZ fd fcdh c<+ xbZ FkhA tYnhckth esa bLrseky dks
jksdus ds fy, Hkkjr us fu;kZr ij izfrca/ yxk fn;k gSA MªXl ,.M
dkWLesfVd fu;eksa ds rgr nokvksa dks ^vksoj n dkmaVj* ugha cspk tk
ldrk gSA n
mÙkj% (d)
O;k[;k% v#.kkpy izns'k dh tutkfr;ksa }kjk vj&fjue vuq"Bku
ds rgr 48 ?k.Vs dk rkykcanh fd;k x;k ftls LFkkuh; Hkk"kk esa
Lons'kh ykWdMkmu dgk tkrk gSA vjZ&fjue vyh&rj.ke (vyh 'kCn
dk vFkZ egkekjh vkSj rj.ke dk vFkZ taxy) dk vuqlj.k djrk gSA n

5- oSf'od [kq'kgkyh fjiksVZ&2020 7- bysDVªkWfud fofuekZ.k DyLVj

iz- oSf'od [kq'kgkyh fjiksVZ ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa ij iz-
fopkj dhft,&
1- la;qDr jk"Vª egklHkk }kjk oSf'od [kq'kgkyh fjiksVZ igyh ckj
2008 esa tkjh fd;k x;k FkkA
2- oSf'od [kq'kgkyh fjiksVZ esa bl o"kZ Hkkjr dk LFkku 144ok¡
2-0 ;kstuk
fn, x;s dFkuksa esa xyr dFku dk p;u djsa&
(a) bysDVªkWfud fofuekZ.k DyLVj 2-0 ;kstuk ds varxZr 15 jkT;ksa esa
20 bysDVªkWfud fofuekZ.k dyLVj rFkk 3 lkekU; lqfo/k dsUnz
cuk;s tkus dk izLrko fd;k x;k gSA
(b) o"kZ 2012&13 oSf'od bysDVªkWfud fofuekZ.k esa Hkkjr dk fgLlk

gSA 1-3» Fkk tks 2018&19 esa c<+dj izfr'kr gks x;kA
(c) ljdkjh fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj bysDVªkWfud fofuekZ.k {ks=k yxHkx 20
mi;qZDr dFkuksa esa ls dkSu&lk@ls lgh gS@gSa\
yk[k jkstxkj iSnk fd;k gSA
(a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 2
(d) bl ;kstuk ds rgr vkus okys 5 o"kks± esa 40995 djksM+ #i;s
(c) 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa (d) u rks 1 ugha 2 [kpZ fd;s tk,xsaA
mÙkj% (b) mÙkj% (b)
O;k[;k% la;qDr jk"Vª egklHkk }kjk oSf'od [kq'kgkyh fjiksVZ O;k[;k% o"kZ 2012&13 oSf'od bysDVªkWfud fofuekZ.k esa Hkkjr
igyh ckj 2012 esa (u fd 2008) esa tkjh fd;k x;k FkkA bl rjg dk fgLlk 1-3» Fkk tks 2018&19 esa c<+dj 3» (u fd 8») gks x;k
dFku 1 xyr gSA oSf'od [kq'kgkyh fjiksVZ esa bl o"kZ Hkkjr dk LFkku gSA bl rjg dFku (b) xyr gSA fofnr gkss fd bysDVªkWfud fofuekZ.k
144ok¡ gSA n
DyLVj ;kstuk dh 'kq:vkr 2012 esa dh xbZ FkhA n

vizSy 2020 A vad&1 23


lkr egRoiw.kZ [kcjsa
1- uklk dk lujkbt fe'ku
gky gh esa uklk us ,d u, fe'ku&lujkbt dh
?kks"k.kk dh gSA bl fe'ku ds rgr ;g vè;;u
fd;k tk,xk fd lw;Z esa dSls fo'kky lkSj d.k
rwiQkuksa dk fuekZ.k vkSj çdk'ku gksrk gSA
bldk mís'; oSKkfudksa dks lkSj eaMy ds
dkedkt dks le>us esa Hkh enn djuk gSA bl
fe'ku dh 'kq:vkr 1 tqykbZ] 2023 dks gksus dh
mEehn trkbZ tk jgh gSA
lujkbt fe'ku ds izeq[k mís';
¥ ;g fe'ku bl ckjs esa egRoiw.kZ tkudkjh
iznku djsxk fd lw;Z dk fofdj.k varfj{k
i;kZoj.k dks dSls izHkkfor djrk gSA
¥ ;g Hkfo"; esa panzek ;k eaxy xzg ls
lacaf/r fofHkUu fe'kuksa ij tkus okys
varfj{k ;kf=k;ksa dk lkSj rwiQkuksa ls cpko
djsxkA
¥ ;g lw;Z ds LisDVªe vFkkZr o.kZØe ds ml
fgLls dk Hkh vè;;u djsxk tks vk;ueaMy
ds dkj.k i`Foh ij ugha ns[kk tk ldrk gSA
¥ ;g lw;Z ds ckjs esa og tkudkjh tqVkus esa
Hkh lgk;rk djsxk tks vU; lkSj tkap ;a=kksa
¥ twykWftdy loZs vkWiQ bafM;k (ZSI) ds
oSKkfudksa ds ,d gkfy;k vè;;u us ;g
lkfcr dj fn;k gS fd tEew&d'ehj] yík•
vkSj fgekpy çns'k dh Vªkal&fgeky;h
Jsf.k;ksa esa ik;k tkus okyk fgeky;u
vkbZcsDl] lkbcsfj;u vkbZcsDl ls vyx o
fof'k"V çtkfr gSA ,aMsatMZ Lih'kht fjlpZ*
(Endangered Species Research) if=kdk
ds vuqlkj lkbcsfj;u vkbZcsDl taxyh
24
& ikdZj lksyj izksc] lksyj vkWfcZVj vkSj
xzkmaM&csLM MSfu;y ds- bukS; lkSj nwjchu
ls gkfly ugha gks ldrh gSA
lujkbt fe'ku% çeq• fo'ks"krk,a
¥ lu jkbt fe'ku esa Ng D;wclSV~l yxs gksaxs
tks ,d cgqr cM+h jsfM;ks nwjchu ds rkSj
ij dke djsaxsA
¥ ;g fe'ku ,d isyksM vkWfcZVy fMyhojh
flLVe (PODS) ls tqM+k gksxk vkSj vius
6 D;wclSV~l dks ft;ksflaØksul vFkZ vkWfcZV
(GEO) esa rSukr djsxkA ;s lHkh 6 D;wclSV~l
,d nwljs ls de ls de 10 fdyksehVj
dh nwjh ij dk;Z djsaxsA lHkh D;wclSV~l lkSj
lfØ;rk ls de vko`fÙk ds mRltZu dh
jsfM;ks Nfo;ksa dk fujh{k.k ,d lkFk djsaxs
vkSj mUgsa uklk ds xgu varfj{k usVodZ ds
ekè;e ls lk>k djsaxsA
¥ ;s D;wclSV~l i`Foh ds ok;qeaMy ds Åij
dk;Z djsaxsA rkfd jsfM;ks ladsr vo#¼ u
gksa vkSj lu jkbt bu jsfM;ks ladsrksa dk
fujh{k.k djsxkA
2- fgeky;u vkbZcsDl
cdjh dh ,d çtkfr gS vkSj bls BaMs
cfLr;ksa] pêðkuh cfgokZg] •M+h bykds] mPp
Hkwfe okys ÝySVksa vkSj igkM+ dh ydhjksa ls
ysdj fupys igkM+ksa vkSj rygVh rd ds
fofHkUu vkoklksa esa forfjr fd;k tkrk gSA
fgeky;u vkbcsDl vFkkZr lkfdu Hkkjr
ds fgeky; çns'k dk ,d çfl¼ taxyh
cdjk gSA
lelkef;dh : Perfect 7
¥ ;s lHkh D;wclSV~l ml LFkku dks bafxr
djus ds fy, 3 Mh ekufp=k cuk,axs tgka
fo'kky d.k lw;Z ij mRiUu gksrs gSa vkSj
tc os fo'kky d.k varfj{k esa ckgj dh
vksj c<+rs gSa rks dSls fodflr gksrs gSaA bl
tkudkjh ls ;g fu/kZfjr djus esa enn
djsxh fd fofdj.k ds bu fo'kky tsVksa dh
'kq#vkr dSls gksrh gS vkSj dSls ;s rhoz xfr
ls vkxs c<+rs gSaA
¥ ;s lHkh D;wclSV~l lw;Z ds pqacdh; {ks=k
ls fudyus okyh js•kvksa ds fofHkUu xzgksa
ds chp varfj{k esa igqapus ds iSVuZ ds
laca/ esa Hkh tkudkjh çkIr djus ds fy,
,d lkFk dke djsaxsA bl izdkj dh eSfiax
igyh ckj dh tk,xhA
¥ lujkbt fe'ku dks eSDlkj }kjk fufeZr
okf.kfT;d mixzg@lSVWykbV }kjk jkbM 'ks;j
fe'ku ds :i esa ykWUp djus dh is'kd'k
dh xbZ gSA bls ,d okf.kfT;d jkWdsV
dk mi;ksx djds ykWUp fd, tkus dh
laHkkouk gSA
eq[; fcanq
¥ i;kZoj.k ou ,oa tyok;q ifjorZu ea=kky;
}kykgkSy rFkk Lihfr (fgekpy çns'k) esa
vkbZcsDl ij iQhYM loZs{k.k fd;k fd;k
rFkk blds ey ds uewus ,d=k fd;s x,A
¥ vkuqoaf'kd fo'ys"k.k ds ifj.kkeksa us
vk'p;Ztud :i ls •qyklk fd;k lkbcsfj;u
vkbZcsDl dh lajpuk esa IyhLVksflu ;qx
vizSy 2020 A vad&1
 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7
(2-4 fefy;u o"kZ igys) ds nkSjku ifjorZu
vk;k Fkk u fd ek;kslhu&Iyk;kslhu (6-6
fefy;u o"kZ) ;qx ds nkSjkuA
Hkkjr esa fgeky;u vkbZcsDl
¥ Hkkjr esa vkbZcsDl eq[; :i ls yík•]
3- mPp çksVhu okys ck;ks iQksVhZiQkbM xsagw dk fodkl
¥ Hkkjr ljdkj ds varxZr vkus okys
Lok;Ùk laLFkku vxgjdj fjlpZ bafLVVÔwV]
(,vkjvkbZ) iq.ks ds oSKkfudksa us ,d
rjg ds xsgwa dh ck;ks iQksVhZiQkbM fdLe
,e,lh,l 4028 cuk;ha gS] ftlesa mPp
ek=kk esa çksVhu gSA
ARI ds oSKkfudksa] }kjk cukbZ x;h bl xsgwa
¥
dh fdLe esa yxHkx 14-7» T;knk mPp
çksVhu gS] csgrj iks"k.k xq.koÙkk ds lkFk
ftad 40-3 ihih,e gS vkSj ykSg lkexzh
40-3 ihih,e vkSj 46-1 ihih,e gSA
fo'ks"krk,a
¥ ,e,lh,l 4028] ftlds fodflr gksus dh
tkudkjh bafM;u tuZy vkWiQ tsusfVDl ,aM
IykaV czhfMax esa çdkf'kr gqbZ Fkh] ,d çdkj
dh lseh M~okiQZ fdLe gS] tks 102 fnuksa
esa cM+h gksrh gS vkSj ftlus 19-3 fDoaVy
çfr gsDVs;j dh Js"B vkSj fLFkj mit
4- th 20 dk opqZvy lEesyu
¥ gky gh es ç/kuea=kh ujsaæ eksnh us th&20
xzqi ds lnL; ns'kksa ds jk"Vªkè;{kksa ds lkFk
ohfM;ks dkWUÚsaflax ds tfj, ckr dhA ;g
opZqvy cSBd blfy, •kl jgh D;ksafd
bldk dsaæ fcanq dksjksuk ok;jl ls iQSyh
egkekjh FkhA cSBd esa vyx&vyx ns'kksa
ds jk"Vªkè;{kksa us dksjksuk ok;jl ls yM+us
dh rS;kfj;ksa ds ckjs esa tkudkjh nhA
cSBd esa bl ij tksj fn;k x;k fd bl
egkekjh ds ekuoh; vkSj vkfFkZd çHkko
dSls gSa vkSj vkxs blds fdl çdkj
ds vlj ns•s tk ldrs gSaA KkrO; gS
fd G-20 ds opqZvy cSBd dh vè;{krk
lmnh vjc us fd;kA bl cSSBd esa lHkh
jk"Vªè;{kksa }kjk oSf'od vFkZO;oLFkk esa
vizSy 2020 A vad&1
tEew&d'ehj ds Vªkal&fgeky; ioZr
Jsf.k;ksa rFkk fgekpy çns'k ds lryt
unh {ks=k rd ikbZ tkrh gSA bldh dkys
?kus ckyksa dh 7&6 bap yach 'kkunkj nk<+h
gksrh gSA vU; ns'kksa ds cdjksa dh vis{kk
{kerk fn•kbZ gSA ;g LVse jLV] iQksfyvj
vfiQM~l] yhiQ jLV] #V vfiQM~l vkSj
czkmu ohV ekbV dh çfrjks/h gSA
¥ ,e,lh,l 4028 fdLe dks ;wfulsiQ
ds fo'ks"k dk;ZØe ds rgr mxk;k x;k
gSA bl dk;ZØe dk mís'; dqiks"k.k dks
feVkuk vkSj ^fotu 2022* dks c<+kok nsuk
gSA Hkkjr ds xzkeh.k bykdksa esa vçR;{k
Hkw• dks [kre djus ds fy, vkSj
^dqiks"k.k eqÙkQ Hkkjr* gkfly djus ds
fy, ijaijkxr rjhdksa ls ikS/s cukus dh
rduhd dk bLrseky fd;k tk jgk gSA
¥ ,e,lh,l 4028 dks lsaVªy lc dfeVh
vku ØkWi LVSaMM~lZ }kjk vf/lwfpr
fd;k x;k gSA bafM;u dkWmfUly vkWiQ
,xzhdYpjy fjlpZ us bl fdLe dks
2019 dh fcvksiQksVhZfiQ,M dsVsxjh esa VSx
fd;k gSA
5 fVªfy;u MkWyj dh lg;ksx jkf'k tek
djus ij Hkh lgefr cuhA
¥ cSBd esa ç/kuea=kh eksnh us Xykscykbts'ku
dk eqík mBk;k vkSj dgk fd vkradokn
gks ;k tyok;q ifjorZu] ,sls elyksa ij
Xykscykbts'ku cgqr gn rd ukdke
jgk gSA ç/kuea=kh us dgk] dksfoM&19
us gesa vPNk ekSdk fn;k gS fd ge
Xykscykbts'ku dh ubZ vo/kj.kk ij
fopkj djsa ftlesa vkfFkZd o foÙkh;
igyqvksa ls brj balkfu;r] tyok;q
ifjorZu vkSj vkradokn ij Hkh iQksdl
fd;k tk,A
¥ cSBd esa ç/kuea=kh us dksjksuk ok;jl dh
egkekjh dh vksj lcdk è;ku •hapkA
gekjs ns'k dk lkfdu vkdkj esa Hkh cM+k
gksrk gS vkSj lhax Hkh mlds dkiQh cM+s
gksrs gSaA
¥ bls IUCN dh yhLV dalMZ (Least Concerned)
Js.kh esa j•k x;k gSA
mi;ksfxrk
¥ xsgwa Hkkjr esa 6 vyx rjg ds ekSleksa esa
mxk;k tkrk gSA egkjk"Vª vkSj dukZVd tSls
çk;}hih; {ks=kksa esa xsgwa dh •srh ckfj'k
ds ekSle vkSj lhfer flapkbZ ifjfLFkfr
esa gksrh gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa iQly dks
ueh dh ekj >syuh iM+ tkrh gSA ;gh
dkj.k gS dh lw•k >syus okyh iQlyksa
dh ekax T;knk gSA blh fdLe dh iQlysa
tks vf/d iSnkokj nsa] tYnh rS;kj gksa vkSj
ftuesa o"kkZ ds ekSle esa Hkh jksx çfrjks/d
{kerk gks] ,slh iQlyksa ij dke vxgjdj
fjlpZ bafLVVÔwV] iq.ks] tks vky bafM;k
dksvkWfMZusVsM ohV ,aM ckyZs bEçwoesaV
çksxzke ds varxZr vkrk gS] py jgk gSA
¥ bldk dksvkfMZus'ku bafM;u bafLVVÔwV
vkWiQ ohV ,aM ckyZs jhlpZ djuky tks dh
bafM;u dkSafly vkWiQ ,xzhdYpj fjlpZ ds
varxZr gS }kjk py jgk gSA
mUgksaus ;g Hkh crk;k fd bl egkekjh
ds lkekftd vkSj vkfFkZd çHkko dkiQh
pqukSrhiw.kZ gks ldrs gSaA mUgksaus crk;k fd
dksfoM&19 ds 90 iQhlnh ekeys vkSj
88 iQhlnh rd ekSr th&20 ns'kksa esa lkeus
vk, gSaA tcfd lPpkbZ gS fd nqfu;k dh
thMhih dk 80 iQhlnh fgLlk vkSj dqy
vkcknh dk 60 iQhlnh fgLlk blh {ks=k ds
varxZr vkrk gSA
¥ opZqvy cSBd dh 'kq#vkr esa baVjus'kuy
ekWusVjh iQaM (vkbZ,e,iQ)] la;qÙkQ jk"Vª
la?k (;w,u) vkSj fo'o LokLF; laxBu
(MCY;w,pvks) ds çeq•ksa us Hkh viuh
ckr j•hA cSBd esa iQSlyk fy;k x;k
fd dksfoM&19 dks ysdj ,d dkjZokbZ
i=k (,D'ku isij) tkjh fd;k tk,xkA
25

5- vFkZ vkWoj 28 ekpZ 2020 dks euk;k x;k
¥ bl o"kZ ¶vFkZ vkWoj¸ 28 ekpZ dks lk;adky
dks 8% 30 ls 9% 30 cts ds chp euk;k
x;kA bl volj ij fo'o Hkj esa yksxksa dks
,d ?kaVs ds fy, xSj&vko';d midj.kksa
dh fctyh can djus dk vkokgu fd;k
x;k FkkA
vFkZ vkWoj (Earth Hour) D;k gS\
¥ vFkZ vkWoj dks o"kZ 2007 esa oYMZ okbM
iQ.M iQkWj uspj }kjk ykap fd;k x;k FkkA
;g ,d i;kZoj.kh; vfHk;ku gS ftldk
mís'; tyok;q ifjorZu dh vksj yksxksa
dk è;ku vkdf"kZr djuk gSA vkerkSj ij
vFkZ vkWoj dks ekpZ ds vafre 'kfuokj dks
euk;k tkrk gSA vFkZ vkWoj ds }kjk i;kZoj.k
6- nqfu;k 99-9 çfr'kr twuksfVd ok;jl ls vufHkK
¥ fo'o LokLF; laxBu (MCY;w,pvks) us
2018 esa 10 jksxksa dh ,d ,slh lwph
tkjh dh Fkh] tks egkekjh iSnk dj ldrs
gSaA ;s lHkh ok;jy chekfj;ka FkhA thdk]
bcksyk vkSj lhfo;j ,D;wV jsfLijsVjh flaMªkse
(lklZ&dksjksuks ok;jl tfur) tSls ok;jl
ds vykok] bl lwph esa vKkr ok;jl
tfur fMtht ,Dl (chekjh ,Dl) dk
Hkh ftØ FkkA vc ;s ekuk tk jgk gS fd
dksfoM&19 gh vKkr ok;jl tfur fMtht
,Dl gSA ;g çdksi (dksfoM &19) rsth ls
egkekjh pqukSrh curk tk jgk gS tks fMtht
,Dl Js.kh esa fiQV cSBrk gSA
¥ MCY;w,pvks ds gokys ls U;w;kWdZ VkbEl us
fy•k gS fd mudh fMtht ,Dl tkuojksa
ls mRiUu gksus okyh ,d ok;jy fMtht
gksxh vkSj ,slh txg ij mHkjsxh] tgka
vkfFkZd fodkl us yksxksa vkSj oU;thoksa dks
,d lkFk tksM+k gSA çkjafHkd voLFkk esa bl
chekjh dks ysdj Hkze dh fLFkfr gksxhA bls
vU; chekjh ds :i esa le>k tk ldrk
gSA ysfdu ;s ;k=kk vkSj O;kikj ds dkj.k
tYnh ls iwjh nqfu;k esa iQSy tk,xhA fMtht
,Dl dk e`R;q nj ekSleh Ýyw dh rqyuk esa
vf/d gksxk vkSj Ýyw dh rjg gh vklkuh
ls iQSysxkA ;g egkekjh cuus ls igys
26
lqj{kk rFkk tyok;q ifjorZu dks fu;af=kr
djus ds çfr çfrc¼rk çdV dh tkrh gSA
¥ bldk eq[;ky; flaxkiqj esa gSA bldh
'kq#vkr lky 2007 esa vkWLVªsfy;k esa gqbZ
FkhA lky 2010 esa ;s nqfu;k ds 120 ns'kksa
esa viuk;k x;k FkkA
i`"BHkwfe
2004 esa tyok;q ifjorZu ds eqís ij vkWLVªsfy;kbZ
yksxksa ds fopkj tkuus ds mís'; ls fo'o
oU;tho ,oa i;kZoj.k laxBu dh vkWLVªsfy;kbZ
'kk•k vkSj foKkiu ,tsalh fy;ks cuZsV flMuh
ds chp ,d fopkj&foe'kZ xks"Bh dk vk;kstu
fd;k x;kA blesa gq, fopkj&foe'kZ ij 2006 esa
¶n fcx fÝyd¸ uke ls ,d ,sls vfHk;ku dh
gh foÙkh; cktkjksa dks >d>ksj nsxkA og
dksfoM &19 Hkh fMtht ,Dl gSA¸
¥ dksfoM&19 ds dkj.k gqbZ rckgh bl ckr
dh Hkh rLnhd djrh gS fd nqfu;k dks
csgrj <ax ls egkekjh dks le>us vkSj
çcaf/r djus dh t:jr gSA
¥ vkj,u, ok;jl dksfoM&19 lfgr lHkh
çeq• egkekfj;ksa dk dkj.k cuk gSA
mRifjofrZr vkSj fodflr gksus ds vius
varfuZfgr xq.k ds dkj.k] vkj,u, ok;jl
Hkfo"; dh egkekfj;ksa ds dkj.k cu ldrs
gSaA 2011 ls 2018 ds chp] 172 ns'kksa esa
1]483 egkekjh dh ?kVuk,a lkeus vkbZaA
60 iQhlnh egkekjh twuksfVd (tkuoj ls
balku esa iQSyus okyh chekjh) Fkh] ftuesa
ls 72 çfr'kr oU;thoksa esa mRiUu gq, FksA
dksfoM&19 ds vykok] MCY;w,pvks us
2020 ds igys 79 fnuksa esa 9 chekfj;ksa ds
iQSyus dh ckr dgh FkhA
¥ tyok;q ifjorZu vkSj i;kZoj.kh; {kj.k
ekeys dks cnrj cuk jgh gS] D;ksafd ;s
ok;jl dks rsth ls mRifjofrZr gksus esa
enn djrs gSaA blls chekjh ds iQSyus dh
nj c<+ tkrh gSA
lelkef;dh : Perfect 7
:ijs•k rS;kj dh xbZ ftldk mís'; cM+s Lrj
ij ns'k esa fctyh ds midj.kksa dks can djuk
FkkA fo'o oU;tho ,oa i;kZoj.k laxBu dh
vkWLVªsfy;kbZ 'kk•k us bl ladYiuk dks ¶ykWMZ
Dyksoj ewj¸ vkSj flMuh ds es;j ¶iQs;jiQSDl
ehfM;k¸ ds lkeus çLrqr fd;k] ftUgksaus bl
vk;kstu ds fy, lgefr çnku dh FkhA 31
ekpZ] 2007 dks flMuh] vkWLVªsfy;k esa LFkkuh;
le; ds vuqlkj 'kke 7%30 cts igyh ckj
vFkZ vkoj (Earth Hour) dk vk;kstu fd;k x;k
Fkkl gj o"kZ ekpZ eghus esa blds ckn ls iwjs
fo'o esa ,d ?kaVs ds fy, vFkZ vkoj (Earth
Hour) euk;k tkrk gS vkSj fctyh ds cYcksa dks
can dj fn;k tkrk gSA
¥ Ldwy vkWiQ ,uokW;kjesaV ,aM ckW;ksykWftdy
lkbal] jVxlZ] n LVsV ;wfuoflZVh vkWiQ U;w
tlhZ dh lgk;d çksiQslj fl;kscsu MÝiQh
us 2018 esa ih,yvks,l ckW;ksykWth esa fy•k
fd vkj,u, ok;jl esa mRifjorZu nj vius
ewy L=kksr ds eqdkcys yk•ksa xquk vf/d
gksrh gSA ;s mPp nj vkSj vuqdwyu dh
{kerk fo"kk.kqvksa ds nq"çHkko vkSj gkfudkjd
çHkko dks rhoz djus esa lgk;d ekus tkrs
gSaA ok;jy jksx dk fu;a=k.k eqf'dy gksrk
gS vkSj muds ckjs esa lhfer Kku bl pqukSrh
dks vkSj vf/d c<+k nsrk gSA
¥ n'kdksa ds vuqHko ds ckotwn] oSKkfud og
çHkkoh rjhdk •kstus esa iwjh rjg liQy ugha
gS ftlls ok;jy çdksi dks jksdk tk ldsA
xkSjryc gS fd 1917&1918 esa tc ?kkrd
LiSfu'k Ýyw dk çdksi Fkk] rc Hkh vkt
dh rjg gh lkekftd nwjh vkSj Ldwy can
djus tSls vkdfLed rjhdksa dk bLrseky
fd;k x;k FkkA ;s rjhds rc Hkh dke ugha
djrs Fks vkSj vkt Hkh dke djrs ugha fn•
jgs gSaA ;gka rd fd lkcqu ls gkFk /ksus dks
vkt cgqr vf/d çpkfjr fd;k tk jgk gS
ysfdu ;g Hkh mruk çHkkoh ugha gS] ftruh
mEehn dh tk jgh FkhA
vizSy 2020 A vad&1
 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7
¥ ;wfuoflZVh vkWiQ gkaxdkax ds 'kks/drkZvksa us
ik;k fd O;fÙkQxr lqj{kkRed mik;] tSls gkFk
dh LoPNrk ;k iQsl ekLd vkSj i;kZoj.kh;
LoPNrk tSls mik; Hkh bUÝyw,t a k ds çlkj
dks de djus esa enn ugha djrs gSAa c<+rs
•rjs ds ckotwn] gekjs ikl oSf'od fuxjkuh
dh O;oLFkk ugha gS tks laHkkfor egkekjh ds
mn~Hko ij utj j• ldsA
7- Hkkjr vkSj phu ds jktuf;d laca/ksa ds 70 o"kZ iwjs gq,
Hkkjr vkSj phu us COVID-19 egkekjh ds dkj.k
vius jktuf;d laca/ksa dh 70oha o"kZxkaB eukus
ds fy, fu/kZfjr lHkh bosaV~l dks LFkfxr dj
fn;k gSA gkykafd nksuksa ns'kksa ds usrkvksa us c/kbZ
lans'kksa dk vknku&çnku fd;kA
eq[; fcanq
Hkkjr ,f'k;k dk igyk xSj&lkE;oknh ns'k Fkk
ftlus ihiYl fjifCyd vkWiQ pkbuk ds lkFk
jktuf;d laca/ LFkkfir fd,A vkt lhek eqíksa
tSlh leL;kvksa ds ckotwn nksuksa ns'kksa ds etcwr
O;kikfjd laca/ gSaA 2019 esa Hkkjr&phu O;kikj
90-1 fcfy;u vejhdh MkWyj rd igqap x;k
FkkA blds vykok] Hkkjr phu ij Hkkjrh;
nokb;ksa vkSj vkbZVh daifu;ksa ds fy, vius
cktkj •ksyus dk ncko cuk jgk gSA ;g phu
ds lkFk 57 fcfy;u vejhdh Mkyj ds O;kikj
?kkVs dks de djus ds fy, fd;k tk jgk gSA
vizSy 2020 A vad&1
¥ 2018 esa ,d çkstsDV (Xykscy fojkse
çkstsDV) ykap fd;k x;k FkkA blds rgr]
vxys 10 o"kks± esa mu lHkh LFkkuksa dks
feykdj ,d Xykscy ,Vyl fodflr
djus dh ckr gS] tgka çkÑfrd :i ls
twuksfVd ok;jl ik, tkus dh laHkkouk
gSA
vukSipkfjd f'k•j lEesyu
¥ uoacj 2019 esa 70 lky ds jktuf;d
lacaèkksa dh Le`fr dks eukus ds fy, nksuksa
ns'k 70 xfrfof/;ksa dks vafre :i nsus ds
fy, lger gq,A ;g fu.kZ; jk"Vªifr 'kh
ftax fiax vkSj çèkkuea=kh eksnh ds nwljs
vukSipkfjd f'k•j lEesyu ds nkSjku fy;k
x;k FkkA 70 çfl¼ xfrfof/;ksa esa O;kikj
lao/Zu dk;ZØe] lSU; vknku&çnku vkSj
lkaLÑfrd vkSj /kfeZd xfrfof/;ka 'kkfey
FkhaA
Hkkjr&phu lg;ksx
¥ Hkkjr rFkk phu ds chp f}i{kh;] {ks=kh;
vkSj oSf'od fparkvksa ds fofHkUu fo"k;ksa ij
fopkjksa ds vknku&çnku ds fy;s yxHkx 50
laokn ra=k gSaA
¥ vc rd Hkkjr vkSj phu ds chp gksus okyk
O;kikj 3 fcfy;u MkWyj ls c<+dj yxHkx
¥ vkt oSKkfudksa ds ikl euq";ksa dks
laØfer dj ldus okys fliQZ 260
ok;jl dh tkudkjh gSA ;g laHkkfor
twuksfVd ok;jl la[;k dk egt 0-1
çfr'kr gh gSA ;kuh] nqfu;k vkt Hkh yxHkx
99-9 çfr'kr laHkkfor twuksfVd ok;jl ls
vufHkK gSA
100 fcfy;u MkWyj (32 xquk) gks x;k
gSA o"kZ 2019 esa Hkkjr rFkk phu ds chp
gksus okys O;kikj dh ek=kk 92-68 fcfy;u
MkWyj FkhA
¥ 2-7 fcfy;u ls vf/d yksxksa ds la;qÙkQ
cktkj rFkk nqfu;k ds 20» ds ldy ?kjsyw
mRikn ds lkFk] Hkkjr rFkk phu ds fy;s
vkfFkZd ,oa O;kikfjd lg;ksx esa O;kid
laHkkouk,¡ gSaA Hkkjr esa phuh daifu;ksa dk
lap;h fuos'k 8 fcfy;u vesfjdh MkWyj
ls vf/d gSA
¥ nksuksa ns'kksa us dyk] çdk'ku] ehfM;k]
fiQYe vkSj Vsyhfotu] laxzgky;] •sy]
;qok] i;ZVu] LFkkuh;rk] ikjaifjd
fpfdRlk] ;ksx] f'k{kk vkSj fFkad VSad ds
{ks=k esa vknku&çnku rFkk lg;ksx ij cgqr
vf/d çxfr dh gSA
27
 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

lkr egRoiw.kZ RkF;

1- dksjksuksok;jl ls laØfer mPp tksf•e okys ekeyksa ds fy, Hkkjrh; fpfdRlk vuqla/ku ifj"kn }kjk xfBr jk"Vªh;
dk;Zcy }kjk fdl nok dh fliQkfj'k dh x;h gS\
&gkbMªksDlhDyksjksDohu
2- fgysy iQqjLVsucxZ vkSj xzsxjh ekxZqfyl us gky gh esa dkSu lk çfrf"Br iqjLdkj thrk\
&,csy iqjLdkj
3- lkaln LFkkuh; {ks=k fodkl (MPLAD) ;kstuk dk fØ;kUo;u fdl dsaæh; ea=kky; }kjk fd;k tkrk gS\
&dsUæh; lkaf[;dh o dk;ZØe fØ;kUo;u ea=kky;
4- dsaæ ljdkj us dksjksukok;jl egkekjh vkSj ykWd&Mkmu ls yM+us ds fy, fu/Zu yksxksa dh vkfFkZd lgk;rk ds
fy, dkSu lh ;kstuk ykap dh gS\
&ç/kuea=kh xjhc dY;k.k ;kstuk
5- fdl ea=kky; us ykWdMkmu ds chp ns'k esa iQals fons'kh i;ZVdksa dh enn ds fy, 'Standed in India' iksVZy 'kq:
fd;k gS\
&i;ZVu ea=kky;
6- os nks ns'k tks dqfjy }hilewg fookn ls tqM+s gq, gSa\
&:l vkSj tkiku
7- fdl jkT; ljdkj us cPpksa ds [ksy xfrfof/;ksa dks izksRlkfgr djus ds fy, ;qok efgykvksa ds lg;ksx ls ^enlZ*
iQkWj LiksV~lZ ,.M fiQVusl* ,si ykWUp fd;k gS\
&gfj;k.kk

28 vizSy 2020 A vad&1

 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

lkr egRoiw.kZ vH;kl iz'u (eq[; ijh{kk gsrq)

1- lks'ky fMLVsaflax ls D;k rkRi;Z gS\ dksjksuk ok;jl ds lanHkZ esa bldh vko';drk ij izdk'k Mkfy,A

2- laØked jksxksa dks ysdj gekjh le> esa lq/kj gqvk gS] fiQj Hkh ge egkekjh ds mHkkj ls lacaf/r lHkh
igyqvksa dks iwjh rjg ls ugha le> lds gSaA ppkZ dhft,A

3- pqVdk ifj;kstuk dk laf{kIr ifjp; nsrs gq,] bl ifj;kstuk ls mRiUu fookn ds izeq[k dkj.kksa dks crkb,A

4- mTToy fMLdkWEl ,';ksjsal ;kstuk (mn;) D;k gS\ vkjchvkbZ }kjk tkjh fjiksVZ ds vkyksd esa bl ;kstuk
dh leh{kk dhft,A

5- Ñf"k esa dkS'ky fodkl dh laHkkoukvksa dh ppkZ djrs gq, blds ekxZ esa mifLFkr pqukSfr;ksa dk mYys[k
djsaA

6- D;k vki bl dFku ls lger gSa fd uDlyokn dk tUe fo"kerk ls gqvk gS\ vius mÙkj ds i{k esa
rdZ nssus ds lkFk&lkFk bl leL;k ls fuiVus ds mik;ksa dks Hkh crk,¡A

7- dPps rsy ds ewY; esa orZeku esa Hkkjh fxjkoV ns[kh tk jgh gS] rsy dh fxjrh dherksa ls Hkkjr tSls
ns'kksa dks D;k ykHk izkIr gksxk\ ppkZ dhft,A

vizSy 2020 A vad&1 29

 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

lkr egRoiw.kZ mfDr;k¡

1- fo'okl dks ges'kk rdZ ls rkSyuk pkfg,A tc fo'okl v¡/k gks tkrk gS rks og ej tkrk gSaA
&egkRek xka/h
2- ladV ds le; gj NksVh pht ek;us j•rh gSA
&tokgjyky usg#
3- thou viuk vk/k çHkko •ks nsrk gS vxj dksbZ la?k"kZ u gks&vxj dksbZ tksf•e u mBkuk iM+sA
&lqHkk"k paæ cksl
4- ¶balku rHkh dqN djrk gS tc oks vius dke ds vkSfpR; dks ysdj lqfuf'pr gksrk gSA¸
&Hkxr flag
5- dêðjrk lp dks mu gkFkksa esa lqjf{kr j•us dh dksf'k'k djrh gS tks mls ekjuk pkgrs gSaA
&jfcUæukFk VSxksj
6- vfo'okl ls fo'okl djuk csgrj gksrk gSA ,slk djus ls vki çR;sd dk;Z dks iw.kZ djus dh laHkkoukvksa ds
fudV gks tkrs gSaA
&vYcVZ vkbaLVhu
7- bl feêðh esa dqN vuwBk gS] tks dbZ ck/kvksa ds ckotwn ges'kk egku vkRekvksa dk fuokl jgk gSA
&ljnkj oYyHk HkkbZ iVsy

30 vizSy 2020 A vad&1

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