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 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7
lkr egRoiw.kZ eqís
1- dksfoM&19 dk Ñf"k ij izHkko% ,d fo'ys"k.k
ppkZ dk dkj.k
¥ orZeku esa py jgs ns'kO;kih ykWdMkmu ls
lcls vf/d laosnu'khy oxksZa dks uqdlku
gks jgk gSA
¥ dbZ laosnu'khy oxksZa esa ls ,d oxZ fdlkuksa
dk Hkh gS ftUgsa ykWdMkmu dh otg ls
dbZ eqf'dyksa dk lkeku djuk iM+ jgk gSaA
blls Ñf"k {ks=k eqf'dyksa esa iQ¡l ldrk gSA
ifjp;
¥ Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk vHkh Hkh Ñf"k ij
dkiQh fuHkZj gSA gkykafd Ñf"k {ks=k dk
thMhih esa ;ksxnku vis{kkÑr de gS fdUrq
Hkkjr dh vk/s ls vf/d vkcknh izR;{k
o vizR;{k :i ls Ñf"k ,oa blls lEc¼
xfrfof/;ksa esa layXu gSA
¥ Hkkjr dks xkaoksa dk ns'k dgk tkrk gS vkSj
xzkeh.k vFkZO;oLFkk iwjh rjg ls Ñf"k {ks=k
ij fuHkZj gSA
¥ Hkkjr esa Ñf"k {ks=k u fliQZ ;gk¡ dh fo'kky
vkcknh dh [kk| t:jrksa dh iwfrZ djrk gS
cfYd ;g fu;kZr dk Hkh volj miyC/
djkrk gSA dksfoM&19 dh egkekjh ls iwjk
fo'o =kkfgeku gS vkSj dqN ns'k viuh
[kk| t:jrksa gsrq Hkkjr dh vksj Hkh ns[k
jgs gSaA
dksfoM&19 o ykWdMkmu ds dkj.k Ñf"k
{ks=k ij izHkko
¥ ykWdMkmu dh otg ls lcls T;knk uqdlku
ckxokuh (Horticulture)] lCth vkfn
iQlyksa dks gqvk gSA D;ksafd ykWdMkmu ls
vkiwfrZ Ük`a[kyk ckf/r gqbZ gS vkSj ;s iQlysa
vizSy 2020 A vad&2
cktkj rd le;kuqlkj ugha igq¡p ik;h ¥ dksfoM&19 o ykWdMkmu ds dkj.k
gaSA xkSjryc gS fd ckxokuh] lCth vkfn ;kaf=kd gkosZLVj dks pykus okys o blesa
iQlyksa dk thou dky NksVk gksrk gS vkSj yxus okys etnwj vkfn dh deh ds pyrs
;s tYnh [kjkc gks tkrh gSaA ;kaf=kd gkosZLVjksa dks [ksrksa rd igq¡pkuk
¥ iwjs mÙkj Hkkjr esa jch dh iQly (eq[;r% eqf'dy gSA
xsgw¡) iddj rS;kj gS vkSj bldh dVkbZ ¥ orZeku dh pqukSrhiw.kZ fLFkfr esa Hkkjr
(Harvesting) ckdh gSA ysfdu ykWdMkmu ds fu;kZr esa yxHkx pkj ls ik¡p xquk
dh otg ls xsgw¡ tSlh iQlykssa dh dVkbZ dh fxjkoV ntZ dh x;h gSA tgktksa ds
vkokxeu u gksus ds ifj.kkeLo:i Hkkjr
izHkkfor gks ldrh gS] D;ksafd ;s iQlysa
Je xgu (Labour Intensive) gSa vFkkZr~ ds pkoy fu;kZr esa Hkkjh fxjkoV vk;h
budh dVkbZ gsrq Je dh vf/d ek=kk esa gSA Hkkjrh; pkoy ds fu;kZRk esa deh ds
vko';drk gksrh gSA iatkc o gfj;k.kk iQyLo:i FkkbZySaM tSls izfr}anh ns'kksa us
tSls jkT;ksa esa Ñf"k dkiQh gn rd izoklh nf{k.k&iwoZ ,f'k;k ds cktkjksa esa pkoy dh
etnwjksa ij fuHkZj gS vkSj ykWdMkmu dh dherksa esa Hkkjh o`f¼ dh gSA
fLFkfr esa etnwjksa dh xfr'khyrk yxHkx ¥ ekpZ&vizSy ds eghuksa esa vkfnoklh leqnk;
'kwU; gSA vr% xsgw¡ dh dVkbZ izHkkfor gks y?kq ou mRikn (Minor Forest Produce-
ldrh gSA MFP) vkSj xSj&dk"B ou mRikn (Non-
timber Forest Produce-NTFP) ,d=k djrs
¥ Hkkjr esa fdlkuksa us fiNys dqN o"kks± ls
gSaA ykWdMkmu dh fLFkfr esa ;s mRikn Hkh
okf.kfT;d iQlyksa dh [ksrh esa c<+ksÙkjh
udkjkRed :i ls izHkkfor gq, gSaA
dh gS] fdUrq ykWdMkmu dh fLFkfr esa
yksxksa ds jkstxkj /hjs&/hjs fNu jgs gSaA uksV% y?kq ou mRikn vkSj xSj&dk"B ou mRikn esa
beyh] 'kgn] rsanw iÙkk] lky ds iÙks] egqvk ds cht o
bl fLFkfr esa okf.kfT;d iQlyksa dh ek¡x
iwQy] djat ds cht] rstiÙkk vkfn vkrs gSaA vkfnoklh
fuf'pr :i ls de gksxh] vr% buds bu mRiknksa dks ouksa dks fcuk uqdlku igq¡pk;s izkIr
ewY; fxj ldrs gSaA ,sls esa igys ls gh djrs gSaA
?kkVs esa py jgk Ñf"k {ks=k vkSj eqlhcr esa
Hkkjr esa i'kqikyu ,oa bl ij izHkko
iQ¡l ldrk gSA
¥ iQly vkSj isVªksfy;e ds nke ,d&nwljs ¥ Hkkjr tSls fodkl'khy ns'kksa esa i'kq/u] Ñf"k
dk ,d egRoiw.kZ mi&{ks=k gSA ;gh dkj.k
ls vkil esa lacaf/r gksrs gSaA bl le;
oSf'od Lrj ij dPps rsy dh dherksa gS fd Hkkjr dh Ñf"k thMhih esa i'kq/u
esa deh vkus ls Hkkjr esa Hkh isVªksfy;e dh 33» ls vf/d dh Hkkxhnkjh gSA la;qDr
ds nkeksa esa deh ns[kus dks feysxh] vr% jk"Vª [kk| vkSj Ñf"k laxBu (;w,u,iQvks)
bl fLFkfr esa iQlyksa ds Hkh nke de gks ds eqrkfcd Hkkjr esa iwjs fo'o dh lcls
ldrs gSaA cM+h i'kq/u vkcknh gSA
1
 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

fodkl dsUnz ;kstuk

dks vkSj vf/d
lqpk: :i ls ykxw
fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
¥ ljdkj dks
ekuo LokLF; ,oa
i'kq LokLF; ds chp
varlZEcU/ dks lgh
<ax ls igpkudj
^lLVuscy ,fuey
iQkfe±x* ij è;ku nsus
dh vko';drk gSA
¥ jkT;ksa dks
,ih,elh dkuwuksa
esa lq/kj djus dh
vko';drk gS vkSj
O;kikfj;ksa dks lh/s
fdlkuksa ds [ksrksa
ls vukt vkfn dks
¥ Hkkjr i'kqvksa ls izkIr gksus okys mRiknksa cSDVhfj;k dk ekuoksa esa Hkh LFkkukarfjr
[kjhnus dh vkKk ns nsuh pkfg,A
(;Fkk& nw/] ek¡l vkfn) dk u fliQZ cM+s gksus dk [krjk cuk jgrk gSA ;gh dkj.k
iSekus ij mRikn djrk gS cfYd budk Hkkjh gS fd orZeku esa i'kqvksa ds mRikn esa rsth ¥ bZ&uke ;kstuk dk Hkh mfpr fØ;kUo;u
ls fxjkoV vk;h gSA djus dh vko';drk gSA
ek=kk esa fu;kZr Hkh djrk gSA
¥ dbZ fo'ks"kKksa dk ekuuk gS fd dksjksuk lq>ko fu"d"kZ
ok;jl tkuojksa ls euq";ksa esa iQSyk gS ¥ Hkkjr dh fo'kky vkcknh dh [kk|
¥ Hkkjr ljdkj dks jkT; ljdkjksa ,oa
vFkkZr~ ;g ,d twuksfVd ok;jl gS] vr% t:jrksa dks ns[krs gq, Ñf"k {ks=k dk fujarj
LFkkuh; fudk;ksa ds lkFk feydj fdlkuksa
blh ds pyrs Hkkjr esa Mj ds dkj.k izxfr'khy cus jguk vfr vko';d gSA
dks dksfoM&19 o ykWdMkmu dh fLFkfr
i'kqikyu ij udkjkRed izHkko iM+k gSA Ñf"k {ks=k ds mRFkku ls u fliQZ [kk|
ls mckjus gsrq j.kuhfr cukuh pkfg,A
¥ vkt ,xzhfctusl ds rgr lqvj] eqxhZ] vko';drk iwjh gksxh cfYd blls xzkeh.k
¥ ljdkj] fdlkuksa dks vxys lhtu gsrq {ks=k esa ek¡x dk Hkh l`tu gksxk tks Hkkjrh;
eNyh] cdjh] HkSal vkfn dk cM+s iSekus
cM+h ek=kk esa lfClMh miyC/ djk vFkZO;oLFkk ds fy, cgqr t:jh gSA
ij mRiknu fd;k tkrk gSA blds lkFk
ldrh gS rkfd mUgsa Ñf"k vkxrksa ij de
gh budh rhoz xzksFk o chekjh vkfn ds
[kpZ djuk iM+sA
dkj.k bUgsa ,aVhck;ksfVd Hkh nh tkrh lkekU; vè;;u iz'u i=k&3
gSA MCY;w,pvks ds vuqlkj] ,aVhck;ksfVd ¥ iz / kuea = kh fdlku Ldhe ds rgr fdlkuks a
dks izkIr gksus okyh ek=kk dks vkSj vf/d ¥ izR;{k ,oa vizR;{k d`f"k lgk;rk rFkk
nokvksa ds dkj.k ,xzhfctusl ds rgr
c<+k;k tk ldrk gSA blds vfrfjDr U;wure leFkZu ewY; ls lacaf/r fo"k;]
mRikfnr i'kq/u esa jksx izfrjks/h {kerk
Ldhe dks cVkbZnkj fdlkuksa vkSj Hkwfeghu tu forj.k iz.kkyh&mn~ns';] dk;Z]
de gks tkrh gS] bl fLFkfr esa ;s i'kq
[ksfrgj etnwjksa rd Hkh foLrkfjr fd;k lhek,a] lq/kj_ ciQj LVkWd rFkk [kk|
cSDVhfj;k ;k ok;jl ds izfr vf/d
tk ldrk gSA lqj{kk laca/h eqn~ns_ izkS|ksfxdh fe'ku_
laosnu'khy gks tkrs gSa vkSj tc bUgsa
i'kq ikyu laca/h vFkZ'kkL=kA
ekuo lsou djrk gS rc bu ok;jl ,oa ¥ vkfnokfl;ksa dks jkgr igq¡pkus gsrq ou /u

iz- Hkkjrh; Ñf"k dks dksfoM&19 o ykWdMkmu us fdl izdkj izHkkfor fd;k gS\ blls fuiVus gsrq ljdkj dks fdl izdkj ds dne
mBkus pkfg,\ ppkZ djsaA

2 vizSy 2020 A vad&2

 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

2- futh LokLF; {ks=k dh ijh{kk dh ?kM+h

ppkZ dk dkj.k
¥ gky gh esa dksfoM&19 ds c<+rs izHkko dks
ns[krs gq, lqizhe dksVZ us ;g funsZ'k tkjh
fd;k gS fd blls izHkkfor yksxksa dh eqÝr
esa tk¡p dh tk,] blds fy, vko';d
gks rks futh vLirkyksa dh Hkh lgk;rk yh
tk,A
¥ mYys[kuh; gS fd Hkkjr esa vHkh Hkh ljdkjh
vLirkyksa dh O;kidrk mruh ugh gS ftruh
dh vko';drk gS blfy, ;g ekax mB jgh
gS fd futh vLirkyksa dks Hkh vius futh
fgr R;kxdj ljdkj dk lkFk nsuk pkfg,A
ifjp;
dksfoM&19 ,d oSf'od egkekjh gS ftlesa
¥
fo'o ds lHkh ns'k bl egkekjh ls fuiVus
ds fy, fpfdRlh; lek/ku dk iz;kl dj
jgs gSaA ,sls esa Hkkjr tSlh cM+h vkcknh ,oa
fodkl'khy ns'k ds fy, ;g ,d fpark dk
fo"k; cu tkrk gSA
¥ Hkkjr dh fpfdRlk O;oLFkk fodflr ns'kksa
dh rqyuk esa lekukarj ugha gS ,oa bldk
(PSP-Private Sector Providers) ds voyksdu
}kjk iznku dh xbZ lsok] mi;ksxdrkZ ds ¥ futh {ks=k nqfu;k dh vf/dka'k LokLF;
fy, ykxr o 'kks"k.k dk lk/u u cusA iz.kkfy;ksa esa egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkk jgs
dksfoM&19 vkSj Hkkjrh; fpfdRlk gSaA mnkgj.k ds fy, 27 mPp vk; okys
iz.kkyh ns'kksa esa 6 ds ikl izkFkfed fpfdRlk {ks=k
lkoZtfud LokfeRo esa gaS tcfd 21 ns'kksa
jk"Vªh; LokLF; izkf/dj.k us fliQkfj'k
¥
esa izkFkfed ns[kHkky futh {ks=k ds LokfeRo
dh gS fd dksfoM&19 ds ijh{k.k vkSj esa gSaA futh {ks=k mRikn ,oa lsokvksa ds
mipkj ds fy, ih,e&tu vkjksX; ;kstuk ekè;e ls LokLF; {ks=k esa cM+k ;ksxnku
(PM-JAY) dks 'kkfey fd;k tkuk pkfg, nsrs gSa tSls&nok,a] fpfdRlk mRikn] LokLF;
ftlls detksj ,oa xjhc oxZ Hkkjr ljdkj dfeZ;ksa ds fy, izf'k{k.k vkSj lwpuk ,oa
dh chek ds vUrxZr LokLF; lqfo/k dks izkS|ksfxdh dk ewy <+k¡pkA
izkIr dj ldsaxs] ijUrq bl izLrko dks ¥ Hkkjr ds futh {ks=k vR;f/d fo"ke gSA ;s
ljdkj us eatwjh vHkh rd ugha nh gSA ljdkj }kjk izR;{k rkSj ij fu;af=kar ugha
gksrs gaSA futh {ks=k dks miJsf.k;ksa esa oxhZÑr
¥ NÙkhlx<+] jktLFkku] eè; izns'k vkSj
fd;k tk ldrk gS tSls&ykHk vkSj xSj ykHk
vkU/z izns'k] bu pkj jkT;ksa us futh {ks=k ds fy,] vkSipkfjd vkSj vukSipkfjd]
esa dksfoM&19 dk bykt eqÝr esa djus ?kjsyw ,oa fons'khA futh {ks=kksa dh uhfr Li"V
ds fy, uhfr cukbZ gS ijUrq ;g iwjs Hkkjr u gksus ds dkj.k mu ij fu;U=k.k djus dk
esa ugha gSA tcfd orZeku esa egkjk"Vª] vk/kj Hkh ugha jgrk gSA
fnYyh vkSj dsjy jkT;ksa esa dksjksuk ¥ futh {ks=k dh fofu;ked iz.kkyh le`¼ gksus
laØe.k dh la[;k T;knk gSA ds dkj.k orZeku ifjn`'; esa lkoZtfud
dqN jkT;ksa us futh iz;ksx'kkykvksa esa fpfdRlk {ks=k budh lgk;rk ys ldrs gaSA
¥

dksfoM&19 ds ijh{k.k ij vuqnku 2015 ds vè;;u ds vuqlkj] lkoZtfud

dojst Hkh de gSA ,sls esa futh fpfdRlk
dsUnz Hkkjr ds fy, fodYi ds :i esa
izfrfuf/Ro dj ldrs gSaA
lkoZtfud fpfdRlh; {ks=k ds mís';
¥ Hkkjr esa lkoZtfud fpfdRlk {ks=k rhu
mís';ksa dks izkIr djus ds fy, dbZ
¥ Hkkjr viuh GDP dk yxHkx 1 izfr'kr
j.kuhfr;ksa dks izLrqr djrk gSA
ˆ {ks=k (Coverage)% lkoZtfud fpfdRlk
dk ykHk] mRiknksa ,oa lsokvksa ds ekè;e
ls xjhc turk vkSj vfodflr {ks=k rd
dSls igq¡psA
ˆ xq.koÙkk (Quality)% ikjEifjd izFkkvksa
dks de dj vk/qfudh rduhdh ds
ekè;e ls fpfdRlk fdl izdkj lqyHk
gksA
ˆ ykxr (Cost)% lkoZtfud {ks=k dh
ftEesnkjh gS fd og bl ckr dh
fuxjkuh djs fd futh {ks=k iznkrkvksa
(lfClMh) nsus ds uhfr cuk;h gSA
dksfoM&19 ds ijh{k.k dks dsUnz ljdkj
us 4500 :- dk mPprj lhek fu/kZfjr
fd;k gS ijUrq ;g fiNM+s o xjhcksa ds
fy, oguh; ugha gSA
LokLF; lqj{kk ij [kpZ djrk gSA tkWu
gkWifdUl ds fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj Hkkjr esa ¥ orZeku ifjn`'; esa Hkkjr esa dksfoM&19 ls
20]000 osUVhysVj miyC/ gSA ,sls esa
ljdkj dksjksuk&19 egkekjh ls ;q¼ ds
fy, futh fpfdRlk dsanzksa ls lgk;rk
ysdj budh la[;k c<+k ldrh gSA fo'o
LokLF; 'kks/ laLFkk (World health
Research Organization) ds vuqlkj 1-3
fcfy;u tula[;k okys ns'k esa dksfoM&19
ls fuiVus ds fy, 1 fefy;u (10 yk[k)
osUVhysVj gksuk pkfg,A tcfd budh
la[;k dkiQh de gSA
fpfdRlk {ks=k esa Hkkjr esa izfr 10]000
vkcknh ij yxHkx 20 LokLF; deZpkjh gSa]
ftlesa 31% ,yksiSfFkd MkWDVj] 30% ulZ ,oa
nkbZ] 11% iQkekZflLV] 9% vk;q"k fpfdRld
vkSj vU; 16% gSaA HkkSxksfyd vk/kj ij ns[ksa
rks mÙkj Hkkjr dh fLFkfr] nf{k.k Hkkjr dh
rqyuk esa rks vkSj fuEu gSA ;gk¡ rks LokLF;
dk;ZdrkZvksa dk ?kuRo dkiQh de gSA
Hkkjr tSls ns'k esa eè;e ;k xaHkhj ekeyksa esa
o`f¼ gqbZ rks lEHkor% Hkkjr dh lkoZtfud
LokLF; iz.kkyh vleFkZ gks ldrh gSA
bldk eq[; dkj.k Hkkjr ds lkoZtfud
fpfdRlk {ks=k esa lhfer lalk/u rFkk lhfer
rduhdh fo'ks"kKrk gSA bu phtksa dks è;ku
esa j[kdj dsUnz ljdkj ,oa jkT; ljdkjksa
dks lkoZHkkSfed LokLF; lsok,a iznku djus
vkSj lHkh dksfoM&19 ihfM+rksa ds fy, eqÝr
fpfdRlk miyC/ djkus dh ftEesnkjh ysuh
gksxhA

vizSy 2020 A vad&2 3


¥ ftl rsth ls dksjksuk ihfM+rksa dh la[;k
fo'o esa c<+ jgh gS oSls vxj Hkkjr
esa c<+h rks lkoZtfud LokLF; iz.kkyh
lEHkor% foiQy gks ldrh gSA dksjksuk
ok;jl tSlh egkekjh ds fy, Hkkjr dks
orZeku esa futh vLirkyksa dh lgk;rk
ysuk ,d fodYi gks ldrk gS] ftlls
futh {ks=k esa miyC/ {kerk dk nksgu
gks ldsA
ljdkjh iz;kl
¥ bruh cM+h egkekjh ls fuiVus ds fy,
Hkkjr ljdkj us dqN egÙoiw.kZ dne
mBk,a gSa&
ˆ dsUnzh; ljdkj us COVID-19 ls fuiVus
ds fy, futh gksVy dks dksjksUVkbu esa
cnyus dh igy dh xbZ gSA
ˆ futh O;kolkf;d vLirky ,oa
iz;ksx'kkyk] dksjksuk egkekjh dh vof/
rd (lhfer le; ds fy,) ljdkj
ds fu;a=k.k esa jgsxsaA
ˆ orZeku esa Hkkjr ljdkj us ^vkjksX;
lsrq ,Ii* ykap fd;k gS ftlds }
kjk dksfoM&19 ls lacaf/r cpko dk
lykg fn;k tk jgk gSA
iz- fo'o eas c<+rs dksfoM&19 laØe.k ls fuiVus ds fy, Hkkjrh; fpfdRlk {ks=k dgk¡ rd l{ke gS\ mYys[k djsaA
4 vizSy 2020
¥ eè;e ,oa xaHkhj dksjksuk ikWthfVo jksfx;ksa
dk bykt futh vLirkyks esa Hkkjr vkxs dh jkg
ljdkj ds fuxjkuh esa gksxkA LokLF; ¥ ,d vPNh fpfdRlk lqfo/k dh igq¡p
ea=kky; ekud ,oa izekf.kd bykt ds
fy, izfrc¼ jgsxhA
¥ gky gh esa Hkkjr us nqfu;k dk lcls lLrk
osUVhysVj cuk;k gS ftldk uke 'AgVa' ¥ Hkkjr dks ,d jk"Vªh; uhfr fuekZ.k djus
gSA bldk fuekZ.k c<+kus ds fy, ljdkj
iz;kljr gSA
dksjksuk ds fo:¼ vU; ns'k
¥ Lisu% dksjksuk egkekjh ds izHkko dks ns[krs ¥ jk"Vªh; vkink dks ns[krs gq, futh vLirkyksa
gq, Lisu us lcls igys futh vLirky
,oa iz;ksx'kkykvksa dks lhfer vof/ ds
fy, vius fu;a=k.k esa fy;kA
¥ fczVsu% fczVsu ljdkj us dksjksuk ihfM+rksa
dh c<+rh la[;k dks ns[kdj jk"Vªh;
LokLF; laLFkku ij vf/d ncko cuk;kA
dksjksuk ihfM+rksa dks dksjsUVkbu esa j[kus ds ¥
fy, vfrfjDr csM vkSj vke lalk/uksa
dks fdjk, ij eaxk;kA
¥ nf{k.k dksfj;k% iQjojh ds var rd
nf{k.k dksfj;k phu ds ckn dksjksuk dsl
esa nwljs ik;nku ij FkkA nf{k.k dksfj;k
fVªiy 'T' voèkkj.kk (Tracking, Testing
and Treatment) esa rsth yk;kA ogk¡
lelkef;dh : Perfect 7
igys 10]000 jkst VsLV gksrs
Fks ijUrq ekpZ ls 20]000 VsLV
gksus yxasA
¥ rkbZ o ku% phu ls lVs
rkbZoku esa ns[kk x;k gS fd
;g dksjksuk dks ysdj dkiQh
laosnu'khy gSA ;gk¡ laØe.k
dslksa dh la[;k cgqr de
gSA dksfoM&19 ij fu;a=k.k
ds fy, lsuk cVkfy;u dks
lSusVkbt djus ds fy, mrkj
fn;k x;k gSA Ldwyksa esa Nk=kksa
,oa f'k{kdksa lHkh dks ekLd
yxkdj vkuk vfuok;Z dj
fn;k x;k gSA
Hkkjr ds dbZ nwjLFk LFkkuksa rd ugha gSA
ogk¡ NksVs&NksVs dsUnz cukdj dksjksuk dh
tk¡p ,oa bykt vR;Ur vko';d gSA
dh t:jr gS ftlls ljdkjh o futh
laLFkkuksa esa dksfoM&19 dk eqÝr esa
ijh{k.k ,oa bykt gks ldsA
dks Hkh fcuk fdlh ftuh LokFkZ ds bl
fcekjh ls yM+us ds fy, ljdkj dk
gjlaHko lkFk nsuk pkfg,] ftlls fd Hkkjr
bl fcekjh ij iw.kZr% fot; izkIr dj ldsA
lkekU; vè;;u iz'u i=k&2
ljdkjh uhfr;ksa vkSj fofHkUu {ks=kksa esa
fodkl ds fy, gLr{ksi vkSj muds
vfHkdYiu rFkk dk;kZUo;u ds dkj.k
mRiUu eqn~nsA
¥ LokLF;] f'k{kk] ekuo lalk/uksa ls
lacaf/r lkekftd {ks=k@ lsokvksa ds
fodkl vkSj izca/u ls lacaf/r eqn~nsA
A vad&2
 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

3- Hkkjr&phu laca/ksas dh 70oha o"kZxk¡B

ppkZ dk dkj.k ¥ xkSjryc gS fd 1950 ds n'kd esa] nksuksa ns'kksa dh ek=kk 92-68 fcfy;u MkWyj FkhA
us la;qÙkQ :i ls ^'kkafriw.kZ lg&vfLrRo ds ¥ 1]000 ls vf/d phuh daifu;ksa us Hkkjr esa
gky gh esa Hkkjr vkSj phu us COVID-19 egkekjh
ik¡p fl¼karksa* (Five Principles of Peaceful vkS|ksfxd ikdks±] bZ&dkWelZ vkSj vU; {ks=kksa
ds dkj.k vius jktuf;d laca/ksa dh 70oha Coeñistence) dh odkyr dh FkhA bl esa viuk fuos'k c<+k;k gS] ftlesa 200]000
o"kZxk¡B eukus ds fy, fu/kZfjr lHkh dk;ZØe çdkj 1 vçSy] 1950 dks Hkkjr&phu ds LFkkuh; ukSdfj;ka iSnk gqbZ gSaA
dks LFkfxr dj fn;k gSA gkykafd nksuksa ns'kksa ds eè; jktuf;d laca/ LFkkfir fd;s x,A
usrkvksa us c/kbZ lans'kksa dk vknku&çnku fd;kA ¥ Hkkjr esa 'kh"kZ 5 LekVZiQksu f'kiesaV esa ls 4]
fganh phuh HkkbZ HkkbZ¸ ml le; ls ,d phuh czkaM ds LekVZiQksu Hkkjrh; yksxksa esa
ifjp; rfd;k dyke (catchphrase) cu xbZ gSA yksdfç; gSaA
¥ Hkkjr ,f'k;k dk igyk xSj&lkE;oknh ns'k Hkkjr&phu ds chp lg;ksx ¥ Hkkjrh; daifu;ka Hkh phu ds cktkj esa
Fkk ftlus ihiYl fjifCyd vkWiQ pkbuk ds ¥ jktuf;d laca/ % dksjksuk ladV ds lfØ; :i ls foLrkj dj jgh gSa] ftlesa
lkFk jktuf;d laca/ LFkkfir fd,A vkt ckotwn nksuksa ns'kksa us dgk gS fd muds phu esa yxHkx 1 fcfy;u vesfjdh MkWyj
lhek eqíksa tSlh leL;kvksa ds ckotwn nksuksa laca/ xeZtks'kh ls Hkjs jgsaxs vkSj oSf'od dk lap;h fuos'k gSA Hkkjrh; vkadM+ksa ds
ns'kksa ds etcwr O;kikfjd laca/ gSaA çfrfØ;kvksa dk çHkko nksuksa ns'kksa ds vkilh vuqlkj] phu esa fuos'k djus okyh nks&frgkbZ
¥ uoacj 2019 esa 70 lky ds jktuf;d laca/ksa ij ugha iM+sxkA blds vykok nksuksa ls vf/d Hkkjrh; daifu;ka yxkrkj equkiQk
laca/ksa dh Le`fr dks eukus ds fy, nksuksa ns'kksa ds chp mPp&Lrjh; ;k=kkvksa dk dek jgh gSaA
ns'k 70 xfrfof/;ksa dks vafre :i nsus ds flyflyk tkjh jgk gSA ¥ phu vkSj Hkkjr us cqfu;knh <kaps] mPp
fy, lger gq,A ;g fu.kZ; jk"Vªifr 'kh ¥ vFkZO;oLFkk vkSj O;kikj% yach vof/ ds çkS|ksfxdh] ÅtkZ laj{k.k vkSj i;kZoj.k
ftax fiax vkSj ç/kuea=kh eksnh ds nwljs n`f"Vdks.k dks viukrs gq, nksuksa ns'kksa us LFkwy laj{k.k] ÅtkZ vkSj fpfdRlk ij O;kid
vukSipkfjd f'k•j lEesyu ds nkSjku fy;k vkfFkZd eqíksa ij leUo; ds fy, rFkk xjhch vkfFkZd uhfr;ksa dk vknku&çnku djus vkSj
x;k FkkA 70 çfl¼ xfrfof/;ksa esa O;kikj ds mUewyu esa rFkk laiks"k.kh; 'kgjhdj.k ds O;kogkfjd vkfFkZd vkSj O;kikj lg;ksx
lao/Zu dk;ZØe] lSU; vknku&çnku vkSj l`tu esa laxr fodklkRed vuqHkoksa dks dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, j.kuhfrd&vkfFkZd
lkaLÑfrd vkSj /kfeZd xfrfof/;ka 'kkfey lk>k djus ds fy, ,d lkefjd vkfFkZd laoknksa ds 6 nkSj vk;ksftr fd, gSaA
FkhaA okrkZ dks Hkh 'kq: fd;k gSA ¥ foKku vkSj rduhd% phu vkSj Hkkjr us
¥ nksuksa ns'kksa us vusd pqukSfr;ksa ds ckotwn ¥ orZeku esa Hkkjr vkSj phu ds chp gksus çkS|ksfxdh gLrkarj.k] lg;ksxkRed uokpkj
vius laca/ksa dks lkekU; j•us laca/h ,f'k;k okyk O;kikj c<+dj yxHkx 100 fcfy;u vkSj fuos'k ds eqíksa ij xgjh #fp fn•kbZ
dh nks mRFkku'khy egk'kfÙkQ;ksa ds ladYi MkWyj (32 xquk) gks x;k gSA o"kZ 2019 esa gSA Hkkjrh; daifu;ksa us phu esa 3 vkbZVh
dks js•kafdr djrs gaSA Hkkjr rFkk phu ds chp gksus okyk O;kikj dkWfjMksj LFkkfir fd, gSa] tks lwpuk
çkS|ksfxdh vkSj mPp çkS|ksfxdh
esa phu&Hkkjr lg;ksx dks c<+kok
nsus esa enn djrs gSaA
¥ phu vkSj Hkkjr us uhfr
leUo; vkSj lwpuk lk>kdj.k dks
etcwr djus ds fy, phu&Hkkjr
la;qÙkQ lfefr dh 6 nkSj dh
cSBdsa vk;ksftr dh gSa lkFk gh
oSKkfudksa ds vknku&çnku vkSj
la;qÙkQ vuqla/ku ifj;kstukvksa ij
lg;ksx dks Hkh c<+kok fn;k gSA
¥ j{kk {ks=k% phu vkSj Hkkjr us
vkilh le> vkSj fo'okl c<+kus]
o ¶vkradokn fojks/h {kerkvksa
dks la;qÙkQ :i ls csgrj cukus
ds fy, gSaM&bu&gSaM (Hand -in-

vizSy 2020 A vad&2 5


Hand) uked vH;kl 8 ckj vk;ksftr
fd, gSaA
¥ ihiqy&Vw&ihiqy ,Dlpsat% Hkkjr vkSj
phu] 'ka?kkbZ lg;ksx laxBu f'k•j
lEesyu ds ekSds ij ihiqy&Vw&ihiqy
,Dlpsat tSlk ra=k cukus dk iQSlyk
fd;k FkkA 2020 esa phu vkSj Hkkjr ds
chp jktuf;d laca/ksa dh LFkkiuk dh
70 oha o"kZxkaB o"kZ ds lkFk gh ;g
phu&Hkkjr lkaLÑfrd vkSj yksxksa ls yksxksa
dk vknku&çnku dk o"kZ Hkh gSA
¥ nksuksa ns'kksa us flLVj uxjksa (Sister
Citie) rFkk çkarksa ds 14 tksM+s LFkkfir
fd;s gSaiQqft;ku çkar vkSj rfeyukMq dks
flLVj çkarksa ds :i esa tcfd fpu>ksÅ
(Quanzhou) ,oa psUubZ dks flLVj
uxjksa ds :i esa fodflr fd;k tk,xkA
¥ gj gÝrs nksuksa ns'kksa ds çeq• 'kgjksa dks
tksM+us okyh 134 mM+kusa gSa] ftuesa ls phu
esa Hkkjr ds fy, 94 mM+kusa gSa vkSj Hkkjr
esa phu ds fy, 40 mM+kusa gSa
nksuksa ns'kksa ds chp fookn ds eqís
¥ Hkkjr vkSj phu ds chp gkfy;k dqN
o"kks± esa vkfFkZd laca/ksa esa lq/kj gqvk
gS ysfdu nksuksa ns'kksa ds chp lhek ds
fookfnr Hkkxksa ij ruko cjdjkj gSA Hkkjr
vkSj phu ds chp jktuhfrd ,oa vkfFkZd
laca/ lq/jus ds ckotwn v#.kkpy çns'k
dks ysdj 4]057 fdyksehVj yach lk>k
lhek ij ruko cjdjkj gSA bl {ks=k ds vkxs dh jkg
ckjs esa phu dk nkok gS fd ;g frCcr ¥ orZeku esa] phu&Hkkjr laca/ ,d u,
dk fgLlk gSA blds vykok frCcrh iBkj çkjafHkd fcanq ij •M+s gSa vkSj u, voljksa
iz- D;k vki bl dFku ls lger gSa fd lhek eqíksa tSlh leL;kvksa ds ckotwn Hkkjr vkSj phu
laca/ gSa\ vius mÙkj ds i{k esa rdZ nhft,A
6 vizSy 2020
ds if'peh Nksj fLFkr vDlkbZ fpu {ks=k
dks ysdj Hkh fookn cjdjkj gSA
¥ ebZ 2016 esa ,u,lth dh lnL;rk ds
fy, Hkkjr ds vthZ nsus ds ckn ls phu
bl ckr ij tksj nsrk jgk gS fd ijek.kq
vçlkj laf/ (,uihVh) ij gLrk{kj djus
okys ns'kksa dks gh ,u,lth esa ços'k
dh btktr nh tkuh pkfg,A pwafd Hkkjr
us ,uihVh ij gLrk{kj ugha fd;k gS
blfy, phu dk bl eqís ij Hkkjr ds çfr
utfj;k larks"ktud ugha gSA
¥ Hkkjr yacs le; ls la;qÙkQ jk"Vª lqj{kk
ifj"kn esa LFkk;h lnL;rk dh ekax dj
jgk gS fdUrq phu us Hkkjr dh la;qÙkQ
jk"Vª lqj{kk ifj"kn esa LFkk;h lnL;rk ds
nkos dks derj djus dk ç;kl djrs
gq, dbZ ckj dgk gS fd bl eqís ij cM+s
enHksn gSaA
¥ phu&ikfdLrku vkfFkZd xfy;kjs (China
Pakistan Economic Corridor& CPEC)
dk fojks/ Hkkjr djrk jgk gSA Hkkjr
¥ vr% orZeku esa Hkkjr] phu dh vkfFkZd
ds fy, ckaXykns'k&phu&Hkkjr&E;kaekj
(chlhvkbZ,e) xfy;kjk O;kogkfjd ugha
gS] tks vkschvksvkj dk fgLlk gS vkSj phu
bl ij gLrk{kj djus ds fy, Hkkjr ij
ncko Mky jgk gSA blds vykok Hkkjr
dk ekuuk gS fd vkschvksvkj (One Belt
One Road) dks ftu {ks=kksa ls xqtjuk gS]
mu {ks=kksa esa O;kIr jktuhfrd vfLFkjrk ds
dkj.k Hkw&jktuhfrd •rjksa dh leL;k,a
vkSj Hkh c<+us dh vk'kadk gSA
lelkef;dh : Perfect 7
dh 'kq:vkr dj jgs gSaA nksuksa ns'kksa dks
viuh gtkjksa o"kks± dh lH;rkvksa ls Kku
çkIr djuk pkfg, vkSj iM+kslh ns'kksa vkSj
mHkjrs gq, çeq• ns'kksa ds fy, ¶ijLij
fo'okl c<+kus] lg;ksx ij è;ku dsafær
djus] erHksnksa dks çcaf/r djus vkSj
lkekU; fodkl dh ryk'k¸ djus ds
fy, ,d&nwljs ds lkFk vkus dk jkLrk
ryk'kuk pkfg,A nksuksa ns'kksa dks vrhr
ls dqN çsj.kk ysdj fuEu dne m<+kus
pkfg,&
ˆ us r kvks a ds j.kuhfrd ekxZn'kZu dk
ikyu djsaA
ˆ eS = khiw . kZ lg;ks x dh lkekU; ço` f Ùk dks
le>saA
ˆ ikjLifjd :i ls ykHkdkjh lg;ks x
dh xfr dk foLrkj djukA
ˆ va r jkZ " Vª h ; vkSj {ks=kh; ekeyksa ij
leUo; dks c<+kukA
ˆ Bhd ls erHks n ks a dk çca / uA
o`f¼ rFkk fojkV cqfu;knh <kapk cukus
esa mlds fjdkWMZ dh vuns•h ugha dj
ldrk blfy, csgrj Hkfo"; rFkk ekuo
tkfr ds lk>k Hkfo"; ds fuekZ.k esa Hkkjr
dks phu ds lkFk dh t:jr gSA
lkekU; vè;;u iz'u i=k&2
¥ Hkkjr ,oa blds iM+kslh&laaca/A
¥ f}i{kh;] {ks=kh; vkSj oSf'od lewg
vkSj Hkkjr ls lacaf/r vkSj@ vFkok
Hkkjr ds fgrksa dks izHkkfor djus okys
le>kSrsA
ds chp etcwr
A vad&2
 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7
4- egkekjh ds le; ,d oSf'od usr`Ro dk vHkko
ppkZ dk dkj.k
¥ dksfoM&19 egkekjh vkt iwjs fo'o dks
xaHkhj :i ls izHkkfor dj jgh gS] ysfdu
blls fuiVus gsrq oSf'od usr`Ro vis{kkÑr
viuh Hkwfedk ugha fuHkk ik jgk gSA
¥ gkykafd vHkh gky gh esa th&20 xqzi ds
lnL; ns'kksa ds chp ohfM;ksa dkaizQsaflax
}kjk opqZvy lfeV lEiUu gqbZ] fdUrq
fo'ks"kK bls ukdkeh crk jgs gSaA
ifjp;
¥ dksfoM&19 egkekjh phu ds oqgku 'kgj
ls izkjEHk gksdj cM+h rsth ls iwjs fo'o
esa iQSy x;hA vkt iwjh ekuo lH;rk dks
dksjksuk ok;jl ds laØe.k dk [krjk cuk
gqvk gSA
¥ fofHkUu ns'kksa us vius&vius ;gk¡
ykWdMkmu yxk j[kk gS rkfd lkekftd
nwjh (Social Distancing) dk ikyu fd;k
tk lds vkSj dksfoM&19 egkekjh ls
fuiVk tk ldsA
¥ vkt iwjk fo'o vkil esa dkiQh ?kfu"B
:i ls lacaf/r gSA fdlh ,d ns'k esa
leL;k mRiUu gksus ij vU; ns'k blls
vNwrs ugha jg ldrs gSaA bldk lcls
cM+k vkSj Toyar mnkgj.k dksfoM&19
egkekjh gh gSA
oSf'od usr`Ro ds foiQy gksus ds dkj.k
¥ fo'ks"kKksa dk ekuuk gS fd dksfoM&19
dh egkekjh ls fuiVus esa vHkh fiQygky
oSf'od usr`Ro foiQy utj vk jgk gS]
ftlds fuEufyf[kr dkj.k gSa&
ˆ fo'o es a vkt fofHkUu ns ' kks a es a jk"Vª o knh
ljdkjsa gSa] tks oSf'od fgrksa dks rkd ij
j[kdj viuss ladh.kZ fgrksa dh iwfrZ esa
yxh jgrh gSa vFkkZr~ muds }kjk ladh.kZ
jk"Vªokn (Narrow Nationalism) ij
vf/d cy fn;k tkrk gSA fo'ks"kKksa
}kjk bldk ,d mnkgj.k vesfjdk dk
isfjl tyok;q le>kSrk ls vyx gksuk
crk;k tkrk gSA
ˆ orZ e ku esa cgqi{kh; laxBu
(;Fkk&la;qDr jk"Vª la?k] fo'o LokLF;
vizSy 2020 A vad&2
laxBu vkfn) gkfk'k;s ij pys x;s gSa ¥ fo'o ds vf/dka'k ns'kksa esa LokLF; <k¡pk
vFkkZr~ budh izklafxdrk de gqbZ gS dkiQh [kjkc fLFkfr esa gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa
vkSj ;s oSf'od pqukSfr;ksa ls fuiVus dksjksuk ok;jl ls fuiVuk dkiQh pqukSrhiw.kZ
esa foiQy lkfcr gks jgs gSaA la;qDr gksxkA
jk"Vª la?k (;w,uvks) dh fo'ks"kK ,tsalh lq>ko
^fo'o LokLF; laxBu* (MCY;w,pvks)
¥ th&20 xzqi ,slk IysViQkeZ gS tgk¡ fofHkUu
ij ,sls vkjksi Hkh yxk jgs gSa fd ;g
ns'k dksfoM&19 egkekjh ls fuiVus gsrq
phu dh dBiqryh gSA MCY;w,pvks dh
vklkuh ls vkil esa lg;ksx dj ldrs
u fliQZ {kerk ij loky mB jgs gSa
gSa D;ksafd ;gk¡ ukSdj'kkgh okyh ck/k,¡
cfYd mldh fu"i{krk ,oa ikjnf'kZrk
(Bureaucratic Hurdles) ugha gSaA tcfd
ij Hkh lansg gSA vkt tc MCY;w,pvks
blds foijhr ;w,uvks vkSj MCY;w,pvks
dks dksfoM&19 ls fuiVus esa lcls
vkfn laxBuksa esa dkiQh C;wjksdsfVd ck/k,¡
vkxs gksuk pkfg, rc bldh lR;fu"Bk
gS] tks dksjksuk ok;jl ls rhoz xfr ls
(Integrity) ij loky mBuk dkiQh
fuiVus esa pqukSrh mRiUu djrh gSaA
nq[kniw.kZ gSA KkrO; gS fd ;w,l, ,oa
vU; fo'ks"kKksa us MCY;w,pvks ij vkjksi ¥ fo'o ds fofHkUu ns'kksa dks pkfg, fd
yxk;k gS fd mlus phu ij le; jgrs ykWdMkmu ds njE;ku Hkh t:jh oLrqvksa
ncko ugha Mkyk fd og dksfoM&19 ls ,oa lsokvksa (;Fkk&nok] [kk| lkexzh
lacf/r lgh tkudkjh miyC/ djk;sA vkfn) dh vkiwfrZ Ük`a[yk izHkkfor u
gks] D;ksafd bl oS'ohdj.k ds ;qx esa
pqukSfr;k¡ ,d ns'k esa budk mRiknu] foi.ku vkfn
¥ th&20 xqzi dh opqZvy lfeV ds nkSjku] ;g izHkkfor gqvk rks mldk vlj vU; ns'kksa
?kks"k.kk dh x;h fd dksfoM&19 egkekjh esa Hkh gksxkA
ls oSf'od vFkZO;oLFkk ds le{k mRiUu ¥ ftu ns'kksa (;Fkk&phu] tkiku] nf{k.k
pqukSfr;ksa ls fuiVus ds fy, ik¡p fVªfy;u dksfj;k vkfn) us dksfoM&19 ij dkiQh
MkWyj dk iQaM cuk;k tk;sxkA fo'ks"kKksa gn rd dkcw ik fy;k] mUgsa vU; ns'kksa
dk ekuuk gS fd oSf'od vFkZO;oLFkk ds dh Hkh enn djuh pkfg, D;ksafd ;fn
fy, ;g jkf'k ukdkiQh gS vkSj dksfoM&19 dgha Hkh dksjksuk dk laØe.k cpk jgk rks
egkekjh ls fliQZ iSlk ns djds ;k yxk og fiQj ls iwjs fo'o dks izHkkfor dj
djds ugha fuiVk tk ldrk gSA ldrk gSA
¥ oSf'od vFkZO;oLFkk T;knk fnuksa rd ¥ fo'o ds fofHkUu ns'kksa dks vkil esa izekf.kd
ykWdMkmu dks ugha lg ldrh gS] ysfdu tkudkjh ikjnf'kZrk ds lkFk lk>k djuh
orZeku dh fLFkfr;ksa dks ns[krs gq, fiQygky pkfg,] mnkgj.k ds fy, dksjksuk ok;jl
blesa jkgr dh de mEehn fn[k jgh gSA ls laØfer O;fDr dks ;fn gkbMªkWDlh
¥ vHkh dksjksuk ok;jl dh oSDlhu fodflr &DyksjksDohu tSlh dksbZ nok iQk;nk dj
ugha gqbZ gSA blls cpko gsrq yksx lkekftd jgh gS rks bldh tkudkjh lHkh dks
nwjh dk gh ikyu dj jgs gSa] ysfdu miyC/ djkuh pkfg,A
lkekftd nwjh dk lgh <ax ls ykxw dj ¥ vHkh fofHkUu ns'k vius ;gk¡ mipkj dh
ikuk eqf'dy dk;Z gS ([kkldj Hkkjr tSls nok fodflr djus esa yxs gq, gSaA ;fn
fo'kky tula[;k okys ns'kksa esa)A lHkh ns'k feydj bl fn'kk esa ,d lkFk
¥ oSf'od usr`Ro ds ikl dksfoM&19 vkxs c<+sxs rks liQyrk tYnh fey ldrh
egkekjh ls fuiVus gsrq dksbZ O;kid gSA
;kstuk ugha gS vkSj u gh bl fn'kk esa ¥ oSf'od usr`Ro dks dksjksuk ok;jl ls
dksbZ mYys[kuh; iz;kl fn[kkbZ ns jgs gSaA fuiVus gsrq LokLF; deZpkfj;ksa ,oa
7
 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

vU; fo'ks"kKksa dh ,d oSf'od izf'kf{kr fu"d"kZ vkSj lkdZ laxBu dh opqZvy lfeV esa
lsuk (Global Trained Army) rS;kj djuh iz/kuea=kh us lfØ; Hkwfedk fuHkkdj
¥ dksfoM&19 tSlh egkekfj;k¡ u rks jax]
pkfg,A blds fy, LokLF; dfeZ;ksa] mYys[kuh; dk;Z fd;k gS] ysfdu bls
tkfr] /eZ] fyax vkfn dks ns[krh gS vkSj
fo'ks"kKksa vkfn dh ,d ns'k ;k {ks=k ls vkSj vf/d c<+kus dh vko';drk gSA
u gh fdlh ns'k dh jk"Vªh; lhekvksa dh
nwljs ns'k ;k {ks=k esa vklku xfr'khyrk
ijokg djrh gSaA blfy, vkt gesa bl lkekU; vè;;u iz'u i=k&2
lqfuf'pr djuh pkfg,A
egkekjh ls fuiVus gsrq lkewfgd iz;kl ¥ lhekorhZ {ks=kksa esa lqj{kk pqukSfr;ka ,oa
¥ oSf'od usr`Ro dks Hkw[k o dqiks"k.k ij
djus dh vko';drk gS rkfd uqdlku mudk izca/u&laxfBr vijk/ vkSj
Hkh iSuh utj j[kuh gksxh rkfd buds
dks de ls de fd;k tk ldsA vkradokn ds chp laca/A
}kjk fLFkfr vkSj fcxkM+us u ik;sA xkSjryc
gS fd fodkl'khy o xjhc ns'kksa dh ¥ Hkkjr tSls ns'kksa dks dksfoM&19 egkekjh ¥ fofHkUu lqj{kk cy vkSj laLFkk,a rFkk
Xykscy gaxj&baMsDl esa fLFkfr dkiQh ls fuiVus gsrq oSf'od usr`Ro esa vkxs muds vf/ns'kA
fujk'kktud jgrh gSA vkuk pkfg,A gkykafd bl fn'kk esa th&20

iz- dksfoM&19 egkekjh ls fuiVus esa vHkh rd oSf'od usr`Ro us fdl izdkj dh Hkwfedk vnk dh gS\ vkykspukRed ijh{k.k
dhft,A

5- tSfod gfFk;kj lEesyu% etcwr lgHkkfxrk dh vko';drk

ppkZ dk dkj.k
¥ gky gh esa Hkkjr ljdkj us fo'o esa lkewfgd
fouk'k ds tSfod gfFk;kjksa (Biological
Weapons) ds mRiknu ij dM+s izfrca/
yxkus ij cy fn;k gSA
ifjp;
Hkkjr ljdkj ds fons'k ea=kky; us ^tSfod ¥ orZeku esa tSfod ;k fo"kkDr gfFk;kj
¥
vkSj fo"kkDr gfFk;kj lEesyu* (Biological
and Toxin Weapons Convention-BTWC)
dh 45oha o"kZxk¡B ij dksjksuk ok;jl vkSj
blds oSf'od izHkko dk mYys[k djrs gq,
dgk fd tSfod vkSj fo"kkDr gfFk;kjksa ds
mRiknu] forj.k o iz;ksx ij l[r izfrca/
yxkus dh vko';drk gSA
¥ fons'k ea=kky; us bl ij cy fn;k gS fd
vkt fo'o dks dksfoM&19 (COVID-19)
tSlh egkekjh ls fuiVuk gS rks ,d lkFk
iz;kl djus dh vko';drk gS] bu iz;klksa
esa ls ,d chVhMCY;wlh ds izko/kuksa dk
mfpr fØ;kUo;u djuk gSA
¥ è;krO; gS fd Hkkjr ^tSfod vkSj fo"kkDr
gfFk;kj lEesyu* ds lnL; ns'kksa ds lkFk ¥ tSfodh; ;q¼ ds iz;kl ds mnkgj.kksa
feydj tSfod vkSj fo"kkDr gfFk;kjksa ls
lacaf/r MkVkcsl rS;kj dj jgk gS tks
tSo&[krjksa vkSj tSo&vkikr fLFkfr;ksa ls
fuiVus esa egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkk ldrk gSA
tSfod vkSj fo"kkDr gfFk;kj D;k gSa\
¥ cSDVhfj;k] ok;jl] iQaxl ,oa vU; fo"kkDr
laØe.kdkjh rRo ftudk mi;ksx ;q¼ esa
ujlagkj ds fy, fd;k tkrk gS mUgsa tSfod
vkSj fo"kkDr gfFk;kj ds :i esa tkuk tkrk
gSA
ds fuekZ.k gsrq yxHkx 200 izdkj ds
thok.kq] fo"kk.kq] iQaiQwn ,oa vU; fo"kkDr
dhVk.kq i;kZoj.k esa ekStwn gSaA ,UFkzsDl]
Iysx] cksVM~<wfyTe] lkjeksysyk] Vwysjhfe;k]
XySUMj] tSls [krjukd tho blesa 'kkfey
gSaA
¥ dbZ okgd ikmMj ds :i esa gksrs gSaA bUgsa
vklkuh ls ikuh ;k gok esa NksM+k tk ldrk
gS ;k fdlh ds Hkkstu esa feyk;k tk ldrk
gSA ;s 24 ?k.Vs ds vUnj izk.kh vkSj oU;
thoksa dh tku ys ldrs gSaA
tSfod ,oa fo"kkDr gfFk;kjksa dk ;q¼ esa ¥
mi;ksx
ls bfrgkl Hkjk iM+k gSA izkphu dky esa pqukSfr;k¡
eslksiksVkfe;k ds vLlwj lkezkT; ds yksxksa ¥ ;fn ;s tSfod gfFk;kj vkradokfn;ksa ds
us 'k=kqvksa ds ikuh ihus ds dqvksa esa ,d
fo"kkDr dod Mky fn;k FkkA
¥ eè;dky esa eaxksyksa }kjk laØfer i'kq 'kjhjksa
dks 'k=kq jkT; ds ty lzksrksa esa Myokdj
laØfer djus ds dbZ vk[;ku feyrs gSaA
¥ tSfodh; gfFk;kjksa dk fodflr :i esa
iz;ksx teZu lSfudksa }kjk izFke fo'o ;q¼
esa ,aFkszDl rFkk XySaMlZ ds thok.kqvksa }kjk
fd;k x;kA
f}rh; fo'o ;q¼ ds njE;ku tkikuh iQkSt
¥
us phu ij dbZ tSfod rFkk fo"kkDr gfFk;kjksa
ls geyk fd;k FkkA blls yk[kksa ukxfjd
Iysx rFkk gStk ls ihfM+r gq, FksA
¥ ukth teZuksa ds tSfodh; gfFk;kjksa ds
laHkkfor [krjs dk izR;qÙkj nsus ds fy,
la;qDr jkT; vesfjdk (;w,l,)] ;wukbVsM
fdaxMe rFkk dukMk us lu~ 1941 esa
tSodh; gfFk;kj fodkl djus ds la;qDr
dk;ZØe ij ,d lkFk dk;Z fd;k rFkk
,aFkszDl] cqzlsyksfll ,oa cksVqfyul ds fo"kSys
tSo gfFk;kj rS;kj fd;s ijUrq ckn esa ;g
laHkkfor Hk; dh ,d vfrjaftr izfrfØ;k
gh fl¼ gqbZA
lu~ 2001 esa vkradokfn;ksa }kjk la;qDr jkT;
vesfjdk esa ,aFkzsDl ds dbZ vkØe.k fd;s
x;sA
gkFk yx x;s rks blls lewph ekuo lH;rk
dks [krjk iSnk gks tk;sxkA

8 vizSy 2020 A vad&2

 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7
¥ tSfod gfFk;kj dk iz;ksx Hkys gh ,d ns'k
;k lewg }kjk nwljs ns'k ;k lewg ij fd;k
tk;s] ijUrq blds nq"izHkko O;kid {ks=k vkSj
dHkh&dHkh iwjs fo'o ij gksrs gSaA
¥ tSfod vkSj fo"kkDr gfFk;kjksa dk mRiknu
rks vklku gS fdUrq bUgsa lEHkky dj j[kuk
dkiQh pqukSrhiw.kZ gSA
¥ tSfod vkSj fo"kkDr gfFk;kjksa dks rS;kj
djuk izÑfr ds lkFk vuko';d NsM+NkM+
gSA dbZ fo'ks"kKksa dk ekuuk gS fd ekuo
us tc i;kZoj.k esa vko';drk ls vf/d
NsM+NkM+ dh rks dksjksuk] fuikg] cMZ Ýyw
vkfn tSls ok;jl taxyh thoksa ls ekuoksa esa
Hkh iQSy x;sA
iz;kl
¥ tSfod ,oa fo"kkDr gfFk;kjksa ds mRiknu]
forj.k o iz;ksx ij izfrca/ yxkus gsrq
dbZ oSf'od lEesyu gq,] ftUgsa fuEukafdr
fcUnqvksa ds rgr ns[kk tk ldrk gS&
ˆ izFke fo'o ;q¼ esa tSfod gfFk;kjksa ds
?kkrd ifj.kkeksa dks ns[kus ds i'pkr~ lu~
1925 esa fo'o ds dbZ ns'kksa us ftusok
iz- ¶tSfod ,oa fo"kkDr gfFk;kjksa ds mRiknu o iz;ksx us u fliQZ izÑfr ds lkFk xaHkhj NsM+NkM+ dks izksRlkfgr fd;k gS cfYd iwjh
ekuo lH;rk ds le{k [krjk mRiUu fd;k gSA¸ fVIi.kh djsaA
6- dksjksuk ok;jl vkSj voS/ oU;tho O;kikj
ppkZ dk dkj.k
¥ COVID-19 ds lzksr ds ckjs esa oSKkfud vkSj
fo'ks"kK vHkh Hkh vfuf'pr gSaA dqN 'kks/
esa pexknM+ rks dqN esa iSaxksfyu ds 'kjhj esa
feys ok;jl ds thukse ls dksjksuk ds thukse
esa lekurk ikbZ xbZ gSA ,d rhljh laHkkouk
;g trkbZ tk jgh gS fd dksjksuk nks rjg
ds ok;jlksa ds esy ls cuk rhljk :i gks
ldrk gSA ,sls esa tkudkjksa dk ekuuk gS fd
oU;thoksa ds voS/ O;kikj ij è;ku dsafær
djus dk le; vk x;k gSA
ifjp;
¥ ;g loZfofnr gS fd dksjksuk ok;jl dh
mRifÙk phu esa gqbZ Fkh vkSj tuojh 2020
esa ,d çsl czhfiQax ds nkSjku] phu ds lsaVj
iQkWj fMlht daVªksy ,aM fçosa'ku ds funs'kd
vizSy 2020 A vad&2
izksVksdkWy ds rgr ckrphr dh rkfd vkink izca/u izkf/dj.k us bu gfFk;kjksa
bu gfFk;kjksa ds mRiknu o iz;ksx dks dh pqukSfr;ksa ls fuiVus gsrq xkbMykbu tkjh
fu;af=kr fd;k tk ldsA dh gS ftlesa lkoZtfud ,tsafl;ksa ds lkFk
ˆ 10 vizSy 1972 dks dbZ ns'kksa us futh ,tsafl;ksa dh Hkkxhnkjh ij Hkh cy
feydj ^tSfod vkSj fo"kkDr gfFk;kj fn;k x;k gSA
lEesyu* (chVhMCY;wlh) dh LFkkiuk vkxs dh jkg
dh vkSj ;g lEesyu 1975 esa ykxw ¥ dksjksuk tSlh oSf'od egkekjh us fl¼ dj
gqvkA mYys[kuh; gS fd chVhMCY;wlh fn;k gS fd tSfod ,oa fo"kkDr gfFk;kjksa ds
tSfod vkSj jklk;fud gfFk;kjksa ds gj mRiknu gsrq izÑfr ds lkFk NsM+NkM+ djuk
izdkj ds mRiknu ij iw.kZ izfrca/ yxkus iwjh ekuork ds fy, fdruk ?kkrd gSA
okyh igyh cgqi{kh; laf/ FkhA bl vr% ,slh egkekfj;ksa ls fuiVus gsrq lHkh
laf/ (;k lEesyu) ij Hkkjr us lu~ fgr/kjkdksa dks ,d IysViQkeZ ij vkuk gksxk
1973 esa gLrk{kj fd;s FksA vkSj chVhMCY;wlh ,oa vU; laXkBuksa }kjk
izLrkfor mik;ksa ds izHkkoh dk;kZUo;u ij
¥ Hkkjr esa tSfod ,oa fo"kkDr gfFk;kjksa
ds ekeyksa ds fy, x`g ea=kky; uksMy cy nsuk gksxkA
,taslh gSA x`g ea=kky; bu gfFk;kjksa ls ¥ vkradokfn;ksa ,oa vU; vjktd rRoksa ds
mRiUu gksus okyh pqukSfr;ksa ij dM+h utj }kjk tSfod o fo"kkDr gfFk;kjksa ds bLrseky ds
j[krk gSA gkyk¡fd j{kk ea=kky;] i;kZoj.k izfr lHkh dks lpsr jgus dh vko';drk gSA
ea=kky;] MhvkjMhvks] jk"Vªh; vkink lkekU; vè;;u iz'u i=k&2
izca/u izkf/dj.k vkfn Hkh tSfod o
¥ egRoiw.kZ varjkZ"Vªh; laLFkku] laLFkk,a
fo"kkDr gfFk;kjksa ds izlkj dks jksdus gsrq
vkSj eap&mudh lajpuk] vf/ns'kA
lfØ; :i ls dk;Z dj jgs gaSA jk"Vªh;
us dgk Fkk fd ¶u, dksjksuksok;jl dh ¥ oU;thoksa dk voS/ O;kikj ,d vkijkf/d
mRifÙk ,d oqgku lhiQwM ekdZsV esa voS/ xfrfof/ gS vkSj dbZ ns'kksa us oU;thoksa
:i ls csps x, oU;thoksa ls gqbZ gSA¸ vkSj ouLifr;ksa dh ladVkiUu çtkfr;ksa
¥ urhtru] us'kuy ihiqYl dkaxzsl dh LFkk;h ds varjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj (CITES ) ij ns'kksa
lfefr us yksxksa ds thou vkSj LokLF; dks ds chp le>kSrk fd;k gSA
cpkus ds fy, oU;thoksa ds voS/ O;kikj
ladVxzLr thoksa ds varjjk"Vªh; O;kikj
ij çfrca/ yxk fn;k] vkSj mYya?ku djus
okyksa ds fy, dM+h ltk dh ?kks"k.kk dhA
ij vfHkle;
¥ xkSjryc gS fd voS/ oU;tho O;kikj dks ¥ CITES (The Convention of International
nqfu;k esa pkSFkh lcls cM+h voS/ O;kikj Trade in Endangered Species of Wild
xfrfof/ ds :i esa igpku dh xbZ gS vkSj Fauna and Flora) oU;thoksa vkSj
la;qÙkQ jk"Vª dk;kZy; ds MªXl ,aM Økbe ouLifr;ksa dh ladVkiUu çtkfr;ksa ds
us vuqeku yxk;k gS fd oSf'od oU;tho varjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj ij ns'kksa ds chp ,d
rLdjh m|ksx dk vkdkj 7 fcfy;u ;w,l le>kSrk gSA blesa la;qÙkQ jk"Vª egklHkk]
MkWyj ls ysdj 23 fcfy;u ;w,l MkWyj CITES vkSj vU; {ks=kh; vkSj xSj&ljdkjh
rd gSA laxBu 'kkfey gSaA
9

¥ 1975 ds bl vfHkle; dks fo'ks"k :i
ls fo'o ds ladVxzLr thoksa vkSj ikniksa dh
lqj{kk lqfuf'pr djus ds fy;s fufeZr fd;k
x;k gSA ;g thfor uewuksa rFkk vfèklwfpr
thoksa ls çkIr fd;s x;s mRiknuksa ds O;kikj
dks fu;fer djrk gSA lhvkbZVhbZ,l ds
vuqPNsn 1 esa varjjk"Vªh; O;kikj ds dkj.k
yqIr gksus dh dxkj ij fLFkr 700 thoksa
dh lwph tkjh dh x;h gSA ysfdu vHkh iSaxksfyu lokZf/d •rjs es
Hkh rLdjksa }kjk bldk ikyu ugha fd;k
tkrk gSA ladVxzLr thoksa dks rLdjh ds ¥ vHkh gky gh esa çfrf"Br esfMdy
ekè;e ls nwljs ns'kksa esa yk;k tkrk gS] fiQj
nLrkostksa dks bl çdkj çLrqr fd;k tkrk
gS ekuks ;s tho mu {ks=kksa ls vk;s gks tgka
os çpqj ek=kk esa ik;s tkrs gSaA
¥ Hkkjr bl le>kSrs ds ykxw gksus ds yxHkx
,d lky ckn 18 vÙkQwcj] 1976 dks blesa
'kkfey gqvk vkSj bl le>kSrs esa 'kkfey
gksus okyk 25ok¡ lnL; cukA orZeku esa
CITES ds i{kdkjksa dh la[;k 183 gSA
VªSfiQd (TRAFFIC)
VªSfiQd WWF (World Wildlife fund) ,oa
IUCN dk la;qÙkQ laj{k.k dk;ZØe gSA ftldh
LFkkiuk o"kZ 1976 esa IUCN ds çtkfr mÙkjthfork
vk;ksx }kjk dh xbZ FkhA VªSfiQd oU;tho O;kikj
fuxjkuh usVodZ gS ftldk eq[;ky; ;wukbVsM
fdaxMe esa gSA
{ks=kh; laxBuksa dh igy
¥ lkdZ ns'kksa us nf{k.k ,f'k;k lgdkjh i;kZoj.k
dk;ZØe ds nkSjku nf{k.k ,f'k;k oU;tho
O;kikj igy (SAWTI) dh LFkkiuk dhA
voS/ O;kikj ij udsy dlus vkSj bl {ks=k
esa jk"Vªh; dkuwuksa ds rgr dkuwuh :i ls
dkjksckj fd, tk ldus okys taxyh tkuojksa
vkSj ikS/ksa ds çca/u esa lq/kj ykus ds fy,
;g ,d csgrj ç;kl FkkA
¥ 9 oha bZLV ,f'k;k lfeV esa iwjs {ks=k
esa voS/ rLdjh vkSj voS/ oU;tho
O;kikj ls fuiVus ds fy, lkeatL;] {kerk
fuekZ.k] leFkZu] leUo; vkSj lalk/uksa esa
o`f¼ ds fy, fopkj foe'kZ fd;k x;k A
Hkkjr esa D;k gS dkuwu
¥ Hkkjr esa oU;tho vijk/ fu;a=k.k C;wjks dh
LFkkiuk i;kZoj.k ,oa ou ea=kky; us dh ¥ dksjksuk ok;jl 'kjhj ds æO;] ey vkSj
gS] rkfd ns'k esa laxfBr oU;tho vijk/ksa
10
dk eqdkcyk fd;k tk ldsA oU;tho
(lqj{kk) vf/fu;e] 1972 dh /kjk 38
(tsM) ds rgr C;wjksa dks laxfBr oU;tho
vkijkf/d xfrfof/;ksa ls tqM+h vklwpuk
,d=k djus vkSj jkT;ksa rFkk dkuwu ykxw
djus okyh ,tsafl;ksa rd igqapkus dk pqukSfr;k¡
vf/dkj gS rkfd vijkf/;ksa ds f•ykiQ
iQkSju dkjZokbZ dh tk ldsA
fjlpZ tuZy uspj esa çdkf'kr 'kks/ esa
'kks/drkZvksa us ;g nkok fd;k Fkk fd
phu esa rLdjh dj yk, x, tkuoj ¥ oU;thoksa dks nqfu;k Hkj esa •rjs dk lkeuk
iSaxksfyu esa dksjksuk ls esy •krs ok;jl
feys gSaA LruikbZ tho iSaxksfyu dh phu
esa ekal vkSj ikjaifjd nokvksa esa bLrseky
dks ysdj lcls T;knk voS/ rLdjh gksrh
gSA
¥ uspj tuZy esa çdkf'kr 'kks/ esa
'kks/drkZvksa us dgk gS fd mudk tsusfVd
MsVk fn•krk gS fd ,sls tkuojksa dks
ysdj vfrfjÙkQ lko/kuh cjruh gksxh
vkSj cktkj esa bldh fcØh vkSj rLdjh
ij dM+h ikcanh yxuh pkfg,A phafV;k
•kus okys bl Lruik;h tho iSaxksfyu dh
rLdjh ds dkj.k gh ;g foyqIr gksus dh
dxkj ij gSA
iSaxksfyu dh •ky ,f'k;k esa ikjaifjd
¥
phuh nok,a cukus esa bLrseky dh tkrh ¥ gky esa xSj&dkuwuh rjhds ls O;kikj djds
gSA 'kksèkdrkZvksa ds vuqlkj] phu vkSj
nf{k.k iwoZ ,f'k;k ds taxyksa esa ik, tkus
okys iSaxksfyuksa ij vfrfjÙkQ utj j•us
dh t:jr gS rkfd dksjksuk ok;jl ds
iQSyus esa mudh Hkwfedk vkSj Hkfo"; esa
laØe.k ds •rjs ds ckjs esa irk yxk;k
tk ldsA
¥ iSaxksfyu dh 8 çtkfr;ksa dh def'kZ;y
fcØh ij iwjh rjg ls ikcanh gS ysfdu
blds ckotwn nqfu;k Hkj esa iSaxksfyu dh
lcls T;knk rLdjh gksrh gSA ikjaifjd
phuh vkS"kf/;ksa ds fy, gtkjksa iSaxksfyu vkxs dh jkg
dh gj lky rLdjh gksrh gSA phu] ¥ tSo fofo/rk vkSj taxyksa dh lqj{kk dks
fo;ruke vkSj ,f'k;k ds dqN ns'kksa
esa blds ekal dks LVsVl flacy ls Hkh
tks M + d j ns • k tkrk gS A
ekal ls vklkuh ls iQSy ldrk gSA blfy,
lelkef;dh : Perfect 7
•kus ds fy, iSaxksfyu dk bLrseky T;knk
fpark dh ckr gSA iSaxksfyu dks bldh
LdSYl ds fy, Hkh ekjk tkrk gS ysfdu
mlds laidZ esa vkuk ekal dh rqyuk esa
de •rjukd gSA
¥ oYMZ okbYMykbiQ iQaM (MCY;wMCY;w,iQ)
us mYys• fd;k gS fd thfor vkSj e`r
taxyh tkuojksa ds fy, voS/ cktkj dbZ
nf{k.k iwoZ ,f'k;kbZ ns'kksa esa fo'ks"k :i
ls phu] ykvkls] FkkbZySaM vkSj E;kaekj ds
djhc {ks=kksa esa laiUu gks jgs gSaA
djuk iM+ jgk gS vkSj nqfu;k Hkj ds voS/
cktkjksa esa bldh ekax yxkrkj tkjh gS] blds
vykok Hkkjr esa oU; thoksa ds voS/ O;kikj
esa dkiQh rsth vkbZ gSA
¥ ck?k] iSaxksfyu] LVkj dNqvk vkSj VkmdsbZ
fNidyh dks pquk x;k gS] ftudk
varjkZ"Vªh; cktkjksa esa voS/ O;kikj gksus
ds dkj.k vfLrRo •rjs esa gSA ck?k dk
mldh •ky] gfîó;ksa vkSj 'kjhj ds vaxksa ds
fy,] fNidyh dk mlds ehV vkSj mldh
•ky dk ijEijkxr nokvksa esa] LVkj dNq,
dk ehV vkSj ikyus ds fy, rFkk VkmdsbZ
fNidyh dk nf{k.k&iwoZ ,f'k;k •klrkSj ls
phuh cktkjksa esa ijEijkxr nokvksa ds fy,
voS/ O;kkikj fd;k tkrk gSA
ykbZ xbZ çtkfr;ka vkSj muds fofHkUu vaxksa
dks tCr djus ds laca/ esa dbZ •cjsa bl
ckr dk ladsr nsrh gSa fd gokbZ vîóksa ds
jkLrsa rLdjh djds yk, tkus okys oU; thoksa
dh çeq• çtkfr;ksa esa LVkj dNq,] i{kh]
'kgrwr] 'khy] ck?k vkSj rsanq, ds fofHkUu
vax] gkFkhnkar] xSaMs ds lhax] iSaxksfyu vkSj
iSaxksfyu dh •ky] lhfi;ka] leqæh ?kksM+k]
lh dqdqEcj] jsaxus okys tarqvksa dh •kysa]
thfor lkai] fNidfy;ka] ewaxk vkSj vkS"k/h;
tM+h&cwfV;ka 'kkfey gSaA
•rjk igqapkus okys gj çdkj ds xSj&dkuwuh
oU; tho O;kikj dks lekIr djus ds fy,
tkx:drk iSnk djuk] dkjZokbZ djuk vkSj
dkuwuksa dks dM+kbZ ls ykxw djus dh rRdky
vko';rdrk gSA
vizSy 2020 A vad&2
 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7
¥ fodkl ds uke ij çÑfr ds lkFk dh xbZ
NsMN
+ kM+ vkSj 'kks"k.k ds nq"ifj.kke fn•kbZ iM+us
yxs gSAa c<+rs 'kgjhdj.k ,oa vkS|ksfxdhdj.k
ds dkj.k taxyksa dh dVku dh tk jgh gSA
voS/ •uu ds }kjk çÑfr dh thou js•k
ufn;ksa dk vfLrRo feVrk tk jgk gSAa ekuo
thou dks lgt cukus ds fy, bZtkn fd;k
iz- gky gh eas oSf'od Lrj ij iQSys dksjksuk egkekjh ds fy, oU;tho r'djh dks ,d cM+k dkj.k ekuk tk jgk gSA bl ckr ls
vki fdruk lger gS\ ppkZ djsaA
7- dksfoM&19 % ekuo vkSj izÑfr ds chp iquZla;kstu dh ek¡x
ppkZ dk dkj.k
bl lky dk fo'o LokLF; fnol ,sls le;
esa vk;k gS tc nqfu;k dksfoM&19 ds f•ykiQ
,d vHkwriwoZ yM+kbZ esa yxh gS] ftlus vc rd
gtkjksa yksxksa dh tku ys yh gSA ;g ekuork dks
u dsoy O;fÙkQxr LoPNrk cuk, j•us] cfYd
çÑfr ds lkFk NsM+NkM+ u djus ds fy, Hkh ;kn
fnykus dk volj gSA
i`"BHkwfe
¥ n xkftZ;u ds vuqlkj nqfu;k ds 199 ns'k
dksjksuk ok;jl ls yM+ jgs gSa] nqfu;k ds
vf/dka'k ns'kksa us ykWdMkmu dk lgkjk
fy;k gS ;k ys jgs gSaA varjjk"Vªh; ;krk;kr
ds lkFk gh lkFk ns'kksa ds vanj dk ;krk;kr
Hkh Fke x;k gSA lHkh cM+h jktuhfrd]
lkekftd vkSj •sy xfrfof/;ka Bi gSaA ,slk
yx jgk gS fd iwjh nqfu;k ,d czsd ij gSA
¥ ;gka rd fd Kkr balkuh bfrgkl esa /kfeZd
xfrfof/;ka can gSaA osfVdu esa iksi /kfeZd
f'k{kk ugha ns jgs gSa rks eqfLye /eZ dh
lcls ifo=k txg eDdk dks /kfeZd ;kf=k;ksa
dh igqap ls nwj dj fn;k x;k gSA fganqvksa ds
cM+s eafnjksa ds lkFk gh NksVs&NksVs eafnj rd
can dj fn, x, gSa] D;ksafd ?kkrd ok;jl
jktk ;k jad ds chp varj ugha djrk gS] Hkkjr dk oSf'od n`f"Vdks.k%
vkSj u gh ;g {ks=kksa ;k /eks± ds chp varj ¥ rPNa ;ksjko`.khegs A xkrqa ;Kk;A xkrqa ;Kir;s
dks igpkurk gSA
¥ fodflr ns'kksa esa LokLF; ds ekspZs ij •klh
çxfr ds ckotwn dksjksuk ok;jl ls mith
egkekjh us ekuo çtkfr dks vlgk; dj ¥ ;g çkFkZuk çkphu Hkkjr ds n`f"Vdks.k ¥ orZeku esa COVID-19 ds dkj.k LokLF; ds
fn;k gSA
vizSy 2020 A vad&2
x;k IykfLVd vkt tSo fofo/rk ds fy,
lcls cM+k ladV cudj mHkjk gSA
¥ ,sls le; tc ge çtkfr;ksa ds •ksus ds
vHkwriwoZ ladV dk lkeuk dj jgs gS]a o"kZ
2020 ,d egRoiw.kZ lky gS&çtkfr;ksa ds
laj{k.k ds fy, dkjZokbZ dk Lrj c<+kus vkSj
fVdkÅ fodkl y{;ksa dh fn'kk esa vFkZi.w kZ
egkekjh vkSj fo'o
¥ ;g fdlh nq%LoIu ls de ugha fd tgk¡
oYMZ okbM osc ;kfu baVjusV us nqfu;k dks
•ksydj yksxksa dks vkil esa tksM+ fn;k Fkk
ogha dksjksuk ok;jl us ns'kksa dks lhek,¡ can
djus vkSj viuh turk dks lkekftd nwjh
dk ikyu djus ij etcwj dj fn;k gSA
¥ egkekjh us nqfu;k dks euq"; vkSj çÑfr ds
chp ds varl±ca/ ds fiQj ls tkap djus ds
fy, ,d ekSdk fn;k gSA gesa ;g igpkuuk
gksxk fd ge viuh i`Foh dks ikS/ksa] if{k;ksa
vkSj tkuojksa ds lkFk Hkh lk>k djrs gSaA
¥ MCY;w,pvks dh ¶ou gsYFk¸ dh vo/kj.kk
dks viukuk gksxk tks euq";ksa] tkuojksa]
ikS/ksa vkSj i;kZoj.k ds LokLF; vkSj lqj{kk
dks çkIr djus ds fy, ,d cgq&fo"k;d
n`f"Vdks.k dks viukrk gSA
¥ dksjksuk ok;jl ds laØe.k ds igys rd
iwjh nqfu;k esa i;ZVdksa dks dkiQh egRo fn;k
tkrk Fkk] mUgsa vkfFkZd vk; dk cM+k tfj;k
ekuk tkrk FkkA bl ok;jl dk laØe.k
eq[; :i ls i;ZVdksa ls iQSyk] ,sls esa
vk'kadk gS fd vc 'kk;n gh nqfu;k esa
i;ZVdksa dk Lokxr igys dh rjg gksxkA ¥
A nSoh LofLrjLrq u%A LofLrekZuq"ksH;%A ÅèoZa
ftxkrq Hks"ktEA 'ka uks vLrq f}insA 'ka prq"ins
AA 'kkfUr% 'kkfUr% 'kkfUr% AA Hkkjr esa LokLF;
dks n'kkZrh gS] ftlesa çÑfr dk lEeku cqfu;knh <kaps esa 'kgjh&xzkeh.k varj ds
çxfr ds fy, t:jh gS fd lHkh ns'k feydj
bl fn'kk es dk;Z djsAa
lkekU; vè;;u iz'u i=k&3
¥ laj{k.k] i;kZoj.k iznw"k.k vkSj {kj.k]
i;kZoj.k izHkko dk vkdyuA
fd;k x;k gS vkSj lHkh thfor çkf.k;ksa ds
lkeatL;iw.kZ lg&vfLrRo dh vko';drk
dks js•kafdr fd;k gSA çÑfr dh iwtk
djuk gekjh laLÑfr dk fgLlk gS D;ksafd
nsoRo dh vfHkO;fÙkQ ikS/ksa vkSj tkuojksa
lfgr gj rRo esa fn•kbZ nsrh gSA
¥ Hkkjrh; fo'o n`f"V esa] gekjh çkFkZuk u
dsoy i`Foh ij cfYd vkdk'k vkSj varfj{k
esa Hkh bl ln~Hkko dks cuk, j•us ds fy,
jgh gS] tSlk fd fuEufyf•r oSfnd 'yksd
esa Li"V :i ls n'kkZ;k x;k gS%
ˆ |kS% 'kkfUrjUrfj{ka 'kkfUr% i`fFkoh
'kkfUrjki% 'kkfUrjks"k/;% 'kkfUr% A
ouLir;% 'kkfUrfoZ'osnsok% 'kkfUrczZã
'kkfUr% loZa 'kkfUr% 'kkfUrjso 'kkfUr% lk
ek 'kkfUrjsf/ AA 'kkfUr% 'kkfUr% 'kkfUr%AA
ˆ ('kkafr vkdk'k vkSj varfj{k esa gS] 'kkafr
i`Foh ij gS] 'kkafr ikuh esa gS]'kkafr
ikS/ksa vkSj o`{kksa esa gS] 'kkafr çÑfr ds
fofHkUu rRoksa dh vè;{krk djus okys
nsorkvksa esa gS_ 'kkafr gekjh psruk esa gS_
'kkafr] gj txg]ckgj vkSj Hkhrj O;kIr
gSA vkids ikl og 'kkafr gS tks vkids
thou dks iwjk djrh gS)A
egkRek xk¡/h us dkiQh mi;qÙkQ rjhds ls
dgk Fkk% eSa izkÑfrd dyk dks igpkuus
dh iwoZtksa dh 'kfDr ds fo"k; esa vkSj
dyk dks /kfeZd Lo:i nsus dh mudh
nwjn`f"V ds fo"k; esa J¼k Hkko j[krk gw¡A
11

lkFk] lkoZtfud LokLF; esa vf/d fuos'k
dh vko';drk dks eglwl fd;k x;k gSA
Lora=krk ds ckn ls Hkkjr us LokLF; ls tqM+s
fofHkUu lwpdkadks esa •klh çxfr dh gS
vkSj egRoiw.kZ laØked jksxksa tSls fd pspd
vkSj iksfy;ks dks •Re fd;k gSA
¥ blds vykok iatkc igyk jkT; cuk ftlus
¥ Hkkjr esa vkSlr thou çR;k'kk 69 o"kZ rd
c<+ xbZ gS vkSj lapkjh] ekr`] uotkr vkSj
iks"k.k laca/h chekfj;ksa ds dkj.k Hkkjr dk
jksx Hkkj 1990 ls 2016 ds chp 61 çfr'kr i;kZoj.k larqyu vkSj fodkl
ls ?kVdj 33 çfr'kr gks x;k gSA
¥ fodkl dk vFkZ cM+k ?kj vkSj xkM+h_ fctyh]
¥ gkykafd] chrs dqN o"kks± ls thou'kSyh esa
cnyko ds dkj.k xSj&lapkjh jksxksa esa Hkkjh
o`f¼ gqbZ gSA dqN lky igys] MCY;w,pvks
ds vkadM+ksa us Hkkjr esa gksus okyh lHkh ekSrksa
esa ls 61 çfr'kr ds fy, ân; fodkjksa]
dSalj vkSj e/qesg vkfn dks ftEesnkj crk;k
gSA
bu xSj&lapkjh jksxksa ij vadq'k yxkus ds fy,
¥
;ksx vkSj è;ku dks c<+kok nsus ds lkFk&lkFk
¥ COVID-19
LoLFk vkgkj dh vknrksa dks c<+kok nsus
dh vko';drk gSA cPpksa esa tkx:drk
iSnk djus ds fy, bu igyqvksa dks Ldwy
ikBÔØe dk fgLlk cukuk pkfg,A
ljdkjh ç;kl
¥ vk;q"eku Hkkjr dh çeq• ;kstuk 50 djksM+
ls vf/d ykHkkfFkZ;ksa dks LokLF; chek
dojst çnku djds vkSj 1-5 yk• LokLF;
vkSj dY;k.k dsaæksa ds ekè;e ls O;kid ¥ tc ge bl vkink ls mcjdj iqu% blds
çkFkfed LokLF; lsok çnku djds dqN
gn rd LokLF; leL;k dk lek/ku dj
jgh gSA
¥ blds vykok Hkkjr esa COVID-19 ls yM+us
ds fy, dbZ vfHk;ku pyk;s tk jgs gSa
buesa eksckby gS.Mok'k iQsflfyVh (vka/z
iz- gky gh esa dksjksuk ok;jl ds izlkj dk izeq[k dkj.k ekuo rFkk izÑfr ds chp lkeatL; ds vHkko dks ekuk tk jgk gSA vki
bl dFku ls fdruk lger gS\ ppkZ djsaA
12
çns'k)] çX;ke ,si (>kj•.M )] lsYiQ
fMDysjs'ku COVID-19 ,si (ukxkySaM)] Vhe
11 vfHk;ku (mÙkj çns'k)] dksjksuk dop
,si (Hkkjr ljdkj)] czsd n psu vfHk;ku
(dsjy)A
Covid-19 ds fy, loZçFke dÝ;qZ yxk;k
lkFk gh vksfM'kk esa COVID-19 ds fy, ns'k
dk lcls cM+k vLirky cuk;k x;kA
ikuh vkSj 'kjkc dk vf/d miHkksx_ diM+s]
xgus ;k twrksa ls Hkjs dejs ugha gSA fodkl
dk vFkZ gS ekuo vkSj çÑfr ds chp
larqyuA Hkxoku us gekjh rjg gh i'kq&i{kh
vkSj isM+&ikS/ksa dks Hkh cuk;k gSA buds lkFk
lkeatL; cukdj pyus dk dke l`f"V esa
lcls vf/d cqf¼eku çk.kh gksus dk nkok
djus okys euq"; dk gh gSA
egkekjh us ikfjfLFkfrdh
vlarqyu ds fo"k; dks dsaæ esa yk fn;k gS]
ikfjfLFkfrd larqyu esa ikS/ksa ds laj{k.k vkSj
vU; çkÑfrd lalk/uksa dk laj{k.k ,d
eq[; pqukSrh gSA bl pqukSrh dk lek/ku
u dj ikus ds dkj.k gS thou ds larqyu
ds fy, çÑfr vkSj euq"; ds chp laca/
pjejk x;k gSA ;g vlarqyu euq"; dh
ykylkoknh eukso`fr ls mitk gSA
}kjk mRiUu vkfFkZd eanh vkSj O;fÙkQxr
thou esa mFky&iqFky tSlh okLrfodrk ls
nks&pkj gksaxs rc dbZ loky mBsaxs ftuds
dsaæ esa ;gh gksxk fd D;k ,slh foinkvks dks
jks d k tk ldrk gS \ lkFk gh fodkl ekW M y
vkSj gekjs ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k dh uktqdrk
lelkef;dh : Perfect 7
vkSj gekjs mRiknu&•ir iSVuZ dh vfLFkjrk
ij Hkh loky mBsaxsA
vkxs dh jkg
¥ ;g le; lHkh Hkkjrh;ksa vkSj çR;sd oSf'od
ukxfjd ds fy, çÑfr laj{k.k lfØ; ;ks¼k
cuus dk gS rkfd i`Foh ij euq"; vkSj
vU; lHkh thfor çk.kh LoLFk jgsa vkSj ,d
lkSgknZiw.kZ lg&vfLrRo dk vkuan ysa ldsa A
¥ Hkkjrh; fpfdRlk la?k vkSj fpfdRlk laLFkkuksa
tSls fudk;ksa dks Hkh yksxksa dks f'kf{kr djus
dk chM+k mBkuk pkfg,A ehfM;k dks Hkh
lwpukvksa dks tu&tu rd igqapkus esa
vf/d lfØ; Hkwfedk fuHkkuh gksxhA
¥ ge ftl gok esa lkal ysrs gSa vkSj tks
ikuh ge ihrs gSa og lkiQ gksuk pkfg,A
ykWdMkmu ds eísutj gok dh xq.koÙkk esa
Hkkjh lq/kj vkSj gky gh esa 'kgjh LFkkuksa esa
HkVdus okys taxyh tkuojksa dh fjiksVZ ls
irk pyrk gS fd ekuo us fdl gn rd
i;kZoj.k dk fo?kVu fd;k gSA
¥ gekjh nqfu;k ijLij fuHkZj gSA gesa blds
larqyu dh j{kk djuh pkfg, rkfd ge
LoLFk thou th ldsaA gesa Kku dks Kku
ls tksM+uk pkfg,A gesa ,dtqV gksdj i`Foh
dks lqjf{kr cukuk pkfg, ftlesa i;kZoj.k
laj{k.k ds lkFk gh ekuo] ouLifr vkSj
tho&tarq lHkh dh lsgr dk [;ky j[k
ldsA
lkekU; vè;;u iz'u i=k&3
¥ laj{k.k] i;kZoj.k iznw"k.k vkSj {kj.k]
i;kZoj.k izHkko dk vkdyuA
vizSy 2020 A vad&2
 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

lkr egRoiw.kZ czsu cwLVlZ

1- ch-lh-th- oSDlhu
ppkZ dk dkj.k
¥ gky gh esa U;w;kdZ bafLV~;wV vkWiQ VsDuksykWth ds fMikVZesaV vkWiQ ck;ksesfMdy lkbalsl dh vksj ls ch-lh-th Vhdkdj.k okyh vkcknh ij dksjksuk
ok;jl laØe.k ds vlj dk fo'ys"k.k djus ds fy, ,d fjlpZ fd;k x;k FkkA
¥ bl 'kks/ ds vuqlkj ftu ns'kksa esa ch-lh-th oSDlhu dk vius Vhdkdj.k dk;ZØeksa esa mi;ksx fd;k x;k ogk¡ dksfoM&19 ls de ekSars ns[kh x;hA

D;k gS ch-lh-th-
¥ ch-lh-th- ;k csfly&dSyesV&xq,fju risfnd (Vhch) jksx ds fy, ,d Vhdk gSA ftldh [kkst dSyesV ,oa xq,fju }kjk dh x;h Fkh rFkk 1924
ls ;g mi;ksx esa yk;h tk jgh gSA
¥ ch-lh-th- oSDlhu ,d etcwr izfrj{kk izfrfØ;k] dq"B jksx] vkSj xSj&buosflo ew=kk'k; ds dSalj ds f[kykiQ lqj{kk iznku djrk gSA

egRoiw.kZ fcUnq
¥ lkoZHkkSfed ch-lh-th- uhfr okys ns'kksa esa izfr fefy;u yksxksa esa 0-78 ekSrsa gqbZA
¥ ftu ns'kksa ds ikl dHkh Hkh lkoZtfud ch-lh-th- uhfr ugha Fkh] mudh e`R;q nj izfr fefy;u yskxksa esa
16-39 FkhA
¥ oSKkfudksa ds vuqlkj chlhth oSDlhus'ku ls ok;jl baiQsD'ku vkSj lksfIle tSlh chekfj;ksa ls yM+us esa enn
feyrh gSA ftlls ;s mEehn dh tk jgh gS fd ;s oSDlhu dksjksuk ls yM+us esa ennxkj lkfcr gks ldrk gSA
¥ czkthy] tkiku] nf{k.k vÚhdk vkfn ns'k tgk¡ oSDlhus'ku cgqr igys 'kq: fd;k x;k Fkk ogk¡ dksjksuk iQSyus
dk [krjk 10 xquk de gSA
¥ vesfjdk] bVyh] yscuku] csfYt;e o uhnjySaM tgk¡ ch-lh-th- oSDlhus'ku ugha gqvk ogk¡ dksjksuk ds iQSyus
dk [krjk T;knk gSA
¥ oSKkfudksa ds eqrkfcd Hkkjr esa dksjksuk ok;jl T;knk ?kkrd lkfcr ugha gksxk D;ksafd ;gk¡ LVsªu dk iQdZ gSA
LVªsu vFkkZr ok;jl dk tsusfjd oSfj,aVA
¥ Hkkjrh; oSKkfudksa ds }kjk dksjksuk ds 12 uewuksa dh tk¡p ds 'kq:vkrh fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj Hkkjr esa feyk
ok;jl flaxy Likbd gS] tks dksf'kdkvksa dks T;knk etcwrh ls ugha idM+ ikrk gSA
¥ nwljh rjiQ vesfjdk] phu] bVyh esa feys ok;jl fVªiy Likbd ds gSa tks bE;wu flLVe ij cqjk izHkko
Mkyrk gSA

Hkkjr dh fLFkfr
¥ Hkkjr esa ch-lh-th- oSDlhus'ku cgqr igys gh fd;k x;k FkkA
¥ ch-lh-th- oSDlhu }kjk jksx izfrjks/d {kerk dh o`f¼ ds dkj.k 'kjhj dks bE;wfuVh feyrh gS] ijarq ns'k esa cM+h vkcknh dqiksf"kr o fcekfj;ksa
ls xzflr gSA ,slh vkcknh ds lkeus dksjksuk dk [krjk T;knk gSA
¥ Hkkjr ds lkeus nwljh pqukSrh cqtqxks± dks dksjksuk ls cpk;s j[kuk gSA ns'k esa 60 lky ls T;knk mez dh vkcknh 10 djksM+ ds vklikl gS] ;s oks
yksx gSa tks 1962 eas us'kuy Vh-ch- izksxzke 'kq: gksus ls igys tUesa FksA

vizSy 2020 A vad&2 13

 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

2- ft;ksiQsaflax

ppkZ dk dkj.k
¥ gky gh esa dksfoM&19 ls izHkkfor dqN yksxksa ds DokjkUVkbu ls Hkkxus dh lwpuk izkIr gqbZ gSA blh dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, ljdkj ds ft;ksiQsaflax
iz.kkyh }kjk fofHkUu eksckby ,si ds fodkl dh 'kq:vkr dh gSA
¥ ljdkj ft;ksiQsaflax iz.kkyh ds ekè;e ls dksfoM&19 ls izHkkfor yksx tks DokjkuVkbu esa j[ks x;s gSa muij utj j[k ldrh gSA fofnr gks fd
Hkkjr ljdkj us jkT;ksa dks Hkkjrh; VsyhxzkiQ vf/fu;e] 1885 dh /kjk 5(2) ds izko/kuksa ds rgr ft;ksiQsaflax ds mya?ku ds ekeysa esa nwj
lapkj foHkkx ls fufnZ"V eksckby iQksu uacjksa dh tkudkjh izkIr djus ds fy, dgk gSA

ft;ksiQsaflax D;k gS\

¥ ft;ksaiQsaflax fdlh HkkSxksfyd {ks=k ds fy, vkHkklh ifjf/ gksrh gSA ;g ,d LFkku&vk/kfjr lsok gS ftlesa ,d ,si ;k vU; lkWÝVos;j thih,l]
vkj,iQvkbZMh] okbZ&iQkbZ ;k lsyqyj MsVk dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA
¥ ft;ksaiQsaflax ls 300 ehVj dh ifjf/ esa lVhd tkudkjh izkIr dh tk ldrh gSA
¥ fofnr gks fd dksfoM&19 ekeyksa dks VªSd djus gsrq ft;ksaiQsaflax iz.kkyh dk iz;ksx djus okys jkT;ksa esa dsjy igyk jkT; gSA
¥ tc ,d eksckby fMokbl ;k RIFD VSx ,d HkkxkSfyd lhek] ftls ft;kiQsal ds :i esa tkuk tkrk gS] ds vklikl LFkkfir ,d vkHkklh lhek
esa izos'k djrk gS ;k ckgj fudyrk gS rks ml fMokbl ds ckjs esas mlesa baLVky izksxzke ds vk/kj ij tkudkjh yh tk ldrh gSA

ft;ksiQsaflax ds mi;ksx
¥ bldk mi;ksx lks'ky usVofdZax] foi.ku (Marketing)] n'kZdksa dh Øec¼rk
(Audience arrangment)] LekVZ midj.k] ekuo lalk/u izca/u] VsyheSfVYl rFkk
lqj{kk vkfn esa fd;k tkrk gSA

ft;ksiQsaflax dSls dke djrk gS\

¥ ft;ksiQsaflax dk mi;ksx djus ds fy,] ,d iz'kkld ;k Msoyij dks igys thih,l ;k vkj,iQvkbZMh&l{ke lkWÝVos;j esa ,d fufnZ"V LFkku ds
vkl&ikl ,d vkHkklh lhek LFkkfir djuh gksrh gSA
¥ bl lhek esa tc dksb Hkh O;fDr ,sls fMftVy midj.k dks ysdj izos'k djsxk rks daI;wVj Lor% mldh mifLFkfr ntZ dj ysxkA bl rjg ml
O;fDr dh xfrfof/;ksa ij utj j[kh tk ldrh gSA

14 vizSy 2020 A vad&2

 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

3- vkWijs'ku lathouh
ppkZ dk dkj.k
¥ Hkkjrh; ok;qlsuk us ekynho esa fpfdRlh; vkiwfrZ ds fy, ,d fe'ku dks vatke fn;k] ftldk uke gS ^vkWijs'ku lathouh*A
¥ ekynho fgUn egklkxj dk ,d }hih; ns'k gS tks Hkkjr ds nf{k.k&if'pe esa gSA ;gk¡ ij ifjogu] dkxksZ vFkok ,;j }kjk gh laHko gSA

vkWijs'ku lathouh
¥ oSf'od dksjksuk egkekjh ds dkj.k lHkh ns'kksa dk ifjogu ,oa O;kikj Bi gks x;k gSA ,sls esa fdlh ns'k rd fpfdRlh; vkiwfrZ cgqr cM+k dk;Z gSA
¥ Hkkjrh; ok;qlsuk us ekynho dk Hkkjr esa iQ¡lk 6-2 Vu dk lkeku ekynho rd igq¡pk;kA
¥ ekynho igq¡pk, x;s vko';d fpfdRlh; lkeku esa bUÝY;w,atk oSDlhu] ,.Vh ok;jl nok (yksÝFkksofj] jk;Vksukofj)] ân; jksfx;ksa ds fy,
nok,a] mPp jDr&pki ls lacaf/r nokbZ;k¡ FkhaA ;g ekynho dh fpfdRlk iz.kkyh dks tkjh j[kus ds fy, cgqr vko';d FkhaA
¥ bl dk;Z ds fy, Hkkjrh; ok;qlsuk ds gjD;wfyl C-130J ,;jØkÝV dk bLrseky fd;k x;kA
¥ ekynho rd lkeku igq¡pkus ds fy, Hkkjr us ubZ fnYyh] eqacbZ] psUubZ vkSj enqjbZ ls lkeku ,d txg ,d=k fd;k] ;g Hkh ,d tfVy dk;Z FkkA

Hkkjr&ekynho
¥ ekynho ,d }hih; ns'k gS blfy, ;gk¡ ij [kk| vkSj dbZ vko';d oLrqvksa dh deh jgrh gSA ekynho Hkkjr ij vko';d oLrqvksa ds fy,
fuHkZj jgrk gSA
¥ blls igys ekpZ&2020 ds izFke lIrkg esa Hkh Hkkjr us [kk| o fpfdRlh; oLrqvksa dh vkiwfrZ dh FkhA
¥ 14 ekpZ 2020 dks Hkkjr us 14 lnL;h; ^dksfoM&19 jSfiM fjLikal Vhe* (MkWDVjksa dh Vhe) Hkh ogk¡ Hksth Fkh] bl Vhe us ogk¡ ds i;ZVdksa
dk bykt fd;k rFkk ogk¡ ds MkWDVjksa dks izf'kf{kr fd;kA
¥ iQjojh 2020 esa Hkkjr] oqgku (phu) ls vius Nk=kksa dks ykus ds le; ekynho ds 9 Nk=kksa dks Hkh Hkkjr us lqjf{kr ekynho igq¡pk;k FkkA
¥ blls igys o"kZ 2014 esa ekynho ds is;ty ladV ls fuiVus ds fy, Hkkjr us ^vkWijs'ku uhj* dk lapkyu fd;k FkkA
¥ xkSjryc gS fd Hkkjrh; lsuk us fliQZ ekynho gh ugh cfYd gjD;wfyl C-130J ,;j ØkÝV dh enn ls ef.kiqj] vle] ukxkyS.M vkSj tEew
d'ehj rFkk yn~nk[k {ks=kksa esa vko';d fpfdRlh; oLrqvksa dks iznku dj jgk gSA

Hkkjrh; ,;j ØkÝV C130J ds iwoZ jkgr dk;Z

¥ vkWijs'ku jkgr&2013 ds mÙkjk[k.M vkink ds le;A
¥ vkWijs'ku ladV ekspu&2016 esa nf{k.k lwMku ls Hkkjrh;
ukxfjdks dks okil ykus ds fy,A
¥ vkWijs'ku d#.kk&2018 dsjy esa vkbZ ck<+ ds le;A

vkxs dh jkg
¥ ekynho] lkdZ ds laLFkkid lnL;ksa esa ls ,d gSA Hkkjr dk ^vkWijs'ku lathouh*] lHkh lkdZ ns'kksa esa Hkkjr ds fo'okl dks c<+k,xkA
¥ Hkkjr pwafd iM+kslh izFke ds uhfr ij vkxs c<+ jgk gS blfy, vko';d gS fd fdlh foijhr ifjfLFkfr esa ,d nwljs ds lkFk feydj vkxs
c<+k tk,A [kklrkSj ij dksjksuk egkekjh ds le; vkilh lg;ksx vko';d gSA

vizSy 2020 A vad&2 15

 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

4- HkhyokM+k ekWMy
ppkZ dk dkj.k
¥ gky gh esa dsUnzh; LokLF; ea=kky; us dksfoM&19 gkWVLikV~l esa dksjksuk ok;jl egkekjh ds vkØked fu;a=k.k ds fy, HkhyokM+k ekWMy dh
iz'kalk djrs gq, ^daVsuj Iyku iQkWj yktZ vkmVczsd* 'kh"kZd ls ,d nLrkost tkjh fd;k gSA

i`"BHkwfe
¥ HkhyokM+k jktLFkku ds esokM+ ftys esa fLFkr gSA
¥ HkhyokM+k dh rqyuk phu ds oqgku 'kgj ls dh tk jgh Fkh D;ksafd ;g Hkkjr esa dksfoM&19 gkWVLikWV ds :i esa lcls igys mHkjk FkkA
¥ HkhyokM+k esa igyk ekeyk 19 ekpZ dks vk;k Fkk] ijarq ekeyksa dh la[;k esa cgqr de le; esa gh rsth ls o`f¼ gqbZA

D;k gS HkhyokM+k ekWMy

¥ HkhyokM+k ekWMy esa jktLFkku ds HkhyokM+k ftys esa iz'kklu }kjk mBk, x;s dneksa dk ftØ gSA HkhyokM+k ekWMy dk o.kZu djus dk ljy rjhdk
gS ^:Fkysl daVuesaV (Ruthless Containment) vFkkZr~ ^fueZe fu;a=k.k*A
¥ HkhyokM+k ekWMy vkWiQ daVuesaV yxHkx 6 izeq[k pj.kksa esa foHkkftr gS
ftys dk vyxko%
ˆ iz'kklu }kjk CRPC dh /kjk 144 ds rgr ftys esa dÝ;Zw yxk;k x;kA
ˆ ftys dh lhekvksa dks lhy dj fn;k x;kA
ˆ 2 vizSy 2020 ls ftys esa iqfyl o LokLF; foHkkx NksM+dj lHkh vko';d lsokvksa dks Hkh fuyafcr dj fn;k x;k FkkA
gkWVLikV dh eSfiax%
ˆ gkWVLikWV {ks=kksa dh igpku dj muesa 'kwU; vkoktkgh lqfuf'pr dh x;h rFkk bu gkWVLikWV esa ,d oiQj tksu Hkh cuk;k x;k tgk¡ ls vko';d
lsokvksa dh igq¡p izHkkoh rjhds ls gks ldsA
Mksj Vw Mksj LØhfuax%
ˆ ftys esa 22-39 yk[k yksxksa dh LØhfuax dh x;h rFkk baUÝyq,atk&ykbd byusl (ILI) okys yksxksa dh igpku dj mUgsa fu;fer LØhfuax ds
fy, fpfÉr fd;k x;kA
ˆ ftys Hkj esa dqy 1]937 Vheksa dks rSukr fd;k x;k Fkk] ftUgsa 22 ekpZ ls 2 vizSy ds chp 4-41 yk[k ?kjksa dk losZ{k.k djuk FkkA
,xzslho dkaVsDV Vªsflax%
ˆ Mksj Vw Mksj izfd;k ds ekè;e ls fpfÉr ILI okys yksxksa ds laidZ esa vkus okys yksxksa dk Hkh irk yxkuk 'kq: dj fn;k x;kA
baufÚaftax DokjsuVkbu iQSflfyVh%
ˆ blds fy, ftyk iz'kklu us 4 futh vLirkyksa] 27 gksVyksa] 22 gksLVyksa dk mi;ksx mPp ok;jy yksM okys jksfx;ksa dks vyx djus esa fd;k]
ftlls ok;jl ?kjksa o bykdksa esa u iQSysA
ekWfuVfjax :jy ,fj;k%
ˆ 'kgjkas ds lkFk&lkFk xzkeh.k {ks=kksa esa Hkh fuxjkuh c<+k;h x;hA 'kgjksa esa 24×7 daVªksy :i LFkkfir fd;s x;s FksA

vkxs dh jkg
¥ dsUnz ljdkj HkhyokM+k ekWMy dks ykxw djus dh ;kstuk cuk jgh gS] ijarq
bls iwjs ns'k esa ykxw djuk bruk vklku ugha gksxkA
¥ ns'k esa dksjksuk ok;jl ds ekeyksa dh la[;k esa yxkrkj o`f¼ ds lkFk]
ljdkj dks ns'k esa lkekU; fLFkfr cgky djus ds fy, O;kid j.kuhfr
cukus dh vko';drk gSA
¥ blds vykok LFkkuh; iz'kklu rFkk tehuh Lrj ij xfBr Vheksa ds
l'kfDrdj.k ds fy, t:jh dkjokbZ dh vko';drk gSA

16 vizSy 2020 A vad&2

 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

5- Hkkjr }kjk AIIB ,oa ADB ls ½.k dh ekax

ppkZ dk dkj.k
¥ Hkkjr COVID&19 dk eqdkcyk djus ds fy, AIIB ,oa ADB ls $ 6 fcfy;u ds ½.k dh ekax dh gSA dsaæ ljdkj ns'k esa ijh{k.k vkSj cqfu;knh
lqfo/kvksa dks vkxs c<+kus ds fy, vko';d /u ds fy, ,f'k;u bUÚkLVªDpj bUosLVesaV cSad (AIIB) vkSj ADB ds lkFk ckrphr dj jgh gSA
¥ gky gh esa dksjksuk ok;jl dh pisV esa vk;s Hkkjr dks fo'o cSad us 76 vjc :i;s dh enn djus dk izLrko fd;k gSA
¥ fo'o cSad ls feyus okyh enn dk mi;ksx lqj{kk midj.kksa dh [kjhn vkSj ns'k ds fofHkUu vLirkyksa esa u, vyx okMZ dh LFkkiuk ds fy,
fd;k tk,xkA

,f'k;u bUizQkLVªDpj buosLVesaV cSad (AIIB)

¥ ,f'k;u bUÚkLVªDpj buosLVesaV cSad varjkZ"Vªh; foÙkh; laLFkk gS ftldk mís'; ,f'k;k& ç'kkar {ks=k esa cqfu;knh <kaps ds fuekZ.k dk leFkZu djuk
gSA bls if'pe opZLo okys ,f'k;kbZ fodkl cSad (ADB) vkSj fo'o cSad (WB) dh ,f'k;k dh çfrfØ;k ds :i esa ns•k tkrk gSA bldk
eq[;ky; chftax] phu esa gSA

,f'k;kbZ fodkl cSad (ADB) %

¥ ,f'k;kbZ fodkl cSad (ADB) ,d {ks=kh; fodkl cSad gS ftldh LFkkiuk 19 fnlEcj 1966 dks ,f'k;kbZ ns'kksa ds vkfFkZd fodkl ds lqxehdj.k
ds fy, dh x;h FkhA
¥ bl cSad dh LFkkiuk 31 lnL;ksa ds lkFk gqbZ Fkh] vc ,Mhch ds ikl vc 67 lnL; gSa & ftles ls 48 ,f'k;k vkSj iSflfiQd ls gSa vkSj 19
lnL; ckgjh gSaA
¥ ,Mhch (ADB) dk çk:i dkiQh gn rd fo'o cSad ds vk/kj ij cuk;k x;k Fkk vkSj fo'o cSad ds leku ;gka Hkh Hkkfjr oksV ç.kkyh dh
O;oLFkk gS ftles oksVksa dk forj.k lnL;ksa ds iwath vfHknku vuqikr ds vk/kj ij fd;k tkrk gSA

fo'o cSad dh vkikr lgk;rk

¥ fo'o cSad us dksjksuk ok;jl ls fuiVus ds fy, iwjs fo'o dks vkikr lgk;rk nsus dh ckr
dgh gSA
¥ fo'o cSad dh lgk;rk ifj;kstukvksa ds rgr igys nkSj esa 25 ns'kksa dks 1-9 vjc MkWyj dh
lgk;rk jkf'k iznku dh tk,xhA tcfd nwljs nkSj esa 40 ns'kksa dks 'kkfey fd;k tk,xk vkSj blh
Øe esa vkxs Hkh lgk;rk jkf'k izHkkfor ns'kksa dks iznku dh tk,xhA]
¥ nf{k.k ,f'k;k esa fo'o cSad us ikfdLrku ds fy, 20 djksM+ MkWyj] viQxkfuLrku ds fy, 10
djksM+ MkWyj] ekynho ds fy, 73 yk[k MkWyj vkSj Jhyadk ds fy, 12-86 djksM+ MkWyj dh
lgk;rk jkf'k dh eatwjh nh gSA
¥ fofnr gks fd fo'o cSad us dgk fd mlus oSf'od dksjksuk ok;jl egkekjh ds izHkko ls
fuiVus esa fofHkUu ns'kksa dh enn djus ds fy, 15 eghus ds fygkt ls 160 vjc MkWyj dh
vkikrdkyhu lgk;rk jkf'k eqgS;k djk;sxkA

fo'o cSad
¥ fo'o cSad dh LFkkiuk tqykbZ 1945 dks gqbZ FkhA bldk eq[;ky; okf'kaxVu Mh-lh esa gSA
¥ fo'o cSad ½.k nsus okyh ,d ,slh laLFkk gS ftldk mís'; fofHkUu ns'kksa dh vFkZO;oLFkkvksa dks ,d O;kid fo'o vFkZO;oLFkk esa 'kkfey
djuk vkSj fodkl'khy ns'kksa esa xjhch mUewyu dk iz;kl djuk gSA
¥ fo'o cSad ds dqy 189 lnL; ns'k gaSA bldk vkn'kZ okD; ¶fu/Zurk eqDr fo'o ds fy, dk;Z djuk¸ gSA

vizSy 2020 A vad&2 17

 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

6- ewY; fu/kZj.k ,oa lalk/u bdkbZ

ppkZ dk dkj.k
¥ gky gh esa tEew&d'ehj dsUnz 'kkflr izns'k esa ewY; fu/kZj.k ,oa lalk/u bdkbZ (ih,evkj;w) dh LFkkiuk dh x;hA
¥ ih,evkj;w dh LFkkiuk jk"Vªh; vkS"kf/ ewY; fu/kZj.k izkf/dj.k (,uihih,) }kjk dh x;h gSA

ifjp;
¥ tEew&d'ehj esa ih,evkj;w dh LFkkiuk ds lkFk gh vc ns'k esa ih,evkj;w okys jkT;ksa vkSj la?k 'kkflr izns'kksa dh la[;k c<+dj 12 gks x;h gSA
¥ mÙkj izns'k] dsjy] vksfM+'kk] fetksje] xqtjkr] jktLFkku] gfj;k.kk] ukxkyS.M] iatkc] f=kiqjk vkSj vka/z inzs'k esa ih,evkj;w dh LFkkiuk igys gh
dh tk pqdh gSA

ih,evkj;w
¥ ewY; fu/kZj.k vkSj lalk/u bdkbZ (ih,evkj;w) ,oa iathÑr lkslkbVh gSA
¥ ;g lacaf/r jkT; ds ^jkT; vkS"k/ fu;a=kd* (State Drug Contoller) ds izR;{k fu;a=k.k vkSj i;Zos{k.k ds rgr dk;Z djrk gSA
¥ ih,evkj;w dks jk"Vªh; vkS"kf/ ewY; fu/kZj.k izkf/dj.k }kjk vkorhZ vkSj xSj&vkorhZ [kpksZa ds fy, foÙk iksf"kr fd;k tkrk gSA

ih,evkj;w ds dk;Z
¥ ih,evkj;w lLrh dherksa ij nokvksa dh miyC/rk vkSj igq¡p lqfuf'pr djus esa (,uihih,) jk"Vªh; vkS"kf/ ewY; fu/kZj.k izkf/dj.k vkSj jkT;
vkS"k/ fu;a=kd dh enn djrk gS blds vfrfjDr] ih,evkj;w ;g Hkh lqfuf'pr djrk gS fd cktkj esa nokvksa dh dher bruh gks fd fuekZrk
dks Hkh ykHk igq¡ps vkSj xzkgd Hkh bUgsa ogu dj ldsaA
¥ ih,evkj;w }kjk lsfeukj] izf'k{k.k dk;ZØe vkSj fofHkUu izdkj ds tkx:drk dk;ZØe vk;ksftr fd;s tkrs gSa rkfd nokvksa ds ckjs esa ykxksa dks
vf/d ls vf/d tkudkjh miyC/ djk;h tk ldsA
¥ ih,evkj;w nokvksa ds lSEiy bdV~Bk djrk gS vkSj fofHkUu izdkj ds MkVk dk fo'ys"k.k djds fjiksVZ rS;kj djrk gS rkfd nokvksa dk lgh
dher igpkuh tk lds vkSj mlh vuqlkj mudh cktkj esa miyC/rk lqfuf'pr dh tk ldsA
¥ ih,evkj;w nokvksa esa ;fn dksbZ folaxfr ikrk gS rks viuh fjiksVZ esa vkS"k/ ewY; fu;a=k.k vkns'k (Mhihlhvks) ds rgr dk;ZokbZ dh laLrqfr Hkh
djrk gSA

,uihih,
¥ jk"Vªh; vkS"kf/ ewY; fu/kZj.k izkf/dj.k (,uihih,) iQkekZL;wfVd {ks=k esa nokvksa vkfn ds ewY;ksa
ds laca/ esa fofu;ked fudk; gSA bldh LFkkiuk Hkkjr ljdkj ds izLrko ds rgr 1997 esa dh
x;h FkhA
¥ ,uihih,] Hkkjr ljdkj ds jlk;u mojZd ea=kky; ds iQkekZL;wfVdy foHkkx ds varxZr vkrk gSA
¥ ,uihih,] nokvksa dh dherksa ds vykok mudh lLrh igq¡p ,oa miyC/rk dh Hkh ns[k&js[k djrk gSA
¥ ,uihih, }kjk vkS"kf/ ewY; fu;a=k.k (Mhihlhvks) ds rgr fu;fer :i ls nokvksa dh ,d lwph
vkSj mudh vf/dre dher r; dh tkrhA uohure Mhihlhvks 2013 esa tkjh fd;k x;k Fkk ftlesa
384 nokvksa dh lwph gSA

vkxs dh jkg
¥ ,sls le; esa tcfd ns'k dksfoM&19 tSlh egkekjh ls tw> jgk gS] rc ih,evkj;w }kjk tEew&d'ehj esa nokvksa dh T;knk dhersa olwys tkus
ds ekeyksa dh fuxjkuh djus ds lkFk gh LFkkuh; Lrj ij tek[kksjh ds dkj.k nokvksa dh deh tSlh leL;kvksa dk irk yxk;s tkus dk dke
dkiQh egÙoiw.kZ gksxkA

18 vizSy 2020 A vad&2

 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

7- dksfoM&19 VsLV ds fy, dsjy ekWMy

ppkZ dk dkj.k
¥ ns'k esa dksjksuk ok;jl ds laØe.k ds yxHkx 8000 ls T;knk ekeys vc rd lkeus vk pqds gSaA bl lanHkZ esa dsjy ljdkj us cM+h la[;k esa
yksxksa ds dksjksuk ijh{k.k ds fy, jSfiM ,aVhckWMh VsLV dk bLrseky fd;kA
¥ dsjy ljdkj dks blds fy, Hkkjrh; fpfdRlk vuqla/ku ifj"kn (vkblh,evkj) dh eatwjh Hkh fey xbZ gSA

jSfiM VsLV D;k gS\

¥ O;fÙkQ ds 'kjhj esa fdlh Hkh çdkj dk ok;jy laØe.k gqvk gS ;k ugha] ;g tkuus ds fy, jSfiM VsLV fd;k tkrk gSA
¥ tc dksbZ jksxk.kq O;fÙkQ ds 'kjhj esa ços'k djrk gS rks ok;jl dh çfrfØ;k Lo:i 'kjhj ,aVhckWMht tkjh djrk gSA jSfiM VsLV bu ,aVhckWMht
dks jÙkQ] lhje ;k IykTek uewuksa esa irk yxkdj laØe.k dh igpku djrk gSA
¥ vkerkSj ij egkekjh ds nkSjku ok;jl ds dE;qfuVh Vªkalfe'ku dh tkap ds fy, ;g ijh{k.k fd;k tkrk gSA LokLF; foHkkx ds vuqlkj ;g
lkekU; ijh{k.k gS vkSj O;fÙkQ ds CyM lSaiy ls fd;k tk ldrk gSA lkFk gh blds urhts egt 10 ls 30 feuV esa vk tkrs gSaA ;g dkiQh
de dher esa gks ldrk gSA
¥ dsjy ds ,ukZdqye ftyk ç'kklu us dksjksuk ok;jl ijh{k.k ds fy, ,d buksosfVo ekWMy rS;kj fd;k gSA ;s ekWMy nf{k.k dksfj;k ds ^Mªkbo&Fkzw
VsfLVax lsaVj* dh rtZ ij cuk, x, gSaA

okWd&bu lSaiy dh&vksLd

¥ dh&vksLd ,d dsfcu gS] tks lHkh rjiQ ls can gS vkSj lkeus ,d Xykl LØhu
yxh gksrh gSA bu LØhu esa nks vksifuax gksrh gSa] ftlesa nks cM+s jcj Xyo yxs gksrs
gSaA ftl O;fÙkQ dk VsLV gksuk gksrk gS] mls Xykl LØhu ds lkeus cSBuk gksrk gSA
¥ LokLF; dehZ lSfuVkbtj ls gkFk lkiQ dj] fMLikstscy Xyo igudj nksuksa jcj
Xyo esa gkFk Mkyrk gSA LokLF; dehZ vkSj O;fÙkQ ds chp dksbZ 'kjhfjd laidZ
ugha gksrk gSA
¥ bl dh&vksLd ds tfj, fdlh Hkh O;fÙkQ dh ukd ;k xys ls LoSc lSaiy] ;k
fiQj CyM lSaiy nks feuV esa fy;k tk ldrk gSA blds vykok blds tfj,
VsLV ds nkSjku LokLF; dehZ dks iwjh PPE fdV iguus dh t:jr ugha gksrh gSA
¥ blls LokLF; foHkkx ij PPE fdV •jhnus dk vkfFkZd ncko Hkh de gksxkA iwjs
ns'k esa PPE fdV dh deh py jgh gSA lkFk gh LokLF; dehZ LFkkuh; Lrj ij
lSaiy bdêòk dj ldrs gSaA blls ijh{k.k ds fy, vLirky esa tkus dh t:jr
de gksxhA

vkblh,evkj dk utfj;k
¥ bl rjg dh egkekjh esa jSfiM ijh{k.k csgn gh dkjxj fl¼ gks ldrk gS] ysfdu ;g lklZ&lhvksoh 2 laØe.k dh iqf"V djus okyk VsLV ugha
gS tks fd dksjksuk ok;jl laØe.k dk dkjd curk gSA
¥ vkblh,evkj us vius fn'kkfunZs'kksa esa lkiQ dgk gS fd dksjksuk ok;jl ds laØe.k dh tkap ds fy, jSfiM ,aVhckWMh fdV dh fliQkfj'k ugha
dh tkrh gSA ;g çkFkfed LØhfuax VsLV gSA ;fn VsLV ikWftfVo vkrk gS rks ;g lklZ&lhvksoh 2 dk ladsr nsrk gSA
¥ ogha usxsfVo VsLV fjiksVZ vkus ij Hkh dksfoM&19 ds laØe.k ls budkj ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA O;fÙkQ dks lklZ&lhvksoh2 ok;jl dh iqf"V ds
fy, ikWfyej psu fj,D'ku (ihlhvkj) VsLV djokuk gh pkfg,A jSfiM VsLV ok;jy laØe.k ds 7&10 fnuksa ds eè; gh ikWftfVo vkrk gS vkSj
mlds dbZ lIrkg ckn rd ikWftfVo jgrk gSA

vizSy 2020 A vad&2 19

 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

lkr oLrqfu"B iz'u rFkk muds O;k[;k lfgr mÙkj

(czsu cwLVlZ ij vkèkkfjr)

O;k[;k% ft;ksiQsflax ,d LFkku vk/kfjr lsok gS ftlesa ,d ,si

1- ch-lh-th- oSDlhu ;k vU; lkWÝVos;j thih,l] vkj,iQvkbZMh] okbZ&iQkbZ ;k lsyqyj MsVk
iz- ch-lh-th- (cSflyl dSyesV&xq,fju) Vhdk ls lacaf/r dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA ft;ksiQsflax ls 300 ehVj dh ifjf/ rd
fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft,& lVhd tkudkjh ikbZ tk ldrh gSA dksfoM&19 ekeyksa dks VªSd djus gsrq
ft;ksiQsflax dk iz;ksx djus okys jkT;ksa esa dsjy igyk jkT; gSA vr%
1- ch-lh-th-] Vhch (;{ek@risfnd) tSlh xaHkhj chekjh ls cpko
mi;qZDr rhuksa dFku lR; gSaA n
ds fy, uotkr f'k'kq dks fn;k tkus okyk Vhdk gSA
2- Hkkjr ds iq.ks esa fLFkr lhje baLVhV~;wV vkWiQ bf.M;k] nqfu;k dh
lcls cM+h (BCG) oSDlhu fuekZrk gSA 3- vkWijs'ku lathouh
mi;ZqÙkQ es ls dkSu lk@ls dFku lgh gS@ gaS\
iz- vkWijs'ku lathouh ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa ij fopkj
(a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 2
dhft,&
(c) dsoy 1 vkSj 2 (d) mijksDr esa ls dksbZ ughaA
1- Hkkjr us ekynho esa fpfdRlh; vkiwfrZ ds fy, ,d fe'ku dks
mÙkj% (c) vatke fn;k] ftldk uke gS ^vkWijs'ku lathouh* gSA
O;k[;k% ch-lh-th- ;k cSflyl dSyesV xq,fju risfnd jksx ds fy, ,d 2- Hkkjr dk vkWijs'ku lathouh] lHkh lkdZ ns'kksa esa Hkkjr ds
Vhdk gSA Hkkjr esa 1962 esa us'kuy Vhch izksxzke 'kq: gqvk Fkk rc ls bl dk;ZØe fo'okl dks c<+k,xkA
ds }kjk izR;sd f'k'kq dks BCG dk Vhdk yxk;k tkrk gSA ,d 'kks/ ds vuqlkj
;g ns[kk x;k fd ftu eqYdksa esa chlhth oSDlhus'ku gks jgk gS] ogka dksjksuk dh 3- vkWijs'ku ladV ekspu&2016 esa nf{k.k vizQhdk ls dsjy ds
otg ls ekSr ds ekeyksa esa deh gSA iw.ks fLFkr lh,e bULVhV~;wV vkWiQ bf.M;k] ukxfjdksa dks okil ykus ds fy, fd;k x;k FkkA
nqfu;k dk lcls cM+k BCG oSDlhu fuekZrk gSA n mi;qZDr esa ls dkSu&lk@ls dFku lgh ugha gS@gSa\
dsoy 1 dsoy 2
2- ft;ksiQsaflax (a)

(c) dsoy 1 vkSj 3

(b)

(d) dsoy 3
mÙkj% (d)
iz- ft;ksiQsflax ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft,&
O;k[;k% vkWijks'ku ladV ekspu 2016 esa nf{k.k lwMku ls Hkkjrh;
1- ft;ksiQsflax ,d LFkku vk/kfjr lsok gS ftlesa ,d ,si ;k vU;
ukxfjdksa dks okil ykus ds fy, 'kq: fd;k x;k FkkA vr% mi;qDZ r esa ls
lkWÝVos;j thih,l] vkj,iQvkbZMh] okbZ&iQkbZ ;k lsyqyj MsVk
dFku 3 xyr gSA n
dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA
2- ft;ksiQsflax ls 300 ehVj dh ifjf/ rd lVhd tkudkjh ikbZ
tk ldrh gSA
4- HkhyokM+k ekWMy
3- dksfoM&19 ekeyksa dks VªSd djus gsrq ft;ksiQsflax dk iz;ksx iz- HkhyokM+k ekWMy ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa ij fopkj
djus okys jkT;ksa esa dsjy igyk jkT; gSA dhft,&
mi;qZDr esa ls dkSu&lk@ls dFku lgh gS@gSa\ 1- HkhyokM+k ekWMy esa jktLFkku ds HkhyokM+k ftys esa iz'kklu
(a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 2 vkSj 3 }kjk dksfoM&19 ds lanHkZ esa mBk;s x;s dneksa dk ftØ gSA
(c) dsoy 1 vkSj 2 (d) mi;qZDr lHkh 2- HkhyokM+k ekWMy vkWiQ daVsuesaV yxHkx 6 izeq[k pj.kksa esa
mÙkj% (d) foHkkftr fd;k x;k gSA

20 vizSy 2020 A vad&2

 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

mi;ZqÙkQ esa ls dkSu lk@ls dFku lgh gS@gSa\ ewY; fu/kZj.k ,oa lalk/u bdkbZ (Price Monotaring and
(a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 1 vkSj 2 Resource Unit-PMRU) dh LFkkiuk dhA

(c) 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa (d) buesa ls dksbZ ugha 2- tEew ,oa d'ehj izFke jkT;@la?k 'kkflr izns'k cu x;k gS
mÙkj% (c) tgk¡ ewY; fu/kZj.k ,oa lalk/u bdkbZ dh LFkkiuk dh xbZ
O;k[;k% HkhyokM+k ekWMy esa jktLFkku ds HkhyokM+k ftys esa gSA
iz'kklu }kjk dksfoM&19 ds lanHkZ esa mBk;s x;s dneksa dk ftØ gSA mi;ZqÙkQ es ls dkSu lk@ls dFku lgh gS@ gaS\
HkhyokM+k ekWMy vkWiQ daVsuesaV yxHkx 6 izeq[k pj.kksa esa foHkkftr (a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 2
fd;k x;k gSA mi;qZDr nksuksa dFku lR; gSA n
(c) 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa (d) mi;qZDr lHkh

5- Hkkjr }kjk AIIB ,oa ADB ls mÙkj% (a)

O;k[;k% 1 vizSy 2020 dks jk"Vªh; vkS"kf/ ewY; fu/kZj.k izkf/

½.k dh ekax dj.k (NPPA) us dsUnz'kkflr izns'k tEew ,oa d'ehj esa ewY; fu/kZj.k
,oa lalk/u bdkbZ (Price Monotaring and Resource Unit) dh LFkkiuk
iz- ,f'k;kbZ volajpuk fuos'k cSad (AIIB) ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf[kr
dhA ewY; fu/kZj.k ,oa lalk/u bdkbZ PMRU igys ls gh 11 jkT;ksa esa
dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft,&
LFkkfir gS] ftuesa dsjy] vksfM'kk] xqtjkr] jktLFkku] iatkc] gfj;k.kk]
1- AIIB (,f'k;kbZ volajpuk fuos'k cSad) dk y{; ,f'k;k&iz'kkar ukxkyS.M] f=kiqjk] mÙkjizns'k] vka/zizns'k vkSj fetksje 'kkfey gaSA n
{ks=k esa vkfFkZd fodkl dks c<+kok nsuk gSA
2- bldk eq[;ky; ubZ fnYyh (Hkkjr) esa gSA
3- Hkkjr bldk lcls cM+k 'ks;j /kjd gSA
7- dksfoM&19 VsLV ds fy, dsjy
mi;ZqÙkQ es ls dkSu lk@ls dFku lgh gS@gaS\ ekWMy
(a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 1 vkSj 2
(c) dsoy 1 vkSj 3 (d) mi;qZDr lHkh iz- fuEufyf•r dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft,&
mÙkj% (a) 1- O;fÙkQ ds 'kjhj esa fdlh Hkh çdkj dk ok;jy laØe.k gqvk
O;k[;k% ,f'k;kbZ volajpuk fuos'k cSad (AIIB) phu }kjk 'kq: fd;k gS ;k ugha] ;g tkuus ds fy, jSfiM VsLV fd;k tkrk gSA
x;k ,d cgqi{kh; fodkl cSad gS] ftldk mís'; ,f'k;k&iz'kkar {ks=k esa 2- bl VsLV ds fy, okWd&bulSaiydhvksLd ds ekè;e ls fdlh
cqfu;knh <kaps ds fuekZ.k dk leFkZu djuk gSA bldk eq[;ky; chftax Hkh O;fÙkQ dh ukd ;k xys ls LoSc lSaiy] ;k fiQj CyM
(phu) esa gSA phu AIIB esa vius 27» oksfVax 'ks;j ds varxZr izFke LFkku lSaiy nks feuV esa fy;k tkrk gS
ij gSA Hkkjr 7-7 izfr'kr ds lkFk nwljk lcls cM+k 'ks;j /kjd gSA blds
mi;ZqÙkQ es ls dkSu lk@ls dFku lgh gS\
ckn :l 6-1» vkSj teZuh 4-27» ds lkFk gSaA bls if'peh opZLo okys
,f'k;kbZ fodkl cSad (ADB) vkSj fo'o cSad (World bank) dh ,f'k;k esa (a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 2
izfrfØ;k ds :i esa ns[kk tkrk gSA n (c) dsoy 1 vkSj 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2
mÙkj% (c)
6- ewY; fu/kZj.k ,oa lalk/u O;k[;k% O;fÙkQ ds 'kjhj esa fdlh Hkh çdkj dk ok;jy laØe.k

bdkbZ
iz- ewY; fu/kZj.k ,oa lalk/u bdkbZ (PMRU) ls lacaf/r fuEufyf[kr
dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft,&
1- jk"Vªh; vkS"kf/ ewY; fu/kZj.k izkf/dj.k (National Pharmacrutical
Pricing Unit-NPPA) us dsUnz'kkflr izns'k tEew ,oa d'ehj esa
gqvk gS ;k ugha] ;g tkuus ds fy, jSfiM VsLV fd;k tkrk gSA tc dksbZ
jksxk.kq O;fÙkQ ds 'kjhj esa ços'k djrk gS rks ok;jl dh çfrfØ;k Lo:i
'kjhj ,aVhckWMht tkjh djrk gSA jSfiM VsLV bu ,aVhckWMht dks jÙkQ] lhje
;k IykTek uewuksa esa irk yxkdj ds laØe.k dh igpku djrk gSA vkerkSj
ij egkekjh ds nkSjku ok;jl ds dE;qfuVh Vªkalfe'ku dh tkap ds fy, bl
VsLV dks fd;k tkrk gSA bl çdkj nksuksa dFku lgh gSaA n

vizSy 2020 A vad&2 21


lkr egRoiw.kZ [kcjsa
1- uklk dk u;k jMkj Tokykeq[kh vkSj Hkwdai dh psrkouh nsxk
¥ gky gh esa uklk }kjk fodflr Cubesat
Imaging Radar for Earth Science
(CIRES) Tokykeq•h foLiQksV vkSj Hkwdai
dh 'kq#vkrh psrkouh dk ladsr nsxkA
bl jkMkj ls miyC/ vkadM+s ml {ks=k
dh igpku djus esa enn djsaxs tgka
,sls fdlh ladV ds nkSjku vkink jkgr
igqapkbZ tkuh pkfg,A
¥ uklk ds vuqlkj] CIRES ,d S- cSaM
baVjiQsjksesfVªd flaFksfVd ,ipZj jMkj
(InSAR) ls ySl gSA S- cSaM jkMkj ds
}kjk ?kus taxyksa ds chp ls Hkh i`Foh dh
lrg dk fp=k fy;k tk ldrk gSA CIRE
}kjk fdlh fof'k"V {ks=k dh nks jkMkj
fp=kksa dks nks vyx&vyx le; ij
varfj{k esa ,d gh LFkku ls ysrk gSA
2- ^LVªSaMsM bu bafM;k* iksVZy dk 'kqHkkjEHk
¥ i;ZVu ea=kky;] Hkkjr ljdkj us Hkkjr esa
fofHkUu fgLlksa esa iQals fons'kh i;ZVdksa dks
lgk;rk igqapkus ds mís'; ls ,d iksVZy dk
'kqHkkjEHk fd;k gSA bl iksVZy ij vius&vius
ns'k ls nwj Hkkjr esa iQals fons'kh i;ZVdksa ds
fy, fofHkUu lsokvksa ls tqM+h tkudkfj;ka
nh xbZ gSaA bl iksVZy dk uke ^LVªSaMsM bu
bafM;k* gS vkSj bldk mís'; fons'kh i;ZVdksa
ds fy, ,d lgk;d usVodZ ds :i esa
dke djuk gSA
¥ ;g i;ZVdksa fo'ks"kdj nwljs ns'kksa ls ?kweus
vk, i;ZVdksa dh csgrjh lqfuf'pr djus
dh fn'kk esa fd;k x;k ,d ç;kl gSA
22
rRi'pkr mu nksuksa fp=kksa esa varj ns[k dj
lwpuk dk laxzg.k fd;k tkrk gSA
;g mixzg dSls dke djsxk
Hkwdaiksa ds fy,] CIRES ds u, fdLe ds
¥
jMkj Hkwdai ds vkus ls igys gh blds •rjs
dks Hkkai ldrs gSaA
¥ fdlh Tokykeq•h foLiQksV ls igys mHkkj
?kVuk gksrh gSA eSXek tek gksrk gS vkSj
ftlds dkj.k tehu FkksM+h&lh Åij dh
rjiQ mHkjrh gSA InSAR bl mHkkj dk
fujh{k.k dj ldrk gS vkSj ml fo'ks"k
{ks=k esa Tokykeq•h foLiQksV ds ckjs esa
iwoZ&psrkouh ns ldrk gSA
¥ vesfjdh HkwxHkhZ; loZs{k.k ds ,d
HkwHkkSfrdhfon dsyh ,aMjlu ds vuqlkj]
ifjp;
¥ fo'oHkj esa dksjksuk ok;jl ,d egkekjh
dk :i ys pqdh gS] ftlds pyrs Hkkjr
lesr lHkh ns'kksa us baVjus'kuy gokbZ
;k=kkvksa ij çfrca/ yxk fn;k gSA Hkkjr
ljdkj us dksjksuks ok;jl ds çlkj dks
jksdus gsrq 24 ekpZ dks 21 fnuksa ds fy,
ns'kO;kih ykWdMkmu dh ?kks"k.kk dh gSA
¥ njvly] Hkkjr lesr yxHkx lHkh ns'kks
esa varjkZ"Vªh; gokbZ ;k=kkvksa ij çfrca/
yxkus ds ihNs laØe.k dks iQSyus nsus
ls jksduk Fkk] D;ksafd dksjksuk laØe.k
lelkef;dh : Perfect 7
^;|fi] ;g vuqeku yxkuk eqf'dy gksxk
fd ;g Hkkoh foLiQksV fdruk yack ;k
cM+k gksxk*A
uklk ds ckjs esa
¥ uklk dh LFkkiuk o"kZ 1958 esa dh xbZ Fkh
vkSj ;g la;qÙkQ jkT; vesfjdk dh la?kh;
ljdkj dk ,d Lora=k fudk; gSA ;g
ukxfjd varfj{k dk;ZØe ds lkFk&lkFk
oSekfudh ,oa vUrfj{k rduhdh vuqla/
ku ls tqM+s lkjs dkedkt laHkkyrk gSA
¥ uklk dk mís'; voyksdu ç.kkyh ds
ekè;e ls i`Foh dh csgrj le> o iwjs
lkSj eaMy esa fLFkr vU; fudk;ksa dh
•kst djus ds lkFk&lkFk HkkSfrdh fo"k;ksa
ds ckjs esa vuqla/ku djuk gSA
ds vf/drj ekeys nwljs ns'kksa ls ykSVs
;kf=k;ksa ls vf/d lkeus vk jgs FksA
bl iksVZy ls ykHk
¥ ;g iksVZy mu i;ZVdksa ds fy, enndkjh
gksxk] tks nwljs ns'kksa ls vkdj Hkkjr esa
iQal x, gSaA
¥ ea=kky; ds vuqlkj ;g ^LVªsaMsM bu bafM;k
iksVZy* dh 'kq:vkr vU; ns'kksa ls vk,
vkSj Hkkjr esa iQals fons'kh ukxfjdksa dh
dq'kyrk lqfuf'pr djus dk ç;kl gSA
¥ iksVZy strandedinindia. com ij
vizSy 2020 A vad&2
 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7
dksfoM&19 gsYiykbu uacj laca/h lexz
tkudkjh eqgS;k djkbZ xbZ gS] tks fons'kh
i;ZVd fdlh Hkh izdkj dh lgk;rk izkIr
3-ekuo lalk/u fodkl ea=kky; us ykap fd;k ^lek/ku* pSysat
¥ gky gh esa dsUæh; ekuo lalk/u fodkl
ea=kky; us ns'k esa COVID -19 dk eqdkcyk
djus ds fy, ,d ¶lek/ku¸ pSysat 'kq:
fd;k gSA bl vkWuykbu pSysat dks ekuo
lalk/u fodkl ea=kky; ds buksosfVo
lsy vkSj AICTE (vkWy bafM;k dkmafly
iQkWj VsfDudy ,tqds'ku) us iQkstZ vkSj
buksosVD;wfjl ds lkFk feydj ykWUp fd;k
gSA
eq[; fcanq
¥ ¶lek/ku¸ pSysat dk mís'; Nk=kksa dks
ubZ •kst djus vkSj u, ç;ksx djus ds
4- vesfjdk esa ckf?ku dks dksjksuk ok;jl dk laØe.k
¥ okbYM ykbiQ datoZs'ku lkslkbVh ds
czksaDl tw dh ,d •cj ds eqrkfcd]
U;w;kWdZ 'kgj ds ,d ck?k dks dksjksuks
ok;jl VsLV esa ikWftfVo ik;k x;k gSA
pkj lky dh eknk ck?k dk uke ukfn;k
gSA blds lkFk gh lkFk rhu vU; ck?k
vkSj rhu vÚhdh 'ksj esa Hkh lw•h •k¡lh
dh f'kdk;r ntZ dh xbZ gSA czksaDl
fpfM+;k?kj 16 ekpZ ls gh turk ds fy,
can dj fn;k x;k FkkA
¥ bl ?kVuk ds ckn vc Hkkjr lfgr iwjh
nqfu;k dh fpark c<+ xbZ gSA ns'k ds
lHkh fpfM+;k?kjksa esa gkbZ vyVZ tkjh dj
fn;k x;k gSA lhlhVhoh ds tfj, lHkh
tkuojksa dh 24 ?kaVs fuxjkuh dk vkns'k
fn;k x;k gSA
5- çfrpØh; iw¡th ciQj
¥ gky gh esa Hkkjrh; fjtoZ cSad us çfrpØh;
iw¡th ciQj (Counter cyclical capital buffer
– CcyB) ;kstuk ds dk;kZUo;u dks Vky
fn;k gS vkSj fu;kZr ls gksus okys ykHk ds
fy, olwyh dh vof/ c<+k nh gSA
vizSy 2020 A vad&2
djus ds fy, ç;ksx dj ldrs gSaA
¥ iksVZy ij fons'k ea=kky; ds fu;a=k.k dsæksa
ds ckjs esa tkudkjh ds lkFk gh muds
fy, çsfjr djuk vkSj mu lek/kuksa ds
lkFk vkuk gS tks COVID-19 ls yM+us esa
enn djsaxsA pqus x, lek/ku ljdkjh
vLirkyksa] LokLF; lsokvksa vkSj vU;
lsokvksa esa ykxw fd, tk;saxsA
Hkkjr ds le{k pqukSfr;k¡
ok;jl dks jksdus esa lHkh ns'kksa dh
¥
pqukSfr;k¡ ,d nwljs ls fHkUu&fHkUu gksrh
gSaA D;ksafd ok;jl dk çlkj LFkykÑfr
ds vk/kj ij fHkUu gksrk gSA blfy,]
fofHkUUk ns'kksa ds lkeus vkus okyh
pqukSfr;ka Hkh vyx&vyx gSaA
¥ Hkkjrh; dsaæh; fpfM+;k?kj çkf/dj.k dh
vksj ls tkjh c;ku esa dgk x;k gS fd
ns'kHkj ds fpfM+;k?kjksa dks lykg nh tkrh
gS fd os fdlh Hkh y{k.k @ vlkekU;
O;ogkj ds fy, lhlhVhoh ds ekè;e ls
24X7 tkuojksa dh fuxjkuh djsa rFkk U;w;kWdZ
ds czksaDl tw esa ck?k dks gq, dksjksuk ok;jl
laØe.k ds eísutj gkbZ vyVZ ij jgsaA
i`"BHkwfe
¥ vesfjdk esa dksjksuk ok;jl cM+h rsth ls
iQSy jgk gSA ;g vc balkuksa ls tkuojksa
esa igqap jgk gS] ;s csgn xaHkhj eqík gSA
vesfjdk esa 05 yk• 40 gtkj ls vf/d
yksx dksjksuk ok;jl ls laØfer gSaA phu esa
fnlacj 2019 esa igyh ckj dksjksuk ok;jl
dk irk pyk FkkA blds ckn ls fo'oHkj
(Counter Cyclical Capital Buffer – CCyB)
¥ çfrpØh; iw¡th ciQj ;kstuk Hkkjrh; fjtoZ
cSad }kjk 5 iQjojh] 2015 dks vkjEHk dh
xbZ Fkh ftlesa ;g dgk x;k Fkk fd CCyB
dks ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds vuqlkj le;&le; ij
lfØ; cuk;k tk,xkA
laidZ dh tkudkjh vkSj jkT; vFkok {ks=k
vk/kfjr i;ZVu lgk;rk laca/h lwpuk Hkh
miyC/ gSA
Hkkjr ds lkeus pqukSfr;ka fuEukuqlkj gS%a
¥ mPp tula[;k ?kuRo dk gksukA
¥ [kjkc lkoZtfud LoPNrkA ,slk blfy, gS
D;ksfa d dbZ yksx lM+d ij Fkwdrs gSAa
¥ ok;jl dh Å"ek;u vof/ vHkh rd lVhd
:i ls Kkr ugha gSA Å"ek;u vof/ ,d
O;fÙkQ ds laØfer gksus vkSj mlds y{k.k
fn•us ds chp dk le; varjky gSA
¥ lks'ky ehfM;k ij iQsd U;wt dk izpkj ,oa
izlkjA
¥ ok;jl ds dkj.k ykxw fd;k x;k ykWdMkmu
vFkZO;oLFkk dks cqjh rjg çHkkfor dj jgk gSA
esa vcrd yxHkx ,d yk[k yksxksa dh ekSr
gks pqdh gS] tcfd 17 yk• ls T;knk yksx
laØfer gks pqds gSaA blesa ls 3 yk• 60
gtkj ls T;knk yksx iwjh rjg ls Bhd Hkh
gks pqds gSaA
vU; dsl
¥ blls igys csfYt;e esa ,d fcYyh esa
dksjksuk ok;jl ds laØe.k dk igyk
ekeyk lkeus vk;k FkkA csfYt;e ds gsYFk
fMikVZesaV us bl ekeys dh iqf"V dh gSA
blds igys gkaxdkax esa nks dqÙkksa dks ok;jl
ls laØfer ik;k x;k FkkA gkaxdkax ds Ñf"k
eRL; vkSj laj{k.k foHkkx dk dguk Fkk fd
;s ,slk dsl Fkk] ftlesa balkuksa ls tkuojksa esa
laØe.k iQSyus dh laHkkouk fn• jgh FkhA
;kstuk
çfrpØh; iw¡th ciQj (COUNTER CYCLICAL
CAPITAL BUFFER – CCyB) D;k gS\
¥ bl dk mís'; cSafdax {ks=k dks le;&le;
ij vFkZO;oLFkk dks gksus okys tksf•eksa ls
mRiUu gkfu;ksa ls lqjf{kr j•uk gSA
23

¥ blds varxZr cSadksa dks ml le; ds fy,
iw¡th cuk;s j•uk gksrk gS tc vkfFkZd ,oa
foÙkh; ifjos'k cqjh voLFkk esa gksA
¥ bl ciQj iw¡th dk mi;ksx] cSad Hkfo"; esa
gksus okys ?kkVs ds le; dj ldrs gSaA
6- vkjksX; lsrq
¥ dksjksuk ok;jl laØe.k dks iQSyus ls jksdus
gsrq ?kjksa esa ftu yksxksa dks DokjaVhu fd;k
x;k gS mu ij vc ljdkj utj j•us
ds fy, rduhd dk lgkjk ys jgh gSA
blds lkFk gh rduhd ds tfj, gh dksjksuk
laØfer yksxksa ds ewoesaV ij Hkh utj j•h
tk jgh gSA blh ds eísutj dsaæ ljdkj us
gky gh esa ^vkjksX; lsrq* ,si ykWUp fd;k
gSA bl ,si ds tfj, yksx vius vklikl
dksjksuk ds ejhtksa ds ckjs esa Hkh tkudkjh
gkfly dj ldrs gSaA
¥ ljdkj dk eq[; mís'; bl ,si ds tfj,
;wtlZ dh enn djuk gS rkfd os ;g tku
ldsa fd D;k os dksjksuk ls laØfer ejhtksa
ds laidZ esa vk, gSa ;k ughaA ;wtlZ ds
LekVZiQksu ds yksds'ku MkVk vkSj CywVwFk ds
bLrseky ls laØe.k dk irk yxk;k tk,xkA
¥ ljdkj blls igys Hkh ^dksjksuk dop* uke
ds eksckby ,i dks ykWUPk dj pqdh gSA
7- d'ehj esa u, Mksfelkby fu;e dk ,syku
¥ tEew d'ehj ls Lis'ky LVsV~l okil fy,
tkus ds vkB eghus ckn dsaæ ljdkj us
,d vge iQSlyk ysrs gq, dsaæ 'kkflr
çns'k tEew&d'ehj esa u;k Mksfelkby
fu;e dks ykxw dj fn;k gSA dsaæ 'kkflr
çns'k tEew&d'ehj esa 15 lkyksa ls jg jgs
ukxfjd bl Mksfelkby ds gdnkj gksaxsA
blds rgr ftu cPpksa us lkr o"kZ rd dsaæ
'kkflr çns'k ds Ldwyksa esa i<+kbZ dh gS vkSj
nloha ;k ckjgoha d{kk dh ijh{kk nh gS] os
Hkh tEew&d'ehj ds Mksfelkby gksaxsA mUgsa
24
i`"BHkwfe
¥ 2007&09 esa ?kfVr foÙkh; ladV ds le;
çfrpØh; iw¡th ciQj dh ifjdYiuk
dh xbZ Fkh vkSj fo'o ds lHkh dsUæh;
(Aarogya Setu) eksckby ,si
dksjksuk VªSdj ,si vkjksX; lsrq fiQygky 11
Hkk"kkvksa esa dke djsxk ftlesa fganh vkSj
vaxzsth Hkh 'kkfey gSaA blds vykok vkjksX;
lsrq ,si ;wtj dks •qn dks egkekjh ls cpkus
ds fVIl Hkh nsrh gSA
dSls dke djrh gS ,si\
¥ ;g ,si iQksu ds yksds'ku MkVk vkSj CywVwFk
dk mi;ksx dj ns•rh gS fd dgha ;wtj
fdlh dksjksuk ok;jl ls laØfer O;fÙkQ ds
laidZ esa rks ugha vk;k gSA bls laØferksa
dk MkVkcsl ds lkFk tksM+k x;k gSA ;g ,si
yksds'ku MkVk ds tfj;s ;wtlZ dh yksds'ku
dh irk yxkrh gS vkSj CywVwFk dusfDVfoVh
dk lgk;rk ls ;g ns•k tkrk gS fd ;wtj
fdlh laØfer O;fÙkQ ds Ng iQhV ds nk;js
esa vk;k gS ;k ughaA
¥ ;g ;wtj dks blds vk/kj ij vxyk dne
mBkus dh lykg nsrh gSA ;fn ;wtj gkbZ
ljdkjh ukSdfj;ka Hkh fey ik,axhA ,sls yksx
vius bykds ds rglhynkj ls ewy fuoklh
lfVZfiQdsV cuok ldrs gSaA
¥ fu;eksa esa cnyko ds rgr jkT; esa 10
lky rd lsok,a ns pqds vf•y Hkkjrh;
lsokvksa (Dykl&,) ds viQljksa] lkoZtfud
miØe] ljdkjh cSadksa] dsaæh; fo'ofo|ky;ksa
;k dsaæ ls ekU;rk çkIr laLFkku esa viQljksa
ds cPps Hkh ewy fuoklh gksaxsA ftUgsa jkgr
vkSj iquokZl vk;qÙkQ us bl dsaæ'kkflr çns'k
lelkef;dh : Perfect 7
cSadksa us lgefr ls dfri; mik; lq>k,
FksA bu mik;ksa dks BASEL III dk uke
fn;k x;k Fkk D;ksafd budh :i js•k
Bank of International Settlements Basel
Committee ds }kjk rS;kj dh xbZ FkhA
fjLd ,fj;k esa gSa rks bl ,si ds ekè;e
ls yksxksa dks dksjksuk ok;jl VsLV djkus]
gsYiykbu ij iQksu djus vkSj utnhdh
LokLF; dsaæ ij tkus ds fy, lykg nh
tkrh gSA
dbZ iQhplZ ls gS ySl
¥ vkjksX; lsrq ,si esa dbZ vkSj iQhpj Hkh
fn, x, gSaA blesa fn, x, pSV ckWDl dh
lgk;rk ls vki dksjksuk ok;jl ds y{k.k
dks igpku ldrs gSaA ;g ,si gsYFk fefuLVªh
ds viMsV~l vkSj Hkkjr ds gj jkT;ksa ds
dksjksuk ok;jl gsYi ykbu uacj dh lwph
Hkh nsrk gSA
¥ blds vfrfjÙkQ vkjksX; lsrq ,si ;wtj dks
•qn dks egkekjh ls cpkus ds dbZ fVIl Hkh
nsrh gSA ;fn dksbZ ;wtj dksjksuk ok;jl ls
laØfer ik;k tkrk gS rks ;g mldk MkVk
ljdkj dks Hkst nsrh gSA
esa 'kj.kkFkhZ ;k çoklh dk ntkZ fn;k gS]
os Hkh bl dSfVxjh esa gksaxsA ewy fuokfl;ksa
dks gh bl dsaæ'kkflr çns'k dh xzqi&4 dh
ukSdfj;ka nh tk,axhA
dsUnzh; x`g ea=kky; us ;g Hkh fo'okl
¥
fnyk;k Fkk fd tEew&d'ehj ds fy, u;k
dkuwu fdlh Hkh vU; jkT; dh rqyuk
esa csgrj gksxkA Mksfelkby dkuwu 25]500
#i;s ds ewy osru ds lkFk vkus okys lHkh
inksa ij HkrhZ ds fy, ykxw gksxk
vizSy 2020 A vad&2
 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

lkr egRoiw.kZ vH;kl iz'u (eq[; ijh{kk gsrq)

1- dksjksuk ok;jl ls iM+us okys orZeku izHkko dks rks ns[kk tk jgk gS ysfdu Hkfo"; esa iM+us okys blds
dbZ izHkko vizR;{k gaS] tks orZeku ls Hkh T;knk fouk'kdkjh gksaxsA buls fuiVuk ekuo tkfr ds fy,
fdlh nq%LoIu ls de ugha gksxkA vki blls fdruk lger gS\ ppkZ djsaA

2- orZeku dh dbZ izkÑfrd vkSj ekuoh; ?kVukØe us ;g ifjyf{kr dj fn;k gS fd ,d yksdrkaf=kd

ljdkj dks vius lkoZtfud O;oLFkk dks lqn`<+ djuk pkfg, u fd futh O;oLFkk dks vf/d izksRlkgu
nsuk pkfg, ftlls fd ukxfjdksa dk vR;f/d dY;k.k gks ldsA ppkZ djsaA

3- ykdMkmu esa ?kjsyw fgalk esa o`f¼ ds dkj.kksa dks crkrs gq,] blds izHkko rFkk lek/ku dk mYys[k djsaA

4- orZeku esa fo'o dh LFkkfir laLFkk MCY;w,pvks (WHO) ij ;g iz'u mB jgk gS fd ;g dbZ ns'kksa ds
vk¡dM+ksa dks Nwik jgk gSA D;k ;g lgh gS fd ;g fdlh fo'ks"k ns'k dk i{k ys jgk gS tks blds mís';ksa
ls fHkUu gS\ ppkZ djsaA

5- Hkkjr dks fodkl'khy vFkZO;oLFkk ls fodflr vFkZO;oLFkk dh vksj vxzlj gksus esa ^fMftVy bafM;k*
vfHk;ku dk fdruk egRo gS\ mnkgj.k lfgr ppkZ djsaA

6- Hkkjr Ñf"k iz/ku ns'k gSA tyok;q ifjorZu Hkkjrh; Ñf"k dks fdl izdkj izHkkfor djrk gS\ mYys[k
djsaA
7- Hkkjr dh orZeku ÅtkZ leL;k ds lek/ku esa ^izkÑfrd xSl gkbMªsV~l* fdl izdkj lgk;d gS\ ppkZ
djsaA

vizSy 2020 A vad&2 25

 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

lkr egRoiw.kZ RkF;

1- fdl jkT; ds eq[;ea=kh dks i'kq vf/dkj laLFkk isVk bafM;k }kjk ^ghjks Vw ,fueYl vokMZ* ls lEekfur fd;k x;k gS\
& vksfM'kk
2- bysDVªkWfuDl o lwpuk çkS|ksfxdh ea=kky; us COVID-19 egkekjh ds fy, lek/ku •kstus ds fy, oSf'od Lrj ij
py jgs dkSu ls dk;ZØe dks leFkZu fn;k gS\
& gSd n Økbfll
3- fdl jkT; ljdkj us ykWd&Mkmu ds chp vko';d lsokvksa esa 'kkfey yksxksa ds fy, bZ&ikl tkjh djus ds fy,
'PRAGYAAM' uked eksckby ,fIyds'ku ykWUp dh gS\

& >kj•aM
4- fdlus ns'k esa COVID&19 ds çlkj dk eqdkcyk djus ds fy, ^vkWijs'ku ueLrs* uked igy ykap dh gS\

&Hkkjrh; lsuk
5- fo'o {k; jksx (Vhch) fnol] 2020 dh Fkhe D;k gS\
&Its Time
6- gky gh esa gqbZ ?kks"k.kk ds vuqlkj fdl ns'k dks ,f'k;kbZ ;qok •sy 2021 dh estckuh feyh gS\
&phu
7- gky gh esa] flMch }kjk u;s m|fe;ksa ds fy, fdl uke ls ,d fo'ks"k jsyxkM+h vkjaHk dh xbZ gS\

&Lokoyacu ,Dlçsl

26 vizSy 2020 A vad&2

 lelkef;dh : Perfect 7

lkr egRoiw.kZ mfDr;k¡

1- vk¡• ds cnys esa vk¡• iwjs fo'o dks v¡/k cuk nsxhA
& egkRek xka/h
2- ,d lPpk yhMj yksxksa ds fopkjksa ds ihNs ugha pyrk cfYd oks yksxkas ds fopkjksa dks cny nsrk gSA
& ekfVZu ywFkj fdax twfu;j
3- /u dks foykl ds fy, •pZ djuk ,d çdkj ls pksjh gksxh D;ksafd og /u vlgk;ksa vkSj t:jreUnksa ds fy, gSA
& vjfoUn ?kks"k
4- dêðjrk lp dks mu gkFkksa esa lqjf{kr j•us dh dksf'k'k djrh gS tks mls ekjuk pkgrs gSaA
& johUæukFk VSxksj
5- oks gj O;fÙkQ tks fodkl ds fy, •M+k gS] mls gj ,d #f<+oknh pht dh vkykspuk djuh gksxh] mlds çfr vfo'okl
djuk gksxk vkSj mls pqukSrh nsuh gksxhA
& Hkxr flag
6- oiQknkj vkSj dq'ky egku dkj.k ds fy, dk;Z djrs gSa] Hkys gh mUgsa rqjar igpku u feys] varr% mldk iQy
feyrk gSA
& tokgjyky usg#
7- dksbZ Hkh leL;k psruk ds mlh Lrj ij jg dj ugha gy dh tk ldrh gS ftlij og mRiUu gqbZ gSA
& vYcVZ vkbaLVhu

vizSy 2020 A vad&2 27

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Address: 635, Ground Floor, Main Road, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi 110009
Phone No: 011-47354625/ 26 , 9205274741/42, 011-49274400