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    ASTM C109 Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars Using 2in or 50mm Cube Specimens PDF

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    Chalbelaro

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Th mernational Mundard was developed im accordance wi Hevetypment of Larermatonal Sundar, Guder ne fe Internationally recognized prlaipes os scommtatons kate By Oh Worl Trade O nardztion established inthe Deon on Peeves forthe lesion Troha! Basrrs Trade (HBT) Commie Designation: C109/C109M_ 16a Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Morta 2-in. or [50-mm] Cube Specimens)' eee TH sana ite onder fe de fat C1COCIOME he ume netll fllonng ‘of original adoption wr, in the case off revision, the year of last revision. ee sips open ) kes sigmon laciates the year rein, -A marber a pacenthescsiscates fe yer of lint ropa an cosa change snes the lat revision or reapproval This entond has been approved for ws by agencies of she US Dajariment of Deine 1, Scope 1.1 This test method covers determination of the compres- sive strength of hydraulic cement mortars, using 2-in, or {Sb-mm] cube specimens, Non’ Test Method C349 provides an aliemative procedure for this etcmination (901 fo he used for acceptance tess), 1.2 This test method covers the application of the test using cither inch-pound or SI units, The values stated in either SL nits or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard, Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. “The wiles stated in each system may not be exact equivalent therefore, cach system shall be used independently of the othe ‘Combining values from the two systems may result in noncon- formance with the standard. 1 Values in SI units shall be obtained by measurement in ‘SI units or by appropriate conversion, using the Rules for Conversion and Rounding given in IEEE/ASTM SI-10, of measurements made in other units 14 This standard does nat jrerport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the vesponsibility of the user of this standard 10 establish appro- Priate safety ancl health practices and determine the applica- bility of regudatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh dnidraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns 10 skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.") 2, Referenced Documents 21 ASTM Standards:* 91 Specification for Masonry Cement ——_ + EThis test mtiod is ner the jurisdiction of ASTM Committce CO! on Cement Ls the diet responsi of Sucomtice C0127 on Seng “Geren adion approved March 1, 2016, Poblahed Apel 2016. Originally pod in 19H Lae previeun edition appeured in 2046 as C1OCHOOM 16, ASQIICDIO9COIOON- 164. “ section on Safety, Munual of Cement Testing, Ansa! Book of ASTM: Nel 04.01 Frefereaced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, ew astm. Og. OF Mi Customer Service at srvice@as.or. Fox Anna ook of ASTM iernaton, refer w the standands Decament SuMMaty Paget C14 Test. Methods: for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement ‘ C150 Specification for Portland Cement °230C230M Specification for Flow Table for Use jn Tests ‘of Hydraulic Cement €305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement Pastes and Moniats of Plastic Consistency C319 Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic ‘Cement Mortars (Using Portions of Prisms Broken in Flexure) C511 Specification for Mixing Rooms. Moist Cabinets. Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the ‘Testing of Hydraulic Cements and Concsetes C595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Caleined Natural Pozzolan for Use: in Conerete C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements st Methods for Construction Materials Cor ion for Standard Sand ‘C989 Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and Mortars C1005 Specitication for Reference Determining Mass and Volume for Use Testing of Hydraulic, Cements C1157 Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement ©1328 Specification for Plastic (Stucco) Cement ‘C1329 Specification for Mortar Cement C1437 Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cemem Mortar E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines lasses and Devices for the Physical System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System. 3. Summary of Test Method 3.1 The mortar used consists of 1 part centent and 2.75 parts of sand proportioned by mass. Portland or ait-entraining portland cements are mixed at specified water/cement ratios Water content for other cements is that sufficient to obtain : flow of 110 © 5 in 25 drops of the flow table, Twoinch 0 [504mm] test cubes are compacted by tamping in two layers +A Sommary of Changes section appears tthe end of hs standard [GAETi hurstos 109 Bur Harv, HO Box 70, et Canon IRR 2950 Ue Sts Gy cr09/c109M - 16a ‘The cubes are cured one day im the molds and siripped! and immersed in lime water until tested. 4. Significance and Use 4.1 ‘This test method provides a means of determining the compressive strength of hydraulic cement and other mortars ‘and results may be used (0 deierminé compliance with spec fications, Further, this test method is referenced by numerous other specifications and test methods, Caution must be exer- cised in using the results of this test method tw predict the strength of coneretes. §. Apparatus Sul Weights and Weighing Devices, shall confor) © the requirements of Specification C1005. The weighing device shall be evaluated for precision and accuracy at a total load of 2000 g. 5.2 Glaxs Graduates, of suitable eapacities (preferably large ‘enough to measure the mixing water in a single operation) to deliver the indicated volume at 20°C. The permissible variation shall be +32 ml. These gradvates shall be subdivided to at least 5 mL, except that the graduation lines may be omitted for the lowest 10 mL. for a 250-mt. graduate and for the lowest 25 mL. of a 500-mL graduate, ‘The main graduation lines shall be circles and shall be numbered. The Ieast graduations shall ‘extend at least one seventh of the way around, and intermediate graduations shall extend at least one fifth of the way around, 53 Specimen Molds, for the 2-in. or {S0-mm) cube spec mens shall be tight fitting, The molds shall have not more than three cube compartments and shall be separable into not more than two parts. The parts of the molds when assembled shall be positively held together, The molds shall be made of hard metal fot attacked by the cement mortar. For new molds the Rockwell hardness number of the metal shall be not less than $5 HRB, The sides of the molds shall be sufficiently rigid to prevent spreading or warping. The interior faces of the molds shall be plane surfaces and shall conform to the tolerances of Table | 53.1 Cube molds shall be checked for conformance to the design and dimensional requirements of this test method at least every 2¥4 years. S4 Miter, Bowl and Paddle, an electrically driven mechani- ssal mixer of the type equipped with paddle and mixing bowl, as specified in Practice C308. 3.5 Flow Table and Flow Mold, conforming to the require- ‘ments of Specification C230/C230M., 4 Tamper. a nonabsorptive, nonabrasive, nonbritie Fardness of 80 + 10 or scasoned oak wood rendre, orptive by immersion for 15 min in parafin at approxin.s WEF or {200°C}, shall have & cross section of 0.5 (=. ‘Lin (0.06) (13 (2 1.6) by 25 C*1,6) mm] and.a leng, G in, of [120 to 150 mm], The tamping face shall be fa right angles to the length of the tamper. “56.1 Tampers shall be checked for conformance .. design and dimensional requirements of this test mega," y six months. ls, my, least eve Nom 2=-Kach day thatthe tamper is used 3 visual inspecting (anpcr Rounded or peeling tamapers should not be allowed fr ye 5.7 Trowel, having a steel blade 4 10 6 in. [100 10 130 my, in fength, with straight edges. 58 Moist Cabinet or Room, conforming 9 the req, ments of Spectfication C511. 5.9 Testing Machine, either the hydraulic of the screw yp. with sufficient opening between the upper bearing surfs xy the lower bearing surface of the machine 10 peri the ue verifying apparutus. The load applied to the test specimen dap be indicated with an accuracy of 1.0 %. If the load applied the compression machine is registered on a dial, the dal sul be provided with a graduated scale that can be read t0 as the nearest 0.1 96 of the full scale load (Note 3), The dt su be readable within 1 % of the indicated load at any given ld level within the loading range. In no case shall the louduy range Of a dial be considered to include loads below the vale that is 100 times the smallest change of load that ean be rat on the scale. The scale shall be provided with a graduation ize ‘equal to zero and so numbered. The dial pointer shall bd sufficient length (o-reach the graduation marks: the wiekh oft end of the pointer shall not exceed the clear distance betwsa the smallest graduations. Each dial shall be equipped wiht zero adjustinent that is easily accessible from the outside of dial, and with a suitable device that at all times until ret will indicate to within 1 % accuracy the maximum load app to the specimen. 5.9.1 If the testing machine load is indicated in digital for | the numerical display must be large enough to be casily ‘The numerical increment must be equal to oF less thar 0.10% of the full scale load of a given loading range, In no case the verified loading range include loads less than the mini? Aumerical increment multiplied by 100. The accuracy of ® indicated load must be 1.0 % for any value dispin® TABLE 1 Permissible Variations of Specimen Molds = eee ere Pare oom att se oars a ; : 7 = Si en ota na mae pert Ea oe ceae rel compartmar Qin» 0.04 In, Zins 001 in, (50 mm + 0.25 mm 150 me + 0,25 mm ' oe ome Blane meas ree sitet et i wear ne stand aa sy wedi espa eS Vr sacs ant and Bonar parse ea Moar ‘Boparataly for each cor cal th int and the adjacent tace a | = a fy crosie1 within the verified loading range. Provision must be made for géjosting 10 indicate true zery at zero load. There shall be wided @ maximum load indicator that at all times until reset fail indicate within 1% system accuracy the maximum load ed to the specimen, 9.2 Compression machines shall be verified in secordance. with Practices E4 at Teast annually to determine if indicated joa, with and without the maximum load indicator (when so- equipped), are accurate (0 1.0%. ‘Nove As lose as can be read is considered Yo in-or (0.5 mm] along the ae described by the end of the pointer. Also. one half of the scale java is about as close as can reasonably be read when the spacing on helo indiating mechanism is Between 14s in. o [mim] and Vis in. or [16 mm}, Wen the spacing is Between Yo in, or (1.6 mm] and i oF [22 mm}, one third of the scale interval can be read with reasonable Gaainy When the spacing is U4 in, or [3:2 mma} of more, ane fourth of the sce interval car be read with reasoeable certainty 5.93 The upper bearing assembly shall be a spherically ‘seated, hardened metal block firmly attached at the center of the upper head of the machine. The center of the sphere shall coincide with the surface of the bearing face within a tolerance of =5 % of the radius of the sphere, Unless otherwise specified by the manufacturer, the spherical portion of the bearing block ‘ind the scat that holds this portion shall be cleaned and Iubricated with a petroleum type oil such as motor oil at least every six months. The block shall be closely held in its Spherical seat, but shall be free to tilt in any direction. A Hardened metal bearing block shall be used beneath the specimen to minimize wear of the lower platen of the machine, Mp facilitate accurate centering of the test specimen in the Compression machine, one of the two surfaces of the bearing blocks shall have a diameter or diagonal of between 2.83 in, [207 mm} (see Note 4) and 2.9 in, [73.7 mm}. When the upper block bearing surface meets this requirement, the lower block bearing surface shall be greater than 2.83 in. {70.7 mm}. When the lower block bearing surface meets this requirement, the tdiameter or diagonal of upper block bearing surface shall be between 2.83 and 3% in. [70.7 and 79.4 mm]. When the lower block is the only block with a diameter or diagonal between 283 and 2.9 in. [70.7 and 73.7 mm}, the lower block shall be sed to center the test specimen. In that case, the lower block Shall be centered with respect to the upper bearing block and feld in position by suitable means. The bearing block surfaces ‘blended for contact with the specimen shall have a Rockwell ames number not less than 60 HRC, These surfaces shall not ie from plane surfaces by more than 0.0005 in, (0.013 mm] " m ") 5 d ‘i 1 : | i | 1 the blocks are new and shall be maintained within « Fesmissible variation of 0.001 in. or [0.025 mm} gn J34 Compression machine bearing blocks shall be _Gheeked for plancness in accordance with this test method at annually using a straightedge and feeler stock and shall be finished if found to be out of tolerance, Nori 4—The diagonal of a 2 in. [50 mm] enbe is 2.83 in. (70.7 mm}. Materials 61 Graded Standard Sand: 1.1 The sand (Note 5) used for making test specimens be natural silica sand conforming to the requirements for Standard sand in Specification C778, 83 09M - 16a Now $—Segregation of Graded Sand-—The- graded stu should be handled in such a manner as (o prevent segregate ‘variations in the grading ofthe sand cause variations inthe crea the mora, In emptying bins o sacks, care should be exerched the formation of mounds of sand or ctalers in the san ds (of which the coarser particles will rll. Bins should be ofe ‘permit these precautions. Devices for dra gravity should not be used. eney of rer 0 the spe cet se wing the saad fom bins py 7, ‘Temperature and Humidity 7.1. Temperature—The temperature of the sic inthe y of the mixing slab, the dry materials, molds. base pan nixing bowl, shall be maintained between 7355 © stp tt 123.0 = 3.0°C]. The temperature of the mixing water my closet or moist room, and water in the stora at 73.5 * 35°F or 23 + 2°C], 1.2 Humiality—The relative humidity ofthe laboratory shalt be not less than 50%, The moist closet or moist room chal conform to the requirements of Specification C511 ist ig tank shall be set 8, Test Specimens 8.1 Make two or three specimens from batch of mortar for each period of test or test age. 9, Preparation of Specimen Molds 9.1 Apply a thin coating of release agent to the interior faces of the mold and non-absorptive base plates. Apply oils and ‘greases using an impregnated cloth or other suitable means, Wipe the mold faces and the base plate with a cloth as necessary (0 remove any excess release agent and o achieve a thin, even coating on the interior surfaces. When using an aerosol lubricant, spray the release agent directly onto the mold faces and base plate from a distance of 6 to 8 in, of [150 to 200 mm! to achieve complete coverage. After spraying, the surface with a cloth ax necessary to remove aerosol Lubricant. The residue coating should be just suficient to allow a distinct finger print to remain following light finger Pressure (Note 6), 9.2 Seal the surfaces where the halves ofthe mold join by applying a coating of light cup grease such as peiolatum. The ‘amount should be sufficient to extrude slightly when the: 2S halves are tightened together. Remove any excess grease a cloth, 9.3 Seal molds (o their base plates wi Use microcrystalline wax or a mixture of tee pars BI wax to five pars ras by mas. Parafin wax FTN sealant with molds that clamp ¢0 the base oe re Ne Wax by heating it to a temperature of Het" ‘iy apie BE or [110 and 120°C), Effect @ vateriht fe Reno liquefied sealant at the outside: contact It s and its base plate (Note 7): 9.4 Optionally, a watertighl perm ne for Seapel molds. AP tlt Petrofeum jelly to the entire surface TTT will be contacting the base plies CO in plate and wipe any excess sealant fm and base plate, expos, wes Nowe 6 Becimse seal iioatt af ch a watertight sealant, 3f three parts parefin Gly cro9ic109M - 16a checked for ficient oitng of brcuntimmediasy prior 0s. I ated pevod of Se has elapsed since eaten, areatment may neces Not 7—Notrrighe Molds—The mixture of parain wax and resin poatiod for sealing te jis betwen molds and bsse plates may Be {Bid witicnt ws remone when mold are being cleaned, Use of aight saan wat permis a waters jot ected, ba et he Pai ace of ata wax i should be ved nly when the mol 6 Bot Wi ene be plate by the paafin wax alone, Wha secing champ eS tn wae an improved sal on be bene Dy Any a whe ald and bas pt pix 1 applying the was. Molds 80 Na ull be lowed Io fetur 6 oom empeatare bere we 10, Procedure 10.1 Composivian of Mortars: 0.1e1. ‘The proportions of materials forthe standard mortar shall be one part of cement (0 2.75 parts of graded standard and by weight. Use a watercement ratio of O:485 for al powiand cements and 0460 for all aleentraining portend ements. The amount of mixing, water for other then porand and air-entraining porland Gements shall be such as (© proxies aiflow of 110 + $ as determined in accordance with 10.3 and shall be expressed as weight percent of cement Wel.2, The quantities of materials to be mixed atone time in the batch of mortar for making six, nine, and geelve test specimens shall be as follows onto of Specmens ioe (coe Caren 3 eo 71080 San is G5 81D Wat estan (0) zo aso BML eonraningportang (400) m0 te Come hon at 1045) : 10.2 Preparation of Mortar: 10.2.1 Mechanically mix in accordance with the procedure given in Practice C305. 103. Determination of Flow 10.3.1 Determine flow in accontance with procedure given in Test Method C1437. 1032. For portland and airentraining portland ccments, ‘merely record the flow. 10.33 In the case of cements other than portland of als. raining portland cements, make trial mortars with varying percentages of water until the specified flow is obtained. Make seach eal with fresh mortar 10.3.4 Immediately following completion of the flow test, Tetum the mortar from the flow table to the mixing bowl. ‘Quickly scrape the bowl sides and transfer into the batch the ‘mortar that may have collected on the side of the bowl and then ‘emix the entire batch 15 st medium speed. Upon completion ‘of mixing, the mixing paddle shall be shaken to remove excess ‘mortar into the mining bowl, 103.5 When a duplicate batch is (© be made immediately for ational specimens, the flow test may be omitted and the mortar allowed to stand in the mixing bow! 90 5 without eerig: During the last 15 9 ofthis interval, quickly serape Bowl sides and transfer into the baich the mortar that may hhave collected on the side of the bowl. Then rei Borat yen remix for 15 ¢ at 104 Molding Test Specimens: ation of the mortar in 104.1 Complete the consolidation of Ber Cr molds either by hand camping of By & qualified alterna. ‘method. Alternative methods include i are not limited to 4, a ical devices. tise of vibrating table or mechaniew ; sh. Hand Tamping- Stat molding (ne P= Wit floral elapsed time of ot more than 2 110 and 305 ahi p at mixing of the mortar batch. Phe ‘completion of the origin Sayer of mortar about | in. or 2s mma) (epproximatcly one ha Hehe goon of the mW) mallon the ci, Tamp the mortar in each cube compartment 32 times in abo ch round (0 be at Fight angles to the othe, 1055 in 4 rounds, ) vo oxiting oF eight ajinang stokes over the sues off spec idin Fig, 1, The tamping pressure shall seeticcn to ensure onfor fling OF the mel Th Je is wrpping 2, euokes) OF the momar all ie ormpleied in one cube before, goimg to the nex Wiss te ,

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