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    Larsen Atega Alexandersson
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    224 views2 pages

    s2 1st Law Thermodynamics

    Uploaded by

    Larsen Atega Alexandersson
    Assignment

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 2
    the Ist law of thermodynamics, problem set #2 1) The compression ratio of a diesel engine is 15 to 1; that is, air in a cylinder is compressed to 1/15 of its initial volume. Use the values Cy- = 20.8 J/mol-K an 40 for air. 88) If the initial pressure is 1.0 x 10° Pa and the initial temperature is 27°C, find the final pressure and the temperature after adiabatic compression, b) How much work does the gas do during the e 1.0 x 10-9 m*? upression if the initial volume of the cylinder is iy *) iy an adiabatic prow: RVs RV and te L iy = arn R. a fy ‘ faa ATE ww WEY" = trek. ©) far om adiohatic pruss W=-AU = mCy(T-Te) = ( man » =74a Te 2) The graph in fig. 1 shows a pV-diagram of the air in a human lung when a person is inhaling and then exhaling a deep breath. Such graphs, obtained in clinieal practice, are normally somewhat curved, but we have modeled one as a set of straight lines of the same general shape. (‘The pressure shown is the gauge pressure, not the absolute pressure.) 1a) How many joules of net work does this person’s Inng do during one complete breath? The pressure change is due to changes in the amount of gas in the lung, not to temperature changes. Think of your own breathing. Your lungs do not expand because they've gotten hot. b) Ifthe temperature of the air in the lung remains a rea- sonable 20°C, what is the maximum number of moles in this person's lung, ras during a breath? Which point in the graph corresponds {0 this tax? (mm of He) 12.0 10.0 80 60 40 20 ite ) If the temperature only changes fiom 20°C to 37°C es. timate the change in maa in part 'b’ o 0.5 10 15 v - Figure 1: pV-diagram. 4) Woden in afc Is pra ty the area. captaced in pV diagrams cach spare ie tmmiig sot LH ps lee me 3 15% y He POWs oT 20 05 HH Ofc gus Clockuise- b) Wren inhaling finished , at point a in tee diagrats na= mae = ao +06 rol. pat, €) wang Ta 319 K tted of T= 203 wd at chee the tne « (PI and ore. can Still estincta using Prt a. RT fs WE ne ie changing shen we raed to brow the proustes tn om othur dingrwy, citheron of VT ET, AT, mpi ni would works im part b we exh wid Teen 1 3) The graph in fig. 2 shows a pV-diagram for n = 3.25 mol of ideal helinm, He, gas. Part ca of this process is isothermal. ——_ > a) Find the pressure of the He at point a. monator desk gas Cen PR CyeER b) Find the temperature of the He at points a, 6, and c. ) How much heat entered or left the He during segments ab, be, and ca? In each segment, did the heat enter or leave? d) By how much did the internal energy of the He change from a to b, from to ¢, and from ¢ to a? Indicate whether this energy increased or decreased. ter, p(Pa x 108) ee 3.as and cost before dong thuse bind of problavedt is a geod practi, to wate dnan quick info abot pV for och pont fine te dingoam, speily whan faa progsses are isontonething yt ¢ all info in te diagram 5 heR O \ B= nesio Pe itis eye abe & Yoav WD Te *T. Gi) 2 Ve <0.040 m8 i ‘ > Va= ole Figure 2: pV-diagram for He gas, ab) hon [ook te see if ony pot We ore misting ome 2) d) Yeriabl. in PV an RT be co be co is isobaric: is isochoric + is isothurmal = is isobaric; is isockerie + isothurmal : PMe t OP TE Te tb Ke Te, = RRT s . Bo MER waond he = Te = FeVe 2 gy K. re ye Cp CH Te) = 69 KT D0, girs te He gee or entire Qu = AU, = cy (T-T) = ~ 36 KI <0, lerveys tee gee Que We = oer, (Ye) e-nki

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