INSTRUCTION TO MARINE

PROPULSION SYSTEMS

H.Nejat ÖZTEZCAN
Unlimited Chief Engineer / Yacht Master
Travel at sea is the easy but , to go where we want, we need propulsion.

The term “ship” is used to denote a vehicle employed to transport

goods and persons from one point to another over water.

Ship propulsion normally occurs with the help of a propeller.

Today, the primary source of propeller power is the diesel engine, and
the power requirement and rate of revolution very much depend on the
ship’s hull form and the propeller design. Most watercraft nowadays
(since the 1920s) are powered by diesel engines mechanically driving
screw propellers, because of its fuel economy.

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 Some marine propulsion systems:

b) Amerigo Vespucci, full- c) Paddle-wheel boat (diesel

a) Oar layout in a Greek rigged ship. powered).
trireme.

d) Engine room (coloured) in Queen Mary.

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e) Modern integrated i) Battery powered
g) Hydrofoils are usually
propeller and rudder diver propulsion
waterjet-propelled.
system. device.

f) Water-jet propulsion, h) Seven-bladed screw submarine

showing reverse thrust. propeller.

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PROPULSION SYSTEMS

A propulsion system consists of three parts: an energy source (carried

aboard as animal or fuel energy, or collected from outside as wind or
solar power), an engine that transforms it to a mechanical form, and the
propulsor or thruster (that pushes the surrounding water backwards).

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MARINE PROPULSION SYSTEMS

•an energy source

•an engine

•propulsor or thruster

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 ENERGY
Energy is a property of objects which can be transferred to other objects
or converted into different forms, but can not be created or destroyed.

The "ability of a system to perform work" is a common description, but

it is difficult to give one single comprehensive definition of energy
because of its many forms.

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 TYPES OF ENERGY

There are different types of energy. The two main types of energy are:
•Kinetic Energy
•Potential Energy

Kinetic Energy :
Kinetic Energy is energy that is in motion. Moving water and wind are
good examples of kinetic energy. Electricity is also kinetic energy
because even though you can't see it happen, electricity involves
electrons moving in conductors.

Potential Energy:
Energy is measured in the amount of "work" it does. Potential Energy is
stored energy. Examples of potential energy are oil sitting in a barrel, or
water in a lake in the mountains. This energy is referred to as potential
energy, because if it were released, it would do a lot of work.
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Other Types of Energy
There are other types of energy as well:

Mechanical Energy is the energy of motion that does the work. An

example of mechanical energy is the wind as it turns a windmill.

Heat energy is energy that is pushed into motion by using heat. An

example is a fire in your fireplace.

Chemical Energy is energy caused by chemical reactions. A good

example of chemical energy is food when it is cooked.

Electrical Energy is when electricity creates motion, light or heat. An

example of electrical energy is the electric coils on your stove.

Gravitational Energy is motion that is caused by gravity. An example

of gravitational energy is water flowing down a waterfall
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 TYPES OF ENERGY SOURCE

Fossil Fuels (Coal, Oil and Natural Gas)

Fossil fuels provide the power for most of the world, primarily using
coal and oil. Fossil energy sources, including oil, coal and natural gas,
are non-renewable resources that formed when prehistoric plants and
animals died and were gradually buried by layers of rock.

To get to the fossil fuel and convert it to use there has to be a heavy
destruction and pollution of the environment.

Fossil fuels are used to;

• Steam Turbine Propulsion
• Diesel Propulsion:Gas Turbine Propulsion
• Gas turbine propulsion, in marine propulsion systems.
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Biodiesel Fuel Propulsion:

Biodiesel propulsion has been deemed as a potential marine propulsion

system for the future. Currently tests are being carried out to find out
about the viability of this propulsion system.

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Solar Energy:

Solar power (the energy of the sun) through using collector panels
to create conditions that can then be turned into a kind of power.

Many homes use solar systems to provide for hot water, cooling and
supplement their electricity.

Solar propulsion for ships was utilised for the first time in the year
2008. Solar propulsion benefits include a high reduction in the
poisonous carbon dioxide emissions.

Solar propulsions are capable of generating a capacitance as high as

40 kilowatts (kW).

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Solar Propulsion
A passenger solar boat Solifleur by MW-Line, Switzerland, 1995.
ODTÜ biology department - Eymir lake in Turkey
The world's largest solar-powered boat and the first ever solar
electric vehicle to circumnavigate the globe (in 2012)
Wind Energy:

Wind power is becoming more and more common.

By using large turbines to take available wind as the power to turn, the
turbine can then turn a generator to produce electricity.

Wind propulsion emerged as an alternative to those systems which emit

huge quantities of CO2 gases in the marine atmosphere.

However, the usage of wind turbine marine propulsion has not started
extensively in large commercial ships because of a requirement of
constant windiness.

Two wind propulsion systems for ships that have become lately are- kite
propulsion and sail propulsion for merchant ships.
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Nuclear Energy:

While nuclear power remains a great subject of debate as to how

safe it is to use, and whether or not it is really energy efficient
when you take into account the waste it produces – the fact is it
remains one of the major renewable sources of energy available
to the world.

Naval vessels incorporate the usage of nuclear maritime propulsion.

Using the nuclear fission process, nuclear propulsion is a highly complex
system consisting of water reactors and other equipments to fuel the
vessel.

The nuclear reactors in the ships are also used to generate electricity for
the ship. Several merchant ships are also being planned to be
constructed with this propulsion system
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Nuclear Ship Savannah, the world’s first nuclear-powered merchant
ship.
Hydrogen Energy
Hydrogen is available with water(H2O) and is most common element
available on earth. Water contains two-thirds of hydrogen and can be
found in combination with other elements. Once it is separated, it can
be used as a fuel for generating electricity.

Hydrogen is a tremendous source of energy and can be used as a source

of fuel to power ships, vehicles, homes, industries and rockets. It is
completely renewable, can be produced on demand and does not leave
any toxic emissions in the atmosphere.

Fuel Cell Propulsion: Fuel cell propulsion systems use hydrogen as the
main fuel component. Electricity is created in the fuel cell without any
combustion. The process is clean and therefore has been regarded as a
very important alternative marine propulsion system.

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World's First Hydrogen-Powered Boat
Energy-Observer.
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Wave Energy

Wave energy is produced from the waves that are produced in the
oceans. Wave energy is renewable, environment friendly and causes
no harm to atmosphere.

It can be harnessed along coastal regions of many countries and can

help a country to reduce its dependance on foreign countries for fuel.

Producing wave energy can damage marine ecosystem and can also
be a source of disturbance to private and commercial vessels. It is
highly dependent on wavelength and can also be a source of visual
and noise pollution.

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Wave propulsion systems are still in the early stages of development,
but there is enormous potential for them to one day be used as an
alternative energy source for much larger ships.

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 ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS

Shipping companies are required to comply with the International

Maritime Organization (IMO) and the International Convention for the
Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) emissions rules.

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 ENGINE

An engine or motor, is a machine designed to convert one form

of energy into mechanical energy .

Heat engines, including internal combustion engines and external

combustion engines burn a fuel to create heat, which then creates
a force.

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 Types of engines
1. External combustion engine (Steam Engine)
Used in practically all ships in the 19th century, initially with
opposed pistons and later with turbines (the first in 1897 with the
Turbinia steamer)

1. Internal combustion engine

a. Diesel Engine ; using marine diesel or heavy fuel oil, and used
in most ships since 1930s. Diesel engines were limited in power for
many years, but nowadays there are no limit in practice, with
MAN/B&W and Wärtsilä- Sulzer as the major engine manufacturers.
b. Gasoline engines ; are used in small outboard motors.
c. Gas Turbine ; gas turbines, able to burn marine diesel,
kerosene, or jet fuel, are used in some fast ships (e.g.
hydrofoils), warships (for quick action), and large cruisers.
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 EXTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

(STEAM ENGİNE)
A marine steam engine is a steam engine that is used to power a ship or
boat.

Steam engine, an external combustion engine, working in a Rankine

cycle, with water as working fluid, used in practically all ships in the 19th
century, initially with reciprocating pistons and later with turbines (the
first in 1897 with the Turbinia steamer), and on a few vessels since then
(in some very large ships, and in nuclear submarines).

The name of steam ships are often prefixed with SS.

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INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

•Diesel Engine
•Gasoline Engine
•Gas Türbine

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Internal combustion engine is a heat engine which burns fuel creating
heat to perform work.

They can further be divided into the spark ignited (SI) engine or the
compression ignited engine (CI).

Compression Ignited heat engine has been referred to as the Diesel

engine.

Internal combustion Engine :

1. Gasoline Engine ( Spark Ignited)

2. Diesel Engine ( Compression Engine)
3. Gas Turbine

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DIESEL ENGINES

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The compression ignited internal combustion engine has two main
designs:

1. the four stroke cycle, and

2. the two stroke cycle engine.

They are both very common throughout the world because of their
high efficiency compare with other types of heat engines.

They burn a wide variety of hydrocarbon fuel, which is still

common. Heavy fuel oil, intermediate fuel oil and marine diesel oil
are the most common hydrocarbon fuel.

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Diesel engines are furthermore sub-divided into three categories: slow,
medium and high speed.

Slow speed engines are considered to be up to 300 rpm such as most

big two stroke engines commonly found on ships.

Medium speed engines dwell in the 300 - 900 rpm range. They are most
common on smaller ships and power plants driving electrical generators
and / or the propeller.

High speed engines are the most common. Their high revolutions are
ideal for driving vehicles such as busses and yachts. All Diesel trucks and
vehicles on our roads use this class of Diesels, having an rpm over 900.

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In the table below; we can compare the degrees of efficiency and
specific fuel consumption to produce 1 hp for 1 hour (gr/hph)

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Marine engines are also classified as main engines, used to turn the
ship's propeller and move the ship through the water, or
auxiliary engines, which drive electric generators, pumps, fans,
and other equipment.

• Main Engines

• Auxiliary Engines

1. Main Engine Auxiliaries

2. Deck Machinery
3. Service Machines

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 Gas Türbine
Gas turbines have been used to propel ships for over forty years, being
commercially developed to drive the warship and merchant fleets of all
nations.

The big advantage of gas turbines over conventional steam turbine or

marine diesel main engines is their excellent power to weight ratio.

However the rising costs of fuel has made many ships companies revert
back to the marine diesel engine running on heavy fuel oil.

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Gas Turbine Components

A gas turbine with an output drive shaft is made up of three

components.
•An air compressor
•The combustion chamber
•The gas turbine

Air Compressor -The air is supplied by an air pretreatment unit

comprising of a silencer, an air filter, and an air cooler.

Combustion Chamber -This chamber is situated between the air

compressor and the turbine and supplied with gas or diesel oil and the
high pressure air.

Turbine - The hot exhaust gas from the combustion chamber drives the
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Millennium is the first cruiseship to have in-suite internet access and to
incorporate gas turbine technology.
Length Overall x Breadth Extreme: 294m × 32.2m
Year Built: 2000
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PROPULSOR OR THRUSTER

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Types of thrusters:

A brief grouping may be (in chronological order of development):

• Paddles.
• Sail.
• Screw propeller, by far the most used, either in bronze, stainless steel,
or fibre-reinforced polymers for small duties.

Different types screw propeller are:

o Fixed pitch propeller.

o Variable pitch propeller.

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Most naval propellers are of the screw type, with 3-, 4-, or 5-blades
in the largest vessels (4 is most common).

The rudder is behind the propellers to be effective at low advance

speeds and allow harbour manoeuvres .

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 PROPELLER

A propeller is a rotating fan like structure which is used to propel the

ship by using the power generated and transmitted by the main engine
of the ship.

What is pitch?

Propeller pitch is the theoretical forward movement of a propeller for

one revolution.

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pitch

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CP-propellers are mostly used for Ro-Ro ships, shuttle tankers, ferries
and similar ships that require a high degree of manoeuvrability.

For ordinary ships like container ships, bulk carriers and crude oil
tankers sailing for a long time in normal sea service at a given ship
speed, it will, in general, be a waste of money to install an expensive CP
propeller instead of an FP-propeller.

Furthermore, a CP-propeller is more complicated, involving a higher risk

of problems in service.

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Fixed pitch propellers

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Controllable pitch propellers

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Fixed pitch propellers are usually installed for ocean going vessels, for
example:
•Container vessels
•Tankers
•Bulk carriers
•Dry cargo vessels
•Passenger liners
Most of the propellers that are used in ships are fixed pitch propellers
(FPP)
 Water jet propulsion

Water-Jet Propulsion: Water-jet propulsion has been used since the

year 1954. The most important advantage of water-jet propulsion is that
it does not cause noise pollution and offers a high speed to the vessels.
In contrast the water-jet propulsion as a ship propulsion system is
costlier to maintain which can cause problems to the user.

Water jet propulsion (with ducted axial fans, or with centrifugal pumps,
powered by diesel engines or gas turbines) is used in some fast and
quick-manoeuvrable ships .

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Superior performance and
manoeuvrability

The water jet has many

advantages over a propeller.

The very high efficiency of

the Kamewa water jet
pumps offer higher speeds
for the same power or
substantially lower fuel
consumption at aconstant
speed with less power.

Water jets also give the

engine an easier life
Water jets
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Water jets

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 Azimuth propeller

There are two major variants, based on the location of the motor:

Mechanical transmission, which connects a motor inside the ship to

the outboard unit by gearing. The motor may be diesel or diesel-
electric. Depending on the shaft arrangement, mechanical azimuth
thrusters are divided into L-drive and Z-drive.

Electrical transmission, more commonly called pods, where an electric

motor is fitted in the pod itself, connected directly to the propeller
without gears. The electricity is produced by an onboard engine,
usually diesel

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Azimuth propeller

An azimuth thruster is a
configuration of
marine propellers placed in
pods that can be rotated to
any horizontal angle
(azimuth), making a
rudder unnecessary.

These give ships better

maneuverability than a
fixed propeller and rudder
system

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Azimuthing electrical podded propulsors
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Azimuthing electrical podded propulsors
Voith Schneider Propeller VSP

The Voith Schneider Propeller (VSP) combines propulsion and steering

in one unit. This unique vessel propulsion solution was developed 90
years ago by Austrian engineer Ernst Schneider. Today, Voith Schneider
Propellers are in use all over the world wherever precise, safe and
efficient maneuvering is of the essence.
Voith Schneider Propeller VSP
MARINE ELECTRIC PROPULSION
The earliest electric propulsion for ships was demonstrated in Russia in
1832 with a d.c. motor powered from a battery.
In 1886 an electrically propelled vessel called the Volta crossed the
English Channel.
By 1888 the improvements to batteries and motors led to the first
commercial applications in passenger launches on the River Thames in
London.
As with road transport, electric river boats were soon eclipsed by the
arrival of the internal combustion engine.
Electric propulsion for many new ships is now re-established as the
popular choice where the motor thrust is governed by electronic
switching under computer control.
The high power required for electric propulsion usually demands a high
voltage (HV) power plant with its associated safety and testing
procedures
The introduction of electric propulsion systems for use in ships offers
the following four advantages:

(1) Simplification of the propulsion system, including the complicated

reduction gear used to run the ship
(2) In the case of ships that consume extremely large amounts of
power, a reduction in the financial burden of maintenance and repair
including life cycle costs, due to the integration of propulsion motors
with power generation motors for use in supporting general internal
electrical load
(3) Silencing of onboard noise
(4) Improved fuel efficiency during travel due to the ability to
constantly maintain a rotational speed that offers good fuel efficiency
in the motors used for producing propulsive electric power.

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Disadvantages include a higher initial cost when compared to propulsion
systems based on internal combustion engines, increased energy
conversion loss from fuel to propulsion, and a larger system volume due
to the large number of component parts.

Electric propulsion systems are often used on ships such as icebreakers

or oceanographic research vessels that take advantage of the
aforementioned operational benefits, or large passenger cruise ships
and others that emphasize cost and silent operation.

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Integrated Full Electric Propulsion (IFEP) – The use of a common power
system for both propulsion and ship services. Efficient operation is
obtained by the use of the minimum number of prime movers which are
necessary to meet the required load, all running near their optimum
efficiency, selected from a relatively large number of smaller units.

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HV POWER SYSTEM
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Built by Hyundai Heavy Industries in Ulsan, the BRITISH EMERALD is
the LNG tanker with dual-fuel diesel-electric propulsion. At 155,000
cubic metres she is one of the largest LNG carriers to date.
Mechanical transmission in ship propulsion

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Direct drive propulsion system

Direct propulsion system is the most commonly used system on

ships.
Direct propulsion system is an invariable choice for low
speed diesel engines and has a very basic arrangement.

It consists of a propeller, which is connected to the main engine

with the help of the shaft.

Maneuvering of the ship is done by controlling the speed of the

main engine and by changing the direction of rotation of the
propeller. Initially this system was used in almost all the ships.
Direct Drive System

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Geared Drive Propulsion System

Geared drive propulsion system is extensively used nowadays.

The system can be associated with almost all kinds of prime movers.

Gearing has more than one function; it reduces the number of

revolutions from the engine output in such a way that the system can
derive maximum propeller efficiency.

Gearing can also be used to connect one shaft to two prime movers or
can be used to share power between two shafts or to connect a shaft
alternator to the shaft connected to the propeller.

The reversing can also be done easily by using controlled pitch propeller.
However, gearing can make the task way easier.
Sketch of mechanical transmission in ship propulsion.
Geared drive system

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 Reduction gear

A reduction gear is part of a mechanical system of gears and shafts that

serves the primary purpose of slowing things down within a machine so
that energy one place can be transferred and used in another.

The main reduction gear connects the prime mover (engine) to the
shaft. The function of the main reduction gear is to reduce the high
rotational speeds of the engine and allow the propeller to operate at
lower rotation speeds. In this way, both the engine and the propeller
shaft rotate at their most efficient speeds.

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 RUDDER

A rudder is a mechanism used to steer a boat, ship, hovercraft, or

submarine. Rudders function by cutting through any kind of fluid, water,
and forcing the fluid to pass by the body of a ship

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BOW THRUSTER / STERN THRUSTER

A bow thruster or stern thruster is a transversal propulsion device built

into, or mounted to, either the bow or stern, of a ship or boat, to make
it more maneuvrable.

Bow thrusters make docking easier, since they allow the captain to turn
the vessel to port or starboard side, without using the main propulsion
mechanism which requires some forward motion for turning.

•Tunnel thrusters

•Externally mounted bow thrusters

•Waterjet bow thrusters

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Tunnel thrusters

Large vessels usually have one or more tunnel thrusters built into the
bow, below the waterline. An impeller in the tunnel can create thrust in
either direction which makes the ship turn.

Externally mounted bow thrusters

Instead of a tunnel thruster, boats from 9 to 24 m in length may have
an externally mounted bow thruster.

Waterjet bow thrusters

A waterjet thruster is a special type of bow thruster that utilizes a

pumping device instead of a conventional propeller.
The water is discharged through specially designed nozzles which
increase the velocity of the exiting jet.
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 The Different Types of Yacht Propulsion:

1. Straight Shaft Inboard

2. V-Drive Inboard
3. Jet Drive
4. Surface Drive
5. Pod Drive

1. Straight Shaft Inboard

Straight Shaft inboards are the most traditional type of propulsion in use
today. It is comprised of a rear-facing engine connected to a
transmission which has a driveshaft going straight out of the bottom of
the boat.

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 Running Gear of a Straight Shaft Inboard Yacht

See in the photo above a boat hauled out of the water the shaft coming
out of the bottom of the boat. It is held in place by a strut right in front
of the propeller. The thrust that is created from the propeller is directed
by the rudder behind it.
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Benefits of Straight Shaft Inboard:

•direct drivetrain results in a minimal loss of power from the engine

•the motor is placed in a more central location on the yacht, the
central weight distribution results in a smoother plane and less bow
rise
•very simple setup results in the lowest maintenance and high
reliability

•Drawbacks of Straight Shaft Inboard:

•In some configurations the necessity of placing the engines further

forward results in a loss of potential cabin space

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2. V-Drive Inboard

V-drive inboard yachts have forward facing motors with a transmission

that re-directs the drive shaft towards the back. On the bottom of the
boat the running gear looks the same as on a straight shaft inboard. You
will see this application on cruising motoryachts that want to maximize
the amount of interior cabin space, and where performance is not
necessarily a top priority.

Illustration of a V-Drive Inboard Yacht

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Benefits of a V-drive Inboard:

•With the engine being placed further back, you have more space for
interior cabin room

Drawbacks of a V-Drive Inboard:

•More weight in the back of the yacht with further back engine
placement.
•Some of the efficiency is lost from the motor to the prop with the
direction change of the V-drive

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 V DRIVE

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 Aft Engine Placement

V-Drive Transmission

Inboard Running Gear

propeller
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3. Jet Drive

The jet drive is very common today in runabouts primarily because of

the perceived safety of the propeller being on the inside of the boat and
the shallow draft. Because there is no way to reverse the impeller, a
cover goes over the jet nozzle to re-direct the thrust backward to move
the yacht in reverse.

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Benefits of Jet Drives:

•Shallow draft. When you are able to save 1-2ft. of draft on a 90ft
yacht, going from what would be 6ft to 4ft, you can cruise around the
Bahamas and Caribbean with much more confidence.

•Smoother Ride. The way a jet drive sucks in water through the small
impeller that spins much faster than a traditional propeller results in a
very smooth ride with little to no vibration.

•More Speed. because the jet drives are on the back of the boat instead
of the bottom, there is no drag created by traditional running gear,
resulting in more speed.

•More interior space. Engines are placed further back in the yacht.

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Drawbacks of Jet Drives:

•Not as fuel efficient as traditional propulsion

•Maintenance cost is higher. There are a lot of small moving parts that
need to be regularly serviced to prevent failure

•Less maneuverable at low speeds. There is no rudder, the yacht is

steered by the thrust from the jet drive, so when at low speeds with less
thrust, the steering is not as responsive.

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4. Surface Drives

Surface drive yachts share a lot of similarities in function to the jet

drives.
The propulsion unit comes out of the back (transom) of the yacht
instead of the bottom and the thrust can be directed with a number
of hydraulic rams attached to the shaft. The main difference is the
propeller is on the outside of the boat. They are called surface
drives because the top half of the propeller is out of the water while
underway, which reduces cavitation and kicks up a really cool rooster
tail.

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Profile of a 70 Pershing with Surface Drives

Picture of Surface Drives on

the Back of a Yacht
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If you want the ultimate in performance and handling and do not care
about increased maintenance and costs, a surface drive boat is for you.

Benefits of Surface Drives:

•Shallow Draft. No running gear below the boat

•Fuel Efficient. Better thrust angles possible with hydraulic trim, no
running gear below boat reduces drag
•High Performance. Less drag, direct thrust angles, big props
•More interior space. Engines placed further back in yacht.

Drawbacks of Surface Drives:

•Higher Maintenance. Lot of moving parts that need service regularly.

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5. Pod Drive

Pod drives first hit the scene in 2006 and since then they have gained a
very prominent place in the yachting industry.

There are 3 manufacturers that are making pod drives:

Volvo Penta (IPS Pods), Mercruiser (Zeus Pods) and ZF Marine (ZF Pods).

Each manufacturer makes a few different size configurations, but they

are available for engines ranging from around 300 hp to about 1100 hp.

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 Illustration of Zeus Pods on a Yacht
Volvo Penta IPS Pod Drives

Zeus Pod Drive and Transmission Mated to a

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Caterpillar Engine
Benefits of Pod Drives:

•Fuel efficient. 10%-30% more than traditional shaft drives

•Great handling at speed. The pods turn, which enables direct thrust
vectoring.
•Great docking ability. The joystick docking feature enables you to
walk the boat sideways in a current, without bow and stern
thrusters.
•Position holding. the pods, run by a computer will independently
actuate to hold a position via GPS regardless of sea conditions.
•Less noise and vibration. The exhaust is let out underwater for less
noise and the smaller counter-rotating props spinning at higher
speed make for less vibration.

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Drawbacks of Pod Drives:

•Expensive. These systems require not only a lot of complex mechanical

parts, but also powerful computers…increasing the cost of a boat by up
to 15%

•Higher maintenance/repair cost. As they are complex systems with a

lot of moving parts, they require more TLC.

•Smaller service network.

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SHIP CONTROL SYSTEMS

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Advanced Marine Automation Equipment

Automation systems that cover:

•Alarm and control systems

•Main engine control systems

Automation systems are based upon modular units connected by a

duplicated high-speed network which provides read out parameters and
machinery control anywhere on a ship. Systems are flexible in their use
and can be used with new installations and retrofits.

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Alarm and control systems for shipping applications

Monitoring System used for:

•Alarm monitoring of ship machinery

•Navigation instruments

Monitoring and Control System combines:

•Alarm
•Control functions

Marine Control System; control and surveillance system for marine

vessels enabling full control of the platform to be taken on the bridge or
other control stations , in the machinery control room through a fully
duplicated set of operator stations with full colour graphic visual display
units.
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Nejat ÖZTEZCAN 109
Every captain or owner of a watercraft has encountered the problem of
manoeuvring the vessel during docking in a marina or anchoring.

Poor communication with other members of the crew may cause

difficulties leading to damage of his own or other vessels, and, in the
worst case, to bodily injuries.

With the use of the remote control device the skipper has control over
his vessel from any spot on the yacht.

High-quality switches and keys are used to control both engines, the
bow and the stern thrusters as well as the anchor windlass during
anchoring.

The steering of the vessel is thus always at the skipper’s fingertips in

case any corrections of the vessel’s movement, due to wind or other
factors, are required.
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 These systems
simultaneously transmit
on two frequencies
thereby eliminating the
possibility of signal
interruption due to
unauthorized use of
radio frequency bands by
others or government
agencies.

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With a simple movement of
the hand, the Yacht
Controller Joystick allows
simultaneous operation of
the engines and of the bow
and stern thrusters, enabling
you to maneuver and move
your boat in any direction
securely, precisely, and
simply, with total ease.

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 Electronic control system
combines your mechanical controls
with a digital communication
technology solution thereby
providing a modular system,
flexible, reliable, beautiful,
durable, secure, safe, and easy to
install.
The perfect system to easily
convert boats with mechanical or
hydraulic controls to an easy to use
electronic control system. With the
simple movement of your hand
Yacht Command allows the
operator to control the yacht
providing gear shifting, throttle,
warm up fuctions and
synchronization with security and
ease of use. Nejat ÖZTEZCAN 113
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