Highly inductive!

RECTIFIERS
WITH RL LOAD
Half Wave Rectifier with Inductive Load
 If the load is inductive, the
current will keep on
flowing even if the source
voltage is negative.
 This is due to the stored
energy in the inductor,
when the source voltage
reverses its polarity, the
inductor becomes a
source and the polarity of
this source is so that it will
keep the current flowing
in the same direction.
 Average Output Voltage
 
Vm
Vdc 
2 
0
sin td (t )

Vm
  cos t 0
 
Vdc 
2
Vm
Vdc  1  cos(   )
2
Vdc
I dc 
R
Conduction period of D1 extends beyond ωt = π
Increase average voltage and current by making σ = 0
 Inductive Load with Freewheeling
 The addition of diode 𝐃𝟐
permits the load current
to be continuous and
prevents 𝑉𝐿 from going
negative.
 When D1 is off, D2 allows
the energy in the circuit to
maintain continuity by
providing a path through
which the inductor
current can free wheel.
Highly Inductive Load with Freewheeling
 If we assume that the
inductor is very large
approaching infinity, the
load current will become
constant without any
fluctuations.
 The Green line shows Vs,
black is the load voltage,
blue is the load current and
yellow is the source
current.
Application as a Battery Charger

Diode conducts for 𝑣𝑠 > E,

starting when Vmsinα = E
Waveforms for Battery Charger

Diode turns off when

𝑣𝑠 < E (at β = π – α)
Charging current 𝑖𝑜 =
(𝑣𝑠 – E)/R
𝑖𝑜 = (Vmsinωt – E)/R for
α < ωt < β
Better than half wave?

FULL WAVE RECTIFIER

Single-Phase Full-Wave Rectifier

Center-Tapped Transformer
 Waveforms for the Full-Wave
Rectifier
T
2
2
Vdc   Vm sin t
T 0
2Vm
Vdc 

Vdc  0.636Vm
Single-Phase Full-Wave Rectifier

PIV = 2Vm
Full-Wave Bridge Rectifier
Full-Wave Bridge with Waveforms

Conduction pattern
D1 – D2 D3 – D4
PIV = Vm
 Full-Wave Bridge Rectifier
 For same AC source voltage, the full wave
rectifier produces an average output voltage
twice that of the half-wave circuit with free-
wheeling diode.
 The source currents 𝒊𝒔𝟏 and 𝒊𝒔𝟐
contain DC components, however,
the total source current for the
full-bridge circuit does not
contain any DC components.
 As the load is highly inductive, the
load current 𝒊𝑳 is constant.
 During positive half cycle, 𝒊𝑳 is
supplied by D1 and D4, therefore,
is = 𝒊𝑳.
 During negative half cycle, 𝒊𝑳 is
supplied by D2 and D3, therefore,
is = −𝒊𝑳.
 Therefore the source current will
have a square wave shape with
zero DC component.
Full-Wave Rectifier with RL Load

 High ripple factor,

Better than half wave?
THREE PHASE FULL
WAVE RECTIFIER
Three Phase Full Wave Rectifier
 Consider the 3-phase supply of sinusoidal waveforms.
 Phases are displaced by 120 degrees from each other.
Three Phase Full Wave Rectifier

 Commonly used in high power applications.

 Gives six-pulse ripples on the output voltage.
ANY QUESTIONS?

Anyone willing to be the first to

present?
 Time allowed : 5 mins
 Topic : Any
 Bonus Points : +3
 References
 Chapter 2: “Power Semiconductor Devices
and Circuits” from ‘Power Electronics,
Circuits, Devices and Applications’ by M.H
Rashid
 Chapter 2: “Diode Rectifiers” from ‘Power
Electronics, Circuits, Devices and
Applications’ by M.H Rashid