ia de Standardizare din Romania, yosi2016 As” Ics 23,020.30 SR EN 13445-2 Standard Roman Decembrie 2014 Titlu Recipiente sub presiune nesupuse la flacara Partea 2: Materiale Unfred pressure vessels - Part 2: Materials Récipients sous pression non soumis & fe lamme - Partie 2 Matériaux Aprobare Aprobat de Directorul General al ASRO la 23 decembrie 2014 Standardul european EN 13445-2:2044 are statulul unui standard Inlocuiegte SR EN 12445-2:2009, SR EN 13445-2:2009/81:2012 si SR EN 13445-2:2009/A2:2012 Data pubticatii versiunii romane: - Corespondenta ‘Acest stendard este identic cu standardul european EN 13445-2:2014 ASOCIATIA DE STANDARDIZARE DIN ROMANIA i Str. Mendeleev nr. 24-25, cod 010362, Bucuresti, © waw.asro.ro ®ASRO Fopreducaraa sau utzarea intgrald sau pariala 2 prezentui standare pubes si prin rice procedeu (electrons, mecani,fototoplere, merolimare ete) este Irtersa daca nu exsta acorcu srs prealabi al ASRO Ref SREN 13885-22018 EanesEUROPEAN STANDARD EN 13445-2 NORME EUROPEENNE EUROPAISCHE NORM September 2014 Ics 23,020.30 ‘Supersedes EN 13445-22008 English Version Unfired pressure vessels - Part 2: Materials Resitents sous aression non soumis la amine = Paste 2 Unbetoverte Oruckbehter- Tal 2 Workstote ‘ateraux ‘This European Standard vas approved by CEN on 19 August 2014 "210512016 CEN members aro bound to comply withthe CENICENELEC Interna Regulations which stpuate the eandtions forging this European Stancaré tha status ofa national standaré without ary aration. Uato-ata Isis and bitiographicalreerences cancemang such nazanal standards may be abrarnad on apptcaion tothe CEN.CENELEC Management Cente 0:1 any CEN member ‘This European Standard ens in three oficial versions (English, French, German). A version in any cther language made by tarsation unde the responsibly of 8 CEN member ii ks ov language and noted to the CEN-CENELEC Nanagement Centre nas he same Slats asthe offiezal versions. ‘CEN members ace the national standards bodies of Austa, Belgium, Bugari, Croatia, Cyprus. Czech Republic. Denenark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republe of Macedonis, Fence, Germany, Greece, Hungary, leland, Weland, lal, Lava, ihuanie, Luxembourg, Malla, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Porugel, Romaria, Slovakie, Seven, Spam, Sweden, Swizerland, Tukey and United Kingdom, nlardizare din Romania, Eee FUROPEAN COMANTTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITE EUROPEEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPAISCHES KOMITEE FUR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Managomont Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, 8-1000 Brussels © 2018 CEN AB ights of poiation in ay form and by any means reser ‘worlwide for CEN nattonat Membre, Ret, No EN 13645-22014EN 13445-2:2014 (E) Issue 1 (2014-09) Contents Page Foreword, 1 Scope Normative references... 41 Terms and definitions ....... 2 Symbols and units.. 2 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and u 3, 3 4, Requirements for materia o be used for pressure-bearing parts, General 42 Special provisions © 42.4 Special properties... 42.2 Design temperature above 20 °C. 4.2.3 Prevention of brittle fracture 42.4 Design properties in the creep range .... 4.2.5 Specific requirements for steels for fasteners 4.3 Technical delivery conditions 4.3.4 European Standards...n. a 4.3.2 European Approval for Materials... 433. Particular material appraisal: 43.6 Clad products wun 43.5 Welding consumabies.. 44° Marking. 5 Requirements for materials to be used for non-pressure parts -. ‘yosi2016 - Annex A (normative) Grouping system for steels for pressure equipment, Annex B (normative) Requirements for prevention of brittle fracture at low temperatures wenceneeue 9 BA General, B2 Material selection and impact eneray requirements B24 Introduction : B22 Method 1 B23 Method 2 B24 Method 3— Fracture mechanics analysis B.3 General test requirements et B34. General... B32. Sub-sized specimens B4 Welds : Bat General. B42 Welding procedure qualification B.4.3 Production test plates B.5 Materials for use at elevated temperatures. B.5.1 General... : c B52 Materials 8.5.3 Welding procedure qualification and production test plates... B.5.4 Start up and shut down procedure... : B55 Pressure test... pa Annex C (informative) Procedure for detert (WsRF).. sane Annex D (informative) Tech D1 Introductory note D2 Requirements for the material D3 Requirements for the deposited matorial.. D.4 Qualification of the cladding procedure tla de Standardizare din Romania, Ag ation ofthe weld creep strength reduction factor al delivery conditions for clad products for pressure purposes 21210812046 Asociatia de Standardizare din Romi EN 13445.2:2014 (E) Issue 4 (2014-09) DS Production tests ‘Annex E (informative) European steels for pressure purposes E11 European Standards for steels and steel! components for pressure purposes. 2 European standardised steels grouped according to product forms. Annex ¥ (informative) History of EN 13445.2...... YA Differences between EN 13445-2:2008 and EN 13445-2:2014. Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of the EU Pressure Equipment Directive 97/23/EC . 82 Bibliography runnin05/2046 itia de Standardizare din Romania, Ae EN 13445-2:2014 (E) Issue 4 (2074-08) Foreword This document (EN 13445-2:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 54 “Unfired pressure vessels", the secretarial of which is neld by BSI. ‘This European Slanderd shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2074, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2014. ‘Attention is drawn to the possibilty that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [ancfor CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ‘This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s), For relationship with EU Directve(s), se informative Annex ZA, which isan integral part ofthis document This European Standard consists of the following Parts: — Patt: General — Per2: Meterials — Patt: Design — Para: Fabrication — Part 8: Inspection and testing. — Parté: Requirements for the design and fabrication of pressure vessels and pressure parts constructed from spheroidal araphite cast iron. — CR 13445-7, Unfired pressure vessels — Pari 7: Guidance on the use of conformity assessment procedures. — Pari 8: Additional requirements for pressure vessels of eluminium and aluminium alloys. — CEN/TR 13445. Unfired pressure vessels — Part 9: Conformance of EN 13445 series to iSO 16528 Although these Parts may be obtained separalely, it should be recognised that the Parts are inter-dependant, As such the manufecture of unfired pressure vessels requires the application of all the relevant Parts in order for the requirements of the Standard to be satisfactory fulfilled, Corrections to the standard interpretations where several options seem possible are conducted through the Migration Help Desk (MHD). Information related to the Help Desk can be found at itp: unm.fr (ent3445@unm fr). A form for submitting questions can be downloaded from the link to the MHD website, After subject experts have agreed an answer, the answer will be communicated {0 the questioner. Corrected pages will be given specific issue number and issued by CEN according to CEN Rules, Interpretation sheets will be posted on the website of the MHD. ‘This document supersedes EN 13445-2:2008. This new edition incorporates the Amendments which have been approved previously by CEN members, and the corrected pages up lo Issue 5 without any further technical change, Annex Y provides details of significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition.12/05/2016 Asociatia de Standardizare din Romania, EN 13445-2:2014 (E) Issue 1 (2014-09) Amendments to this new edition may be issued from time fo lime and then used immediately as alternatives 10 rules contained herein. It is intended to deliver a new Issue of EN 13445:2014 each year, starting with the present document as Issue ‘, consolidating these Amendments and including other identified corrections. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following Countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, lialy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the UnitedEN 13445-2:2014 (E) Issue 1 (2014-09) 1 Scope This Pert of this European Standard specifies the requirements for materials (including clad materials) for unfired pressure vessels and supports which are covered by EN 13445-:2014 and manufactured from metalic materials; itis currently limited f0 steels with sufficient ductlity but it is, for components operating in the creep range, also limited to sufficiently creep ducile materials It specifies the requirements for the selection, inspection, testing and marking of metallic materiale for the ‘fabrication of unfired pressure vessels. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies, yosi2016 EN 764-1:2004, Pressure equipment — Terminology — Part 1: Pressure, temperature, volume, nominal size EN 764-2:2012, Pressure equipment — Part 2: Quantities, symbols and units EN 764-3:2002, Pressure equipment — Part 3: Definition of parties involved EN 1092-1:2007, Flanges and their joints — Circular flanges for pipes, valves, fittings and accessories, PN designated — Pari 1: Steel flanges EN 10028-2:2009, Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes —- Part 2: Non-alloy and alloy steels with specified elevated temperature properties EN 10028-3:2008. Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes —~ Part 3: Weldable fine grain steels, nomatized en 10028-2009, at products made o steels fr pressure purposes — Part 4: Nickel alloy seals with spec E ow tomporatre properties 3g EN 10028-5:2009, Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes — Part 5: Weldable fine grain steels, = thermomechanically rolled "ZEN 10028-62000, Fat products made of steels for pressure purpeses — Por 6: Woldable the grin toes quenched and tempered EN 10028-7:2007, Flat products made of sieels for pressure purposes — Part 7: Stainless steels EN 10164:2004, Stee! products with improved deformation properties perpendicular to the surface of the product — Technical delivery conditions EN 10204:2004. Metallic products — Types of inspection documents EN 10216-3:2013, Seamiess ste! tubes for pressure purposes — Technical delivery conditions — Part 3: Alloy fine grain steel tubes EN 10216-4:2013, Seamless steel tubes for pressure purposes —- Technical delivery conditions —~ Part 4: Non-alioy and alloy stee! tubes with specified law temperature properties EN 10217-3:2002, £N10217-3:2002/A1:2005, Welded sie! tubes for pressure purposes — Technical delivery conditions — Part 3: Alloy fine grain stee! tubes EN 10217-4:2002, EN 10217-4:2002/A1:2005, Welded stool tubes for pressure purposes — Technical delivery conditions — Part 4: Electric welded non-alioy steel tubes with specified low temperature properties 61210512016 Asociatia de Standardizare din Romania, EN 13445-2:2014 (E) Issue 1 (2014-09) EN 10217-6:2002, EN 10217-6.2002/A1:2008, Welded sleet tubes for pressure purposes — Technical delivery conditions — Part 6: Submerged arc welded non-alloy steel tubes vith specified low temperature properties EN 10222-3:1998, Stee! forgings for pressure purposes — Part 3: Nickel steels with specified low temperature properties EN 10222-4:1898, EN 10222-4:1998/1:2001, Stee! forgings for pressures purposes — Part 4: Weldable fine grain steels wilh high proof strength EN 10269:1999, EN 10269:1999/A1:2006, Sleeis and nickel alloys for fasteners with specified elevated and/or low temperature properties 10273:2007. Hot rolled weldable steel bars tor pressure purposes with specified elevated temperature properties EN 12074:2000, Welding consumables — Quality requirements for manufacture, supply and distribution of consumables for welding and allied processes EN 13445-1:2014, Untred pressure vessels — Part 1: General ( EN 13645-8:2018, Unfred pressure vessels — Part 3: Design EN 18445-4:2014, Unfred pressure vessels — Part 4: Fabrication EN 13445-5:2014, Untied pressure vessels ~ Part 5: Inspection and testing EN 12479.2004, Welding consumables — General product standard for filer metals and fluxes for fusion welding of metallic materials EN ISO 148-1:2010, Metallic materials — Charpy pendulum impact test — Part 1: Test method (|SO 148-1:2010) EN ISO 204:2009, Metallic materials — Uniaxial creep testing in tension — Method of test (ISO 204:2009) EN ISO 898-1:2013, Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alley steel — Part 1: Bolts, screws and studs with specified property classes — Coarse thread and fine pitch thread (ISO 898-1:2013) EN ISO 898-2:2012, Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon stee! and alloy steel — Part 2: Nuts with specified property classes — Coarse thread and fine pitch thread (ISO 898-2:2012) EN ISO 2566-1:1999, Stee! — Conversion of elongation values — Part 1: Carbon and low alloy steels (ISO 2566-1:1984) EN ISO 2666-2:1999, Stee! — Conversion of elongation values — Part 2: Austenitic steels (ISO 2566-2:1984) EN ISO 3506-1:2009, Mechanical properties of corrosion-resistant stainless-steel fasteners ~ Part 1: Bolts, screws and studs (180 3506- 1:2009) EN ISO 3506-2:2009, Mechanical properties of corrosion-resistant stainless-stee) fasteners — Part 2: Nuts (ISO 3508-2:2009) EN ISO 6892-1:2009, Metalic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Mothod of fest at room temperature (180 6892-1:2008) CEN ISO/TR 18608:2013, Weicing — Guidelines for a metalic material grouping system (ISO/TR 15808:2013)‘yosi2016 itia de Stondardizare din Romania, as EN 13445-2:2014 (E) Issue 1 (2014-09) 3. Terms, definitions, symbols and units 3.4 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard the terms and definitions given in EN 13445-1:2014, EN 784-1:2004, EN 764-3.2002 and the following terms and definitions shall apply, 344 minimum metal temperature 7: the lowest temperature determined for any of the following conditions (also see 2.1.2, 3.1.3} normal operations; — start up and shut down procedures; ——_ possible process upsets. such as flashings of fluid, which fiave an almospheric boiling point below 0 *C: — during pressure or leak testing, 3.1.2 temperature adjustment term 7; relevant fo the calculation of the design reference temperature 7, and is dependent on the calculated tensile membrane stress at the appropriate minimum metal temperature NOTE 1 — Values for 7, are given in Table B.2-12. NOTE2 For tensile membrane siress reference is made io EN 12445-3:2014, Annex C. 3.4.3 design reference temperature i the temperature used for determining the impact energy requirements and is determined by adding the temperature adjustment 7, to the minimum metal temperature Ts Te Be Ts 3.4.4 impact test temperature Tis the temperature at which the required impact energy has to be achieved (see 8.2). 345 impact energy Ki the energy absorbed by a sample of material when subjected to a Charpy-V-notch test in accordance with EN ISO 148-1:2010 34.8 reference thickness &, thickness of a component to be used to relate the design reference temperature i, of the component with its required impact test temperature Tay, (See Tables B.2-2 to B.2-7 and Figures B.2-1 to B.2-11), For unwelded parts the reference thickness ex is equal to the nominal wall thickness (including corrosion allowance). For welded parts the reference thickness is defined in Table 8.4-1 347 ‘weld creep strength reduction factor (WCSRF) factor to account for creep strength reduction at the weldmentEN 13445-2:2014 (E) Issue 1 (2014-09) 3.2 Symbols and units For the purpose of this part, the symbols and units of EN 764-2:2012 apply together with those given in Table 3.2-1 and Table 3.2-2. Table 3.2-1 — Quantities for space and time Quantity T Symbol time i S.min, hd, a frequency | f Hz dimension seis mm length mm = thickness e mm 3 comresion allowance ¢ mm = diameter aD mn, ¢ redius aR mom areal 45 fm volume, capacity i am Be weight ¥ KN density 2 Fel? [second moment af area l ome section modulus z mms 2cceleration mis! plane angle ary Greek eter rad,” [5 Symbols may use any lower-case lt ‘excep or hose defined eisewhere nih ane © Vojume may alsa be ohen in mo © Le “UIs 2 non-S unt wich may be used wih Suns and thei mutipls. Density may alsa be gen In kg" Asoviatia de Standardizare din Ram3 EN 13445-2:2014 (E) Issue 4 (2074-09) 10 Table 3.2-2— Mechanical quantities Quantity = Symbol Unit force F W moment M Nem presaure BP bar ® MPa Temperature T * _ linear expansion coefficient @ yeni normal stress 2 MPa shear stress MPa nominal design stress i MPa tensile strength Rn MPa ltimate tensile srength at temperature T | fat MPa yield strength Re - MPa yield strength at temperature T |__Rer MPa Upper yield strength f fee MPa 1% proof strength Rp.0 Pa 0.2 % proaf sirength p02 MPa 10.2 % proof strength al temperature T Rat MPa modulus of elasticity E MPa shear modulus G MPa Poisson's ratlo » = strain 2 % elongation after facture 4 % Impact energy xi J hardness HB. HD = Join’ coaficient s = safely factor s = Mean 1% creep strain limit at calculation temperature] & MPa T and lifetime t { ee Mean creep rupture strengin at caleulation| MPa temperature Tand ifetime mae Weld creep sirengih reduction factor % _ *Quanties without a temperature index normal 19 teom temperature. Some ofthese symba's, such a8 8, fare not part of ISO 31 oat is 8 nomSI unit which may be used with SI units and thelr mtpls, The unt bar shall be. used on nameplates, ceniates, drawings, pressure gauges and instnmentaion arc is always Used as a gauge brossure. This is line wth the equrement ofthe Preusure Equipment Drestve O7/231E0.2105/2016 Asoclatia de Standardizare din Romania, EN 13445-2:2014 (E) Issue 1 (2014-09) 4 Requirements for materials to be used for pressure-bearing parts 4.1 General 4.1.1 Matenals to be used for pressure-bearing parts shall meet the general requirements of 4.1 and the speciat provisions of 4 2. if applicable Materials for pressure bearing parts shall be ordered complying with the technicat delivery conditions in 4 3. Marking of materials for pressure-bearing parts shall be performed in accordance with 4.4 Materials shall be selected fo be compatible with anticipated fabrication steps and to be suitable for the internal fluid and external environment. Both normal operating conditions and transient conditions occurring during fabrication transport, testing and operation shail be taken into account when specifying the materials, NOTE 1 The roquremants of 4.1 and 4.2 should also be fullled when technical delivery conditions are developed for European material standards, European approval of materials or particular material appraisals NOTE2 When tachnical dalivery conditions for pressure-bosring parts are developed, the structure and requirements of EN 7644:2002 should be mel. Exceptions should be technically justified ¢ The materials shall be grouped in accordance with CEN ISO/TR 15608:2013 to relate manufacturing and inspection requirements to generic material types. NOTES Materials have been allocated into these groups in accordance wilh their chemical composition and properties in view of manulacture ana heat teeatment after welding 4.4.2. Materials for pressure-bearing parts compliant with the requirements of this European Standard shall be accompanied by inspection documents in accordance with EN 10204:2004. Cerificate of specific control (3.1 or 3.2 certificate} shall be required for ali steels if Design by Analysis ~ Direct Route according to Annex B of EN 13445-3:2014 Is used, NOTE The type of inspection document should be in accordance with EN 764.6:2002 and Include a declaration of compliance to the materia! spectication, 4.4.3. The materials shall be free irom surface and internal defects which can impair their intended usability. 44.4 Steels shall have a specified minimum elongalion afer fracture measured on a gauge length 152565, f5,_ (44-1) ¢ where S's the original cross sectional area within the gauge length. ‘The minimum elongation after fracture in any direction shall be > 44 %; However, lower elongation values may also be applied (2.9. for fasteners or castings), provided that appropriate measures are taken fo compensate for these lower values and the specific requirements are verifiable NOTE Examples for compensation: — application of higher safety factors in design; — performance of burst tests to demonstrate ductile material behaviour, “41905/2016 tia de Standardizare din Romania, As! EN 13445-2:2014 (E) Issue 1 (2014-09) 4.1.5 When measured on a gauge length other than thal stated in 4.1.4, the minimum elongation after fracture shall be determined by converting the elongation given in 4.1.4 in accordance with — EN ISO 2566-1:1899 for carbon and low alley steels: —_ EN ISO 2566-2:1999 for austenitic steals. 4.1.6 Steels shall have a specified minimum impact eneray measured on @ Charpy-V-notch impact test specimen [EN ISO 148-1:2010) as follows: — 227 Jior ferritic and 1,5 % to § % Ni alloy steels; — 240 J for steels of material group 8, 9.3 and 10 at a test temperature in accordance with Annex B, but not higher than 20 °C. The other requirements of Annex B shall also apply. 4.4.7 The chemical compesition of steels intended for welding or forming shall not exceed the values in Table 4.1-1. Line 2 of the table refers to vessels or carts designed using Design by Analysis ~ Direct Route according to Annex B of EN 13445-3:2014, Exceptions shall be technically justi Table 4.1-1 — Maximum carbon-, phosphorus- and sulphur contents for steels intended for welding or forming Steel group ‘Maximum content of cast analysis (eccording to Table A-1) ue %P %S Steals : T veoania 0,235 0.035 0.025 ‘Steels (1108 anc 9) 020 0,025 0,015 when DBA ~ Direct Route is used * oe L Femi tales ses 008 aaa 0,018 Marenstis Siainless steels | a06 0,040 0,015 eee as 008 0,045 0,015" aa ‘Slainiess steels oa 0.035 0015 Avatar one slahiest seas | 0.080 0,035 0.018 Maximum content of product analyels 0.25 %, © For products to be machined a controlled suiphur content of 0,018 % to 0,030 % is permitted by agreement provided the resistance to corrosion is salised forthe inlended purpose, In adcition the ration thickness reduction (ratio of inal thicknass of slabiingot to the thicknese of the final plate) shal be equal or greater than: — 4 for NL2 steels and steels of material group &: — 34or other materials, 129210512016 Asoclatia de Standardizare din Romania, EN 13445-2:2014 (E) Issue 1 (2014-09) 4.2. Special provisions 4.2.1 Special properties 4.2.44 General Where the behaviour of a material can be affected by manufacturing processes or operating conditions, to an extent that would adversely affect the safely or service life of the pressure vessel, this shall be taken into consideration when specifying material Adverse effects may arise from: — manufacturing processes: e g. degree of cold forming and heat treatment; operating conditions: e.9. hydrogen embrittlement. corrosion, scaling and ageing behaviour of the material after cold forming, 424.2 Lamellar te ng Where lamellar tearing due to the joint design and loading needs to be addressed, steels shall be used which have improved deformation properties perpendicular to the surface and verified in accordance with EN 10184:2004, NOTE — Forguidanos see EN 1011-2 4.2.2 Design temperature above 20°C 4.2.2.1 A‘material shall only be used for pressure parts within the range of temperatures for which the material properties requited by EN 13445-3:2014 are defined in the technical specification for the material. If the technical delivery condition doas not contain the specific material values required for the allowable temperature TS the values required in EN 13445-3:2014 for the design shall be determined by linear interpolation between the two adjacent values. Values shall not be rounded up. For other than austenitic and austenitic-ferrtic stainless steels, the specified value of Ray (Raz) at room tempe- rature (RT) may be used for temperatures less than or equal to 60°C. Interpolation between 60°C and 100°C shall be performed with the values of RT and 100°C and using 20°C as the starting point for interpolation. Above 4100 °C linear interpolation shall be performed between the tabulated values given in the table, 422.2 As the impact properties may be affected by long or frequent holding of the material at elevated lemperatures, it is presupposed that the temperatures and periods of exposure fo elevated temperatures be recorded for review during in-service inspection. The influence of such exposure upon the lifetime expectancy shall bbe estimated and recorded, For operations such as drying end cleaning of pressure vessels, steels with specified low temperature properties but without elevated temperature 0,2 % proof strength values may however be used at elevated temperatures for drying and cleaning processes provided that the vaives of 0,2 % proof strength used in design caiculations for elevated temperatures shall be obtained by multiplying the specified minimum yield strength values at 20 °C by the factor given in Table 4.2-4, 3EN 13445-2:2014 (E) Issue 1 (2014-09) Table 4.21 — Yield strength reduction factors for low temperature steels 1 Taipeanis Steel | [100°¢ | 2oo:¢ | 260%c | 300°C Quenched and tempored 0.88 0.64 0.60 Normalised or thermomechanical treated O70 0.58 053 | 0.48 Interpolation shall be carried out as in 4.22.7 4.23. Prevention of brittle fracture The requirements in Annex 8 shall apply 05/2016 4.2.4 Design properties in the creep range 42.4.1 Creep properties of baso material For interpolation and extrapolation of creep properties given in the materials standard, see EN 13445-3:2014, Clause 13, When creep properties are not available from a materials standard, they shall be determined using EN ISO 204.2009, Romania, 4.2.4.2 Creep properties of weldments Creap properties of weld joints subjected to stresses normal to the weld can differ significantly from those of the 2 base material 'S For the design of vessels in the creep range. this is taken into account in EN 13445.3:2014 by making use of @ 2 weld creep strength reduction factor z, obtained from fests on weldments. If no data are available, a default value & of z, isuses. © Anacceptable method to determine 2, by cross-weld tests is given in Annex C (see also [17). = 4.2.5 Specific requirements for steels for fasteners Fasteners include bolis, studs and nuts, Free cuiting ste! shall not be used. Bolting made of carbon steel or Ni alloy ferric steel with > 3,5 % nickel shell not be used above 300 °C. ‘The specified minimum tensile strength of bar material of ferttic and martensitic steel for bolts shall not exceed 1000 MPa. The minimum elongation of bar material after fracture shall be at leasl As = 14 %, Impact requirements for ferrtic and martensitic steels are specified in B.2.2.4 Bolt material with a design temperature below ~160 °C shall be impact tested at ~196 °C. Hydrogen embrittlement, fatigue or relaxation properties shall be taken into account where appropriate. 14‘270812016, ja de Standardizare din Romania, € EN 13445.2:2044 (E) Issue 1 (2014-09) NOTE 1 Detailed requirements on the surface condition and internal soundness of the bar can be necessary for some ‘applications NOTE2 Materials for fastoners compliant wih the requirements of this standard should be certified on the basis of 10204-2008, 4.3 Technical delivery conditions 43.4 European Standards The European Standards for plates, sinips, bars, tubes. forgings and castings for pressure purposes shall be used. NOTE 1 Table £ 2+ provides an overview on maleias for pressure purposes specified in harmonised standards NOTE2 Table E.1-1 conteins an informative summary of European Materials Standards referred to and of European Slandares covering components of pressure-pearing pars, ‘Special provisions due to fabrication and operation shall be taken into account, if appropriate, 43.2 European Approval for Materials ‘A material specified in an EMDS for pressure vessels shall only be used within its range of application and if 4.4 and 4.2 have been teken into consideration. 4.3.3 Particular material appraisals Materials other than those specified in 4.3.1 and 4.3.2 may also be used provided that they have been undergone a Particular material appraisal and if 4.1 and 4.2 have been taken into consideration, 43.4 Clad products ‘Technical delivery conditions for clad products for pressure parts shall be in accordance with the requirements of Annex D. NOTE 1 European Standards specifying technical delivery conditions for clad products for pressure purposes are not ‘currently avaifable NOTE2 — Examples of national documents covering technical delivery condition for clad steeis are given in [2] to [4 4.3.8 Welding consumables Technical delivery conditions for welding consumables used of pressure parts and attachments to pressure parts shall be in accordance with EN 13479:2004 and EN 12074:2000. NOTE Equivalent nationatinternational specications are accepted which full the same cileria with respect to the requirements for the Quality Assurance System and the requirements for manufacture, supply cistribution, test methods and evaluation of consumables, 4.4 Marking ‘The marking of the products or delivery units shall ensure traceability between the product or delivery unit and the inspection documents, 45EN 13445+2:2014 (E) Issue 1 (2074-08) For European standardised materials the marking shall full the requirements of the relevant product standard. For materials nat contained in a European Standard the marking shall at least contain: ~ the material specification (reference, material designation), — the manufacturers name or mark; — the siamp of the inspection represeniative, if applicable. For material supplied with specific inspection the marking shall include an identification which permits the correlation between the product or delivery unit and the relevant inspection document, 5 Requirements for materials to be used for non-pressure parts For non-pressure paris, e.g. for supporting lugs, skirts, batfles and similar parts wekled to pressure vessels, ‘material shall be used which are supplied to material specifications covering at least requirements for the chemical composition and the tensile properties. These materials shall not limit the operating conditions of the material to which they are attached. ‘y0si2016 de Standardizare din Romania, 16s2)0s2016 Asociatia de Standardizare din Romania, « EN 13445-2:2014 (E) Issue 1 (2014-09) Annex A (normative) Grouping system for steels for pressure equipment feels shall be grouped as shown in Table A-1. The figures given in group 1 are referring to the ladle analysis of the matenals. The figures given in group 4 to 10 are based on the element content used in the designation of the alloys. Table A-1 — Grouping system for steels (extract from CEN ISO/TR 15608:2013) = r Type of steel Group | Se ype of ste | Steels with a spectied minimum yeld stength Ry $460 MP=® and with analysis in % | | os025 | sic060 | ns 1.70 | Mo #0.70° 550,085 P 0,008 cus 0.40" Nicos? Cr s0,3 (04 for castingsi® Nos 0.05 Vs01@ T0005 Toi | Stesis with a speoiied mnimum yield suength Ry < 278 MPa 12 | Stools with @ specited minimum void stiength 275 MPS < Rai = 360 MPa 13 | Normalised fine grin sets with a spectiod minimum yield strength Ray » 360 MPa 14 | Stools with improved almospheric covesion resistance whose analysis may exceed the | requirements forthe single elements as indicated under 1 2 | Thermomechenicaly Voated fine grain steels and eact eioale with a epociiod minimum yield | steenath 2, > 360 MPa 21 | Thermomechenically Weated fhe grain slels and cast steals wih a specified cirimum yield | strongth 360 MPa < rs 480 MPa |22 | Thermomechenisally treated fine grain stools and cast stools wth a spectied minimum yield | | strength Ra 460 MPa see} ‘Guenched and tempered steels and pracipitation hardenea steels except stainless steels with a i spoctied minimum yale strongth Ra, > 360 MPa [S41 | Quenche and tempored steels with a Spectied minimum yield stength | 380 MPa < fy 5690 MPa [32 | Guenchad and tempered sloels with a specified minimum yield skeagih Ry 690 MPa [3.3 | Precipitation hardened slots except stainless steels 72105/2016 5 é de Standarcizare As EN 13445-2:2014 (E) Issue 1 (2014-09) Table Ast (concluded) 10.5 %£Cr=30 Group | SY | Type of steel [rou | a | Low vanadium slaved Crio-t) etoaia wih Wo 207 and V0.1 % 44 | Stests with Gr= 0.3 % and Nis 0.7 % [42 | Steels with Cr 0,7 % and Nis 1.5 Pea s_| | Creo stows fee of vanadium wih C= 0.35% = [_Sa__| Steels wih 075% < Crs 1.5% ana Mo £07 % [52 | Steels with 1,5 % «Gr 23.5% and 0,7 24% © inaccortanco with ne speciation ofthe stot product stondarss, Rx may be replaced by Rua: oF ys © Atighor valu i accepted proved thet Cr» Mo =Ni = Cus 0.75% ©_"Free of vanadium’ means not delete added tothe materia 1812/05/2016 Asociatia de Standardizare din Rom EN 13445.2:2014 (E) Issue 1 (2014-08) Annex B (normative) Requirements for prevention of brittle fracture at low temperatures B.1 General This annex distinguishes between pressure equipment that has design temperature for normal operation higher or lower than 50°C, For pressure equipment with normal operation temperatures higher than 60 °C B 5 applies. I B.5is not applicable, the following rules for lower normal operation temperatures shall be used. For pressure equipment with design temperature equal to or less than $0 °C this annex specifies hree alternative methods for establishing criteria for the prevention of low temperature brite fracture") of steels in the form of plate, sirip, tubes, fitings, forgings, castings, flanges, fasteners and weldments used in pressure parts. The criteria are based on impact energy requirements at specified temperatures for the base material, neat affected zone (including the fusion line) and weld metals. ‘The three methods are: Method 1 Code of Practice: a) Technical requirements based on the choice of Ta = Tins 88 specified in harmonised European Material Standards end on the assumption that it is possible to achieve these minimum properties after fabrication, Calculated from the principles of fracture mechanics used for method 2 for C and CMin steels with yield strength < 460 MPa and b) based on operating experience for Ni-alloyed steels with Ni2 3% up to 9 %, for austenitic steels and for bolts and nuts. Method 2. Method developed from the principles of fracture mechanics and from operating experiences ‘A more flexible approach than method 1 for derivation of technical requirements applicable to C, CMn, fine grain steels, Ni-alloyed steels with not more than 1.5 % of Ni with a specified minimum yield strength < 600 MPa and for austenitic-ferritic steels with a specified minimum yield strength $550 MPa. This method can be applied for these steels to a wider range of thicknesses and jemperatures than method 1 because Tx must not be equal io Tar (see Figures 8.2-1 to B2-11), In addiion, for ferric steels with max 355MPa in PWHT condition operation experience was Considered for higher thicknesses. Method 3 The application of 2 fracture mechanics analysis. This general method is applicable to cases not covered by methods 1 or 2. This method may also be used to justify deviations from the requirements of method 1 or 2. Only general guidance is given on the use of this method which shall only be used in agreement with the parties concerned, 1) Including temperatures at pressure tests 19EN 13445-2:2014 (E) Issue 1 (2014-09) Each of the three methods may be used independently. it is only necessary to satisfy the requirement of any one method All applicable combinations of the temperatures 7, (minimum metal temperature) and 7; (lemperature adjustment term) shall be considered and the lowest possible Tj-value (design referance temperature) shall be used for the determination of the required material impact test temperature, NOTE For defintions of temperature terms see 3.1.1 to 314 B.2 Material selection and impact energy requirements B.2.1 Introduction The methods specified in 8.2.2 (method 1) or B.2.3 (method 2) shall be used to determine the impact energy B required to avoid bitte fracture. Alternatively. 8.2.4 (method 3) may be used to determine the required toughness, 8 The method used shall be fully documented, in order to ensure that compliance can be verified, Reference thickness for constructional details is defined in Table 8.4-1 B.2.2 Method 1 8.221 General Method 1 allows the selection of materials taken from harmonised European material standards with regard to £ prevention of britle fracture. Table 8.21 gives an overview to the following tables by steel type and product form, z & The weld metal, the heat affected zone and other parts affected by manufacturing processes shall satisfy the same impact energy requirements as the guaranteed minimum properties for he base material at fe given in the tables. & The Table lists design reference temperatures for maximum thickness at given strength levels represented by B sleets from harmonised European material standards with guaranteed minimum strength and impact properties. 5 Where it Is not possible to achieve these minimum properties after fabrication, a tougher starting material shall be & selected. : Table B.2-1 — Guide to material selection Table, Material or product form Steel group Clause 2 82-2 Plates and strips Ferritic steels, B222 B23 ‘Seamless and welded pipes B24 Bars B25 Forgings I B28 Nialloyed steels (1,5 1,5 %) Table 6.2.6 lists Ni alloyed sleels up to and including 5% Nickel taken from harmonised European material standards. ‘Tabie B.2-7 lists Ni alloyed steels with 9 % Nickel taken from harmonised European material standards, ‘The tabulated value of 7 is based on the impact test temperature Thy for kl 7 23"10512016 2 ia de Standardizare din Romania, EN 13445-2:2014 (E) Issue 1 (2014-09) Table B.2-6 — General requirements for prevention of brittle fracture with reference thickness for Ni-alloyed steels with 1,5 % < Ni< 5 % Ni-alloyed steel, 4,5 % ) Materials can be used to maximum thickness permitted in harmonised European material standards B.224 Bolts and nuts For other bolts and nuts than given in Table 8.2-8 a specified impact eneray of minimum 40 J is required at Tey = RT for Ty = 2 ~10 °C (where RT means Room Temperature), If Tis lower than ~10 °C, specified impact energy of minimum 40 J is required at Tay < Tu Except bolting material made from austenitic stainless steels specified in Table 8.2-9 an¢ 8.2-10, bolting material with a design temperature below ~160 °C shall be impact tested at ~196 °C. Table B.2-8 — General requirements for prevention of brittle fracture with reference thickness for nuts and bolts for TM > -10 °C European Standard Type of Thickness Impact test AV for | Tost temperature? material * imitation Tez0C | value) EN 10269:1998 ‘Airsteels | According to ‘Recording to “Recoraing 1 | EN 10268:1989 | EN 10269-1999, | EN 10268-1900, Table 4 Table a EN TSO 608-12013 36 |Me36 Mz 16 RT 740 38 [Meso RY 2I EN 180 898-2:2012 5 oo 8 = 31 Starang materia sab comply wih EN 10289-1688, Ascot to EN 1S0 148-:2010. the room tereralure, RT. s equal 923 °C-=5 C 25“yosr2016 EN 13445-2:2014 Issue 1 (2074-09) (e) ‘Table B.2-9 — General requirements for prevention of brittle fracture with reference thickness for nuts and bolts, bolting material according to EN 10269:1999 ja de Standardigare din Romania, Type of material | Thickness | impacttest | my Remark | limitation | | 14807, 120, Aesordingto | Acsardingia ~~ ~~—~~108°C | Venfoationrequred 1.4303, 14404, | EN 10269-1999, | EN 10268:1999, for diameter or 14401, 14848, | Table7 | Table 4 thickness > 20 mm 1.4919, 1.4941, 4.4980 2) | 1.4429, 14910, | According to ‘According to “273°C | Vericaiion required EN 10268:1999, | EN 10269:1999, for diameter or Table 7 Table 4 thickness > 20 mm 1.5523, 1.1133 | According to According to | 20°C = 1.6583 | EN 10269:1999, | EN 10269:1999, Teble 7 Table 7 ce 17218 1560 mm ‘According to =80°e = ae EN 10268:1999, 7 fet ; SO 0.75 o7sesih> 025 | fims025 | < 50 MPa w | Non welded or oc | = 70-80%/1f +50°C + 80°C 2 |post-weld heat treated | i 8 Hee | | eel S [As welded orc | oc orc | 240°C ® Except for material group 9.1, 9.2 and 9.3, Tz shall net be lower than ~110 °C for fertile and austenitc-feic sted. © The membrane stress shall fake account of internal and external pressure and dead weight. For walls and pipes of heat ‘exchangers the restraint of ee end cisplacement of the heal exchanger pipes should also be taken into account B23 Method 2 8.2.3.1 General This method 2 applies to C, ClMn, fine grain steels, Nialloyed steels with not more than 1.5% Ni and with 3 specified minimum yield strength <500MPa and to austeniticerrtic steels with a specified minimum yield strength <550 MPa. This method 2, based on fracture mechanics [18.32] can be used to determine the requirements to avoid brite fracture in these steels, and may be used at a design reference temperature Te which is lower than the design reference temperature T, derived by method 1. In this procedure the design reference lemperature Jy Is not equal to the impact test temperature Tix. The diagrams show the relationship between Tr and Tiy depending on reference thickness and material strength. Distinction is made for as-welded (AW) and post weld heat treated (PWHT) condition. This mathod does not apply to thermomechanically-rolled steels thicker then 38mm. Two alternatives are provided in Tables B.2-13 and B.2-14 (Nomograms for reference thickness up to 36 mm in AW-concition and up to 110mm in PWHT condition) and Table B.2-18 (for reference thickness up to 200 mmm), i é : a & For constructional details reference thickness ay is dined in Table Balt. Table B.2-13 and B.2-14 show which figure shall be used to determine the impact test temperature Ti. or the design reference temperature Tp. The condition “non-welded” shall be treated as the condition PWHT. Parent material, welds and HAZs shall meet the impact energy Kat impact test temperature Ticv Table B.2-15 provides toughness requirements for components with thickness up to 200 mm in PWHT condition, ‘The weld metal, the heat affected zones and other parts affected by manufacturing processes shall satisfy the ‘same impact energy requirements as given in the table 8.2-18 at Tx NOTE Table B.2-15 complies with Method 2 basic principles and allows the use of pressure components with reference thickness eg up to 200mm thickness, when Nomograms of Method 2 do not apply anymore, However. the application of Table B.2-15 for lover thicknesses than 110 mm is not restricted, but will result in higher toughness recuirements es can be derived from Figures B 2-1 10 B.2-7 of Method 1 282705/2016 n Romania, 2 EN 13445.2:2014 (E) Issue 1 (2014-09) Linear interpolation between strength and thickness levels given in the Figures B.2-1 to B.2-11 is allowed Alternatively the next higher strength class or wall thickness can be used. Lower test temperatures than Tis are admissible for the same requirements. The temperature adjustment given in Table 8.2 beyond the temperatur 2 applias also to method 2. Extrapolations for temperature ranges INges as given in the nomograms are not permissible. ‘Table 8.2-13 — Impact energy requirements for C, Chin, fine grain steels, Ni-alloyed steels with not more than 1,5 % Ni Specified minmum yiets Rested impact eneray AV) Figure defining required ky strength of base material | (" 10.mm 19 mm a | J nin posted eat treated As welded RS 275 I | B21 B22 Seats F 40 B25 if B26 f rn aa i 328 Table 8.2~14 — Impact energy requirments for austonitic-ferritic stainless steels Smoresrnmm amram] Regu aE | Rave stan auc rs R £385 [ 40 B29 | oy 32.10 Re $ 550 | 40 B21 Table B.2-15 — Impact energy requirements for higher thickness for C, CMin, fine grain steels, Ni-alloyed steels with not more than 1,5 % Ni Specified minimum yield strengih | Required impact energy &1” (on ae of base maieral | 40x10 mm specimen) at Ta Re s275 1 2 200 raass i © Sem 0 : R, $460 I 60 i 65 - 200 £500 I 60 60-200 B.2.3.2 Procedure for base material less than 10 mm thick Ty values and Txy values shall be in accordance with Figures 8.2-1 to B.2~11. The impact energy requirements ate as specified in Tables B.2~13 and B.2-14, For wall thicknesses < 20 mm the curve for 20 mm shall be used. ‘The required energies for the sub-sized specimens are given in Table 8.3-1 29EN 13445-2:2014 (E) Issue 1 (2014-09) 8.2.3.3 Nomograms for Method 2 275 MPa, PWHT | 0 kr e2rd 1 ay | Envi | eg = 110 1-78 Hag eee 90) 419.6 a 70 | ae = 28,1 8 53.4 5 t “i 3 30 | : | | be | 1 = / te te a -60 40 20 oO 20 Thy = Key ET design reference temperature (*C) © Tis material impact test temperature (°C) © cy. reference thickness (mm) © Figure B.2~1 — METHOD 2: Design reference temperature and impact test temperature, post weld heat i treated (PWHT) condition, for Re 275 MPa and AV> 27 J As 301210812016 Asociatia de Standardizare din Romania, EN 43445.2:2014 (E) Issue 1 (2014-09) 40) 265 MPa, AW. 20- oF : 20 Key Tq sign reference temperature yy material impact tos! temperature 9 telerence thickness Figure 8.2-2 — METHOD 2: Design reference temperature and impact test temperature as-welded (AW) condition, for R$ 265 MPa and KV2 27 J aEN 43445-2:2044 (E) Issue { (2044-09) Tr Essswea.pwer | | | 20 — fe wr + | 20 ° | 1 ee Wee a | : | | ee Key design raference temperature (°C) xe material impact test tamperature (°C) +» Feference thickness (mmm) Figure 8.2-3 — Method 2; Design reference temperature and impact test tomperature, post weld heat treated (PWHT) condition, R, £355 MPa and KI" 27 J ia de Standardizare din Romania, 2 32Asociatia de Standardizare din Romania, EN 13445-2:2044 (E) Issue 1 (2014-09) A ee 29). 385 MPa. AW ob. Koy Tr design reference temperature Tox material impact test temperature reference thickn Figure 8.24 — Method 2: Design reference temperature and impact test temperature as-welced (AW) ‘condition, &, $355 MPa and K¥'> 27 J 33EN 13445-2:2014 (E) Issue 1 (2044-09) -100 # “60 ~40 -20 0 20 Tew Key Th, dosign reference temperature *C) Ti. material impact test temperature (°C) ca ‘erence thickness (rm) Figure B.2-5 — Method 2: Design reference temperature and impact test temperature, post weld heat treated (PWHT) condition, R$ 460 MPa and KV’ 40 J vila de Standardizare din Romania, As 34Asociatia de Standardizare din Romani EN 13445-2:2044 (E} Issue 1 (2014-09) 40-—__—— ng. .460 MPa. AW. 20 Key Th. design reference temperature Ti material impact lest temperature és Feference thickness Figure 8.2-6 — Method 2: Design reference temperature and impact test temperature as-welded (AW) condition, 2. 5 460 MPa and Ks'2 40 J 38tia de Standardizare din Romania, As EN 13445-2:2014 (E) Issue 1 (2014-09) 500 MPa, PWHT _ KY = 40) “80 -60 -40 20 0 20° Tey Key Tx design reference temperature (°C) Tix material impact test temperature (°C) eq Faterence thickness (men) Figure 8.2-7 — Method 2: Design reference temperature and impact test temperature, post weld heat treated (PWHT) condition, 2, $ 500 MPa and KY"> 40 J 36Asociatia de Standardizare din Romania, 4Q—— ap. BOO.MRa, AW EN 13445-2:2014 (E} Issue 1 (2014-09) Key Ty, design reference temperature Tix material impact test temperature eu reference thickness Figure B.2-8 — Method 2: Design reference temperature and impact test temperature as-wolded (AW) condition, R, ¢ 500 MPa and K¥"> 40 J arEN 13445-2:2014 (E) Issue 4 (2014-09) 385.MPa, AW. Key Th esign reference temperature ‘xy material impact test temperature en reference thickness Figure B.2-8 — Method 2: Design reference temperature and impact test temperature for austenitic-ferritic steels, e5:< 50 mm, R= 385 MPa and AV 40J itia de Standardizare din Rom: As 38EN 43405.2:2046 (6 Issue 1 (2014-09 20}- o -20 w wt 40) -60 -129! Key Ty. design reference temperature Ths. material impact test temperature reference thickness Figure B.2~10 — Method 2: Design reference temperature and impact test temperature for austenitic-ferritic steels, cy < 50 mm, R,= 465 MPa and Kz 40.) é s 2 3 2 38EN 13445-2:2014 (6) Issue 1 (2014-09) 550 MPa, AW. Key E Te design retrenco tomporature 2 Tix materiat impact test temperature a reference thickness Figure 8,2-11 — Method 2: Design reference temperature and impact test temperature for austenitic-ferritic steels, eg < 50 mm, R, = 550 MPa and KV’ 40 J 8.2.4 Method 3 — Fracture mechanics analysis i z é General As. A fracture mechanics analysis may be used by the manufacturer as a basis for determining the suitability of particular vessels for their intended use for the following: a) materials nat currently covered by harmonised European standards; b) those cases where the requirements of methods 1 and 2 for low temperature applications cannot be salisliad; ) when imperfections which are outside the acceptance criteria for the non-destructive testing specified in EN 13445-5:2014 are detected; 40‘Asociatia de Standardizare din Romania, EN 13445-2:2014 (E Issue 1 (2014-09 2) where tis proposed fo use malerials in thickness thicker than permilted by the low temperature requirements. NOTE Guidance on fracture mechanics analysis s given in publications [5] o [10}Isted in the bibliography ‘Such analyses shall be undertaken in accordance with the requirements of 8.2.4.2 lo B.2.4.5, B.2.4.2 Fracture toughness properties shall be obtained in accordance with fracture toughness testing proce- dures using full-thickness single-edge notched-bend specimens or equivalent compact tension tests with fatigue cracks located through thickness in the weld centre-line and in parent material. Further test sampling of heat affected zone regions shall also be specified; particularly when faligue or some other in-service crack growth mechanism may be significant. When HAZ tests are specified special considerations are necessary with regard to the placement of the notch and ‘metallurgical sectioning subsequent to testing. B.24.3 For material not covered by the low temperature requirements of methods 1 or 2, a similar level of tolerance to fracture can be obtained by specifying fracture toughness requirements determined from the use of assessment procedures such as in [8] [9] with a reference defect size as determined by the manufacturer (e.9. a through wall flaw of fotal length equal fo 10 mm, or a quarter wal thickness surface flaw with length sx times its depth) and inputs of an equivalent stress (ar strain) relating lo the hydraulic test condition, for a defect in a region of siress concentration and subject to residuel stresses equivalent to the room temperature yield strength of the base material for as welded components, or 30 % of yield for post weld heat treated components. 5.2.4.4 _ | non-destructive testing methods are employed which allow accurate sizing of defects, these values. together with information on the stress state of the critical regions in the vessel, shall be used with appropriate fracture assessment procedures to specify more accurate toughness requirements than those specified by method tor 2 8.2.4.5 For materials which are covered by the low temperature requirements for method 1 or 2, but where the Charpy impact energy requirements cannot be met, a fitness-for-purpose assessment using representative fracture toughness data and inspection requirements may be employed to determine the integnty of the vessel for its intended use. B.3 General test requirements B.3.1 General Where impact tasts are required Charpy-V-notch tests shall be performed in accordance with EN ISO 148-1:2010. ‘The impact energy requirements shall be met in the base material, heat affected zone and weld metal. The specimen position shall be in accordance with the specifications in the technical delivery conditions of the product form for materials for pressure equipment. For welded joints the specimen position for weld metal and HAZ shall be in accordance with EN 13445-4:2014. From each sample three specimens shall be tested for each of the required positions and material impact test temperature T,. The mean value of the three specimens shall be at least equal fo the impact energy requirement Only one specimen may show a lower value, but this value shall not be less than 70 % of this requirement, 4ade Standercizare din Romania, As” EN 13445-2:2014 (E) Issue 4 (2014-09) ‘The requited values for base materia shall refer to the transverse direction. If geometry does not allow to extract specimen in the transverse direction the impact energy values shall be taken from tests in the longitudinal direction, The minimum impact energy requirements specified for transverse test pieces shall then be multiplied by the factor 15 for C, CMin, fine grained, low alloyed steels and high strength steels. B.3.2 Sub-sized specimens It sub-sized Charpy specimens shall be used, the measured value of the Cherpy energy shall be proportionally converted to the reference specimen thickness of 10 mm, Table B 3-1 gives an example for 7,5 mm and 5 mm thick specimens. Where test pieces at least § mm wide cannot be obtained, the material shall not be subject to impact testing, Table B.3-1 — Impact requirements for sub-sized Charpy-\ specimen if the base material is less than 10 mm thick Reference value | ‘Sub sized specimen Specimen geometry tommx 10mm — | 10 mmx 7.5mm 10 mm x$mm Minimum impact energy J Fa | 0 rn 40 | 30 20 It full size Charpy specimen can not be extracted from companenis and welds sub-sized specimens shall be tesied Te represent the behaviour of a full thickness specimen a lower impact test temperature shall be applied. The temperature shifis shall be in accordance with Table B.3-2. Impact tests should be performed on the maximum thickness which can be extracted from the component under consideration. Table B.3-2 — Equivalent impact energy requirements when sub-sized specimens are extracted from thicker sections Required cimen geomet jub-s imeeares | Specimen geometry Sub-sized specimen requirement . Shi of imped est K ar | Speomen geometry | SMe eee J om J mm c bi 20 75x10 Ty -5 ar haat 14 5,0 10 Tay - 20 30 75x10 Tw 5 on aes 20 5,0 10 Tew ~ 20 20 7.5 «10 14 5,0 x 10 Tay - 18 30 [7810 2 50210 Tay 15 4 50x10 = = = 20 5010 = = = 42do Standardizare din Romania, EN 13445.2:2044 (E) issue 1 (2014-09) B.4 Welds B.4.1 General When materials aré io be joined by welding, the choice of welding consumables and welding procedures shall ‘ensure that in additon to the requirements of EN 13445-4:2014 the required impact energy properties are achieved in weld metal and heat affected zone regions, when tested in accardance with 8.3. The required impact energy shall be af least equal fo the specified minimum impact energy for the base metal. The requirements of method 1 or 2 shall be met. B.4.2 Welding procedure qualification Welding procedure quaification shall be performed in accordance with EN 13445-4:201 4. 5.4.3 Production test plates For fen: and austerc‘emie stele veld production test plates shal bo parfrmed in sccordance with C EN sssss-a2014 B.5 Materials for use at elevated temperatures B.5,1 General 5 apple for pressure equipment — wih design emperaure for normal operation higher than 50°C and where — mate tempertire a startup, shut dn and al possble process upoes isnot ewer than ~10 °C and — str up and shut down procedure ie under conta coniions 2s gen in 85.4 and — condons for pressure tat as specfed in 855 ae ules Wary ofthese requirements ot sats the methods fro temperature atl hal be spol NOTE The limtaton regsrsing startup and shut-down, process Upsets and pressure tes ae not appicaoie to austenite © B.5.2 Materials Materials shall have a specified minimum impact energy measured on a standard Charp! specimen (see EN ISO 148-1:2010) as follows: — 227 Jfor ferrtic steals and 1,5 % to 5 % Ni alloy steels; — 240 J for steels of meterial group 8, 9.3 and 10 at a temperature not higher than 20°C. 43EN 13445-2:2014 (E) Issue 1 (2014-09) B.5.3 Welding procedure qualification and production test plates Welding procedure qualification shall be performed in accordance with EN 13448-4.2014. ‘The weld production test plate shall be performed in accordance with EN 13445-42074 8.5.4 Start up and shut down procedure To avoid brittle fracture occurrence of pressure equipment mace of feriic or austentic-errtc steels during start-up and shut-down procedures, the pressure shall not exceed 50 % of the design pressure a temperatures lower than 20°C, This start-up and shut-down procedure need not 10 be considered, if the evaluation of the specified minimum impact values against method 2 allows design pressures at lower temperatures. BA .5 Pressure test Hydrostatic pressure test of pressure vessels made of ferritic or austenitic-ferritic steels shall not be carried out at ‘material temperatures lower than 10 °C. This temperature limitation needs not to be considered, if the evaluation of the specified minimum impact values against method 2 allows design pressures at lower temperatures. 44de Standardizare din Romania, + EN 13445-2:2014 (E) Issue 1 (2014-09) Table B.4-1 — Reference thickness ey as-welded (AW) Reference thickness No. Construction detail 3 post wald heat PW ] T [Meated (PWT) part A Weld Part B 1 [Buttwelded components of | unequal thickness check es in Figures AW & e 82-2, B24, | B2-6.828" ] PwHT e 8 - | 2 AW 2 “1 PwHT & e e | 3 | ae isssrssstznanal | j cote, | a a itthicker | Pree eect er0r es ie itthicker 7 | , | e20r 9, : au "| ithioker | i e PWHT & ores eo ifthioker | 5> fia de Standardizare din Romania, As igsue 1 (20409) Table 8. — Reference thickness e, (continusd) No, Construction detail |as-welded (AW) br post weld heat Reference thickness [treated (PWHT)| Part Wels Part 8 AW 220 es, if thicker PWHT 2 0F es, if thicker | | | | aw or ed iTthicker PwWHT e or ef, if thicker it necessary check e in Figures B24, 52-3, B25, B27" \ eC AW esor ef, if thicker, WHT cs | sored, if thicker if necessary ccheck @ in Figures B24, B23, B25 B27" 48Asociatia de Standardizare din Romania, EN {344s.2;2014 6) Issue 1 (2014-09 Table B.4-1 — Reference thickness eg (continued) as-welded (AW) Reference thickness No. Construction detell or post weld heat wreated (WHT) | bat A Weld Part B @ | Sip-on and plat fanges™ | crore leit | esare fd if! ae thicker | ‘thicker { | ezorerd4,it | esoret& if NOTE 6, may be measures racially i that te thicker | thicker 7 gives an aavantage 8 | esore fit | esore td it i” thicker | thicker | Salt e 7 | ‘ I ] 4 esor e/4y if 14 if | PWHT a a NOTE rcmay be measured radially itthat | tee Ee ete gives an advantage 10 | Forged or cast welding neck flanges * | 1 ee yt SS t check ed4 in. {I ) Figures { AW B24 @ ) 82-3 { B2-5, “ eae B27 j_—_~ | * | : cor e/4, . pes feel if thicker 7 7 NOTE «, may be measured radialy if that ves an advantage ar oftia de Standerdizare din Romania, As! EN 13445-2:2014 (E) Issue 1 (2014-09) Table B.4-1 — Reference thickness eg (continued) ] as-welded (AW) Reference thickness No or post weld heat treated (PWHT) | | PartA Weld Part B | 11 | Pac-type flanges | | I | 2? | check e44 in Figures aw | B22, “ | 324, | B26 | e280 | PwhT | iftrickor a 4 NOTE e; may be measured radially if that | | gives an advantage | | | 72 [Flat ends | 1 | | aoe ef ores. eee * " if ticker | | | Io. elf OF es PEE ceil eet “ iF thicker 3 T aor check | ed, | Figures AW Ht ee B.2-2, B24 22-6 82-8 ewer) a | Gpidter | l 48Asociatia de Standardizare din Romania, EN 13445-2:2014 (E Issue 1 (2014-09 Table 8.4-1 — Reference thickness ey (continued) as-welded (AW) Reference thickness No Constructo cota or post wald heat treated (PWHT) | | peta [wee | Pana 14. | Covers and blind flanges | f AW el =_ IW WZ , | \ { PWHT of - | 45 [Tube plates ae | 3 AW | {na} Ina] {na} SS | ee y | —l | i PwHt | ay (na) | [nel | | | 6 | 1 | efsoren i aw | if thicker Ba _ | efor, |g : pa fier | e 49 cadfa de Standardizare din Romania, As! EN 13445-; 2014 (E} Issue { (2014-09) Table B.4-1 — Reference thickness ey (continued) No, Construction detail as-wolded (AW) or post weld heat treated (PWHT) Reference thickness. Part A Weld | Pari 8 7 Welded into shelVchannel AW check ein Figures B22, B24, B26, 82-8 | ecoredsit thicker PWHT ee ores, if thicker eo ey if thicker 18 Aw | check ey in Figures 2-2, B24 | B26, 82-6) PwWHT edd or ex, if thicker 19 AW | grote. | if ticker | check v4 in | Figures | B22, B24 B26, B2-89 ee (3) PWHT edd oF en OF 2s, if thicker © 50ia de Standardizare din Romania, 2 Table 8.4-1 — Reference thickness ey (continued) EN 13445-2:2014 (E) Issue 1 (2014-09) as-welded (AW) Reference thickness No. Construction detail or post weld heat. weal (PWAT | Pan | Weld Part 8 20 | Tube-to-tube plate connection | AW tna] e a PWHT > } | NOTE 1 [na] means “not applicable’ NOTE 2 «1, ez and «a refer fo the nominal thickness ofthe various components shown in the figures. The minimum test temperature of the two concitions” x, (AW), ¢, [PAYHT or non-welded) shall Be taken. Reference thickness of part Ais unatlected by this connection, For welding nock tlanges and slip on flangos according to EN 1092-1.2007, 2 shall be as given in EN 1082-1:2007 5EN 13445-2:2014 (E) Issue 1 (2014-09) Annex C (informative) Procedure for determination of the weld creep strength reduction factor (WCSRF) The WCSRF will be taken as 1 when all the following conditions are fulfilled by the steel manufacturer: .4 Stress rupture tests on weldments made on specimens of the same sleel products es used in the vessel and which are comparable as regards consumable shall be carried out according to the European Creep Collaborative Committee (€.C.C.C.) Recommendations [18] €.2_ Two test temperatures shall be selected within a range of +/- 30°C about the mean design temperature. At each of these temperatures, creep tests shall be carried out al stresses selected to give durations up fo 1/3 of the creep design life (typically 1000 h, 3 000 h, 10 000 h, 30 000 h, 60 000 h, 100 000 h, ete.}, It has to be shown that ine lower limit of the achieved creep values of the welded joint are nol lower than the lower accepled scatter band {20 %) of specified mean values of the oreep strength of the base material according to the materials standard, However if the failure is located in the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ). extrapolation is not allowed without further testing ‘3 longer times showing no further apparent decrease. In this case extrapolation may be made by a factor 2quivalent to the factor showing stabilised condilions used in these ionger tests. ©.3 When no cracking in the HAZ has been found in the tests prescribed above. an additional set of tests at a higher temperature shall be mace withthe value of the Larson Miller Parameter (LMP) equal to or greater than that {tthe extrapolation point. This testing shall be made lo confirm thal the location of the failure does not change from the base material to HAZ. The temperature shall ideally be no more than 50 °C greater than the higher temperature test in C.2 (in order to avoid an unacceptable modification of the microstructure). The stress shall lead 0 2 minimum testing time of 10 kh. The temperature and testing time shall be selected so thal the creep Time Temperature Parameter (TTP) e.g. Larson Miler Parameter (LMP) in these tests is at least the value al the extrapolation point (ime and temperature). A minimum of 3 samples shall be tested. The fracture location of the creep specimens shall be checked by microscopic examination Roman, €.4 If fracture location of the creep specimens in C.3 is within the base material, the WCSRF may be taken as unity for a time equal to the time achieved in the tests in C.2 multiplied by @ maximum of 2. tia de Standardizare €.5 When the creep strenath properties of cross weld specimens fall below the minimum value given in the scatter band a specific weld reduction factor can be used based on the ratio of the average value of the creep strength compared to 80 % of the mean value of the base maternal As 52Asociatia de Standardizare din Romania, EN 13445.2:2014 (€) lesue 1 (2044-09) Annex D (informative) Technical delivery conditions for clad products for pressure purposes D.1 Introductory note Until a European Standard for clad siee! products for pressure purposes is avaliable, the requirements for the technical delivery conditions of such products should form the basis for an agreement of the partes involved. D.2 Requirements for the material For the malerial of clad products the relevant conditians of EN 12446-2:2014 should apply. In addition, where appropriate, requirements for impact tests of the kind described in D4, ilem b, should be agreed al the time of enquiry and order, D.3 Requirements for the deposited material Clad steels should comply with the following general requirements, In the case of clad steels where the cladding has a lower degree of elasticity than that of the base metsl, a tensile test on the cladding after the base has been removed should show an elongation afier fracture As of at least 12 %. ‘The bond between the base and the cladding materials should be of such a nature that there is no delamination either im the course of manufacture or in service. Unless otherwise stipulated in the order, the shear strength of cladding with a tensile strength of fess than 280 MPa should be more than half the minimum tensile strength of the Cladding material and, for all other cladcing materials, should not be less than 140 MPa, regardless of the direction of testing. The bonded area should cover at least 95 % of the entire surface and no single unbonded area should cover more than 50 em’. in the case of clad steels which are highly stressed during manufacture (2.9. dished ends) or when in service (€.9, tube plates), additional requirements imposed by the purchaser (operator) can be necessary. The cladding material should have a surface texture which corresponds to the cladding process and be of uniform thickness with tolerances nol exceeding those given in Table D.3-1 ‘The permissible tolerances for the base material are given in the relevant dimensional standards for the various products 53E : 3 2 EN 13445-2:2014 (E) Issue 1 (2014-09) Table D.3-1 — Limit deviations on thickness for cladding materials on clad steels Nominal thickness ] Limit deviations on thickness * ® mm mm 10 | =9,10 18 = 05 45 250 | Deviations irom the values inthis tabie are subject to special agreement. > For intermediate thicknesses the Limit deviation indicated for the next smallest thickness in the table applies. D.4 Qualification of the cladding procedure Before commencing production, suilable ciadding conditions should be verifad by cladding procedure qualification tests, including welding procedure tests for weld overlay, if applicable. These conditions should be carefully observed when cladding the products in the plant. ‘The cladding procedure qualification tests should normally comprise: a) tensile tests in accordance with EN ISO 6892-1:2009; b)Charpy-V-notch impact ‘esis in accordance with EN ISO 148-1:2010 at the temperature specified for test pieces taken from the cladded base material so that one side of the test piece coincides with the bonded area between the base and deposited material —_ the longitudinal direction of the test piece is transverse to the direction of rolling; and — the axis of the notch is perpendicular to the next surface of the base material (see Figure 5-1, item }; ©) bend tests on test pieces which, 2s shown in Figure D.5-2 cover the bonded zane and are bent in @ direction paralle! to the bounding zone; 4) the examination of the hardness, micro- and macrostructure and chemical composition in the transition zone; ) shear tests on shear specimens; 5AEN 13445.2:2014 (E) Issue 1 (2014-09) {} inspection of surface quality and conformity to dimensions; 9) ultrasonic testing of the bond between the hase material and the cladding, D5 Production tests Intervals samples of the base material clad under the same conditions as the products should be tested at consistent intervals during production. The types of tests to be carried out and the requirements to be complied wit should be agreed on the basis of the results of the cladding procedure qualification tests specified in 0.4 and practical experience. Romania, ia de Stondardizare a) shear test specimen ») tensile test specimen ©) side bend test specimen ) notched bar impact bend test specimen 2) material ) cladding material z Figure D.5-1 — Position of test pieces 55EN 13445-2:2014 (B) Issue 1 (2014-09) Test Layout Dimensions of specimen: Thickness: © = 10mm Width: b= thickness of finished product, but not greater than 80mm (base and cladding material) If finished product is over 80 mm thick the base material may be removed Length: f= notless than 130 mm Angle = = 90° Figure D.5-2— Arrangement of bend tests for clad products atia de Standardizare din Romani As 56Asociatia de Standardizare din Roman! Annex E (informative) European steels for pressure purposes E.1 European Standards for steels and steel components for pressure purposes Table E.1-1 contains an informative summary on European Standards for steels and steel components for pressure purpos: Table €.1-1 — European Standards for steels and stee! components for pressur | Room | pees Fine grain steels S| grades rmalised | i 7 i Lm eteated [end tempered Plate and strip EN 1028-1 | = [EN 1028-2 | EN 10028-3 | EN 10028-5 | EN 10028-6 Rolled bar = = Ent | — | = | Seemiess tobe = EN 102161 | EN 102162 = ev ioas. Elecric welded tube = EN to2I7-1 | ENT02172 | EN 1027-3 = = Submerged are 2 ae - EN 10217-1 | EN 10217-5 | EN 10217-3 = = Fusion welded tube = [ = = — = = Fiting TTT EN 10285.2 EN 100882) EN 102832 | [ew 02587 Forging including 7 = 7 [ee a forges ters EN to224 [ev towae2 | eNtoazas | Casting EN 10278 en i023 = = = Steelforfastener | = = EN 10269 = = ~ room temperature values are given in all standards of this tableoaest aren. [e-wz00r Na] ahs ue He] ST [rerereeeee| sac Or-oane5Or azar Nal as pus omd|_at = seer |S sisewioe azoos Nal de pu orm po geez | Sa1sewioe! [Z9Z001 Nal dns pu ied] or se0e a SoqsodoxT emesoduioy payeraie|e-ezoay Nal duis ue aree|h SCL acer seniedoad sinjasedinst poisaeleasoor nal des pos seat EE seer Svonioat z-82001 Nal due pile ai fecreaenee soca | PeeNORRORET | ai pas aed ee PS-SaNOWTONST Fe-sanowronst—_[ S-HNOAINDE @ | SroRUNeT, iz-azoor Nal Z ae Sronuner zaz001. 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It introduces modifications on the temperature adjustment term Ts to calculate the reference design temperature values TR. NOTE The changes reierred include the significant technical changes but is not an exhaustive lst ofall modifications 81EN 13445-2:2014 (B) Issue 1 (2014-09) Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of the EU Pressure Equipment Directive 97/23/EC “This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the Eurooean Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Pressure Equipment Directive 97/23/EC. (Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the clauses of this standard given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the limils of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the coresponcing Essential Requirements of that Directive and associated EFTA reguiations. Table ZA.1 — Correspondence between this European Standerd and Pressure Equipment Directive STia3Iec { lause(sVeubctause{s) of this [Essential Requirements (ERs) | Gualifying remarkaiN EN of Pressure Equipment | Directive 97/23/66 3 4 2.2.3 (b}, §* indent provision and consideration of| e |bepropriate material properties | © aaGand Amexe prevention of brite racure 2 [4a7 [material suitable for intended a ; | processing procedure 8 ota compliance wih the wate a | specifications a ee 3 415 75 detailed requirements on 8 [longation ator rupture for soe! Cc 4.1.6 and Annex 8 75 | detailed requirements on impact » [rupture eneray for stee! oe re ca i A2A 2.2.3 (b), 7" indent | design properties in the creep I | |range WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable fo the product(s) faling within the scope of this standard. 82Asociatia de Standardizare din Romania, fea} 8) (4) {5} (6) 7 (8) ic) fg) fy (12) (13) (14 19) 16) a7 (18) (19) (20) EN 13445-2:2014 (E Issue 1 (2014-09 Bibliography Directive 97/23/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 May 1997 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States concerning pressure equipment, OJEC No L 181, 9 July 1997, AD-Merkblait W 8, Plaltierte Stahle (clad steels); July 1987 CODAP, Section M 18: Rules applicable 0 ferrous and on ferrous cladded metal sheets SEL 075: Plattierte Erzeugnisse (plated producis); February 1993 Sanz G., Rev Metal CIT 1980, pp 621-642 Sandstrom R., "Minimum usage temperatures for ferritic steels" Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy 16 (1987). po 242-252 Garwood S.J. and Denham J.B., "The fracture toughness requirements of BS $500’, ASME pressure vessel and piping conference (1988), paper 88-PBP-7 Guidance on methods for assessing the acoaptabilty of flaws in fusion welded structures, BS 7910:1999 Assessment of the Integrity of Structures Containing Discontinuilies, INSTA Technical Report, Materials Standards institute, Stockholm 1991 Case proposal to prEN 13445-2, clause 4.1.6 and Annex D.3.2 (prepared by SG Low Temperature), document CENTC 54/267/JWG BN 400 EN 764-4:2002, Pressure equiomen! — Part 4: Establishment of technical delivery conditions for metallic materials: EN 764-5:2002, Pressure equipment — Part 5: Compliance and Inspection Documentation of Materials EN 1011-2:2001, Welding — Recommendations for welding of metallic materials — Part 2: Are welding of ferttic steels EN ISO 6892-1:2009, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part t: Method of fest at room temperature EN 100791992, Definition of stee! products Langenberg P. (Ect), ECOPRESS Economical and safe design of pressure vessels applying new modern steels, European research project, Sth framework RTD, project no, GRD1-1999-10640, 1/2000-5/2003, Final report 12/2003, info: wow.iw-t de. VoTUV-Merkbiatt 1183, Richtlinien fur die Eignungsprufung von Schweiltzusatzen; SchweiGtechnik, 2009 European Creep Collaborative Committee (ECCC) Recommendations (2003) EN 10028-1:2007+A1:2009, Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes — Part 1: General requirements EN 10213:2007, Stee! castings for pres: ine purposes 83itla de Standarcizare din Romani As EN 13445-2:2044 (E) Issue 1 (2014-08) 2 (22] (23) (24) (25) 26] 27] (28) (29) 901 (31) {32} (33) 84 EN 10216-1:2013, Seamless stee! tubes for pressure purposes — Technical delivery conditions — Part 1 Non-alloy steel tubes with specified room temperature propertios EN 10218-2:2013, Seamless stee! tubes for pressure purposes — Technical delivery conditions — Part 2 Non-alloy and alloy steel tubes with specified elevated temperature properties EN 10218-5:2013, Seamless siee! tubes for pressure purposes — Technical delivery conditions — Part 5: Stainless steel tubes EN 10217-1:2002, Welded steel tubes for pressure purposes — Technical delivery conditions — Part 1 Non-alloy steel tubes with specified room temperature properties EN 10217-2:2002, Welded steel tubes for pressure purposes — Technical delivery conditions ~ Part 2: Electric welded non-alloy and alloy sieel tubes with specified elevated femperalure properties EN 10217-5:2002, Welded sie! tubes for pressure purposes —~ Technical delivery conditions — Part 5: ‘Submerged arc welded non-alloy and alloy steel tubes with specified elevated temperature properties EN 10217-7:2005, Welded steel tubes for pressure purposes — Technical delivery conditions — Part 7: Stainless stee! tubes EN 10222-1:1998, Stee! forgings for pressure purposes — Part 1: General requirements for open dle forgings EN 10222-2:1999, Stee! forgings for pressure purposes — Part 2: Ferritic and martensitic steels with specilied elevated temperature properties EN 10263-2:2007, Buit-welding pipe fittings —~ Part 2: Non alloy end ferric alloy steels with specific inspection requirements EN 10272:2007, Stainless stee! bars for pressure purposes EN [SO 14343:2009, Welding consumables — Wire electrodes, strip electrodes, wires and rods for fusion welding of stainless and treat resisting steels — Classification (ISO 14343:2009) Sandstrom, R., Langenberg, P.. Sieurin, H_,New bnille fracture model for the European pressure vessel standard, International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 81 (2004) 837-845"