BS EN 16933-2:2017 BSI Standards Publication Drain and sewer systems outside buildings - Design Part 2: Hydraulic design bsi.BS EN 16933-2:2017 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 16933-22017. ‘The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/505/22. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on, request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. © The British Standards Institution 2017 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017 ISBN 978 0 580 90667 1 Ics 93.030 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2017. Amendments/corrigends Date Text affected sued since publicationBS EN 16933-2:2017 EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 16933-2 NORME EUROPEENNE EUROPAISCHE NORM September 2017 Ics. 93.030 English Version Drain and sewer systems outside buildings - Design - Part 2: Hydraulic design Réseaux d'évacuation et d‘assainissement& lextérieur Entwasserungssysteme auerhalb von Gebiuden ‘des batiments - Conception - Partie 2: Conception Planung Tell 2: Hydraulische Planung hydraulique ‘This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 July 2017. ‘CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this Furopean Standard the status ofa national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre ot to any CEN member ‘This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsiblity of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the oficial versions, ‘CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, lreland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Roman, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. aa! EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITE EUROPEEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPAISCHES KOMITEE FOR NORMUNG CCEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels ©2017 CEN All rights ofexploitaton in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 1693-2 E ‘worldwide for CEN national Members,BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) Contents Page European foreword, Introduction Scope. Normative reference: Terms and definitions... General. 1 2 3 4 Symbols and units.. 5 6 Design criteria. 7 Hydraulic capacity of pipeline: 7. Introduction.. 7.2 Pipeline headlosses.. 7.2.1 General. 7.2.2 The Colebrook-White formula. 7.2.3. The Manning formul: 7.2.4 Pipeline roughness values. 7.2.5 Pipeline headloss values 7.3 Local headlosses. 74 — Total headlosses 8 Incoming flows. 8.1 Foul wastewater flows. 8.1.1 General. 8.1.2 Calculation of foul wastewater flow rates based on the appliances connected 8.1.3 Calculation of foul wastewater flow rates from population and average flows. Rainfall and runoff from precipitation... 8.3 Extraneous flows. 9 Hydraulic calculation of drain and sewer systems. 94 General 9.2 Flowin sewer systems. 9.3 Flow simulation method: Dynamic wave methods.. 9.3.5 Selection of calculation method.. 9.4 Surface flood routing 95 Validation of models. 10 Hydraulic design. 10.1 Capacity of drains and sewers 10.1.1 General 10.1.2 Foul drains and sewers 10.1.3 Surface water drains and sewer:BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) 10.1.4 Combined drains and sewers. 10.2 Design for self-cleansing.. 10.2.1 Sediment transport. 10.2.2 Minimization of blockages 103 Sewers with steep gradient 104 Surface water inlets. 10.5 Separators, screens and pretreatment device: 10.5.1 General 10.5.2 Control of sediments. 10.5.3 Control of grease and fats 10.54 Control of light liquids... 10.5.5 Treatment of surface water to remove dissolved pol 10.5.6 Screenin; 10.6 Infiltration drainage systems. 10.7 Evaporation systems 10.8 Manholes and inspection chambers 10.9 Combined sewer overflows. 10.10 Tanks and ponds. 10.10.1 General 10.10.2 Detention tank: 1010.3 Ponds.. 10.11 Outfalls.. 11 Sources of additional information. Annex A (informative) Sources of additional information. AA National Standards Bodies A2 Austria A.2.1 Regulatory Bodies... A2.2 Other organisation: A3— Denmark A3.1 Regulatory Bodies.. A3.2__ Other organisation: AA France AAA Regulatory Bodies.. AA.2 Other organisations. AS — Germany. AS.1 Regulatory Bodies.. AS.2_ Other organisation: A6 Ireland A6.1 Regulatory Bodies.. AT Italy. AZ. Regulatory Bodies.. A7.2_ Other organisation: A8 The Netherlands.BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) A.B. Regulatory Bodies. A.8.2 Other organisations. AS Norway. A.9.1 Regulatory Bodie A.9.2_ Other organisations. A121 Regulatory Bodie: A.12.2 Other organisations... A.13 United Kingdom... A131.1 General A1B1.2 A13.1.3 AB. AA31.5 A.13.2 Other organisations.BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) European foreword ‘This document (EN 16933-2:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 165 "Wastewater engineering’, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. ‘This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2018 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2018. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and /or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights This European Standard EN 16933, Drain and sewer systems outside buildings — Design, contains the following parts: — Part 1: Physical design”) — Part 2: Hydraulic design According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, ttaly, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom, 1) Currently in preparation.BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) Introduction Drain and sewer systems are part of the overall wastewater system that provides a service to the community. This can be briefly described as: — removal of wastewater from premises for public health and hygienic reasons; — prevention of flooding in urbanised area: — protection of the environment. The overall wastewater system has four successive functions: — collection; — transport; — treatment; — discharge. Collection and transport of wastewater is provided by drain and sewer systems. EN 752:2017 provides a framework for the design, construction, maintenance, operation and rehabilitation of drain and sewer systems outside buildings. This is illustrated in the upper part of the diagram in Figure 1. EN 752:2017 is supported by more detailed standards for the investigation, design, construction, organization and control of drain and sewer systems. Investigation and assessment standards include: —_ EN 13508, Investigation and assessment of drain and sewer systems outside buildings. Design and construction standards include: — EN 1693221, Drain and sewer systems outside buildings — Pumping systems; —_ EN 16933), Drain and sewer systems outside buildings — Designs —_ EN 12954), Structural design of buried pipelines under various conditions of loading; —_ EN 1610, Construction and testing of drains and sewers; —_ BN 12889, Trenchless construction and testing of drains and sewers; —_ EN 15885, Classification and characteristics of techniques for renovation, repair and replacement of drains and sewers. Management and control standards include: — EN 14654, Management and control of operational activities in drain and sewer systems outside buildings. 2) Currently in preparation, 3) Currently in preparation, 4) Currently in preparation.BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) (Objectives Poy Ze Pubsc health & Safety El ‘+ Occupational health & Soest safety ++ Envrenmental protection + Sustarabilty Functional requirements aeovee Principles — Detailed Standards Design & Construction | Management a Cons! “Rance L Product standards & Client specifications — not tobe included in EN752 Figure 1 — Relationship to EN 752:2017 and other drain and sewer standards [Source EN 752:2017]BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) 1 Scope ‘This European Standard specifies requirements for the design of drain and sewer systems outside buildings. Itis applicable to drain and sewer systems from the point where the wastewater leaves a building, roof drainage system, or paved area, to a point where it is discharged into a wastewater treatment plant or receiving water body. ‘This document specifies requirements for the hydraulic design of drain and sewer systems and the assessment of the capacity of existing drain and sewer systems. 2 Normative references ‘The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 858-1, Separator systems for light liquids (e.g. oil and petrol) — Part 1: Principles of product design, performance and testing, marking and quality control EN 858-2:2003, Separator systems for light liquids (eg. oil and petrol) — Part 2: Selection of nominal size, installation, operation and maintenance EN 1825-1, Grease separators — Part 1: Principles of design, performance and testing, marking and quality control EN 1825-2:2002, Grease separators — Part 2: Selection of nominal size, installation, operation and ‘maintenance EN 16323:2014, Glossary of wastewater engineering terms EN 752, Drain and sewer systems outside buildings — Sewer system management 3. Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 16323, EN 752 and the following apply. NOTE1 Certain key definitions from EN 16323:2014 have been repeated below for clarity. The following additional terms used in this document are defined in EN 16323: backdrop manhole; catchment area; combined sewer overflow; combined system; detention tank; domestic wastewater; drain; dry weather flow; extraneous flow; foul wastewater; gradient; gravity system; hydro-biological stress; industrial wastewater; infiltration (see Figure 2); inspection chamber; inverted syphon; maintenance; manhole; outfall; ramp manhole; receiving water body; rehabilitation; relevant authority; renovation; repair; replacement; rising main; runoff coefficient; self-cleansing; self-purifying capacity; separate system; septic wastewater;BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) sewer; sewer system; surcharge; tank sewer; time of concentration; time of flow; wastewater treatment plant. NOTE2 The following ad jonal terms used in this document are defined in EN 752:2017: expected frequency Alooding rainfall intensity 34 depression storage precipitation retained in surface hollows that does not contribute to runoff 32 rainwater water arising from atmospheric precipitation, which has not yet collected matter from the surface Note 1toentry: See Figure 2. [SOURCE: EN 16323:2014, 2.1.1.1] 33 runoff water from precipitation that flows off a surface to reach a drain, sewer or receiving water Note I toentry: See Figure 2. [SOURCE: EN 16323:2014, 21.1.2] 34 sub-critical flow state of flow when the water velocity is less than the velocity of the small surface wave with water levels tending to be stable 35 super-critical flow state of flow when the water velocity is greater than the velocity of the small surface wave with violent fluctuations in water level being possible 36 surface receiving water body receiving water body that is on the surface of the ground (e.g. river, lake or sea) Note 1 toentry: See Figure 2. [SOURCE: EN 16323:2014, 2.1.3.7] 3.7 surface water water from precipitation, which has not seeped into the ground and is discharged to the drain or sewer system directly from the ground or from exterior building surfaces (see Figure 2) [SOURCE: EN 16323:2014, 2.1.1.3]BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) Key. 1 rain water 2 runoff 3 surface water 4 infiltration 5 surface receiving water body Figure 2 — Terminology for flows derived from rain water [Source EN 16323:2014] 38 vortex manhole circular manhole within which a large difference in level is accommodated by the wastewater entering tangentially and descending helically 3.9 wastewater water composed of any combination of water discharged from domestic, industrial or commercial premises, surface run-off and accidentally any sewer infiltration water (SOURCE: EN 16323:2014, 2.3.10.65] 4 Symbols and units For the purposes of this document, the following symbols and units apply. Ac isthe area receiving rainfall (measured horizontally), in hectares [ha] Af __ is the flow cross-section perpendicular to the invert of the drain or sewer, in metres squared [m2] Cs isthe runoff coefficient (between 0,0 and 1,0), dimensionless [-] is the factor with inclusion of additional losses, dimensionless [-] D is the internal diameter of the pipe (bore), in metres [m] is the acceleration due to gravity, in metres per second squared [m/s?] hg is the local headloss in bends, valves and other fittings, in metres [m] 10BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) the pipeline head loss due to friction, in the pipe in metres [m] is the rainfall intensity, in litres per second and hectare (I/s/ha] Jj isthe hydraulic gradient (energy loss per unit length), dimensionless (-] Jp isthe friction gradient, dimensionless [-] Js is the gradient of the invert of the drain or sewer (with open channel possibly not constant), dimensionless [-] K is the Manning coefficient, in metres raised to the power one third per second [m!/3 /s] kg isthe headloss coefficient, dimensionless [-] ks isthe hydraulic pipeline roughness, in metres [m] L__Isthe length of the pipeline, in metres [m] @ isthe flow, in metres raised to the power of three per second [m3/s] Qpk isthe peak flow rate, in litres per second [1/s] q is the lateral inflow per unit of length in the direction of the flow (assumed steady-state), in metres cubed per second and metre [m3/(s m)] Ry isthe hydraulic radius, in metres [m] t isthe time coordinate, in seconds [s] vis the velocity in the direction of flow averaged across the flow cross-section, in metres per second [m/s] x isthe path coordinate in direction of flow, in metres [m] y is filling height in profile or depth of water (perpendicular to invert) or the pressure head in completely filled drains at the invert of the pipe or profile, in metres [m] 2 isthe friction coefficient for the pipe, dimensionless [-] Yk is the kinematic viscosity of fluid, in metres squared per second [m2/s] 5 General EN 752 specifies objectives and functional requirements and the principles for design of drain and sewer systems outside buildings. Hydraulic design can affect the functional requirements, in particular the following: — protection from sewer flooding: — protection of surface receiving water bodies; — prevention of odours and toxic, explosive and corrosive gases; — maintaining the flow. Drains and sewers systems shall be designed to provide sufficient capacity for the design flows. In selecting the diameter and/or gradient of the pipe consideration shall also be taken of the need to minimize build-up of sediments and to minimize the risk of blockages (see 7.1) 1BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) 6 Design criteria Except where they are specified by national or local regulations or the relevant authority, design criteria shall be determined in accordance with EN 752:2017, 5.3.2. Design criteria relating to hydraulic design can include: a) the expected frequency at which no surcharge occurs in the drain and sewer system; b)_ the expected frequency at which a specified amount of surcharge occurs in the drain and sewers system; ©) the expected frequency of sewer or surface water flooding (this can occur without surcharge); d)_ the impact of the flows from surface water outfalls on river flooding from surface receiving water bodies or on groundwater flooding and e) the impact of flows on the operation of the wastewater treatment plant. 7 Hydraulic capacity of pipelines 7.4 Introduction ‘The basis for design is that flows in drains and sewers are turbulent. Two formulae are recommended for use in calculating turbulent flows in drains and sewers: Colebrook-White®) and Manning®. 7.2 Pipeline headlosses 7.2.4 General When using recommended hydraulic pipeline roughness values it is necessary to establish whether allowance has been included for local headlosses. The hydraulic pipeline roughness (ks) or the Manning, flow coefficient (KX) should allow for headlosses due to pipe material taking account of other factors including, the internal profile of the pipe, losses due to discontinuities at the joints and biofilms that grow on the pipe surface below the water level. ‘The effect of the biofilm can be more significant than any difference in the roughness of the material without the biofilm, A single value, regardless of pipe material is therefore often used. 7.2.2 The Colebrook-White formula For circular pipes flowing full, the velocity of flow is given by Formula (1): | k, 251-4, v=-2-\(2-g-D-J_) logo) —S— + — oO v 371-0 py. [a-9-D-Jg) For partially running full pipes or pipes with non-circular cross-sections the velocity of flow is given by Formula (1) by replacing D by 4 Ry where Rj is the hydraulic radius (flow cross-sectional area divided by the wetted perimeter). 5). This formula is named Colebrook in the French version and Prandtl-Colebrook in the German version. ©) This formula is named Manning-Strickler inthe French and German versions. 12BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) 7.2.3 The Manning formula For both circular and non-circular cross-sections whether running full or partially full, the velocity of flow is given by the Formula (2): weiyg 2) 7.2.4 Pipeline roughness values When using recommended hydraulic pipeline roughness values it is necessary to establish whether allowance has been included for local headlosses. Values currently in use differ from country to country, and range from 0,1 mm to 3,0 mm for kg and 70 m1/3 s~1 to 90 m1/3 s~1 for K. Approximate comparisons of velocity estimates using Formulae (1) and (2) above can be made using the following Formula (3): 2 ano , coe lo( 2)" tg| 222 @ 7.2.5 Pipeline headloss values ‘To calculate the head loss in the pipe for given flow conditions, the friction coefficient can be calculated from Formula (4): 2-g:D ae ly 4) (5) 7.3 Local headlosses Headlosses, in addition to those mentioned in 7.2, occur at junctions, changes of cross-section, manholes, bends and other fittings. If direct calculations are to be made, the following Formula (6) shall be used: ky -v fig = Bg ) 7.4 Total headlosses ‘Two methods of calculating total headlosses are: — adding local headlosses (see 7.3) to the pipeline headlosses (see 7.2); — accounting for local headlosses by assuming a higher value of hydraulic pipeline roughness in the calculation of pipeline headloss. 13BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) 8 Incoming flows 8.1 Foul wastewater flows 8.1.1 General For drains and sewers serving small populations, the capacity of the pipe is often determined by the minimum pipe diameter specified by the relevant authority. In gravity drains and sewers the ratio between the peak flow and the average dry weather flow reduces as the flow moves downstream. Where the flow passes through the collection tank of a pumping system, attenuation occurs and the ratio between the peak flow and the average dry weather flow used to design the pumps is reduced accordingly. The peak flow downstream of the pumping station is determined by the capacity of the pumps, 8.1.2 Calculation of foul wastewater flow rates based on the appliances connected ‘The design of drains and sewers to serve individual or groups of buildings where discharges from individual appliances give relatively high flows of an intermittent and irregular nature shall use a peak rate of flow derived from the number and type of appliances connected. ‘The rates of flow in the drains from the buildings or premises, calculated using EN 12056-2, should be used in the design of downstream drain systems. Flow rates for individual appliances and factors to be applied can be specified by national or local regulations or the relevant authority. Industrial wastewater flows shall be calculated separately. This method may be used for the design of gravity foul drains and sewers where the upstream population is less than approximately 1.000. 8.1.3 Calculation of foul wastewater flow rates from population and average flows ‘Where the dry weather flow is continuous and large enough that it is not significantly increased by the input from single appliances, the design foul wastewater flow rates for domestic wastewater can be calculated as follows. Flow rates can be based on either: the population and a measured rate of flow per head or, for new developments where such data are not available, on the planning criteria for the population or the type and number of dwellings. For a new development and for an upgrading scheme on an existing development, the estimates used shall be appropriate for the specified planning horizon, ‘This method may be used for the design of gravity foul drains and sewers where the upstream population is greater than approximately 500, Existing water supply statistics can be helpful to derive future water supply consumption and hence domestic wastewater flows, Flow patterns for daily consumption and anticipated variations between different types of development can also be established. Consumer water usage that does not enter the drain and sewer system and distribution leakage are of particular importance in assessing domestic ‘wastewater flows. The rate of flow per head can be based on local water supply statistics allowing for consumption that does not result in discharge to the sewers and, where appropriate meters are not available, distribution losses. Typical discharge figures for developments similar to those under consideration may also be used. ‘The peak design foul wastewater flow rate shall take into account the ratio between the peak foul wastewater flow rate and the average value. For existing systems, where there is continuous flow this, should be based on measured values where these are available. Where measured values are not available design peak flow factors should be estimated by comparison with similar catchments. Design values for the peak factor or the peak flow rates can be specified in national documents. 14BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) 8.2 Rainfall and runoff from precipitation 8.2.1 Rainfall National or local regulations or the relevant authority can specify design rainfall values to be used. Design rainfall intensities reflecting the local conditions can be in one of the following forms: a) local or regional constant rate rainfall values; b) constant rate rainfall calculated from intensity-duration-frequency curves; ©) single event rainfall profiles; d) rainfall time series Single even rainfall events or rainfall time series can either be taken from observed historic rainfall data, or be formed from artificial profiles based on statistical analysis of rainfall data 8.2.2 Runoff 8.2.2.1 General Runoff shall be calculated taking into account a number of factors including: a) design rainfall; b) area that could drain to the inlets connected to the system: 1)_ extent of impermeable area; 2) extent of permeable area; ©) likely losses of runoff due to: FS) infiltration of rainfall into the ground; 2) interception, ie. rainfall retained by vegetation or other objects that prevents raindrops falling onto the ground; d) likely above ground flows from adjacent pervious surfaces; ©) likely increases in connected area, ‘The possible impact of climate change should also be considered A simple method of calculating the runoff from small areas is included in 8.2.2.2. 8.2.2.2 Methods of calculating runoff from small development schemes In the absence of a method specified by national or local regulations or the relevant authority, a simple method of estimating the peak rate of discharge of surface water, applicable for areas of up to 200 ha or times of concentration up to 15 min and assuming a uniform rate of rainfall intensity, may be used. The rainfall intensity to be adopted depends on factors such as time of concentration of the contributing area and the analysis of local rainfall data. Peak flow rate is given by Formula (7): Ope Cg te () 15BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) Appropriate values for (C3) are given in the Table 1. Table 1 — Runoff coefficients for calculating runoff from small development schemes Nature of connected area Runoff Coefficient Cs Comments Impermeable areas and steeply 0,9 to 10 Depending on depression sloping roofs? storage Large flat roofs 0,7 to 1,0 > Over 10 000 m2 Small flat roofs 10 Less than 100 m2 Permeable areas 0,0 t0.0,3 Depending on ground slope and cover Vertical surfaces should be considered as appropriate. b Depending on type of roof material (gravel at low end glass or metal at top) 8.2.2.3 More complex runoff models Where sewer flow simulation models are being used consideration should be given to other factors that can affect the runoff. These include: a) the movement of rainwater from paved areas to adjacent permeable areas; b)_ the infiltration of rainwater through cracks or impermeable areas in paved surfac ©) _ the storage of rainwater in depressions in the surfaces; d)_ the evaporation of rainwater from surfaces; e) the movement of runoff from permeable surfaces onto paved surfaces, for example when: 1) the rate of rainfall exceeds the infiltration capacity of the permeable surface; 2). the soil is so saturated that rainwater cannot infiltrate into the ground; 3) the soil has become frozen; or 4) the soil has become temporarily impermeable due to a long period of hot and dry weather. Various runoff models are included in available sewer flow modelling software to model these processes. 8.3 Extraneous flows If the risk of extraneous water entering drains and sewers is considered to be unacceptable, investigations shall be carried out to determine the extent of this risk. Sources of extraneous flow can include: —_ misconnections of surface water to foul drains and sewers; — seepage of runoff through joints in manhole covers; infiltration of water from the ground through defective joints or other defects in drains and sewers and other associated structures (e.g. manholes and inspection chambers), 16BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) An allowance for extraneous flows may be made by increasing the design dry weather flows (see 8.1). When estimating likely extraneous flows account should be taken of local factors including: — the groundwater levels; — the standards of construction including the amount of supervision and control of drain and sewer construction. 9 Hydraulic calculation of drain and sewer systems 9.1 General A variety of methods have been developed to assist in the design of drain and sewer systems. In all cases the runoff process has been simplified to enable the design parameters to be estimated cost effectively. This document reviews the range of methods available and gives guidance where they should be used, 9.2 Flow in sewer systems Flow in drain and sewer systems is unsteady gradually varied flow. The flow conditions can be calculated by application of the Saint Venant formulae. These partial differential formulae describe the gradually varied unsteady, non-uniform flow in open and closed channels. There are two formulae; the dynamic formula, and the continuity formula. Depending on the application and the flow conditions different levels of simplification may be applied. These formulae are shown in Table 2 at various levels of simplification 17BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) Table 2 — The Saint Venant formulae ‘Type of flow Dynamic formula No. | Continuity | No. formula gradually varied non-uniform 1 ¥ sy discontinuous a = <= |Js-JF | (8a) (9a) A (ie. with lateral | 2" 4 2 or inflow) gradually varied 1 ov v ov by non-uniform go | g ox’ | ae Js | (8b) (ob) gradually varied i 5 i simplified 2x2 PY = | as-re | (ec) | 824 %4t <9 | (on) a bx Be non-uniform simplified Y 5 gradually varied + ze Js-IF | (8d) (8b) non-uniform 2 on simplified gradually varied $y | ys simplified ee IS-JF | (8e) (9b) non-uniform steady-state vo, | ay non-uniform go ox ox BIE 69 steady-state 53 59 simplified non- = | Ise | (e) | 2 =0 (90) uniform ox on steady-state uniform by 0 0 | wy | 2-0 9c] (normal ox 9 | oe sie discharge) Term ref 5 g 3 2 1 (see below) NOTE For most practical purposes the friction gradient (Jj) can be considered as equal to the hydraulic gradient (fp) ‘The different terms in the dynamic formula can be described as follows: 18 Term 1 of the dynamic formula is the difference between the gradient of the invert of the pipe and the friction gradient; ‘Term 2 of the dynamic formula is the kinematic wave term; ‘Term 3 of the dynamic formula is the diffusive wave term and takes into account backwater and wave attenuation;BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) — Term 4 of the dynamic formula is the local flow acceleration term; — Term 5 of the dynamic formula is the lateral flow inflow term. 9.3 Flow simulation methods 9.3.1 Introduction Three levels of sophistication for the hydrodynamics of flow in pipes are recognized: — simple/empirical methods; — other simplified methods; — dynamic wave methods. 9.3.2 Simple/empirical methods In these methods the flow is typically regarded as uniform and steady-state (see Table 2, Formulae (81) and (9c)). The hydrological processes are also typically treated in a simple manner. The velocity at full flow conditions is typically used to compute a travel time (time of concentration) used to select an appropriate rainfall intensity value. They are used primarily for design of small development schemes (see 9.3.3). 9.3.3 Other simplified methods In these methods non-uniform gradually varied flow are typically considered in some simplified form. ‘Typically the lag time and in-pipe storage are taken into account. Possible simplifications in this category typically use a combination of one of the Formulae (8c) to (Be) with one of the Formulae (9b) or (9c) given in Table 2. They are effective for the initial design of large schemes, for the checking of existing systems, or for the simulation of network performance under long series of storm rainfall. 9.3.4 Dynamic wave methods In these methods gradually-varied, non-uniform flow can also be simulated even under conditions of surcharge and backwater. Such methods use all the terms of the formulae (ie. Formula (8a) or (8b) and (9a) or (9b) as appropriate) in Table 2. They can be used to check the performance of systems under conditions of flooding. 9.3.5 Selection of calculation method For each level, the aboveground hydrological processes can be treated in either a simple or detailed manner (5 or D in Table 3) Table 3 gives guidance on the applicability of the methods. Methods may be combined for sub- catchments, 19BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) Table 3 —Applicability of flow simulation methods Application Method Simple matic Dynamic wave empirical wave methods methods methods Design of small development schemes s s b Design of large schemes a s SorD Hydraulically simple road drainage | s > = systems Checking performance against sewer | a a SorD flooding Checking existing systems a SorD SorD Planning of outfalls//overflows a SorD SorD Impact on receiving water quality a Ss SorD Impact on receiving water quantity a Ss SorD Real-time control of a system a SorD SorD NOTE _ § Hydrological processes treated in simple manner. D Hydrological processes treated in detailed @ Not applicable, b Generally not recommended. 9.4 Surface flood routing Some models can also simulate surface sewer flooding by one of two approaches: —_asimple 1-dimensional approach in which the flow is routed along a single predefined flow path; — more complex 2-dimensional approaches in which the flow is routed across a surface which simulates the ground surface profile including any barriers (e.g. walls, embankments), For calculations of hydraulic roughness of surfaces the Manning Formula (2) is commonly used. 9.5 Validation of models Calibration and/or validation of the models should be carried out whenever sufficient information is available. The procedures used depend on the sewer flow simulation model used. If suitable agreement between the model and the measurements is not obtained, the model input data should be checked and then the sewer records. Having identified possible causes of error, it is often necessary to confirm these by site inspection and then adjust the model accordingly. Data shall not be modified without justification based on an inspection of the system. 20BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) 10 Hydraulic design 10.1 Capacity of drains and sewers 10.1.1 General ‘The capacity of drains and sewers shall be selected to meet the design criteria for the hydraulic and environmental performance of the system. Pipes shalll be selected to: — transport the required design flows; — limit sediment build up (see 10.2.1); — ensure that the risk of blockage is reduced (see 10.2.2); and — ensure that effective maintenance can be reasonably achieved (see EN 752). In cases where deposits in the invert cannot be avoided, the reduced cross-section of the pipe shalll be taken into account when calculating headlosses. ‘The hydraulic capacity of the pipes shall be calculated in accordance with Clause 7. 10.1.2 Foul drains and sewers Foul drain and sewer systems shall be designed to collect and transport wastewater influents from domestic, trade premises to the point of treatment without prejudice to health and safety. Such design should also include allowances for future growth and for extraneous discharges up to such flow that justifies rehabilitation. Having completed the design of the drain system, the interaction between the drain and the sewer system shall be checked. Where a scheme is to be developed in phases, consideration should be given to the likely flows at each stage of construction so that either self-cleansing conditions are attained at least at times of daily peak flow or other cleansing arrangements are made. 10.1.3 Surface water drains and sewers 10.1.3. General The hydraulic design of drains and sewers serving impermeable surfaces, stich as roads and car parks, is dependent on the hydraulic performance of the interface between the impermeable surface and the drain or sewer system. The flow at this interface shall be adequately considered in order to mi the impact of sewer flooding. It can be necessary to provide a means of flow detention to intercept and hold back temporary peak storm discharges in order to avoid sewer flooding, The effects of the use of temporary storage of flow to reduce peak discharges within the drain and sewer system on the performance of the wastewater treatment plant shall be taken into consideration, Arrangements for maintenance and safety of these structures are required 10.1.3.2 Use of simple/empirical calculation methods For smaller schemes, a relatively simple, but safe approach is recommended, though use of simulation models is not excluded. Sewers are usually designed to run full, without surcharge, for relatively frequent design rainfall events in the knowledge that this generally provides protection against sewer flooding from more severe rainfall events. For these schemes, the full pipe design criteria determined in 21BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) accordance with EN 752:2017, 5.3.2.2, should be used. The designer shall use rainfall intensity and duration figures applicable to that particular area. 10.1.3.3 Use of more complex calculation methods For larger schemes and for smaller schemes to be designed using a simulation model and for larger schemes, particularly where damage or public health risks are significant, it is recommended that the level of sewer flooding protection be directly assessed. The sewer system may be initially designed, as above, to give no surcharge with an appropriate full pipe design criteria, A sewer flow simulation model should then be used to check the level of flood protection against the sewer flooding design criteria in accordance with EN 752:2017, 5.3.2.3, and the design adjusted where the required sewer flooding protection is not achieved. There are cases, however, where adjustments are appropriate to avoid unnecessary over-design. 10.1.3.4 Exceedance flow routing ‘The designer shall assess risk of sewer flooding in events that exceed the design sewer flooding frequency, taking into account both the consequences of the sewer flooding and the frequency. Flow routes for excess flows should be investigated to determine the consequences and where possible, the design should be changed to minimize the impact. Where the risk of sewer flooding cannot be reduced by these means, the design frequency should be decreased. 10.1.4 Combined drains and sewers For combined drains and sewers, the design flow rate is made up of runoff, which is by far the predominant component, plus an allowance for foul wastewater flows. The runoff component should therefore be estimated using the methods outlined in 10.1.3. The foul wastewater component should be estimated as described in 10.1.2. As the foul wastewater flows are usually considerably lower than the design flow rates, particular consideration should be given to self-cleansing velocities during dry weather conditions. 10.2 Design for self-cleansing 10.2.1 Sediment transport For small diameter drains and sewers (less than DN 300) self-cleansing can generally be achieved by ensuring either that a velocity of at least 0,7 m/s occurs daily, or that a gradient of at least 1:DN (the inverse of the nominal diameter in mm) is specified. Steeper gradients or higher velocities can be required by national or local regulations or the relevant authority. To achieve self-cleansing conditions in sewers with low gradients there should be strict requirements for the bedding and accurate laying of the pipes. For larger diameter drains and sewers, higher velocities can be necessary particularly if relatively coarse sediment is expected to be present. Local guidance, in the form of tables or formulae can be available in national reference documents and may be used. Where self-cleansing conditions cannot be achieved, provision should be made for adequate maintenance activities. 10.2.2 ization of blockages To minimize the risk of blockage, drains and sewers should be smooth and laid to self-cleansing conditions. However, where the flows in the drain or sewer are low, steeper gradients (up to 1:DN/2,5) can be required. 22BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) 10.3 Sewers with steep gradients Where gravity sewers with steep gradients are required, consideration shall be given to consequences of high velocities, turbulence and hydraulic jumps such as — airentrainment and its effects; — release of hydrogen sulphide; — erosion; — need for energy conservation measures on changes from super-critical flow to sub-critical flow; — special safety measures for operatives. Backdrop manholes, ramp manholes or vortex manholes may be installed in a sewer system to dissipate excessive static head in a controlled manner, thereby avoiding the installation of sewers with steep gradients and meeting any imposed velocity limitation. 10.4 Surface water inlets Surface water inlets shall be designed in order to ensure an adequate transfer of runoff from impermeable areas into the surface water drains and sewers. The efficiency of surface water inlets depends on a number of factors including: a) the effectiveness of the surface profile in channelling the flow towards the inlet; b) the velocity of the runoff approaching the inlet; ©) the extent to which the surface beyond the inlet permits any flows to bypass the inlet; d)_ the design of the grating on the ink ) the amount of debris in the runoff. Where the drain or sewer is required to take flows from adjacent pervious areas (see 8.2) this should be considered in the design of the inlets 10.5 Separators, screens and pretreatment devices 10.5.1 General Appropriate measures shall be taken to minimize the entry of materials that can accumulate in drains and sewers, cause a blockage of pipes or infiltration systems, or cause pollution of receiving waters including for example: = grit; — sediments; — organic matter (e.g, leaves); — grease and fats; — light liquids (e.g. oil) 23BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) 10.5.2 Control of sediments Grit separators shall be provided on or near inlets where the wastewater is likely to contain significant sources of grits or other sediments that could accumulate in drains or sewers. Where a discharge to a surface receiving water body is likely to contain sediments which can have an unacceptable impact on the receiving water body an appropriate means of sediment control shall be provided. Controls can include: — sedimentation ponds; — grittrap: — silttraps; —_hydro-dynamic separators; — sediment filters; — other treatment devices. 10.5.3 Control of grease and fats An appropriate means of grease control shall be provided where the wastewater is likely to contain significant volumes of grease or fats. Grease controls can include: — grease separators without moving parts; — mechanical grease treatment systems; — bio-chemical dosing, under appropriate conditions. Wastewater containing a considerable proportion of grease in a non-separable form (ie. emulsified) can only be effectively treated under certain conditions. Where the discharged wastewater contains solids a grit separator, strainer or screen shall be fitted as appropriate on the inlet of the separator to retain coarse solids. Any retained solids should be removed at appropriate intervals to prevent putrefaction. ‘The selection of the nominal sizes shall be based on the nature and quantity of wastewater to be treated taking into account: a) the maximum flow rate of wastewater; b)_ the maximum temperature of the wastewater at the location of the separator; ©) the density of grease /oils to be separated; ) the influence of cleansing and rinsing agents. National or local regulations or the relevant authority can specify the method of design of grease control systems. In the absence of any requirements from national or local regulations or the relevant authority, the nominal size of the grease separator without moving parts shall be calculated in accordance with EN 1825-2:2002, Clause 6. 24BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) Grease separators without moving parts shall comply with the requirements of EN 1825-1. 10.5.4 Control of light liquids Where wastewater is likely to contain significant volumes of light liquids (eg, oil or petrol) an effective means of control of light liquids shall be provided on or near inlets, In considering whether to provide a system of control for light liquids, account shall also be taken of the likely environmental impact of oils that could be discharged into surface receiving water bodies or groundwaters. ‘The function of the light liquid control system can include the following: a) to treat industrial wastewater from industrial processes or from washing of vehicles or oil covered parts; b) to treat surface water from impervious surfaces (eg. car parks, roads, yards) that could be contaminated with oil; ©) to retain any spillage of light liquid to protect the drain and sewer system. Light liquid control systems can include: — light liquid separators; —_ vegetative treatment systems (also called retention soil filters) Guidance on selection of an appropriate class and configuration of light liquid separators for particular applications can be found in EN 858-2:2003, Annex B. EN 858-2 requires that the sizing of light liquid separators is based on the nature and flow rate of the liquids to be treated, taking account of: a) the maximum flow rate of the wastewater; b) the density of the light liquid; c)__ the presence of substances that could impede separation. The nominal size of separator systems for light liquids shall be calculated in accordance with EN 858-2:2003, 4.3. Light liquid separators shall incorporate a grit trap. The size of the grit trap shall be calculated in accordance with EN 858-2:2003, 4.4. Separators systems for light liquids shall comply with the requirements of EN 858-1 10.5.5 Treatment of surface water to remove dissolved pollutants Where discharges to surface receiving water bodies or groundwaters are likely to contain dissolved pollutants which can have an unacceptable impact on the receiving water body an appropriate means control shall be provided either at the inlet or near the point of discharge. Controls can include: — filtration systems; — vegetative treatment systems. 25BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) 10.5.6 Screening Where discharges to surface receiving water bodies or groundwaters are likely to contain debris which can cause unacceptable aesthetic pollution, screens shall be provided 10.6 Infiltration drainage systems In appropriate conditions, runoff can be drained directly to an infiltration drainage system. Where runoff is contaminated, measures should be taken to prevent contamination of groundwater. National or local regulations or the relevant authority can make requirements to require the use of infiltration drainage systems or to restrict their use. Infiltration drainage should not be used where this can lead to pollution of groundwaters due to mobilization of contaminants (natural or otherwise) in the ground. Geotechnical and hydrogeological investigations shall be undertaken to establish the maximum infiltration capacity of the ground taking account of expected variations in groundwater levels. The investigations shall also consider the effect of any additional infiltration and impact this might have on adjacent land. Infiltration drainage systems can take a number of different forms including the following: a) permeable pavement ~ a surface that allows runoff to permeate directly into the ground; b) _soakaway ~ a point subsurface infiltration device comprising a chamber, geocellular structure or pit with permeable base and/or wall to promote infiltration of runoff into the ground; ©) infiltration trench ~ a linear feature comprising a trench filled with permeable granular material to promote infiltration of runoff into the ground; d) filter drain - a linear feature comprising a trench filled with permeable granular material and optionally including a permeable pipe in the base of the trench to promote infiltration of runoff into the ground; ©) swale - a shallow vegetated channel designed to temporarily retain and convey runoff as well as promote infiltration into the ground; ) infiltration basin - a dry pond designed to promote infiltration of runoff into the ground. 10.7 Evaporation systems Runoff can also be evaporated by discharging it into a shallow basin for extended storage and evaporation. By intercepting the flow from the first part of each rainfall event, evaporation drainage can significantly reduce the number of discharges to a surface receiving water. This reduces the cumulative impact of any pollutants on the aquatic life. 10.8 Manholes and inspection chambers ‘The layout of the manhole or inspection chamber, for example the use of benching, and the angle of the connections, should minimize head losses as far as practicable. Surcharge of the flow in the manhole or inspection chamber can impede the flow and can lead to deposition and accumulation of deposits in the branch as well as the main pipe. Where incoming connections enter a chamber on opposite sides, the layout of the chamber should prevent cross flow into the opposing branch due to the momentum of the flow. 26BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) 10.9 Combined sewer overflows The allowable discharges and impact of combined sewer overflows on receiving water bodies depend on local conditions, Requirements are generally specified by national or local regulations or the relevant authority. The location of combined sewer overflows, pollution loads, duration and frequency of discharges, pollution concentrations and hydro-biological stress are factors to be considered. The impacts of combined sewer overflows on receiving water bodies occur only for short time periods. However, they can be many times higher than the impact and environmental loads from wastewater treatment plant. The main objective of combined sewer overflow design, therefore, is to protect the receiving water body without causing hydraulic overload of the sewer or reduced treatment efficiency of downstream wastewater treatment plant. National or local regulations or the relevant authority can specify the method used to assess the impact of combined sewer overflows. Sewer flow simulation models (see 9.3) can be used to assess compliance emission limits (see EN 752:2017, 5.3.3). many of the specified ‘Two relatively simple approaches are also available. A combined sewer overflow may be designed to begin overflow discharge only after reaching a critical rainfall intensity, generally in a range of rates of 101/s ha (impermeable area) to 30 I/s ha (impermeable area), depending on the degree of protection required. Alternatively, when the self-purifying capacity is not at risk, a single criterion (commonly a dilution of 5 to 8 times dry weather flow before spill) may be used as an emission standard. Associated storage in, for example, a detention tank, or length of tank sewer, can greatly reduce the environmental impact of combined sewer overflows. Further reductions in environmental impact can be achieved by partial treatment (e.g. settling). Ifthe retained flow in a combined system exceeds the capacity of the treatment works, it is necessary to incorporate storage or partial treatment of the retained flow. This can be sited at the treatment works. or within the sewer system, In the design of a combined sewer overflow, steps shall be taken to keep the discharge of floating solids and other unsightly material to acceptable levels. This can require the provision of baffles, screens or other means of control 10.10 Tanks and ponds 10.10.1 General ‘Tanks and ponds can reduce peak flows by the temporary storage of wastewater within the system. 10.10.2 Detention tanks Detention tanks are often used to reduce sewer flooding and to reduce discharge and pollution load from combined sewer overflows, The design of tanks should include measures to limit the blockage of flow control devices, control sediment accumulation, permit access for maintenance of control devices, and make provision for removal of sediment, Methods of optimizing the removal of sediments are: — modifications to the structure of the tank e.g, by use of low friction coatings (these shall not be used on areas required for access as it can be a hazard to operatives); — modification of inlet design to increase scour; — modification to the benching or installat mn of dry weather flow channels; — use of mechanical plant in the tank to periodically remove sediments. 27BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) 10.10.3 Ponds Ponds are often used to reduce sewer flooding and to reduce discharge and pollution load from surface water drainage systems. To reduce the pollutant load discharged to the surface receiving water, they should include measures to control sediment (e.g. sedimentation bays) and can incorporate vegetative treatment systems. 10.11 Outfalls Where surface water is to be discharged to a surface receiving water body, the invert level of the outfall should be above the peak design water level of the surface receiving water body so as to provide free discharge conditions. Where periodic backflooding cannot be avoided, a non-return valve should be considered. Outfalls shall be so formed as to avoid, or provide protection against, local erosion, It can be necessary to provide additional protection to the outfall opening to prevent damage, interference or entry. The visual impact of the outfall shall also be taken into account. 11 Sources of additional information Various national organisations provide supplementary detail and guidance on the planning, design, construction and maintenance of drain and sewer systems outside buildings. Examples of the sources of relevant information include: — Complementary National Standards; — European, national or local regulations; — Guidance issued by professional or trade associations; — Guidance documents issued by national or local government organisations; — Suppliers of technical software. A list of organisations that produce relevant supplementary guidance is given in Annex A. 28BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) Annex A (informative) Sources of additional information A.1 National Standards Bodies Details of national standards bodies that are CEN members and affiliates can be obtained from CEN. CEN Management Centre www.cen.eu 36, rue de Stassart B-1050 Brussels A2 Austria A.2.1 Regulatory Bodies Bundesministerium fiir Land-_ und) www. bmilfuw.gv.at Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt, und Wasserwirtschatt. (Federal Ministry for Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management) Stubenring 1 A-1012 Wien, Osterreich A.2.2 Other organisations OWAV Osterreichischer Wasser- und www_oewav.at Abfallwirtschaftsverband. (Austrian Water and Waste Management Association) Mare-Aurel-Strasse 5 A-1010 Wien, Osterreich A3 Denmark A.3.1 Regulatory Bodies Miljastyrelsen wwwmiljoestyrelsen.dk (Danish Environmental Protection Agency) Strandgade 29 1401 Kobenhavn K 29BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) Erhvervs- og Byggestyrelsen http://www.ebst.dik (National Agency for Enterprise and Construction) Dahlerups Pakhus, Langelinie ANE 17 DK-2100 Copenhagen @ Arbejdstilsynet wwwarhejdstilsynet.dk (The Danish Working Environment Authority (WEA)) Landskronagade 33 DK-2100 Kabenhavn & Vejdirektoratet www.veldirektoratet dk (Danish Road Directorate) Niels Juels Gade 13 Postbox 9018 1022 Copenhagen K A.3.2 Other organisations Dansk Vand. Og Spildevandsforening wwwdanvadk (Danish Water and Wastewater Association (owwa)) Vandhuset Danmarksvej 26 8660 Skanderborg Ingeniarforeningen i Danmark (IDA) www.ida.dk (The Water Pollution Committee of the Society Of Danish Engineers) Kalvebod Brygge 31-33 DK-1780 Copenhagen V Denmark, DHI Institut for vand and miljo www.dhigroup.com/ (Danish Hydraulic Institute) Agern Allé 5 DK-2970 Hersholm Denmark, ‘Teknologisk Institut www.telnologisk.dle/ (The Danish Technological Institute) 30BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) Gregersensvej 1 DK - 2630 Taastrup AA France A.4.1. Regulatory Bodies Ministére de l'Ecologie et du Développement Durable (Ministry for Ecology and Sustainable Development) www.environnement.gouv.fr 20, rue de Ségur 75302 PARIS 07 SP A4.2 Other organisations Centre d'études sur les réseaux, les transports, www.certufr Yurbanisme et les constructions _publiques (CERTU) (Centre for the Study of Urban Planning Transportation and Public Facilities) 9, rue Juliette Récamier 69456 LYON Cedex 06 Comité Frangais pour les travaux sans tranchée www.fstt.org (FsTT) French Society for Trenchless Technology 4, rue des Beaumonts 94120 FONTENAY SOUS BOIS AS Germany A.5.1 Regulatory Bodies The following Ministries for the Environment of the States (Linder) Baden-Wiirttemberg: www.um.baden-wuerttemberg.de Bayern: (Bavaria) www stmuv-bayern.de Berlin: www berlin,de/umwelt/behoerden Brandenburg: www.mlulbrandenburg.de Bremen: www bauumwelt bremen. Hamburg: www hamburg de/bue Hessen: www.umweltministerium.hessen.de Mecklenburg- wwwlu.regierung-mv.de Vorpommern: 31BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) Niedersachsen (Lower Saxony); Nordrhein-Westfalen: (North Rhein Westfalia) Rheinland-Pfalz: wwwanulewfripde Saarland: ‘www. saarland.de/ministerium umwelt verbraucherschutz.htm Sachsen: (Saxony) www.smul sachsende Sachsen-Anhalt: (Saxony- Anhalt) Schleswig-Holstein: www. schleswig-hols DE/Landesr: ‘Thiiringen: (Thuringia) —_www.thueringende/th8 /tmuen Bundesministerium fiir www-bmub.bundde Umwelt, Naturschutz, Bau und Reaktorsicherheit (BMUB) Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety Bonn Office: Robert-Schuman-Platz 3 D-53175 Bonn Berlin Offi Stresemannstr, 128 - 130 D- 10117 Berlin ‘The Ministries of the relevant states. A.S.2 Other organisations Deutsche Vereinigung fiir Wasserwirtschaft, Abwasser und Abjall (DWA) (German Association for Water, Wastewater and Waste) ‘Theodor-Heuss-Allee 17 D-53773 Hennef Germany A.6 Ireland A.6.1 Regulatory Bodies Department of the Environment, Heritage and 32 www.dwa.de http://www.housing.gov.ie/ /y node.htm!BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) Local Government Custom House, Dublin 1 Ireland A7 Italy A.7.1 Regulatory Bodies Ente Nazionale Italiano Di Unificazione - Uni www.unicom Via Sannio, 2 20137 MILANO A.7.2 Other organisations ASP - Associazione nazionale manutenzione € spurgo di reti fognarie e idriche Via S. Caboto, 2 33170 PORDENONE www.associazioneaspi.it A8 The Netherlands A.8.1 Regulatory Bodies Ministerie van Infrastructuur en Miliew (Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the yan-infrastructuur-en-milie Environment) PO Box 20951 2500 EZ DEN HAAG Ministerie van Verkeer en Waterstaat (Ministry of Transport, Public Works and _http://www.verkeerenwaterstaat.nl Water Management) PO Box 20901 2500 EX Den Haag A.8.2 Other organisations Stichting RIONED Foundation http://www.rioolnet PO Box 133 6710 BC Ede NVA Nederlandse Vereniging voor _ Waterbeheer (Netherlands Association for Water Management) PO Box 70 33BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) 2280 AB Rijswijk Unie van Waterschappen UvW (Association of Water Bodies) PO Box 93218 2509 AE The Hague www.uvw.nl NG Vereniging van Nederlandse Gemeenten www.vngnl Association of Netherlands Municipalities De Willemshof Nassaulaan 12, 2514 JS Den Haag A.9 Norway A.9.1 Regulatory Bodies National Office of Building Technology and Administration PO Box 8742 Youngstorget NO 0028 Oslo Norway http://www, ‘The Norwegian Pollution Control Authority (SFT) —_http://www.miljadirektoratet.no PO Box 8100 Dep NO 0032 Oslo Norway A.9.2 Other organisations Norwegian Water and Wastewater BA https://norskvann.n Vangsvegen 143, NO 2321 HAMAR Norway A.10 Portugal A.10.1 Regulatory Bodies Ministério da Economia 8 1200-221 Lisboa Rua Horta Seca 15, 34BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) Ministério do Ambiente, Ordenamento do Territ6rio e Energia Rua de «0 Século», 51 1200-433 Lisboa Entidade Reguladora de Aguas e Residuos (ERSAR) wwweersar.pt Centro Empresarial Torres de Lisboa Rua Tomas da Fonseca, Torre G-8 1600-209 LISBOA A.10.2 Other organisations Laboratério Nacional de Engenharia Ay. do Brasil, 101, 1700-066 Lisboa (LNEC) —http://wwwJnecpt/pt/ A11 Sweden A.11.1 Regulatory Bodies The Swedish National Board of Housing, Building and Planning, (Boverket) boverket.se Swedish Environmental Protection Agency (Naturvardsverket) The Swedish Work Environment Authority, (Arbetsmiljéverket) wwwavse A.11.2 Other organisations Svensket Vatten (Swedish Water and Wastewater Association) wont. svensktvatten.se Box 14.057 SE-167 14 BROMMA Sweden AA2 Switzerland A.12.1 Regulatory Bodies D: Bundesamt fiir Umwelt (BAFU) ‘https://wwww.bafu.admin.ch/bafu/de/home.htm! F: Office fédéral de l'environnement (OFEV) http://www.ofev.ch Postfach, 3003 Bern 35BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) Gewasserschutz-Fachstellen der einzelnen Kanton (Fachstellen von 26 Kantonen) Die Post- und Internet-Adressen konnen aber www.kvu.ch erfragt werden, A.12.2 Other organisations D: VSA, Verband Schweizer Abwasser- und Gewasserschutzfachleute F: VSA, Association suisse des professionnels de la protection des eaux E: VSA, Swiss Water Pollution Control Association Strassburgstrasse 10, Postfach CH-8026 Ziirich A13 United Kingdom A,13.1 Regulatory Bodies A.13.1.1 General Health and Safety Executive Rose Court 2 Southwark Bridge London SE19HS A.13.1.2 England The Department for Communities and Local Government (Building Regulations) Fry Building, 2 Marsham Street, London, SW1P 4DF Department of the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Nobel House 17 Smith Square London SWIP3)R 36 awww.kvu.ch wwew.vsa.ch wwwgov.tk www.defra gov.uk‘The Environment Agency Horizon House Deanery Road Bristol BS15AH A13.1.3 Wales Welsh Government (Building Regulations) Housing and Directorate Welsh Government Rhydycar Merthyr Tydfil CF48 102, Regeneration Welsh Government (Water and Sewerage) Environment - protection and quality Cathays Park Cardiff CF10 3NQ Natural Resources Wales ‘Ty Cambria 29 Newport Road Cardiff cr240TP. A.13.14 Scotland Scottish Building Standards Division (BSD). Denholm House Almondvale Business Park Livingston, EHS4.6GA Scottish Environmental Protection Agency (SEPA) SEPA Corporate Office Erskine Court BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) www.wales gov.uk www.wales.gov.uk www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk www.gov.scot/Topics/Built- Environment/Building/Building-standards 37BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) Castle Business Park STIRLING FK9ATR A.13.1.5 Northern Ireland Department of Finance and Personnel (Building 54.) ywwwrdfpnigov.uk, Regulations) |nttp://Awnwrw.dfpni govsuk/ Building Regulations Unit Office estates and Building standards Division 10th Floor River House 48 High Street Belfast, BT1 24W ‘The Environment and Heritage Service http://www.ehsni gov.uk, Environmental Protection Calvert House 23 Castle Place Belfast County Antrim Northern Ireland BT11FY A.13.2 Other organisations Water UK www.waterorg.ik 3rd Floor 36 Broadway Westminster London SW1H OBH WRe swwwawreple.cosuks Frankland Road Blagrove Swindon Wiltshire SNS 8YF Foundation for Water Research (FWR) www.fwrorg Allen House 38‘The Listons Liston Road Marlow Bucks SL7 1FD BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) 39BS EN 16933-2:2017 EN 16933-2:2017 (E) Bibliography EN 12056-2, Gravity drainage systems inside buildings — Part 2: Sanitary pipework, layout and calculation EN 12056-4, Gravity drainage systems inside buildings — Part 4: Wastewater lifting plants — Layout and calculation 40This page deliberately left blank[NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW British Standards Institution (BSI) Tai19) Cem) Standards and other standai I Teva cenit ESM NoeT TREKS) Bocce ccm eSisene ena nice About us We ring ogee snes, indus, qovemment, ensues nnoatrs are oes shape thelr combined perience and expense to standards “hse solaons The knowlege eroded in cur tandard as been cretuly seb in 2 vependoble oat nd ref trough ou ope consaton proces. ‘rgaratone ofl sites and sre al ecrs choose standart oly ‘tum acter hee goal Information on standards “econ prose you vith the neg that your organization needs to axcoed Fe mae aut Bik Sac Dy ing Owe | Inigroupcorvsandards contacting our Custare Services tam or oouledge Conte. 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