تربيه الدواجن

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫اﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺪرﻳﺐ اﻟﺘﻘﻨﻲ واﻟﻤﻬﻨﻲ‬

‫א‬++++++++
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
EF‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٥٠
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١٤٢٨ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 W،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
?‫א‬?? ‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
EF‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W–‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١
 K‫א‬‫א‬٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬٣
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪٨٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K٣
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬٢   K‫א‬١
 K٣
-١-
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،        E١F  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   J١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬    J٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J٣
K‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬   J٤
KE٢F،‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬  J٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J٦
K‫א‬‫א‬،
 ،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬    J٧
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ،    ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   J٨
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ، ،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
-٢-
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١F
 W‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬
E٢F    ، ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ، ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫اﻟﻌﺪد‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻨﺲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺪد‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻨﺲ‬

‫اﻟﻜﺮوﻣﻮﺳﻮﻣﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺮوﻣﻮﺳﻮﻣﻲ‬
‫ زوج‬٤٠ ‫اﻟﺒﻂ‬ ‫ زوج‬٣٩ ‫اﻟﺪﺟﺎج‬

‫ زوج‬٤٠ ‫اﻹوز‬ ‫ زوج‬٤١ ‫اﻟﺮوﻣﻲ‬
‫ زوج‬٢٢ ‫اﻷراﻧﺐ‬ ‫ زوج‬٤٠ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎم‬
‫ زوج‬٣٩ ‫اﻟﺴﻤﺎن‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
-٣-
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 
  
 ‫א‬E٢F
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬‫א‬  
   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 WE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬    ‫א‬    ، ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
E٣F‫א‬،E٢F،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E٣F
-٤-
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١
 KE٤F،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E٤F
 
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢
 KE٥F،‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٥F
-٥-
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
      ‫א‬   W ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ٣
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٦F،‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E٦F
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ ٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 KE٧F،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E٧F
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٨F،
-٦-
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E٨F
 WE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬       ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ E‫א‬F ‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E٢F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  W ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ١
 KE٩F،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬E٩F
-٧-
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
  ‫א‬       ‫א‬ ‫א‬   W ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ٢
 KE١٠F،‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٠F
 
‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬‫א‬ ٣
، ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ، ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬     ‫א‬ 
 KE١١F
 ‫א‬‫א‬E١١F
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٤
 KE١٢F،‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٢F
-٨-
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ ٥
 KE١٣F،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E١٣F
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE١٤F،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٤F
 
 KE١٥F،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٥F
-٩-
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 KE١٦F،‫א‬‫א‬٣
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E١٦F
 
   ‫א‬         W ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ٤
 KE١٧F،EF،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E١٧F
 
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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E9F
K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬  
        E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 
          ١
          ٢
          ٣
          ٤
          ٥
          ٦
          ٧
          ٨
          ٩
          ١٠
‫א‬KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKEFEFL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 EF‫א‬KEFL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
- ١١ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١٤LLW‫א‬ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬
٤٣٢١W‫א‬ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
١
٢
٣
٤
٥
٦
٧
٨
٩
١٠
‫א‬
 ١٠KKKW‫א‬
 ‫א‬٪٨٠W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٪١٠٠W‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
- ١٢ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
‫א‬
 
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
- ١٤ -
EF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬_‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٣–٢
‫_א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬_‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W–‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬١
 K‫א‬٢
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪٩٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K٨
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬٢   K‫א‬١
 K‫א‬‫א‬٤  K٣
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‫_א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬_‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢
  ،   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬       ، ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬        W   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬W
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
- ١٦ -
‫_א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬_‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 CW‫א‬‫א‬
 C
 ‫א‬
 
‫ب‬ ‫ب‬
‫ﺑـ‬ ‫ب ﺑـ‬ ‫ب ﺑـ‬

 
 K٪١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 CW‫א‬‫א‬
 C
 W‫א‬
 
‫ب‬ ‫ﺑـ‬
‫ب‬ ‫بب‬ ‫ب ﺑـ‬

- ١٧ -
‫_א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬_‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 ١،٢،١W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K١W٣٪٢٥٪٧٥‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬W
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 CW‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫ذآﺮ‬ ‫سع‬ ‫سع‬

‫أﻧﺜﻰ‬
‫ﺳـ ﻋـ‬ ‫س ﺳـ ع ﻋـ‬ ‫س ﺳـ ع ﻋـ‬

‫ﺳـ ﻋـ‬ ‫س ﺳـ ع ﻋـ‬ ‫س ﺳـ ع ﻋـ‬
 
 K‫א‬٪١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
- ١٨ -
‫_א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬_‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 CW‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫ذآﺮ‬ ‫سع‬ ‫س ﻋـ‬ ‫ﺳـ ع‬ ‫ﺳـ ﻋـ‬

‫أﻧﺜﻰ‬
‫سع‬ ‫سسعع‬ ‫س س ع ﻋـ‬ ‫س ﺳـ ع ع‬ ‫س ﺳـ ع ﻋـ‬
‫س ﻋـ‬ ‫س س ع ﻋـ‬ ‫س س ﻋـ ﻋـ‬ ‫س ﺳـ ع ﻋـ‬ ‫س ﺳـ ﻋـ ﻋـ‬
‫ﺳـ ع‬ ‫س ﺳـ ع ع‬ ‫س ﺳـ ع ﻋـ‬ ‫ﺳـ ﺳـ ع ع‬ ‫ﺳـ ﺳـ ع ﻋـ‬
‫ﺳـ ﻋـ‬ ‫س ﺳـ ع ﻋـ‬ ‫س ﺳـ ﻋـ ﻋـ‬ ‫ﺳـ ﺳـ ع ﻋـ‬ ‫ﺳـ ﺳـ ﻋـ ﻋـ‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١W٣W٣W٩
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K١W٣٪٢٥٪٧٥
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
- ١٩ -
‫_א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬_‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٤
 
 KKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٥
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٦
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
- ٢٠ -
‫_א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬_‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٧
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٨
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬٩
WW
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٠
WW  ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
 ١
 ٢
 ٣
 ٤
 ٥
 ٦
 
- ٢١ -
‫_א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬_‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
- ٢٢ -
‫_א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬_‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬C‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬C‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
- ٢٣ -
‫_א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬_‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
 ١
 ٢
 ٣
 ٤
 ٥
 ٦
 
 W‫א‬
 
- ٢٤ -
‫_א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬_‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E9F
K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫؟‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬  
         E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 
          ١
          ٢
          ٣
          ٤
          ٥
          ٦
          ٧
          ٨
          ٩
          ١٠
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 EF‫א‬KEFL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
- ٢٥ -
‫_א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬_‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
١
٢
٣
٤
٥
٦
٧
٨
٩
١٠
‫א‬
 ١٠KKKW‫א‬
 ‫א‬٪٨٠W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٪١٠٠W‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 
 
 
 
- ٢٦ -
‫_א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬_‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
‫א‬
 
- ٢٧ -
‫_א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬_‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
‫א‬
- ٢٨ -
EF‫א‬‫א‬
‫ א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W–‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٤
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪٩٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K٣
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢   K‫א‬١
 K٣
- ٢٩ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W
‫א‬ Bl ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 BlBl‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬ bl‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ،   blbl ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
 KBlbl‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 W
‫א‬Y‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ y‫א‬ Y‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ y‫א‬‫א‬
 YY‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
yy‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Yy‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Yy‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 Kyy‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Yy‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Yy
 
- ٣٠ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   A  a ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ BB aa‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬bb
 W
c،C‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬C‫א‬،Ei،I‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬ C‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ I‫א‬ c، ii‫א‬
 KCc‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫ﻟﻮن اﻟﺮﻳﺶ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮآﻴﺐ اﻟﻮراﺛﻲ‬
(‫رﻳﺶ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻠﻮن )أﺑﻴﺾ‬ CCII

(‫رﻳﺶ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻠﻮن )أﺑﻴﺾ‬ CCIi
‫رﻳﺶ ﻣﻠﻮن‬ Ccii
‫رﻳﺶ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻠﻮن‬ CcII
‫رﻳﺶ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻠﻮن‬ CcIi
‫رﻳﺶ ﻣﻠﻮن‬ Ccii
‫رﻳﺶ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻠﻮن‬ ccII
‫رﻳﺶ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻠﻮن‬ ccIi
‫رﻳﺶ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻠﻮن‬ ccii
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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
   ،      ‫א‬     ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ، ‫א‬    ‫؛‬     ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
EF‫א‬d‫א‬،‫א‬D‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Kdd‫א‬‫א‬،DdDD‫א‬‫א‬
 W
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ L‫א‬ l‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Kll‫א‬‫א‬،Ll‫א‬LL
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬، ١ ١٠٠ ١
 K‫א‬
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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫ א‬9
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 9
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬9
KX-rays 9
K‫א‬‫ א‬9
K‫א‬ 9
 KKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬9
–‫א‬ –E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 WEca،ch،Cch،CF‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W C‫א‬ ١
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬W Cch‫א‬ ٢
 KEca،chF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W ch‫א‬ ٣
 KEcaF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
- ٣٣ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Wca‫א‬٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫ﻟﻮن ﻓﺮاء اﻷراﻧﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮآﻴﺐ اﻟﻮراﺛﻲ‬
(‫ﻟﻮن ﺑﺮي )ﻣﻠﻮن ﺗﻠﻮﻳﻦ آﻠﻲ‬ CC

(‫ﻟﻮن ﺑﺮي )ﻣﻠﻮن ﺗﻠﻮﻳﻦ آﻠﻲ‬ ch
CC
(‫ﻟﻮن ﺑﺮي )ﻣﻠﻮن ﺗﻠﻮﻳﻦ آﻠﻲ‬ h
Cc
(‫ﻟﻮن ﺑﺮي )ﻣﻠﻮن ﺗﻠﻮﻳﻦ آﻠﻲ‬ a
Cc
‫ﻟﻮن ﺷﻨﺸﻼ‬ ch ch
C C
‫رﻣﺎدي ﺧﻔﻴﻒ‬ ch a
C c
‫رﻣﺎدي ﺧﻔﻴﻒ‬ ch h
C c
‫هﻤﺎﻻﻳﺎ‬ h h
c c
‫هﻤﺎﻻﻳﺎ‬ h a
c c
‫أﺑﻴﺾ‬ a a
cc
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
- ٣٤ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫اﻟﺘﺰاوج‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺴﻞ‬
‫ذآﻮر‬ × ‫إﻧﺎث‬ ‫ذآﻮر‬ ‫إﻧﺎث‬
BB BO ‫ رﻳﺶ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ‬BB ‫ رﻳﺶ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ‬BO

Bb BO ‫ رﻳﺶ‬BB ، Bb ‫ رﻳﺶ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ‬BO
‫ﻣﺨﻄﻂ‬ ‫ رﻳﺶ ﻏﻴﺮ‬BO
‫ﻣﺨﻄﻂ‬
bb BO ‫ رﻳﺶ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ‬Bb ‫ رﻳﺶ ﻏﻴﺮ‬bO
‫ﻣﺨﻄﻂ‬
BB bO ‫ رﻳﺶ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ‬Bb ‫ رﻳﺶ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ‬BO
Bb bO ‫ رﻳﺶ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ‬Bb ‫ رﻳﺶ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ‬BO
‫ رﻳﺶ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ‬bb ‫ رﻳﺶ ﻏﻴﺮ‬bO
‫ﻣﺨﻄﻂ‬
bb bO ‫ رﻳﺶ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ‬bb ‫ رﻳﺶ ﻏﻴﺮ‬bO
‫ﻣﺨﻄﻂ‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
BO bO BB Bb bb ‫اﻟﺘﺮاآﻴﺐ‬
‫اﻟﻮراﺛﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻨﺴﻞ‬
- ٣٥ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
‫أﻧﺜﻰ‬ ‫أﻧﺜﻰ‬ ‫ذآﺮ‬ ‫ذآﺮ‬ ‫ذآﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻨﺲ‬

‫ﻣﺨﻄﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺨﻄﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﻄﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﻄﻂ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺼﻔﺔ‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 BOBBW‫א‬
 BOBW‫א‬
 BB BOW‫א‬‫א‬
 
 EF‫א‬‫א‬
 
 BOBOW‫א‬
 BOBOW‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 BbBBBObO
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
- ٣٦ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E9F
K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫؟‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬  
         E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 
          ١
          ٢
          ٣
          ٤
          ٥
          ٦
          ٧
          ٨
          ٩
          ١٠
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 EF‫א‬KEFL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
- ٣٧ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
١
٢
٣
٤
٥
٦
٧
٨
٩
١٠
‫א‬
 ١٠KKKW‫א‬
 ‫א‬٪٨٠W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٪١٠٠W‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 
 
 
 
- ٣٨ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
‫א‬
 
- ٣٩ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
‫א‬
- ٤٠ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬
 K
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
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EF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W–‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٤
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪٩٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K٣
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬٢   K‫א‬١
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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٣٨‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٨F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ٣٨‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬         ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EXF‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E٣٨H XF X‫א‬‫א‬E XH ٣٨F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٣٨F‫א‬‫א‬ ٣٨‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  EXX H 
 ٣٨‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣٨H OF X‫א‬
EXOH ٣٨F‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬
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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 
٣٨H٣٨ ٣٨H٣٨  ‫א‬
 XX  XO
     
 
 ٣٨  ٣٨  ٣٨  ‫א‬
 X  X  O
‫א‬      
 
٣٨H٣٨ ٣٨H٣٨  W‫א‬‫א‬
 XO  XX
     
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ XX  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
 KXO
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
k‫א‬ K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ، ‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
- ٤٣ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫ א‬  ،    
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  W ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
 
- ٤٤ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
   W‫א‬‫א‬EF
 E‫א‬F  E‫א‬F    
 kkXKO
 kKO  ‫א‬
 KkkO W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫اﻟﺠﺎﻣﻴﻄﺎت اﻟﻤﺆﻧﺜﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺠﺎﻣﻴﻄﺎت اﻟﻤﺬآﺮة‬
k O
K ‫ ذآﺮ ﻣﺘﺄﺧﺮ اﻟﺘﺮﻳﻴﺶ‬KK ‫ أﻧﺜﻰ ﻣﺘﺄﺧﺮة اﻟﺘﺮﻳﻴﺶ‬KO
k ‫ ذآﺮ ﻣﺒﻜﺮ اﻟﺘﺮﻳﻴﺶ‬Kk ‫ أﻧﺜﻰ ﻣﺒﻜﺮة اﻟﺘﺮﻳﻴﺶ‬kO
 C  W‫א‬‫א‬EF
 E‫א‬FE‫א‬F     
 KKCkO
 KkO   W‫א‬
 KkKOW‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
- ٤٥ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫اﻟﺠﺎﻣﻴﻄﺎت اﻟﻤﺆﻧﺜﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺠﺎﻣﻴﻄﺎت اﻟﻤﺬآﺮة‬
K O
K ‫ ذآﺮ ﻣﺘﺄﺧﺮ اﻟﺘﺮﻳﻴﺶ‬KK ‫ أﻧﺜﻰ ﻣﺘﺄﺧﺮة اﻟﺘﺮﻳﻴﺶ‬KO
k ‫ ذآﺮ ﻣﺘﺄﺧﺮ اﻟﺘﺮﻳﻴﺶ‬Kk ‫ أﻧﺜﻰ ﻣﺒﻜﺮة اﻟﺘﺮﻳﻴﺶ‬kO
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
- ٤٦ -
‫א‪‬א‪‬א‪‬‬ ‫‪‬א‪‬א‪ ‬‬ ‫‪‬א‪‬א‪‬א‪‬‬
‫‪‬א‪‬א‪‬א‪‬א‪‬א‪‬‬ ‫‪ ٢٥٠‬‬ ‫‪‬א‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫اﻵﺑﺎء دﺟﺎج ذو ﻋﺮف ﻣﻔﺮد × دﺟﺎج ذو ﻋﺮف اﻵﺑﺎء‪ :‬دﺟﺎج ذو ﻋﺮف ﻣﻔﺮد × دﺟﺎج ذو ﻋﺮف‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﻼﺋﻲ‬ ‫وردي‬
‫× ‪rrPP‬‬ ‫‪rrpp‬‬ ‫‪RRpp × rrpp‬‬
‫ذا ﻋﺮف ﺑﺎﺳﻼﺋﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺴﻞ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ‪:‬‬ ‫ذا ﻋﺮف وردي‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺴﻞ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ‪:‬‬
‫‪rrPp‬‬ ‫‪Rrpp‬‬
‫ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺪل ﻋﻠﻰ أن اﻟﻌﺮف اﻟﺒﺎﺳﻼﺋﻲ ﺳﺎﺋﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﺮف‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺪل ﻋﻠﻰ أن اﻟﻌﺮف اﻟﻮردي ﺳﺎﺋﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻔﺮد‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺮف اﻟﻤﻔﺮد‬
‫اﻵﺑﺎء‪ :‬دﺟﺎج ذا ﻋﺮف وردي × دﺟﺎج ذا ﻋﺮف اﻵﺑﺎء ‪ :‬دﺟﺎج ذو ﻋﺮف وردي ﺧﻠﻴﻂ × دﺟﺎج ذو‬
‫ﻋﺮف وردي ﺧﻠﻴﻂ‬ ‫وردي‬
‫× ‪Rrpp‬‬ ‫‪Rrpp‬‬ ‫‪RRpp × RRpp‬‬
‫‪Rp‬‬ ‫‪rp‬‬ ‫‪Rp‬‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺎﻣﻴﻄﺎت‪rp :‬‬ ‫وا ﻋﺮف وردي‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺴﻞ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﻨﺴﻞ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪RRpp‬‬
‫‪RRpp‬‬ ‫‪Rrpp‬‬ ‫‪Rrpp‬‬ ‫‪rrpp‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺮف اﻟﻮردي ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻟﻌﺪم وﺟﻮد اﻟﺠﻴﻦ‬
‫‪ ١‬ﻋﺮف ﻣﻔﺮد ‪ ٣ :‬ﻋﺮف وردي‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎﺋﺪ ‪ P‬اﻟﻤﺴﺆول ﻋﻦ ﻇﻬﻮر اﻟﻌﺮف اﻟﺒﺎﺳﻼﺋﻲ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻜﻮن اﻟﻌﺮف اﻟﻤﻔﺮد ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﺗﺠﻤﻊ آﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﻴﻦ ‪r ، p‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺗﺮآﻴﺐ وراﺛﻲ واﺣﺪ ﺑﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﺛﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺣﺪوث ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ‪.‬‬
‫اﻵﺑﺎء ‪ :‬دﺟﺎج ذو ﻋﺮف ﺑﺎﺳﻼﺋﻲ ﻧﻘﻲ × دﺟﺎج اﻵﺑﺎء ‪ :‬دﺟﺎج ذو ﻋﺮف ﺑﺎﺳﻼﺋﻲ ﺧﻠﻴﻂ × دﺟﺎج ذو‬
‫ﻋﺮف ﺑﺎﺳﻼﺋﻲ ﺧﻠﻴﻂ‬ ‫ذو ﻋﺮف ﺑﺎﺳﻼﺋﻲ ﻧﻘﻲ‬
‫‪rrPp‬‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪rrPp‬‬ ‫‪rrPP‬‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪rrPP‬‬
‫اﻟﻨﺴﻞ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ‪:‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺴﻞ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ‪:‬‬
‫‪3rrP- : rrpp‬‬ ‫‪rrPP‬‬
‫‪ ١‬ﻋﺮف ﻣﻔﺮد ‪ ٣ :‬ﻋﺮف ﺑﺎﺳﻼﺋﻲ‬ ‫ذو ﻋﺮف ﺑﺎﺳﻼﺋﻲ‬
‫ﻳﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﻌﺮف اﻟﺒﺎﺳﻼﺋﻲ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻟﻌﺪم وﺟﻮد اﻟﺠﻴﻦ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺪل ﻋﻠﻰ أن اﻟﻌ ﺮف اﻟﺒﺎﺳ ﻼﺋﻲ ﺳ ﺎﺋﺪ ﻋﻠ ﻰ اﻟﻌ ﺮف‬
‫اﻟﺴﺎﺋﺪ ‪ R‬اﻟﻤﺴﺆول ﻋﻦ ﻇﻬﻮر اﻟﻌﺮف اﻟﻮردي اﻟﻤﻔﺮد‪ ،‬آﻤﺎ أن اﻟﻌﺮف اﻟﻤﻔ ﺮد ﻳﻈﻬ ﺮ ﻧﺘﻴﺠ ﺔ ﺗﺠﻤ ﻊ آ ﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﻴﻦ ‪ r ، p‬ﺑﺤﺎﻟﺔ زوﺟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺮآﻴﺐ وراﺛﻲ واﺣﺪ‬
‫وﺣﺪوث ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬א‪‬א‪‬א‪ ‬‬
‫‪- ٤٧ -‬‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 CW‫א‬‫א‬
 WWCww
 WwW‫א‬‫א‬
 3W-W1ww
 ‫א‬W‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬D‫א‬‫א‬
‫ﺳﻼﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻮن اﻟﺴﺎق‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮآﻴﺐ اﻟﻮراﺛﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻦ ﺻﺒﻐﺔ ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻦ ﺻﺒﻐﺔ‬

‫إﻧﺎث‬ ‫ذآﻮر‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺎروﺗﻴﻨﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻴﻼﻧﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺑﻄﺒﻘﺔ اﻟﺪﻳﺮم ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺎق )ﺟﻴﻦ‬
(‫ﺟﺴﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺠﻠﺪ )ﺟﻴﻦ‬
(‫ﺟﻨﺴﻲ‬
‫( وﺟﻮد ﺻﺒﻐﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﻼﻧﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﻃﺒﻘﺔ اﻟﺪﻳﺮم وذﻟﻚ ﻟﻮﺟﻮد‬١)
‫ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﻨﺲ‬D ‫اﻟﺠﻴﻦ اﻟﺴﺎﺋﺪ‬
‫اﻷورﺑﻨﺠﺘﻦ‬ ‫أﺑﻴﺾ‬ DOW- D-W- W D
‫اﻷﺑﻴﺾ‬
‫اﻟﻠﺠﻬﻮرن‬ ‫أﺻﻔﺮ‬ DOww D-ww w D
‫اﻷﺳﻮد‬
‫( ﻏﻴﺎب ﺻﺒﻐﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﻼﻧﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﻃﺒﻘﺔ اﻟﺪﻳﺮم وذﻟﻚ ﻟﻮﺟﻮد‬٢)
‫ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﻨﺲ‬d ‫اﻟﺠﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﺘﻨﺤﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻬﺎﻣﺒﻮرج‬ ‫أﺳﻮد‬ dOW- ddW- W d
‫اﻷﺳﻮد‬
‫اﻟﺴﻮﻣﺎﺗﺮا‬ ‫أﺻﻔﺮ داآﻦ‬ dOww ddww w d
‫اﻷﺳﻮد‬
- ٤٨ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 EF
 ‫א‬CW‫א‬‫א‬
 DDCdd
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬DdF
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 3D-W1dd
 ‫א‬‫א‬٣W
 EF
 DDCDdW‫א‬‫א‬
 DDd‫א‬
 DDDdW‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
- ٤٩ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬C‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 CrCrCcrcr
 CrcrW‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 3Cr-W1crcrW‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
- ٥٠ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 
 CW‫א‬
 FFCff
 FfW‫א‬‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 FF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Ff‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 1FF2FfW1ffW‫א‬‫א‬
 WW
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
- ٥١ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E9F
K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫؟‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬  
         E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 
          ١
          ٢
          ٣
          ٤
          ٥
          ٦
          ٧
          ٨
          ٩
          ١٠
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 EF‫א‬KEFL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
- ٥٢ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
١
٢
٣
٤
٥
٦
٧
٨
٩
١٠
‫א‬
 ١٠KKKW‫א‬
 ‫א‬٪٨٠W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٪١٠٠W‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 
 
 
 
- ٥٣ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
‫א‬
 
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
- ٥٤ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
‫א‬
 
- ٥٥ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 
 ‫א‬
 
- ٥٦ -
EF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٦
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W–‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪٩٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K٣
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K٢  K‫א‬١
 K٤   ‫א‬٣
- ٥٦ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١
 ٢
 ٣
 ٤
 ٥
 ٦
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١
 ٢
 ٣
 ٤
 
- ٥٧ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 
 W‫א‬
- ٥٨ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٠
 W‫א‬
‫إﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﺒﻴﺾ‬ ‫رﻗﻢ اﻟﺪﺟﺎﺟﺔ إن‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﺴﻞ‬ ‫إﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﺒﻴﺾ‬ ‫رﻗﻢ اﻟﺪﺟﺎﺟﺔ إن‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﺴﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻮﺳﻤﻲ‬ ‫وﺟﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮﺳﻤﻲ‬ ‫وﺟﺪ‬
١١ ١
١٢ ٢
١٣ ٣
١٤ ٤
١٥ ٥
١٦ ٦
١٧ ٧
١٨ ٨
١٩ ٩
٢٠ ١٠
- ٥٩ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢
 Z‫א‬
 ٢٠
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٥٤٣٢١
 
HHHHH Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Z
 ٥
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٥٤٣٢١
 ١٠٩٨٧٦
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Z
 ١٠
- ٦٠ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٥٤٣٢١
 ١٠٩٨٧٦
 ١٥١٤١٣١٢١١
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Z
 ١٠
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
٢٠/١٥ ‫اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬ ٢٠/١٠ ‫اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬ ٢٠/٥ ‫اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎر اﻻﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻘﺎرق اﻻﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﻲ‬
‫ﺷﺪة اﻻﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬
‫اﻻﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﻼﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬
 
- ٦١ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 W‫א‬
- ٦٢ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E9F
K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫؟‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬  
         E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 
          ١
          ٢
          ٣
          ٤
          ٥
          ٦
          ٧
          ٨
          ٩
          ١٠
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 EF‫א‬KEFL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
- ٦٣ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
١
٢
٣
٤
٥
٦
٧
٨
٩
١٠
‫א‬
 ١٠KKKW‫א‬
 ‫א‬٪٨٠W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٪١٠٠W‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 
 
 
 
- ٦٤ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
‫א‬
 
- ٦٥ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
‫א‬
 
- ٦٦ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
- ٦٧ -
EF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W–‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬٣
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪٩٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K٣
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
  K١
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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 WE١F
،‫א‬٢٦‫א‬،١٠٠‫א‬
‫א‬   ، ٠{٥ ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ،  ٥٠ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬٣٢‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬١
 K‫א‬٢
 K‫א‬٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬٤
 
 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬١
 K‫א‬٦Z٢٦–٣٢Z    
 K٠{٨‫א‬‫א‬٢
 ‫א‬C‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬٣
 K‫א‬٣Z٠{٥C٦Z
 K١{٢٥‫א‬،١{٥W١‫א‬
 K‫א‬٣{٧٥Z١{٢٥C٣Z‫א‬‫א‬٤
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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 WE٢F
    ، ‫א‬   ٣٠٠ ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬
 K‫א‬٢٥٠‫א‬
 K٠{٤٠،٠{٣٠،٠{٢٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
 K٥٠Z٢٥٠–٣٠٠Z‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٠{٢٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 K‫א‬١٠Z٠{٢٠C٥٠Z  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٠{٣٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 K‫א‬١٥Z٠{٣٠C٥٠Z  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٠{٤٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 K‫א‬٢٠Z٠{٤٠C٥٠Z  
 
 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 WE٣F
،٣٢٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٢٨٠‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،٠{٨٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٠{٥٩،٠{٤٧‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬٤٠Z٢٨٠–٣٢٠
 K٣٤Z٠{٨٥C٤٠Z‫א‬‫א‬
 K٣١٤Z٣٤H٢٨٠Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٠{٤٧‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 K‫א‬١٦١٥{٩٨Z٠{٤٧C٣٤Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬٢٩٦Z١٦H٢٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٠{٥٩‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 K‫א‬٢٠٢٠{٠٦Z٠{٥٩C٣٤Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬٣٠٠Z٢٠H٢٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
- ٧٠ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 WE١F
 
 
 
 
 WE٢F
 
 
- ٧١ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E9F
K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬  
        E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 
          ١
          ٢
          ٣
          ٤
          ٥
          ٦
          ٧
          ٨
          ٩
          ١٠
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 EF‫א‬KEFL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
- ٧٢ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
١
٢
٣
٤
٥
٦
٧
٨
٩
١٠
‫א‬
 ١٠KKKW‫א‬
 ‫א‬٪٨٠W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٪١٠٠W‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 
 
 
 
- ٧٣ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
‫א‬
 
- ٧٤ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
‫א‬
 
 
- ٧٥ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 
 
- ٧٦ -
EF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٩–٨
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 KE–F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W–‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE–F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬٣
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪٩٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
- ٧٦ -
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 K    K
 ١     ١
 ٢     ٢
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬W
 K٢    K١
       
       
       
 
- ٧٧ -
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬W
‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ اﻟﻮزن ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮ ﻋﻨﺪ أول‬

‫إﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﺒﻴﺾ‬ ‫وزن اﻟﻔﻘﺲ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﺴﻞ‬
‫اﻟﺬﺑﺢ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻀﺔ‬
 ١
 ٢
 ٣
 ٤
 ٥
 ٦
 
- ٧٨ -
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
   ‫א‬     ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  W  ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫ﺻﻔﺔ إﻧﺘﺎﺟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻨﻴﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻤﻔﻬﻮم‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔﻬﻮم‬
‫اﻟﻤﻔﻬﻮم اﻟﻌﺎم‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻔﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔﻬﻮم اﻟﻌﺎم‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻔﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺪﻗﻴﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻗﻴﻖ‬
 
- ٧٩ -
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
- ٨٠ -
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
‫ﺻﻔﺔ إﻧﺘﺎﺟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻨﻴﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ‬
‫اﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ اﻟﺒﻴﺌﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ اﻟﺒﻴﺌﻲ‬
‫اﻟﺘﺠﻤﻌﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻮراﺛﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺠﻤﻌﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻮراﺛﻲ‬
 
 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬C‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬C‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
- ٨١ -
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﺘﻜﺮاري ﻟﺼﻔﺔ إﻧﺘﺎﺟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﺘﻜﺮاري ﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻨﻴﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻔﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻔﺔ‬
 
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
- ٨٢ -
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
‫اﻟﺼﻔﺔ اﻹﻧﺘﺎﺟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻔﺔ اﻟﺘﻜﻮﻳﻨﻴﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ اﻟﺒﻴﺌﻲ اﻟﻤﺆﻗﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ اﻟﺒﻴﺌﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ اﻟﺒﻴﺌﻲ اﻟﻤﺆﻗﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ اﻟﺒﻴﺌﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪﻳﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪﻳﻢ‬
 
 W
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬C‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬H‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
- ٨٣ -
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 W ،   ١
 W ،   ٢
 W ،   ٣
 
 
- ٨٤ -
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E9F
K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫؟‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬  
         E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 
          ١
          ٢
          ٣
          ٤
          ٥
          ٦
          ٧
          ٨
          ٩
          ١٠
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 EF‫א‬KEFL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
- ٨٥ -
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
١
٢
٣
٤
٥
٦
٧
٨
٩
١٠
‫א‬
 ١٠KKKW‫א‬
 ‫א‬٪٨٠W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٪١٠٠W‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 
 
 
 
- ٨٦ -
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
‫א‬
 
- ٨٧ -
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
‫א‬
 
 
- ٨٨ -
EF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١١–١٠
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W–‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٤
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪٩٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K٨
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬٢    K‫א‬١
 K‫א‬٤  K٣
- ٨٩ -
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE–‫א‬F‫א‬١
 KE‫א‬–‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢
 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬     F   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ W ‫א‬  ١
 KE‫א‬
  ‫א‬  F   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ W ‫א‬   ٢
 KE‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬٣
 KEF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KEF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 W‫א‬W‫א‬٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪٧٥‫א‬
٪٣٠ J٢٥  ‫א‬   ‫א‬          
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،،
 K‫א‬
 WW‫א‬٥
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Hypothalamus‫א‬١
 KELH،FSHF‫א‬‫א‬٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٥
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٦
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١
 K‫א‬‫א‬٢
 K‫א‬٣
 K‫א‬٤
 K‫א‬٥
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‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٢٧٢٥٥W‫א‬
   ،      ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  W ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬٣١٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬    ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
 K‫א‬FS‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،EF
 W‫א‬٦
‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬   
 KEF‫א‬EF
       E F    ‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 K‫א‬
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‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬١
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬٢
 K‫א‬
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٪٣٠ J٢٠
‫א‬Edw/dwF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬١
 K
- ٩٣ -
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K١٠٠–٥٠،٣٠٠–٢٠٠٦٠–٥٠‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٤ – ٣‫א‬
 K‫א‬
  E‫א‬     ٢٠٠F     ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬٢
 W
  ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
- ٩٤ -
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ 
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
- ٩٥ -
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٪٩٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  E‫א‬F ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬      
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٪٥٠‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬١٠٠–٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
- ٩٦ -
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ، ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٠{٠٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬ ٥ – ٤‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٠{٠٢٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
     E‫א‬ F ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬       ‫א‬   ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 E‫א‬ ‫א‬F  E‫א‬ ‫א‬F ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ،  ٤ – ٣ ‫א‬     ‫א‬     ‫א‬ 
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
- ٩٧ -
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
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‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E9F
K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬  
        E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 
          ١
          ٢
          ٣
          ٤
          ٥
          ٦
          ٧
          ٨
          ٩
          ١٠
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 EF‫א‬KEFL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
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‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
١
٢
٣
٤
٥
٦
٧
٨
٩
١٠
‫א‬
 ١٠KKKW‫א‬
 ‫א‬٪٨٠W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٪١٠٠W‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 
 
 
 
- ١٠٠ -
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 
 
- ١٠١ -
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
‫א‬
 
- ١٠٢ -
EF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W–‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪٨٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K٣
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢   K١
 K٣
- ١٠٣ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬        ‫א‬‫א‬    ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ،‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
- ١٠٤ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 K‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢
 
 K‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬٤
 ١
 ٢
- ١٠٥ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 K‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٥
 ١
 ٢
 ٣
 ٤
 
 K‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٦
- ١٠٦ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E9F
K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬  
        E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 
          ١
          ٢
          ٣
          ٤
          ٥
          ٦
          ٧
          ٨
          ٩
          ١٠
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 EF‫א‬KEFL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
- ١٠٧ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
١
٢
٣
٤
٥
٦
٧
٨
٩
١٠
‫א‬
 ١٠KKKW‫א‬
 ‫א‬٪٨٠W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٪١٠٠W‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 
 
 
 
- ١٠٨ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
‫א‬
 
 
- ١٠٩ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
‫א‬
- ١١٠ -
EF‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W–‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪٨٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K٣
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
  K‫א‬١
- ١١١ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
 K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 WE‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬‫א‬ZEMeanF‫א‬‫א‬
 K٢٠،٢٢،١٩،٢٥،١٨W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 K٢١Z٥LE٢٢H٢٠H١٩H٢٥HF١٨W‫א‬
 K‫؟‬٢١‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
- ١١٢ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٣،٩،٦،٤،٦W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 
 W
 ‫؟‬،٧٦،،١٣،٩،٥،٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 H٣٥Z٦HH١٣H٩H٥H٢Z‫א‬
 K٦Z‫א‬
 HKKKKKKKKKKH٣H٢H١
 Z
 
 ٦H١٣H٩H٥H٢
 Z
 ٦
 H٣٥
 Z٧
 ٦
 H٣٥Z٤٢
 ٣٥ J٤٢Z
 K٧Z
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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 W
 K٤ J،٧ J،٨،٥،٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 HKKKKH٣H٢H١
 Z‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ٥E٤ JFHE٧ JFH٨H٥H٣
 ١ZZZ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٥٥
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W١
 W٢
 W٣
 
- ١١٤ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E9F
K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬  
        E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 
          ١
          ٢
          ٣
          ٤
          ٥
          ٦
          ٧
          ٨
          ٩
          ١٠
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 EF‫א‬KEFL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
- ١١٥ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
١
٢
٣
٤
٥
٦
٧
٨
٩
١٠
‫א‬
 ١٠KKKW‫א‬
 ‫א‬٪٨٠W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٪١٠٠W‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 
 
 
 
- ١١٦ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
‫א‬
 
- ١١٧ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
‫א‬
- ١١٨ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
‫א‬
 
- ١١٩ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
‫א‬
 
- ١٢٠ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 
- ١٢١ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 
- ١٢٢ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 
- ١٢٣ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 
- ١٢٤ -
‫‪‬א‪‬א‪ ‬‬ ‫‪‬א‪‬א‪‬א‪‬‬
‫א‪‬א‪‬‬
‫‪ ٢٥٠‬‬ ‫‪‬א‪ ‬‬
‫א‪‬א‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﺆﻟﻒ‬ ‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب‬ ‫م‬

‫د‪/‬ﺣﺴﻦ أآﺮم ‪ ،‬د‪/‬ﺻﻼل ﺟﻼل‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺔ اﻟﺤﻴﻮان‬ ‫‪-١‬‬
‫د‪/‬ﻧﺠﻴﺐ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﻖ ﻏﺰال‬ ‫اﻟﻮراﺛﺔ اﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪-٢‬‬
‫وﺗﺤﺴﻴﻦ اﻟﺤﻴﻮان‬
‫د‪/‬ﻣﺎهﺮ ﺧﻠﻴﻞ ‪ ،‬د‪/‬إﺑﺮاهﻴﻢ اﻟﺤﻤﻴﺪان‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺔ وﺗﺤﺴﻴﻦ اﻟﺪواﺟﻦ‬ ‫‪-٣‬‬
‫د‪/‬ﺳﺎﻣﻲ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺳﻴﻔﻮ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﻠﻮب اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪-٤‬‬
‫اﻟﺪواﺟﻦ‬
‫د‪/‬آﻮرﻓ ﻮرد ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﺟﻤ ﺔ‪ /‬ﻣﺤﻤ ﺪ أﺣﻤ ﺪ‬ ‫وراﺛﺔ اﻟﺪواﺟﻦ وﺗﺮﺑﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫‪-٥‬‬
‫وﻧﺒﻜﺎ ﺻﺎﻟﺢ‬
‫د‪/‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﻤﺤﺮوس‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺤﺴﻴﻦ اﻟﻮراﺛﻲ ﻟﻠﺪواﺟﻦ‬ ‫‪-٦‬‬
‫د‪/‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ أﺣﻤﺪ اﻟﻬﺮﻳﺠﻲ وﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻮراﺛﺔ‬ ‫‪-٧‬‬
‫د‪/‬ﺟﻤﺎل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻧﺼﺮت‪ ،‬د‪/‬ﻋﺒﺪاﻟﺮؤوف‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻮراﺛﺔ‬ ‫‪-٨‬‬
‫ﺳﻠﻴﻢ‬
‫آ ﺎﺛﻲ ﺛﻴ ﺮ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﺟﻤ ﺔ ﻣﺤﻤ ﺪ ﻏﺮﻳ ﺐ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺔ اﻟﺪواﺟﻦ‬ ‫‪-٩‬‬
‫ﺟﻮدﻩ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴ ﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣ ﺔ ﻟﻠﺘ ﺪرﻳﺐ اﻟﺘﻘﻨ ﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺔ اﻟﺤﻴﻮان واﻟﺘﺤﺴﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪-١٠‬‬
‫واﻟﻤﻬﻨﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻮراﺛﻲ واﻟﺒﻴﺌﻲ‬
‫د‪/‬ﻋﺒﺪاﻟﻠﻄﻴﻒ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺎت وﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت زراﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪-١١‬‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
٢٥٠ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 
‫رﻗﻢ اﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع‬ ‫م‬

٣-١  K‫א‬ -١٢
١٨-٤  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -١٣
٣٣-١٩ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -١٤
٤٦-٣٤ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -١٥
٦١-٤٧ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -١٦
٧٣-٦٢ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -١٧
٨٣-٧٤ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -١٨
٩٧-٨٤ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -١٩
١١١-٩٨ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -٢٠
١٢٠-١١٢ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -٢١
١٣٥-١٢١ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -٢٢
١٣٧-١٣٦ K‫א‬‫א‬ -٢٣
 K‫א‬ -٢٤

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تربيه الدواجن

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫اﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺪرﻳﺐ اﻟﺘﻘﻨﻲ واﻟﻤﻬﻨﻲ‬

‫اﻟﻌﺪد‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻨﺲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺪد‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻨﺲ‬

‫ زوج‬٤٠ ‫اﻟﺒﻂ‬ ‫ زوج‬٣٩ ‫اﻟﺪﺟﺎج‬

‫ﺑـ‬ ‫ب ﺑـ‬ ‫ب ﺑـ‬

‫ب‬ ‫بب‬ ‫ب ﺑـ‬

‫ذآﺮ‬ ‫سع‬ ‫سع‬

‫ﺳـ ﻋـ‬ ‫س ﺳـ ع ﻋـ‬ ‫س ﺳـ ع ﻋـ‬

‫ذآﺮ‬ ‫سع‬ ‫س ﻋـ‬ ‫ﺳـ ع‬ ‫ﺳـ ﻋـ‬

‫ﻟﻮن اﻟﺮﻳﺶ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮآﻴﺐ اﻟﻮراﺛﻲ‬

(‫رﻳﺶ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻠﻮن )أﺑﻴﺾ‬ CCII

‫ﻟﻮن ﻓﺮاء اﻷراﻧﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮآﻴﺐ اﻟﻮراﺛﻲ‬

(‫ﻟﻮن ﺑﺮي )ﻣﻠﻮن ﺗﻠﻮﻳﻦ آﻠﻲ‬ CC

BB BO ‫ رﻳﺶ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ‬BB ‫ رﻳﺶ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ‬BO

‫أﻧﺜﻰ‬ ‫أﻧﺜﻰ‬ ‫ذآﺮ‬ ‫ذآﺮ‬ ‫ذآﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻨﺲ‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬٢   K‫א‬١

‫ﺳﻼﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻮن اﻟﺴﺎق‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮآﻴﺐ اﻟﻮراﺛﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻦ ﺻﺒﻐﺔ ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻦ ﺻﺒﻐﺔ‬

٢٠/١٥ ‫اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬ ٢٠/١٠ ‫اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬ ٢٠/٥ ‫اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎر اﻻﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﻲ‬

‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ اﻟﻮزن ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮ ﻋﻨﺪ أول‬

‫ﺻﻔﺔ إﻧﺘﺎﺟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻨﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺻﻔﺔ إﻧﺘﺎﺟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻨﻴﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﺘﻜﺮاري ﻟﺼﻔﺔ إﻧﺘﺎﺟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﺘﻜﺮاري ﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻨﻴﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺼﻔﺔ اﻹﻧﺘﺎﺟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻔﺔ اﻟﺘﻜﻮﻳﻨﻴﺔ‬

 K‫א‬٢    K‫א‬١

‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﺆﻟﻒ‬ ‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب‬ ‫م‬

‫رﻗﻢ اﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع‬ ‫م‬

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