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Takahashi et al proposed a portable load balancer for the Kubernetes cluster systems that is aimed at facilitated
web services migration. Et al designed the proposed load balancer using three components, IPVS, keepalived, and a controller. Et
al implemented a containerized software load balancer that is run by Kubernetes as a part of container cluster, using Linux
kernel’s IPVS. To check the feasibility of the proposed load balancer, et al built a Kubernetes cluster system and conducted
performance measurements. Results indicate that the IPVS based load balancer improved portability of web services without
sacrificing the performance..Et al also clarified the importance of two network conditions to derive the best performance: the first
was the choice of the overlay network operation mode, and the second was distributing packet processing to multiple cores. They
have not discussed the load balancer redundancy.