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OF Modes GERIES RESISTORS: eM ee + Nw - ANY AN Mr Rye RitRat wt Ry ay" AS | fire Le tacts Ty Ve 2 Nt Vo bot Ny NYT Vy = ++ Rit Ratt Ry"PRARILEL RESISDRS subserilee-09 youtube Rb Genginerdmnatn — oo R =] —_t ACE Jl fl fly pT tease yet = RR — ry SR, Zr, SR MeeVee Ve T= T+ Ltt dy 4 Ty -{ 1 — * re ee Q, = g Ra Gustan Robert y Kirdnnof WY = 0} @ 4 lwp + Voltage, when the canvent writers he paitive paovity (woltage rep’) be 4 BE = plage when Se ouvrent vurbols the veyatnie pparly vi ia @y Lrottage vise) Ws Ys SNo= 0 Ni tNLAV3- Vy t V5 =OSubsorilbe- on yputuloe Rf Gengnerdmnatn Ohm’s Lawsubserilie- 09 ypuhulbe, Rf Toles ( U ZI=0] @ o node ti A = or y : = ie uv ZLederny~ ZaTcneng le a @ oa node Us um of cuvrerits entering O node be a oo A entenny ~ QL ten equals the sum of vorrerts eek eoring Yhe same node . ee uy iat ig tlge bat ts Urlitltlyls =D Ro 0 Wa b DELTA =WXE- Ry fo SWNE= DELTA p-_ eRe £ [p.. BRERRERR "Rat Rot Re Ry Rae R= Piket RRt RR, R~ Rat Ry +R - R & a + —RaR, = RRt Rt BR Ry Rat Rot Re Re kk: Subsofilpe, 0) youtube Rf NODAL ANALNSIS- Geryinerdinatn example: R - Supermode, Short the supernnde AN oF irs and opply KCL. \@ i Rs OT, Solution: Bled @ supernode Na= i y Na_ 4 Ns_ + Y=0 Ry Ra Qa Nyy KVL © supernote loop 2N=0 Na-V,- N= 9 _, pen the super nes and ony KVL, 2Q. 1 1To Q 1319 GQ \ov; Solution: Subset on youtube, > IN =0 © sagermnesy @enginerdmath aT rel. + (4t@l, -31,=0 ZI-O0 @ vodeeg A1-0 @ tole b o =1.~T, Sr) = I-Ie Z=0 © mechs (442)1,-@Is + lo =0 Carats wih purely independent curnent source, ( wfo wndeperdent or dependent ~wltage sure, o¢ dependent convent souyee) y Ra NY ANN TO 28 &3 Oh8 Subsorilde, 0) yrtubee RE b DESH ANALYSIS Cergrarinal Corants with purely emdepondent independent voltae sowtes, (w/o Independent / dependent caret source. of dependent voltage. sowce,) wy Ry 4 V® G en G) Ov. R Rs ANN \NMr Medn Equations « | (R184) -Q oll | - Rat (Rett RSI LL] [Pe SUPERPOSTION THEOREM 1) Twn off all indeperdhent Durtes except one swe at a time. Keep the dependent sowces. ON a) Repeat. step | Fy cade of the dlber independent sour. 3) Find the {ulal contyiputions by add ing Algeooicaly all he wntributions due to*he dependent soutes. Ee sources ove va ideal, ctye tne tne Ot cources by Heir yrternal vesistances .4 Subpsorilie-0n, yputuloe, Koo “SOURCE TRANGFERDTON, yin _ Ns Ns = Ls® or Ts R 3 aq, Get the open Natio ounss the frmiral o-b On) | Rr Gek Pry eress orb oy trnty oH indepen Nn Re dent sowngs. If there ie a depengett sorte, pa ardrrary Notte] cuvtent sowvte domes = dermnals O-W0 with desired Nalye say \y=IN Rm then sore toe ciruatt for Ly then Ry = Ye Ne | ti cove of ror Beal snuites , dnarge then ° me into Hoete vnbernal reastanies lem furned offSR b an Subsorilbe- on yputule, hfs Genginerdinath Almost the same as Thevenin's Theorem, out inctead Of Firdiry the, open ~oltaqe avis Jermnds a-b 7 Fmd tye sort crcult euvent : Findny Ro Bc aviord Tp = N In Lowr . Ret Ry Tats Hove} ob Then fillow He oer eps fr Pers ~ Morimum pour is transferred +o the load Wen the load recistarce WW} | yy Bn Be equals Hoe Thevenn veastance os seen fromthe load CRL= Ree) Ruz Rr NG ARH ¥ nor ideal op= asp No No = ANat ACL) Va=Vo-Vii ubsorite-on ypubube, 2. FOR IDEAL DP-AMPS * Genginerdmath 1) has wine loop gain , Aw © 2) has nfintte Input resistance » Ry & 00 3) has tem output resistance, R, * 0 ‘AN Yep li Lo Neo BEN R Pe Yo Y Vy = (v+ Sy, Re > Ne No = VYSubserilbe, 00, yortube, Rf - Sant PaglPior @enginerdmnatin ig Nt Ni * Vo o ayy ie oh — g WoW on (BN + Bey, wR) peal . Vo [Nb = Ay Qa) 2 Yo Ry = RS Ry \, - Ro af Ve® (44 Ra | Rota iz R \y Lil’ Nye (12 Re RI subserive-0n youtube, Rf Genginerdmnath EA , ’ - _ o dy distane bofn olates C d 7G ye a C VY ‘1 Farad UF) = Yy [se fite dieledn Area _ w] pet miffN ae > We Ne . dk Widhoel Nes Ff) ede + Veto) Faraday co tle? \, le Per Mele © at doy = We 9% = 9G pk copacitor is open aveut > DC 2) The Voltage on a capacatur must be continuous . 4 dis communis Change tn voltage requnes an infinite, current whicds is py cally tmpossole wh ideal Capacity V5 lenkage resistance & [DD M9. nol Copacitov N\\ Kage stance van nec 1 ct\h Cy ne T subsotite 09 yputube, BF Genginerdmath — 1 Cy ot Erte, Qr= Qi= Qin Nee Ny Natit Na Te? T= LF IN Qr2 ON Cy Cyt Gta ton Qy* QrtQ,t wt Qn Nr Nye A= a 7 Tye Lit Tatwt Ty Oy = CN; l= Nad dL L= inductance, () ‘Henny UA)= 4 ~~is Subsofilte on youtube, Bf we ate Gengnerdmath ot Joseph ice a edt +L tts) ome ) An wits 4 a thea shot civout +> DC 2) The carent through an crductor aan wat change ener ; A dis continuons Gharye ww cartent Ahebugn He nduchor yequtes nik. Yoltoge ~whidn is rot prystally posible. ' sha hen idea educa L RC a winding capacatarce i) tats tthe | bre Lat latet by Ny = NA Nat it NW Tye De T,s oe onsubscribe on youtube, 29 @enpinerdinatn PARALLEL INDUCTORS - ™ ee T= |r \I, VI, ly eh Oy 21, Bla 3La Vp Nye Na Ww Tre Dat Ltt In INTEGRATOR 4 7 ~My a TL Nos — ae fq, ViWat + Woe) Ni ; : % DIFFERENTADR: R { of r I PL, Np = ~RC dv G % atSubserilbe, 01, yputuloe, fb A @engnerdmnatn ~ Souvee Free RC Growits _ i No= Ve bs) Vp Jui, Nett) Nee 7 > rte spn oy. BR F=RC |= hwe corstant i “os 36.8% vf No when t=T VU) After GD, He Nolbage 1s at steady state, VA) 4 1% of No ower dissrpaiter shor: p fone m_ exch “fg Ve th pods Vigz Woe PLé)= Ne S74 | cobsctite-on ype 2.9 8 R Genginerdmatn . tt _ by ~2b [ip Watt) = SF pat = J ME gh a —2t = 2Ne stp |t Lore) 2k 7 ° Note: ae $—> 00, We lo) + CNe we 1s the came as WoW) (dissipated vn the ssh) IN|3 Subsorive, 09 yprtue, Bf @enginerdmath REY TD WORRING WITH SOURCE FREE RC CHRCH ITS 1) Find the inibal ~oltoge Vit) =, aunss he capacitur 2) Find tre thmne, uonstant «D ; For R= get the Thevenin vesistarve, uns capacitne formals, - SOUROE FREE RL CIRCUITS, Tq: TG) _ -*h is Lee > | raha pine + + 4G = 7 (i L ZR Se - — tne wnstant . — =F Vat) = UR TRE ° a -2t, Pt) = Vel = T Re bs Dw > $l u-e**) Nolet gg boo» Waloe) —» <* REY TD WORKING WITH SDURCE PREE RL ORCHIDS: 1) Find the inial cutrent Us) =1, Hovoug Whe \nduckor 2) Find Yee thmme, eonstant TP 5 For R= get the Thevenin vesistarte, uns, induct term nals,\4 subpsorloe, 00 youtube, fb -SINGOLARITY FONCTIONS Genginerdmath “umt slep function 0 ,t tre constant Ve Lt ,t>0 3) Find the hme constant, FT, R= Rr coms barmminals of Copacibet NW)= V4) + Cuy—- wore F2 subpsoflte, 00 yartuloe, Aft STEP RESPONSE OF RL CIRCUITS, Gerginerdnatn t=0 . wrductoy!'S ANY v Ly L_le) ~ wmbial cuvvent k@ ® * L = cy Ni 3 mf - —> hme constant L salt . ive »t0 ws (r-E)e” Te find the step ceaponge of any RL Circuits D Find Ye nikial wducht oument ) 06) , td 2) Find the final induct oment ico) ,t30 3) Find the hme constant, 2, R= Rp avs formals of induchot UW) = Wyo) + Lbite) - Lees a NW aoe Ty UB) Wat y- Oo ] \y7 Ve)20 Subsorilve on youtuloe, ffs ZN=0 @ Ae loop Gendinerdinath Net Vit Ve = 0 — ® Rit Ld + + fi ta=0 — © Difterembatnng: Re + _ a -0 —-@® , Bde aL ete = x (p e L dt ‘We ved the initial conattions ( lo) = To and x, xp Fom eq ® Ri) + Ls) £ Nel) =O AW) | \,=O Rat L Oe dit), _ I. (rbt WLP © “dt L The solution of DE tekes the Brin le Ae* >©) Subsfuhiy this @) s+ Rg + 1-0 —®Subsorlbe,on yartulve, Rts Sebving i Ss Gengnerdmath _R RV S= “art & ) “Le KR _ gy 4 S OL (hr “Te or if We let Spe — + d*- w0* S, = TOU = nfk*— Wo™ 1 oe os unere: of Bard 00 | VLC Aasneing foot resonant i anda raped Froqueny DAMPING — gradual loss of shied -onergy due +> resistarce. keother fxm of O is S++ Ws +t Or = 0 — © critical equahors Sit - St l= Age 1,2 Ae 2 [t)= ba t Ue S2t ins bet he A, ard A, ae deterwnned using CUS) and am24 lpsorilbe, on) yputuloe, We om infer thee types of sslutions: — "Geancla ) if h > W. Goverdampedscases) ~the yoots vf the aitical equation ate. veal and weg 7 Sit Sat iw: Meo + Ae tt) a. = + 2) iH A= Wo iC ~+he soots are real and equa iW= (Ast Atye (W Ts. 4 one Hi A ti a we ongtaytl D VF AK< we, (underdanped case > S< -h + paar) = K+ JOM S,2 -A~ nF tr-a*) = 0h — Wa where: Je NAT and Wa? Nudes a SAmping frequen) . ~(a— Jw ih): Ae (A Seay A Ca +)wat ) Wat 5 = et (he, Ae)aS Subsofilte, 09 youtuloe, to Fom Euler's eit : Genginerdmath ~je . eo = ash + ysind e = asd —y sind ibe) = 2 Tay Consmat Heincoat) + A, Cossuut ~ysmoat) eo IG, +A,) coswat + jar As) swat] Li) = (8B, coswat + B, swat) Note: The rosponee, bad a Hine onstant wo aind a. goriod = © f T= 3 b | + fu le t + To ond Ve \) RSy gu cp Ul) ) = S'L=0d @ ode V ie t Lt i, =O 0Lo Subsoribe on ypatube, Bf Vey pt DN ay —s gy Semginerdinatn wT ol vate CG © Ditterentahng av wv au =O— age TTY OG oO dv, 1, Ly=d0/—-¢@ qe * RO dt * To © obtaming chara ctonatic equalhon Sa Res tPA \V= ew Sa* b= g=ne “ ae a z= Three posible Cases: ‘) Duerdamped cage Co > ws) oa V)= pec + Ae 2) Casi Wey = (Av MEEuF Subsorilte on ypurtuloe, Bf 3) “Under damped case Col 4 We) Gengnordmath Syr= —A ¥ j WS Was Vo? a WUE) = © ** (Ag cos yt + 4, 1nadat ) The wnebants Aq ard by ore deterred trom mitial Value. Vw) and ae ) To find ai , fom 4: ) WO Lie t ¢ AD =o R Ne. + cdlW =D z t |b coe iQ, VIARe ] © ak RCE STEP RESPONSE OF A SERIBS RLC CIRCUIT t=0 yw RO + \‘\@ ™~ cay Aeayg KYL © SI Voz DO oworrd lowe Ne iNy + N = Ns2% Subserile 09 youtube Ro : : Q@ d\ — Y= No a engmnerdmath Ie , RM Ls # ck ra The sclution totes te form: Ve) = Ve CE) + Nboo(t) \ \ teansent L v Sleady-state, veapense respon Vek) isthe same as He transient reponse, Sir gue Fee Grants at Ww: Wes het Dve¥damge| -dt WW) = (ME Rte — artialy dompad ade Vel) * (An cos Wat + Asmat er = urderdarped ——\\\y Vow) = VO") =N8] yy, * There fue NV &)=N\e + Aes Mev = Dvetdamped Ve \yt (thew anti dong VW) = Net (Anns Wat + Apsnwybde o > arden damped29, subsorlve on youtube, Lhe Gengierdinath The Nalues of hy and Ay ote obtained frm wnitial word hors \W8) and yo STEP RESPONSE OF P PARALLEL RLC CIRCUITS: a wl pe |. Ete) eR 3L oY ppiying KeL ST =0 @ rode T rn f j de ervech= ts wut V7 Lge diy iide yl dit RC aR T LO OLS fhe compete solution ks Lue YF belt) L | trargent! Yea sede Yeaponse, ‘Yeoponce,30 Subsorive on youtube Bf @enginerdmath l _ le) 18 the same gs the Vangent reponse Sr sure ie cirants a= Aes hen # -At tw) = (ht Ate — dverdoinged| =~ uritically- domged -dt byt)? (Rats Wat + A,snwst)e —> wderdanped lest) = LW) = I DI, $8 fi Therefore ° L@)= Tot ets he — bweehapad Vw)> ks eave Uw) + Led (hys Wat + Aponudst eo — enderdanged =9 critically. damped