Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Reading Sample
This sample chapter provides an overview of options for available re-
sources and training courses to prepare for the certification exam. It also
discusses various sources that provide SAP HANA documentation and
how to set up your own SAP HANA system to get practical experience.
Finally, it covers techniques for taking the certification exam.
Contents
Index
The Authors
Rudi de Louw
SAP HANA 2.0 Certification Guide
Application Associate Exam
540 Pages, 2018, $79.95
ISBN 978-1-4932-1656-7
www.sap-press.com/4567
Chapter 2
SAP HANA Training
In this chapter, we’ll provide an overview of options for available resources and presentations. However, you don’t have an instructor to ask questions of, and
training courses to prepare for your certification exam. We’ll look into SAP Educa- there is no interaction with others who are learning the same topic. Given that
tion, which makes SAP HANA training courses available for each certification and this type of training normally happens after hours, it requires some discipline.
provides related courses that can enhance your skills and understanding. We’ll 쐍 SAP Learning Hub
also discuss various sources on the Internet that provide SAP HANA documenta- The last training course option is to use the SAP Learning Hub, a service you
tion, video tutorials, how to get hands-on experience, and free online courses. subscribe to yearly. Your subscription grants you access to the entire SAP port-
Finally, we’ll review some techniques for taking the certification exam. folio of e-learning courses across every topic in the cloud, training materials,
some vouchers for taking certification exams, learning rooms, hands-on train-
ing systems, and forums for asking questions. You can find further details about
SAP Education Training Courses the SAP Learning Hub at https://training.sap.com/shop/learninghub.
You can attend SAP official training courses in a couple of different ways. These
Tip
training course options provide flexibility for learning and access to relevant
After you’ve joined the SAP Learning Hub, we recommend that you join the SAP
materials, so you can customize your studies to your lifestyle. HANA Modeling Learning Room. This is by far the largest and most active room,
These different types of training courses include the following: and it’s very helpful while preparing for this exam.
쐍 Classroom training
The first and most obvious option is classroom training, in which you attend You can also look at the Learning Journey for SAP HANA modeling at https://train-
SAP HANA courses in a classroom with a trainer for a few days. Classroom train- ing.sap.com/learning/journey/sap-hana-modeling. This shows the preceding points
ing courses provide a printed manual and a system through which you can to you in a semi-graphical chart.
practice and perform exercises. At the end of the week, you’ll walk away with a In the next two sections, we’ll discuss SAP HANA training courses specific to the
better understanding of what is described in that training material. certification exams and additional courses related to SAP HANA that may prove
Classroom training is a popular option that allows individuals to focus on learn- useful in your learning.
ing in an environment in which they can ask questions, perform exercises, dis-
cuss information with other students, and get away from their offices and
emails. Training Courses for SAP HANA Certifications
쐍 Virtual classrooms Table 2.1 lists the SAP HANA training courses for the latest C_HANAIMP certifica-
You can also attend SAP courses via virtual classrooms. The virtual approach is tion exams, the length of each course, and each course’s prerequisites, if any.
similar to training in real-life classrooms, but you don’t sit in a physical class-
room with a trainer. Instead, your trainer teaches you via the Internet in a vir- Certification SAP Training Course Length Prerequisites
tual classroom. You still have the ability to ask questions, chat online with other C_HANAIMP_12 HA100, collection 12 2 days N/A
students, and perform exercises. HA300, collection 12 5 days HA100
쐍 E-learning C_HANAIMP_13 HA100, collection 13 2 days N/A
You can participate in the same training courses via e-learning as well. In this
HA300, collection 13 5 days HA100
case, you’re provided with a training manual and an audio recording of course
Table 2.1 SAP Training Courses for C_HANAIMP Certification Exams
40 Chapter 2 SAP HANA Training Other Sources of Information Chapter 2 41
The HA100 training course is the two-day introductory course that everyone must 쐍 BW362
take, regardless of which direction you want to go with SAP HANA. HA100 pro- If you come from an SAP Business Warehouse (SAP BW) background, BW362 is a
vides a quick introduction to SAP HANA architecture, the different concepts of related course that might help you. This course shows how you can build infor-
in-memory computing, modeling, data provisioning (how to get data into SAP mation models with SAP BW on SAP HANA.
HANA), and how to use SAP HANA information models in reports. 쐍 HA400
The HA300 training course goes into more detail on the SAP HANA modeling con- If you come from an ABAP background, you should think about attending the
cepts and the security aspects of SAP HANA. HA400 training course. It takes the knowledge that you gained in HA100 and
HA300 and shows you how to apply that knowledge in your ABAP development
As of SPS 10, the HA300 training course has been expanded from three to five days
environment. You’ll learn that the ways in which you access the SAP HANA
and now includes related topics previously found only in the HA360 and HA900
information models and interface with the SAP HANA database are completely
courses. Now, you only need to take the HA100 and HA300 courses to prepare for
different from the ways to perform similar tasks in all the other databases
the certification exam.
you’ve used through the years.
Tip SAP Education offers a wide variety of courses to enhance your skills and further
All the answers to the associate-level SAP HANA certification exams are guaran- your career. However, it’s important to know what resources are available outside
teed to be somewhere in the official SAP training material. the classroom as well. In the next section, we’ll look at additional resources for
continued learning.
As noted earlier, the http://help.sap.com website provides all the PDFs for you to weeks long, and every week you’ll take a test. All the tests together are worth 50%
read, which is great if you like reading and you want the PDFs on your tablet or of your total score. In the last week, you take an exam that is worth the other 50%
phone, for example. On the other hand, the SAP HANA Academy YouTube channel of your score. At the end of the course, you receive a certificate of attendance, and
is good if you prefer visual learning, and it may be more practical. if you performed well, the certificate will show your score. If appropriate, the cer-
tificate will also show that you were in the top 10% or top 20% of your class.
openSAP Note
Next up to consider is the openSAP website (https://open.sap.com/courses?topic= The openSAP certificates don’t hold the same weight as the official SAP Education
SAP%20HANA), which provides many free training courses on a large variety of certifications.
This website frequently adds new online training courses, some of which focus on
SAP HANA. When new training courses become available, you can enroll in them.
Every week, you’ll receive a few video clips. These courses are normally four to six
48 Chapter 2 SAP HANA Training Hands-On with SAP HANA Chapter 2 49
In the following sections, we’ll look at the following options in greater detail: using
a free SAP Cloud Platform account, paying a cloud provider for the computing
resources, or running SAP HANA on your own machine.
Let’s start with the cheapest and easiest way to get your own SAP HANA system:
the free SAP Cloud Platform account. Figure 2.8 shows https://account.hana-
trial.ondemand.com/, where you can get a free account on the SAP Cloud Platform.
After a quick registration process, you’ll gain access to SAP Cloud Platform.
To learn how to set up your own account on SAP Cloud Platform, you can read the
Get Started with SAP Cloud Platform information on https://help.sap.com/viewer/
p/CP.
The free account on SAP Cloud Platform has some restrictions. You don’t get a lot
Figure 2.7 SAP HANA System Options of memory for loading large datasets, and the cloud platform is shared with many
50 Chapter 2 SAP HANA Training Hands-On with SAP HANA Chapter 2 51
other users. However, SAP Cloud Platform is an excellent choice to get going
quickly, and it doesn’t cost you anything.
The next option is to get your own SAP HANA system on the AWS cloud or the
Microsoft Azure Cloud. While the developer license for SAP HANA is free from SAP,
you still need to pay for the hosted solution on AWS or Microsoft.
Both the AWS and the Microsoft Azure Cloud offerings are ideal for learning more
about SAP HANA in a practical manner. They’re both quite inexpensive, as long as
you remember to switch things off when you’re finished—that is, essentially
pressing a pause button on your SAP HANA system. Otherwise, the cloud provid-
ers will continue charging you for the CPU, the memory, the network, and the disk
space being used. You can also put a limit on your finances to ensure you don’t go
over your budget.
You can create an account on any of these cloud offerings via your own account
with the respective companies. However, the easiest way to create your own SAP
HANA system on AWS or Microsoft Azure Cloud is by using the SAP Cloud Appli- Figure 2.9 SAP Cloud Appliance Library
ance Library at https://cal.sap.com (see Figure 2.9). Registration is also free on this
website. The steps to create your own SAP HANA system on AWS or Microsoft Azure are
found at www.sap.com/developer/tutorials/hana-setup-cloud.html.
After you’re registered, you can select the SAP HANA system you want to create.
Next, you can select the size of the SAP HANA server you require. You can play If you’re a Microsoft MSDN subscriber, you get a certain amount of credit each
around with the various options. Based on the options you select, the cost per hour month for Microsoft Azure Cloud. It may be possible to use that credit to pay for
and the total monthly costs will be displayed. your SAP HANA systems.
Figure 2.10 SAP HANA, Express Edition, on the Google Cloud Platform
The most-asked question from students through the years is for a copy of SAP
Figure 2.11 Download Manager for SAP HANA, Express Edition 2.0
HANA that they can install on their laptops. Finally, you can now do exactly that!
The new SAP HANA, express edition, is compiled so that it can run on your laptop 3. Next, select the functionality you want to use with your copy of SAP HANA,
with all the functionality of the full version of SAP HANA while using less memory. express edition.
Best of all, it’s free for both development and productive use, up to 32 GB of RAM.
SAP HANA, express edition, is available as both a binary installer and a virtual Note
machine image to get you started quickly. The easiest way to get started is to use You need a minimum of 8 GB memory to run SAP HANA, express edition. You
the virtual machine image; in the following steps we’ll discuss how to get you up might need more memory, for example, 12 GB, if you want to use SAP HANA XSA.
and running quickly. (The screens and examples in this book were created with We recommend that you install the Server + applications virtual machine, as
SAP HANA, express edition.) shown in Figure 2.11. This option includes SAP HANA XSA and is what we use in
this book.
1. From www.sap.com/developer/topics/sap-hana.html, click on the Free Down-
load button, shown earlier in Figure 2.6, or the Download now button, shown
54 Chapter 2 SAP HANA Training Hands-On with SAP HANA Chapter 2 55
Tip
The VMware Workstation 12 Player is free for personal use and can be down-
loaded at www.vmware.com/go/downloadplayer/.
After you’ve installed SAP HANA, express edition, you need to set up the environ- Figure 2.12 SAP HANA XSA Up and Running with Available Apps
ment so that you can start using it for information modeling.
You can follow the steps at www.sap.com/developer/how-tos/2016/09/hxe-howto- 4. Create your own user by opening the XS Advanced Administration app screen
tutorialprep.html for setting it up, and then go to the SAP HANA, express edition, and logging in with the XSA_ADMIN user. You’ll see an SAP Fiori launchpad, as
tutorials at www.sap.com/developer/topics/sap-hana-express.tutorials.html. shown in Figure 2.13. Open User Management, and create a new user.
However, the following steps will help you set up your SAP system so that you can
get to the screens we’ll show in this book:
1. Make sure your hosts file contains a reference to hxehost as described in the
Getting Started guide.
2. Check if the XS Engine is up and running by opening http://hxehost:8090 in
your browser.
Hint
We recommend that you use the Google Chrome browser.
3. Check that SAP HANA XSA and services are running by opening https://hxe-
host:39030. This will show you a list of apps that are running and their web
addresses. You can open any of these apps by clicking on their web addresses.
Check that the XSA-ADMIN and WEBIDE apps are running as shown in Figure
2.12. If you see the Web app running, it means you’ve also installed the SHINE
demo application.
Figure 2.13 XS Advanced Administration App
56 Chapter 2 SAP HANA Training Hands-On with SAP HANA Chapter 2 57
5. Add your new user to the development space. – If you’ve already installed SHINE during the SAP HANA, you can open the
6. Open Organization and Space Management. You’ll see two spaces named devel- Web app. Click on the icon in the top-right corner. This will download a ZIP
opment and SAP, as shown in Figure 2.14. file to your local machine with the SHINE source code. In the WEBIDE app,
7. Select the development space. You should see that the XSA_ADMIN and XSA_ open the menu, and select File 폷 Import 폷 From File System. Then select the ZIP
DEV users are already in this space. file from SHINE on your local machine.
8. Click on the + Add User button, select your user, and click the OK button. 12. Next, set the space where you want to work in the Project Settings for your
project. As shown in Figure 2.15, select the second-level node (called your proj-
9. Select the Developer checkbox next to your user name, and click the Save but-
ect), and right-click on the name. In the popup context menu, select Project
ton. Your user is now added to the development space.
Settings.
13. On the next screen, select Space, and then choose the development space from
the dropdown list. This is the same space you added your user to earlier. Click
Save and then Close.
10. Open the WEBIDE app. We’ll spend a lot of time in the SAP Web IDE for SAP
HANA. In Chapter 4, we’ll describe it in more detail.
11. Log in with your new user. SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA won’t have any content. Figure 2.15 SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA: Configuring Project Settings for a Project
To get up and running quickly, you can clone or import the source code of the
SHINE SAP HANA XSA demo application. A few tips are as follows: 14. The last step is to build your SHINE application. At the moment, you only have
– The easiest way to get the source code for SHINE is to clone it from GitHub. the source code, but you want it to create a schema, users, tables with data,
Open the menu, and select File 폷 Git 폷 Clone Repository. When asked for a Git information models, and much more for you. This is accomplished by building
Repository, enter the public GitHub address where the SAP HANA SHINE your project. As shown in Figure 2.16, select the second-level node (called your
resides, that is, “https://github.com/SAP/hana-shine-xsa”. The SAP Web IDE project), and right-click on the name. In the popup context menu, select Build.
for SAP HANA will download all the source code, information models, and 15. After the core-db module has been built, you can open it. Open the src folder,
design-time objects for you. then the models folder, and open the PRODUCTS.hdbcalculationview model.
You should see something that looks like Figure 2.17.
58 Chapter 2 SAP HANA Training Hands-On with SAP HANA Chapter 2 59
Tip
If you don’t know which deployment option is the best option for you, takea look
at https://blogs.sap.com/2017/10/02/quick-deployment-options-for-hana-express-
on-the-cloud/ for some advice.
You can also install SAP HANA on a server. You’ll need some certified hardware, an
operating system, and the SAP HANA software. Note that you’ll need a registered
S-user name and password before you can download the SAP HANA software. If
you’re an existing SAP customer or SAP partner, you can ask your system admin-
istrator for a logon user.
The requirements for the hardware and how to install the SAP HANA software can
be found at https://help.sap.com/viewer/p/SAP_HANA_PLATFORM.
Note
Figure 2.16 SAP Web IDE on SAP HANA: Building the SHINE Demo Application
It’s recommended that you use a machine with a minimum of 24 GB or 32 GB of
memory. The standard edition of SAP HANA won’t start on a machine with less
than 16 GB of memory. If you have less memory, you should use SAP HANA,
express edition.
The certified operating systems for SAP HANA are SUSE Linux Enterprise Server
for SAP Applications and Red Hat Enterprise Linux for SAP HANA. You can find the
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications at www.suse.com/products/sles-
for-sap/. Or, you can get a copy of Red Hat Enterprise Linux for SAP HANA from
www.redhat.com/en/resources/red-hat-enterprise-linux-sap-hana.
You’ll also need to download a copy of the SAP HANA software from https://
launchpad.support.sap.com/#/softwarecenter/. In the alphabetical list of products,
select H, choose SAP In-Memory (SAP HANA), and then choose HANA Platform Edi-
tion. Then follow the instructions in installation guides on https://help.sap.com/
viewer/p/SAP_HANA_PLATFORM.
Project Examples
Figure 2.17 SAP Web IDE on SAP HANA: Showing an SAP HANA Graphical Information Model After you have your own SAP HANA system, the next step is to start using it. In this
section, we’ll discuss how to start working on SAP HANA projects and how you can
Congratulations! You now have a fully working SAP HANA system. use the SHINE demo package or create your own project.
60 Chapter 2 SAP HANA Training Hands-On with SAP HANA Chapter 2 61
Using the SHINE Demo Package The next step is to think about creating a report that can analyze the performance
of a particular dataset. This is a good exercise because you’ll have to take end-user
One option to get some practice in SAP HANA is to explore the content available in
requirements and learn how to translate them into the required SAP HANA infor-
the SHINE demo package. We’ll use the SHINE demo throughout this book. It’s
mation models. Then, you’ll design and create these models. Finally, you can
fully documented and is used by SAP as an example for how to develop SAP HANA
expand these information models into an application.
applications. You can see what the SHINE demo application looks like in Figure
2.18. You can also look at incorporating something such as SAP Lumira to easily create
attractive storyboards. You can download a free copy of SAP Lumira from https://
saplumira.com/.
Figure 2.18 SHINE (SAP HANA Interactive Education) for SAP HANA XS Advanced Model
You can also think up your own projects. You can start very simply by just learning
to work with individual topics discussed in the book. Examples can include things
such as fuzzy text search, currency conversion, input parameters, hierarchies, and
spatial joins. You can also add some security on top of this, for example, to limit
the data for a single user to just one year.
Figure 2.19 Datahub
62 Chapter 2 SAP HANA Training Exam Questions Chapter 2 63
쐍 Datahub
Datahub is a website and free open data management system that can be used With which of the following do you build the
vocabulary of a decision table?
Which of the following SAP data provisioning
methods provide complex transformations?
What does SAP HANA smart data integration
use for data provisioning?
to get, use, and share data. At https://datahub.io/ (Figure 2.19), you can find Note: There are 2 correct answers to this question. Note: There are 3 correct answers to this question.
more than 10,000 datasets. (If you can’t find what you’re searching for, look at Actions SAP Data Services SAP HANA smart data access
the old site at https://old.datahub.io/dataset.) Attributes SAP HANA smart data access SAP HANA analytics streaming
Both types of multiple-response questions use checkboxes, and you must select
Types of Questions however many answers are correct.
An international team sets up the SAP HANA certification exams. All the questions All three types of questions have exactly the same weight. You either get a ques-
are written in English, and all the communication is in English. Because the exam tion right or you get it wrong. It’s a binary system: 0 or 1.
teams are international, a lot of attention is focused on making sure that every- For a multiple-response question with two correct and two incorrect answers, you
body will understand what is meant by each question, avoiding possible double must select two answers. If you select three answers or one answer, you don’t
meanings or ambiguities. receive any points. If you select two answers and they are the correct two answers,
Figure 2.20 shows three types of questions that you’ll find in the certification then you earn a point.
exam.
Tip
The first question is multiple choice. The radio buttons indicate that you can only
Select as many answers as are required! If you’re certain that an option is correct,
choose one of the four available answer options. There will be three or four differ-
select it. If you’re doubtful about an answer, at least select the correct number of
ent options, with only one correct answer. (Most of the time there will be four answers. If you don’t select anything, you won’t earn any points. Even if you plan
answer options. This certification exam is one of the first SAP exams where a few to come back to the question later, we still recommend that you select the exact
questions will have only three answer options for this type of question. The older number of answer options required.
exams always had four options.)
64 Chapter 2 SAP HANA Training Exam Questions Chapter 2 65
Multiple-choice questions normally make up the majority of the questions for the Now that we’ve looked at the general structure of SAP certification exam ques-
associate-level core exams. More than half of the questions will have only one cor- tions, let’s look at the strategy of elimination in the exam.
rect answer and two or three incorrect answers.
General Examination Strategies knowledge and skills, and where to get hands-on experience. In addition, we intro-
duced many free sources of information on the Internet, training videos on You-
The following are some good tips, tricks, and strategies to help you during an
Tube, and online courses at openSAP.
exam:
You can now form a winning strategy for taking your SAP certification exam. In
쐍 If you have the SAP training manuals, read them twice. Pay attention to pages
the next chapter, we’ll begin looking at exam questions and concepts, focusing
with lots of bullet points because that means there are normally lots of options,
first on the architecture and deployment scenarios of SAP HANA.
and these are likely good sources for questions.
쐍 For this associate-level certification exam, when using this book, read the entire
chapters and answer all the questions. If you don’t get the answers right or don’t
understand the question, re-read that section. This is the equivalent of reading
the SAP training materials twice.
쐍 Make sure that you’ve answered all the questions and that you’ve selected the
correct number of answer options. If the question says that three answers are
correct, then make sure that you’ve marked three—not four or two.
쐍 Occasionally, you’ll find answer options that are opposites—for example, X is
true, and X is NOT true. In that case, make sure you select one of the pair.
쐍 In our experience with SAP HANA certification exams, the answers from one
question don’t provide answers to another question. SAP Education is careful to
make sure that this doesn’t happen in its exams.
쐍 Watch out for certain trigger words. Alarm bells should go off when you see
only, must, and always.
쐍 Look out for impossible combinations. For example, if a question is about mea-
sures, then the answer can’t be something to do with dimension calculation
views because you can’t find measures for such views.
쐍 Some words can be different in different countries. For example, some people
talk about a right-click menu, but in other places in the world, this same feature
is known as a context menu. This is the menu that pops up in a specific context,
and you access this menu by right-clicking.
쐍 Make sure you get a good night’s rest before the exam.
Summary
You should now know which SAP Education training courses you can attend for
your certification examination, which related SAP courses will complement your
7
Contents
Acknowledgments .............................................................................................................................. 15
Preface .................................................................................................................................................... 17
Exam Questions ................................................................................................................... 62 Creating SAP HANA Design-Time Objects ................................................................ 142
Types of Questions ........................................................................................................... 62 Building and Managing Information Models .......................................................... 148
Elimination Technique .................................................................................................... 65 Refactoring .......................................................................................................................... 155
Bookmark Questions ........................................................................................................ 65 Important Terminology .................................................................................................... 160
General Examination Strategies ................................................................................... 66 Practice Questions ............................................................................................................... 161
Summary ................................................................................................................................. 66 Practice Question Answers and Explanations ........................................................ 163
Takeaway ................................................................................................................................ 165
Summary ................................................................................................................................. 165
3 Architecture, Deployment Scenarios,
and Use Cases 69
Objectives of This Portion of the Test ........................................................................ 216 Objectives of This Portion of the Test ........................................................................ 303
Key Concepts Refresher .................................................................................................... 217 Key Concepts Refresher .................................................................................................... 304
Data Sources for Information Views .......................................................................... 218 SQL ..................................................................................................................................... 304
Calculation Views: Type Dimension, Type Cube, and Type Cube SQLScript .............................................................................................................................. 310
with Star Join ................................................................................................................. 218 Views, Functions, and Procedures ............................................................................... 324
Working with Nodes ........................................................................................................ 230 Catching Up with SAP HANA 2.0 .................................................................................. 326
Semantics Node ................................................................................................................. 239 Important Terminology .................................................................................................... 327
Important Terminology .................................................................................................... 244 Practice Questions ............................................................................................................... 327
Practice Questions .............................................................................................................. 245 Practice Question Answers and Explanations ........................................................ 332
Practice Question Answers and Explanations ........................................................ 250 Takeaway ................................................................................................................................ 335
Takeaway ................................................................................................................................ 252 Summary ................................................................................................................................. 336
Summary ................................................................................................................................. 253
Objectives of This Portion of the Test ........................................................................ 372 Objectives of This Portion of the Test ........................................................................ 431
Key Concepts Refresher .................................................................................................... 373 Key Concepts Refresher .................................................................................................... 431
Architecture and Performance ..................................................................................... 373 Background Information ................................................................................................ 432
Redesigned and Optimized Applications .................................................................. 374 SAP HANA Live .................................................................................................................... 435
Effects of Good Performance ........................................................................................ 375 SAP S/4HANA Embedded Analytics ............................................................................ 447
Information Modeling Techniques ............................................................................. 376 Important Terminology .................................................................................................... 451
Optimization Tools ........................................................................................................... 377
Best Practices for Optimization .................................................................................... 386
Practice Questions ............................................................................................................... 452
Important Terminology .................................................................................................... 388 Practice Question Answers and Explanations ........................................................ 456
Practice Question Answers and Explanations ........................................................ 392 Summary ................................................................................................................................. 459
Index
A B
ABAP ......................................................................... 471 Backups ............................................................... 84, 85
ABAP Data Dictionary ....................................... 449 Best practices ........................................................ 199
Accelerator deployment ...................................... 92 BICS ........................................................................... 282
profitability analysis ........................................ 92 Big data ........................................................... 375, 477
ACID-compliant database ................................... 83 limitations ......................................................... 478
Advanced DSOs .................................................... 519 BIGINT ...................................................................... 334
Affinity propagation .......................................... 350 Blue-green deployment .................................... 122
Aggregation ........................................ 194, 201, 374 Bookmark questions ............................................. 65
Aggregation node .......... 231, 245, 246, 248, 251 Bottleneck ................................................................. 77
calculated column .......................................... 258 Branch logic ........................................................... 387
restricted column ........................................... 263 Bring your own language (BYOL) .................. 128
Algorithms ............................................................. 349 Bring-your-own-license .................................... 102
Amazon Web Services (AWS) ... 47, 50, 102, 108 Build process ...................................... 117, 119, 160
American National Standards Business Function Library (BFL) .................... 352
Institute (ANSI) ................................................ 304 Business information ........................................ 499
Analytic privileges ........................... 416, 423, 427 Business intelligence ................................ 499, 500
assign to role .................................................... 417 choosing the right tool ................................. 516
Analytics ....................................................... 503, 520 consuming information models .............. 501
API ............................................................................. 345 convergence of tools ..................................... 503
SAP HANA simple info access (SINA) ...... 345 data discovery ................................................. 511
SAP HANA Text Analysis XSA .................... 347 history ................................................................. 502
Application Function Library (AFL) ... 310, 352 reporting ............................................................ 515
Application privileges ....................................... 421 self-service ......................................................... 508
Applications, redesign and optimize .......... 374 tools ............................................................ 287, 505
Apply Privileges property ................................ 424 Business Intelligence Consumer
Apriori algorithm ................................................ 349 Services (BICS) ..................... 470, 490, 510, 522
Architect ..................................................................... 27 BW362 .................................................................. 30, 41
Architecture .......................... 69, 77, 104, 373, 388
Associated container ......................................... 403 C
Association algorithms ..................................... 349
Asynchronous replication .................................. 87 C_HANADEV ............................................................ 30
Attributes .................................. 167, 185, 187, 201 C_HANAIMP ............................................................. 29
calculated column .......................................... 260 C_HANAIMP_13 .............................................. 17, 26
restricted column ........................................... 263 scoring ................................................................... 34
restrictions ........................................................ 419 C_HANATEC ...................................................... 29, 30
Authentications ................................................... 400 C4.5 decision tree ................................................ 352
Authorization Assistant ................................... 398 Caching .................................................................... 193
Authorizations ........................................... 387, 400 Calculated column ....... 168, 255, 257, 289, 291,
292, 308, 309
analytic view .................................................... 294
counter ................................................................ 261
530 Index Index 531
Distributed database ............................................ 83 Fields (Cont.) H Information views ..................................... 418, 509
Documentation ................................................... 147 rename ............................................................... 247 characteristics ................................................. 324
Domain fix values .................. 268, 269, 290, 292 Filter ......................... 239, 267, 376, 383, 386, 425 HA100 ......................................................................... 40 data source .............................................. 218, 248
Dynamic expression ............................. 255, 268, 290, 294 HA215 ......................................................................... 40 layered ................................................................ 417
join ....................................................................... 226 operations ......................................................... 255 HA300 ......................................................................... 40 parameterized ................................................. 304
SQL .............................................................. 313, 325 variable .............................................................. 269 HA400 ......................................................................... 41 performance ..................................................... 391
tiering ..................................................................... 89 Flat file ..................................................................... 486 HA450 ......................................................................... 40 Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) .......... 101, 126
Dynamic join ............................ 181, 182, 201, 377 use case .............................................................. 488 Hard disk .................................................................... 72 Initial load ........................................... 467, 473, 489
Dynamic restrictions ......................................... 420 For loop ................................................................... 313 Hardware ................................................................... 59 In-memory ......................................................... 76, 80
Formulas ................................................................. 229 HDB module ................................................ 138, 160 data movement .................................................. 78
E Free system .............................................................. 47 HDI .................................................................. 126, 130 technology ................................. 69, 71, 103, 390
Freestyle search ................................................... 344 HDI containers .................................. 160, 402, 404 Inner join ................ 173–177, 200, 202, 209, 226
E_HANAAW ABAP certification ....................... 30 Full outer join .................................... 173, 175, 226 security ............................................................... 403 Input parameter .. 168, 255, 273, 276, 277, 290
E_HANABW SAP BW on SAP HANA Full-text index ................ 340, 342, 345, 364, 365 Hidden fields ......................................................... 228 create ................................................................... 274
certification ......................................................... 30 column ................................................................ 342 Hierarchy ................................... 167, 198, 255, 282 date ...................................................................... 276
E_HANAINS installation certification ........... 30 hidden column ................................................ 342 create ................................................................... 283 expression ......................................................... 275
E-learning .................................................................. 38 Function ................................................................. 306 Orphan Nodes .................................................. 284 mapping ............................................................. 276
Elimination technique ......................................... 65 Fuzzy text search 310, 318, 327, 337, 340, 341, shared .................................................................. 287 type .............................................................. 273, 290
Enterprise data warehouse (EDW) ................... 97 343, 364 SQL access .......................................................... 287 Insert-only ................................................................. 82
Entity analysis ...................................................... 345 alternative names .......................................... 343 value help .......................................................... 287 principle ............................................................. 374
Exam fuzzy threshold value ................................... 344 High availability ........................................... 83, 109 International Organization for
objectives .............................................................. 32 shared disk storage ........................................... 83 Standardization (ISO) ................................... 304
process ................................................................... 35 G Hot data ...................................................................... 89 Internet of Things (IoT) .................. 118, 375, 483
questions .............................................................. 62 HTML5 ................................................................. 95, 96 Interval ........................................................... 270, 290
structure ................................................................ 34 Geocoding ..................................................... 358, 481 Hybrid cloud ............................................... 102, 105 Invoker .................................................................... 316
EXEC statement ................................................... 313 GeoJSON ................................................................. 360 security ............................................................... 334
Expression ............................................................. 305 Geospatial processing ....................................... 354 I
Expression Editor ................................................ 261 Gerrit ........................................................................ 124 J
calculated column ......................................... 259 Git ..................................................................... 123, 160 Identifier ....................................................... 305, 306
elements ............................................................. 259 GitHub ........................................................................ 56 Identity Provider (IdP) ....................................... 128 Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) ..... 469, 489
functions area .................................................. 259 Google ...................................................................... 339 Identity Provider (IdP) system ....................... 401 JavaScript ......................................................... 95, 122
operators area ................................................. 260 Google Cloud Platform ........................................ 51 if() ............................................................................... 259 server-side ............................................................. 96
restricted column ........................................... 264 Grammatical Role Analysis (GRA) ................ 347 Imperative logic ................................ 312, 329, 387 Jenkins ..................................................................... 125
Extended storage ................................................... 89 Graph ....................................................................... 337 Index server .................................................... 86, 110 Join 168, 170, 172, 176, 200, 215, 225, 325, 379
Extract semantics ............................................... 242 Graph modeling .................................................. 337 InfoCube ....................................................... 518, 521 basic ..................................................................... 173
Extract, transform, load (ETL) ............... 465, 489 Graph node ......................................... 231, 245, 249 InfoObject ............................................................... 519 dynamic join .................................................... 181
Extraction ............................................................... 465 Graph processing ............................. 360, 361, 364 Information model performance ..................................................... 390
Cypher ................................................................. 362 build ..................................................................... 191 referential join ................................................. 176
F edge ...................................................................... 362 building .............................................................. 148 relocation .......................................................... 477
GraphScript ...................................................... 362 concepts ............................................................. 167 self-join ............................................................... 175
Facets ....................................................................... 185 pattern matching ........................................... 363 consumption .................................................... 499 spatial join ........................................................ 180
Fact tables ............... 167, 185, 187, 188, 192, 201 vertices ................................................................ 362 refactoring ...................................... 117, 155, 161 star join .............................................................. 188
Fault-tolerant text search ....................... 340, 343 Graphical data model ........................................ 112 SAP BW ................................................................ 518 temporal join ................................................... 179
Fields Graphical flowgraph model ............................ 352 SAP HANA XSA ................................................ 518 text join .............................................................. 178
hide ...................................................................... 247 Graphical information model ................ 78, 386 techniques ......................................................... 376 type ....................................................................... 173
original ............................................................... 247 Grouping set ......................................................... 387 utilization .......................................................... 192
output ................................................................. 226 Grubbs' test algorithm ...................................... 351 Information modeler ............................................ 27
534 Index Index 535
Join node .................................... 224, 232, 235, 245 Microsoft Excel .................................................... 522 OData .......................................................... 40, 95, 488 Predictive Analysis Library (PAL) ........ 349, 354,
calculated column ......................................... 258 on SAP HANA ................................................... 509 service .................................................................. 343 364, 367
filter ...................................................................... 268 Microsoft Live Office ......................................... 507 ODBO driver .......................................................... 508 algorithms ......................................................... 351
Microsoft Office integration ................. 505, 517 OLAP ............................ 75, 106, 373, 432, 503, 520 Predictive analytics ................................... 503, 520
K Microsoft PowerPoint ....................................... 507 OLTP ................................................ 75, 106, 373, 432 Prescriptive analytics ............................... 503, 520
Modeling One-to-many cardinality ................................. 172 Primary storage ...................................................... 84
Keep flag ................................................................. 229 best practices ................................................... 326 One-to-one cardinality ...................................... 172 Private cloud ................................................ 102, 105
Kerberos ............................................... 409, 425, 427 process ....................................................... 117, 119 Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) 469, 489 Private view .................................................. 437, 451
Key field .................................................................. 170 role .............................................................. 411, 417 Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) ........... 359 Privileges ............................................. 395, 399, 423
Key figure ............................................................... 185 tools ..................................................................... 117 Open ODS views ................................................... 519 analytic privilege ............................................ 416
K-means .................................................................. 350 Model-view-controller (MVC) ................. 95, 518 openSAP ..................................................................... 46 application privilege ..................................... 421
Monitoring role ................................................... 411 certification ......................................................... 47 object privilege ................................................ 415
L Moore’s Law ............................................................. 71 Operating system ................................................... 59 system privilege .............................................. 415
MTA .......................................................................... 129 Operational reporting ............................. 451, 453 type ....................................................................... 414
Language ....................................................... 316, 320 mta.yaml ................................................................ 140 Operator ........................................................ 264, 305 Procedure .................................. 320, 324, 327, 330
detection ............................................................ 341 Multi-cloud ............................................................ 103 Optimization ......................................................... 371 characteristics ................................................. 325
Lazy load .......................................................... 86, 114 Multicore CPUs ........................................... 373, 390 best practices .................................................... 386 create ................................................................... 320
Left outer join 173, 175, 179, 200, 209, 226, 390 Multidimensional expressions tools ..................................................................... 377 parameter .......................................................... 321
Level hierarchy ..... 198, 199, 282, 283, 291, 293 (MDX) ......................................................... 469, 508 Outlier ...................................................................... 351 read-only ............................................................ 323
geographic ........................................................ 284 Multilevel aggregation ..................................... 323 Outlier detection algorithms ......................... 351 Professionally authored .......................... 506, 517
Line of business (LOB) ....................................... 506 Multilinestring ..................................................... 356 Output field ................................................. 170, 226 Projection ............................................ 194, 201, 308
Linestring ............................................................... 356 Multiple-choice question ................................... 62 Projection node ................................. 232, 245, 291
Link prediction analysis algorithms ........... 350 Multiple-response questions ............................ 63 P calculated column ......................................... 258
Load .......................................................................... 465 Multipoint .............................................................. 355 filter ...................................................................... 268
Log Multipolygon ........................................................ 356 Package privileges ............................................... 422 Proof-of-concept (POC) ..................................... 486
backup ................................................................... 86 Multistore table ...................................................... 89 Page manager ......................................... 84, 86, 114 Proxy table ............................................................. 476
buffer ...................................................................... 86 Multistore tables ................................................. 110 Pages ............................................................................ 84 Pruning configuration table ........................... 237
volume ......................................................... 86, 114 Multi-target application ................................... 129 Parallelism ...................................................... 79, 374 Public cloud ........................................ 102, 104, 112
Log replication ........................................................ 87 Multitenancy ........................................................ 100 Parameter ............................................................... 321
Log-based replication ........................................ 474 Multitenant Database Container Parent-child hierarchy 198, 199, 208, 282, 284 Q
Loop ....................................................... 329, 333, 387 (MDC) .................................................. 99, 218, 244 Partitioned table ..................................................... 84
Partitioning .............................................................. 84 Query ........................................................................ 305
M N Performance .......................................................... 373 Query unfolding .................................................. 387
Performance Analysis Mode ...... 372, 377, 378, Query view .......................................... 437, 439, 452
Machine learning ................................................ 375 Namespace ............................................................ 152 389, 392, 394
Managed cloud as a service (MCaaS) ........... 101 Nodes .............................................................. 215, 230 Persistence layer ............................. 69, 82, 83, 104 R
Many-to-many cardinality .............................. 172 NoSQL databases .................................................... 83 PL/SQL ...................................................................... 304
Many-to-one cardinality .................................. 172 NULL ...................................................... 306, 328, 333 Platform as a service (PaaS) ................... 101, 123 R language ....................................................... 95, 334
Mapping property ........................... 228, 247, 250 Point ......................................................................... 355 RAM ............................................................................. 73
Master data ................................ 189, 201, 210, 246 O Polygon ................................................................... 356 Range ............................................................... 270, 290
Materialized view ................................................ 171 PostGIS ..................................................................... 359 Rank node ............................................ 232, 245, 247
Measures ................ 167, 185, 188, 201, 203, 210 Object Linking and Embedding, Database Predicate ................................................................. 305 dynamic partition element ........................ 249
calculated column ......................................... 260 (OLE DB) ............................................................. 490 Predicates list ........................................................ 356 sorting ................................................................. 232
restricted column ........................................... 263 Object Linking and Embedding, Database for Predictive ................................................................ 349 Ranking .......................................................... 194, 201
Microservices ..................................... 118, 122, 128 Online Analytical Processing .................... 469 modeling ......................................... 337, 349, 352 RDSync ..................................................................... 484
Microsoft Azure Cloud .................................. 47, 50 Object privileges ......................................... 415, 423 Reads SQL data ..................................................... 320
536 Index Index 537
SAP HANA XSA (Cont.) SCORE() function ................................................. 344 Spatial (Cont.) Star join ................................................................... 188
security concepts ............................................ 400 Search ...................................................................... 341 functions ............................................................ 359 referential join ................................................. 188
SAP HANA, developer edition ........................... 47 Seasonal pattern .................................................. 349 import data ....................................................... 359 views ................................................. 189, 192, 201
SAP HANA, express edition ................. 47, 51, 54 Secondary storage ................................................. 84 join .............. 180, 200, 226, 248, 251, 354, 356 Star join node ..................................... 245, 248, 251
local system ......................................................... 52 Security ................................................ 313, 387, 395 join type .............................................................. 310 calculated column ......................................... 258
SAP Help .................................................................... 41 concepts .................................................... 397, 399 processing ....................................... 337, 354, 364 data foundation .............................................. 234
SAP Hybris ............................................................. 101 HDI ....................................................................... 400 properties ........................................................... 356 restricted column ........................................... 263
SAP Landscape Transformation Replication SAP HANA as a database ............................ 397 SQL ................................................... 95, 301, 304, 371 Statement ............................................................... 306
Server ......................................................... 435, 472 SAP HANA as a platform .................... 398, 424 analytic privileges ................................ 241, 425 Static list input parameter ...................... 273, 290
benefits ............................................................... 473 single sign-on ................................................... 409 conditional statement .................................. 309 Stored procedure ................................. 78, 112, 320
features ............................................................... 473 user and role management ........................ 407 creating calculated column ....................... 308 Structured Query Language ................... 304, 327
trigger-based replication ............................ 473 Segmentation ....................................................... 350 creating projections ...................................... 308 Sum ........................................................................... 194
SAP Learning Hub .................................................. 39 SELECT * ................................................ 308, 329, 333 creating tables ................................................. 306 Supervised learning .................................. 350, 367
SAP Leonardo ............................................... 375, 483 Self-join .......................................................... 175, 201 creating union ................................................. 309 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES) ....... 54, 59
SAP Lumira ..................................................... 61, 444 Self-service .................................................... 506, 517 Data Definition Language .......................... 305 Synchronous ......................................................... 114
SAP Lumira 2.0 ............................................ 505, 511 Semantics ............................................................... 197 Data Manipulation Language .................. 305 replication ............................................................ 87
SAP Lumira, designer edition .... 505, 507, 511, Semantics node ................................ 239, 245–247 dynamic ........................................... 313, 329, 333 System privileges ................................................ 415
514, 521, 522 columns tab ...................................................... 241 Expression Editor ............................................ 259
SAPUI5 ................................................................ 515 hide fields .......................................................... 241 filter data ........................................................... 308 T
SAP Lumira, discovery edition .... 505, 507, 511, hierarchy ............................................................ 283 guidelines ........................................................... 387
522 input parameter ............................................. 273 language ............................................................ 305 Table ................................................................ 169, 184
map ...................................................................... 512 renaming fields ............................................... 241 query .................................................................... 383 create ................................................................... 306
storyboard ......................................................... 513 session client .................................................... 240 reading data ..................................................... 307 data source .............................................. 218, 244
SAP Predictive Maintenance and top node ............................................................. 223 security ..................................................... 316, 320 definitions ......................................................... 148
Service ................................................................. 375 variable .............................................................. 270 set-oriented ....................................................... 304 function ........................................... 301, 315, 318
SAP Replication Server ...................................... 474 view properties tab ........................................ 239 Structured Query Language ............. 304, 327 join ........................................................................ 377
benefits ............................................................... 475 Sentiment analysis .................................... 345, 365 view ................................................... 171, 218, 244 left and right ..................................................... 172
log-based replication .................................... 474 Sequential execution ........................................ 321 SQL Analyzer ............................ 380, 381, 389, 394 link ........................................................................ 170
SAP resources .......................................................... 41 Servers ........................................................................ 83 SQL Console .............................. 150, 321, 382, 414 partitioned ................................................. 84, 384
SAP S/4HANA ......................... 80, 90, 96, 112, 426 Set-oriented .................................................. 304, 328 SQL Editor ............................................................... 419 recursive ............................................................. 176
SAP S/4HANA embedded analytics .... 447, 452 SHINE ........................................... 184, 234, 318, 360 SQL Engine ............................................................. 241 select .................................................................... 170
new features ..................................................... 449 Show lineage ................................................ 157, 243 SQL Plan Cache ..................................................... 393 Technical performance tuning experts ........ 27
SAP HANA Live ................................................ 448 Side-by-side deployment .................................... 91 SQLScript ........ 95, 277, 301, 304, 310, 324, 334, Technical user ....................................................... 403
SAP SQL Anywhere ............................................. 484 advantages .......................................................... 91 371, 387, 391 Template roles ...................................................... 411
SAP SQL Data Warehousing ........................ 97, 99 blank system ....................................................... 92 compiler ............................................................. 311 modeling role ................................................... 411
SAP SuccessFactors ............................................. 101 SINA .......................................................................... 345 declarative logic .............................................. 312 monitoring role ............................................... 411
SAP Vora ........................................................ 485, 486 Single sign-on ....................................................... 425 dynamic SQL ..................................................... 313 Temporal join 176, 179, 180, 200, 202, 209, 251
SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA ........... 56, 117, 119, Single value .................................................. 270, 290 for loop ............................................................... 313 Tenants ............................................................. 99, 248
138, 160, 358, 402 Slow disk .................................................................... 75 multilevel aggregation ................................. 323 Text .................................................................. 337, 340
roles ..................................................................... 412 Software ..................................................................... 59 optimizer ............................................................ 311 index .................................................................... 340
UI ........................................................................... 144 Software as a service (SaaS) ............................. 101 procedure ........................................................... 320 Text analysis ...................................... 337, 340, 364
SAPUI5 ................................................... 27, 40, 95, 96 Spaces ...................................................................... 406 security ..................................................... 313, 315 results .................................................................. 347
Savepoint .................................................. 84, 86, 114 Spatial ...................................................................... 337 separate statement ........................................ 310 usage ................................................................... 345
Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG) ....................... 360 data ...................................................................... 355 variable ............................................................... 310 Text join ......... 176, 178, 200, 204, 209, 210, 226
Scalar function .................................. 301, 315, 316 data type ................................................... 310, 327 while loop .......................................................... 313 left outer join .................................................... 179
Scale-out architecture .......................................... 83 data type, supertype ..................................... 355 Standard deviation ............................................. 195 Text mining ..................... 337, 340, 341, 348, 364
Schemas ......................................................... 402, 404 expressions ....................................................... 357 Standard union .................................................... 235 capabilities ............................................... 348, 364
540 Index
Time dimension .................................................. 222 Union node ................................ 235, 245, 246, 291
calculation view .............................................. 221 calculated column ......................................... 258
Time series ............................................................. 350 pruning configuration table ...................... 237
Time-based calculation view ................. 221, 246 User Account and Authorization (UAA) .... 401
Time-based hierarchy ....................................... 198 Users ...................................................... 395, 399, 404
Time-dependent hierarchy ............................. 286 SYSTEM user ..................................................... 406
value help .......................................................... 287
Trace and diagnostic files ................................ 386 V
Training courses ....................................... 28, 39, 40
BW362 ............................................................. 30, 41 Value help .............................................................. 265
HA100 ...................................................... 29, 34, 40 hierarchy ............................................................ 287
HA200 .................................................................... 29 view ............................................................. 438, 452
HA215 ...................................................................... 40 Variable ................... 255, 269, 290, 292, 293, 311
HA300 ...................................................... 29, 34, 40 create .......................................................... 270, 271
HA360 .................................................................... 40 modeling ............................................................ 269
HA400 ............................................................ 30, 41 type ............................................................. 270, 290
HA450 ............................................................. 30, 40 Variance .................................................................. 195
HA900 ................................................................... 40 Views ........................ 167–169, 200, 202, 324, 416
UX402 .................................................................... 40 disappear ........................................................... 171
Transaction Control Language (TCL) ........... 305 save ...................................................................... 171
Transaction manager ........................ 86, 109, 114 Virtual classrooms ................................................. 38
Transactional data .............................................. 201 Virtual data model (VDM) ... 429, 431, 436, 450
Transact-SQL (T-SQL) ......................................... 304 Virtual information model ................................ 21
Transform .............................................................. 465 Virtual machines ................................................. 108
TREAT expression ............................................... 355 Virtual table ........................................ 218, 244, 476
Trigger ..................................................................... 473 vs native table ................................................. 477
Trusted data ................................................. 507, 517 VMware Player ........................................................ 54
Twelve-Factor app ............................................... 122 VMware vSphere .............................. 101, 108, 113
U W
UDF ..................................... 315, 316, 320, 327, 330 Warm data ................................................................ 89
characteristics ................................................. 325 Web applications ................................................. 517
Undelimited identifier ...................................... 306 Web services ................................................... 95, 488
Unicode .......................................................... 306, 473 Well-Known Binary (WKB) .............................. 359
Union ....................... 170, 192, 195, 201, 377, 390 Well-Known Text (WKT) ................................... 359
all .......................................................................... 195 Where-used .................................................. 156, 162
creating .............................................................. 309 While loop .............................................................. 313
empty behavior ............................................... 238 With results view ................................................ 321
pruning ............................................................... 391 Workspace .............................................................. 138
with constant values ............................ 195, 235
First-hand knowledge.
Rudi has been working with SAP HANA since 2010, and he has been invol-
ved from the outset in preparing the SAP HANA certification exams. He has
provided software and technology solutions to businesses for more than 25
years and has a passion for sharing knowledge, mentoring, understanding
new technologies, and finding innovative ways to leverage these skills to help
individuals in their development.
Rudi de Louw
SAP HANA 2.0 Certification Guide
Application Associate Exam
540 Pages, 2018, $79.95 We hope you have enjoyed this reading sample. You may recommend
ISBN 978-1-4932-1656-7 or pass it on to others, but only in its entirety, including all pages. This
reading sample and all its parts are protected by copyright law. All usage
www.sap-press.com/4567 and exploitation rights are reserved by the author and the publisher.