Robles, Gladysdhel S.

October 14, 2019

BBTLED-ICT 2-1 Introduction to ICT Specialization

History of Internet

1957
USSR launches Sputnik into space. In response, the USA creates the Advanced Research
Projects Agency (ARPA) with the mission of becoming the leading force in science and
new technologies. Secretary of Defence Neil McElroy launched the Advanced Research
Projects Agency (ARPA), now known as the Defense Advanced Research Projects
Agency (DARPA). The creation of the agency is an important moment in science history
because it led to the creation of the internet we recognize today.

1962
Paul Baran, a member of the RAND Corporation, determines a way for the Air Force to
control bombers and missiles in case of a nuclear event. His results call for a
decentralized network comprised of packet switches.

1969
ARPA (Advanced Research Projects Agency) goes online in December, connecting four
major U.S. universities. Designed for research, education, and government organizations,
it provides a communications network linking the country in the event that a military
attack destroys conventional communications systems.

1972
Network Control Protocol is introduced to allow computers running on the same network
to communicate with each other.

1973
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is designed and in 1983 to
allow computers on different networks to communicate with each other. It becomes the
standard for communicating between computers over the Internet. One of these protocols,
FTP (File Transfer Protocol), allows users to log onto a remote computer, list the files on
that computer, and download files from that computer.

1974
The first Internet Service Provider (ISP) is born with the introduction of a commercial
version of ARPANET, known as Telenet.

1976
SATNET, a satellite program is developed to link the United States and Europe. Satellites
are owned by a consortium of nations, thereby expanding the reach of the Internet beyond
the USA
1981
The National Science Foundation (NSF) provided a grant to establish the Computer
Science Network (CSNET) to provide networking services to university computer
scientists.

1984
Domain Name System (DNS) is established, with network addresses identified by
extensions such as .com, .org, and .edu. Writer William Gibson coins the term
“cyberspace”. Domain Name System introduced to allow domain names to automatically
be assigned an IP number.

1985
Quantum Computer Services, which later changes its name to America Online, debuts. It
offers email, electronic bulletin boards, news, and other information.

1989
The World (world.std.com) debuts as the first provider of dial-up Internet access for
consumers. Tim Berners-Lee of CERN (European Laboratory for Particle Physics)
develops a new technique for distributing information on the Internet. He calls it the
World Wide Web. The Web is based on hypertext, which permits the user to connect
from one document to another at different sites on the Internet via hyperlinks (specially
programmed words, phrases, buttons, or graphics). Unlike other Internet protocols, such
as FTP and email, the Web is accessible through a graphical user interface.

1990
Advanced Network & Services (ANS) forms to research new ways to make internet
speeds even faster. The group develops the T3 line and installs in on a number of
networks.