by ME.A. McNEIL 'Spivak is something more than a bee researcher and professor at the Univesity of Minnesota, bu! there is no good word that sums her up. {fthere were, It would apply to people who can pick up a stereogram and ‘see its hidden 3-D picture inthe field of abstract images — those who can look at the big picture and pick out ideas that make sense of it lke an athlete who sees a path tothe goal through @ maze of moving bodes. Spa wat ing tong + Norbers enum ook sot ee a shes tpl might abe never cme ot Se ne De Maa Spiakigaat ene tbe ‘yep we te Sh {0 th hive wall with propolis. As ‘seen here, the attached cells will ‘Sometimes also have a thin coat. ing of propolis. (Photo: Michael ‘Simone-Finstrom) pore that she ten egies with it TRePer dohagans Hi shch cco. ‘a lla" pened iow pee ‘resin forager rotun esto a "cementing ste”, where \rorkors wil laboriously unload it ind mix with wax to be used as Fropolis. Spivak and her col- leagues have shown thatthe an- timlcrobial properties of propolis uit the Immune systems of the tees. Here, propolis ean be seen tho tops of two frames. (Pht: Nichael Simone-Finstrom) fd cons ta ac active agin bo fatopear for aura” tit Sport. “OF ese ibe em bap tt er esting eps comport be ee Ti be att coe (ek nt spilt ammo epee, ‘St as ber diewer Once te ace Epetane mere known ey cole be ‘rod fr bana She elo woo er ‘Solengues oan efit pope sty. ‘amy Coen sa Guy Gane chemi ‘ipl Blogs an hey eae up wth Mpctotet temigune gene Sanpete Amer fold ptt ‘onpoott of ropa inthe sla ad ‘ovaries dey eda wen ‘if of bara sod Snr ey re bl They me abe tors ese Sues aay at vie can be clad Spiker: lined. ey haeto be ted ine bs. ‘Be am ered inet ava naa SerateiSerme ty wedie: ‘ine tke be Paco contin a eval may aterm ties 300503 en di met Ne ‘Vike topes oot intro pope ‘fs hepng int bars ere Sgwee fst to ett most of ‘scone ton frp sous ‘iin soter yen we ve et 860 isearemor sree tole si Ein dg te Tey Risen Now Serra dace Fp ps nresing et ey Bee ch vw undead prompt mare sence gern aes nd {Se ir popolisbar an ett on Varo if Fol clings beter inane ates Ferping (tes fn). ‘he tne tne, Speaks podesing« legs unt: How cathe aye at Sertsp hemlet er pope (aor he sured bel th i lar Psy oer aver i Nera Castors, ‘here fe ecenbcr ae rte Coster Sacha tea could te ‘Steed ti ee vores tno teween pace a Seichers Ae se od rough the ‘Stntysne tat afemoen canons {Seevtnt onthe wadaela Spr wet err yt aking oe ea el Paro thi are deserve the ‘eas Sv projects to pae bes Jerry Cohen isa plant biologist at the University of Minnesota who Is working on a collaborative project with Maria Spivak to find the active antimlerebial compo- EN ree. tesy of Jerry Cohen) bee iab the Univers of a to "Seton sete ‘erie Sci n ae VEREEn me oo tc EA c eet ts Se SEA ra Ste ese Direction foe the Minnesota Hygienic ‘nal, December 2008, 1085, a ime Soe ei Hypenie ‘Stock of Bees is in Good hoeee iis Day Darrel Rafer (612) 325-1203, Mark ee Sey a ere caer ary Seescegan Ene here een es Sot oem Eeumeeay sees Scenes Soamnonmcins ‘of boney bees, Hoe re beet Serjeant be ‘hee ac Satna ee om ‘ido nea Bos an Me Wi Seinen Socsanaee Fo See ee omits aie ‘American Bee JournalK eer ds-on researcher is finding ways for bees to defend themselves. he ea cata Mal Saka te ‘ign ber er a he User of Minne, where pte of ‘Sule fe pcur of er ‘Soe git ule weld ape sve Bet fea She igrne to hving tee prof er ccpin Tis bo fame soe 20 Sth wench reiod trol nag ‘msi and tec “end See ne ‘dle pnt ees nd prsates Serevived sme oer and ager ‘Gary Ree, dead oe Mint Hypa ine tes wither Inte det and ronmve bod inetd ‘Anerson asd Varo. ‘hems pre overeat doo Inge beta aoe Sater ni ee ene pte rtcng tare oe (iesly Gacoveed tthe homey. tet imme yen bie inthe presence She A Eater akon it ee ‘Saldbe mre spt rpcton te asd ‘earn bale reched nen coglng Sie coe pop noe ae Thee Mines beahepets now have (ni beearatbe ogra rma Fnemiwted MN Hype sock. And te ists hed ops fede x's ounce Sl be oer S- Prisha ofthe USDA ewes ah, Sure arte yes pa ad bea pode sage gustan Win merean bdo October 2010 eel thee, “oo ir omn ix ofice we med wih ect (grea odie the Ques rte {E'Se Soak the mp Showed ate ret jy of Ames gen a ‘expen of Hawa cons om Nort (afl ages pices thee se ‘te sal 20000 0000 one ear ome upto 900. The male oer ne thee prdice wound 10005, ain we ‘ocd pr te ental ena or ‘Sera reamg, esoueeformuch fae ‘Sts aco te oun. Ocoee ‘Seg te mawer as Fit re spe thea What ne qe esos ihe ages cage? eeu arate nore epe of Stra Viey tad 39Nat ot De Malpas hoa in th they te i te Sh Scoping te concn bebe ‘er and npr ieee fly operties orga sn ‘odie reat i Casco mer Over Hay adi thers The Kec bv eee vet Tot yeas, Nowe Calon beckcpss ‘ppd tou of pacage ach ne ibrpiensCaracn op ha wee taille every wer Wi eV ‘rs abr lsd the Caan gover ‘eur ono a med ove bre ‘mp Then fear one ene Infra "Aap tay (i, "Bronte vo urns a bl win 10d ms ny ANB (Aa bm be) ‘Spivak in the bee ‘yard with Bob Koehnen, whose family has bred ‘bees in Northern ‘California for ‘over 100 yoars, Photo: Alison | Vanalten 49‘Buzz Landon checks 226 hour fenic test at ‘Spivak looks on as he nds that his boes have ‘loaned out nearly 100% of, the dead brood, ng tes, wha’ wring you” Even if {rmncammiptomte Saveteaetn oman peoples mee doar manage ten»: Calta hot woud bts pee the EEharyetemsektporisk seutetSeast Acacenay cman Sepoeatiewecaline Tocmummersdsetaty ‘Sieg |i ecb oan tar’ docs te nh uy a dy Wht Seliaitici citceyyodcniy, fseamea egomarc ir ieee iy mee rnp eeeh EPROM Siete SULT ar ete Sch ete ee ‘wih Gi Se teow ty bn Soton nape, Tepe SEL Gp Tic ish eset Smrocy cmnun ‘Srl Sony sean change what ey" 2008 Spe, oper with erect Sie reese ct) uy rp eet Ke SESE wipeceksh techs Selene ns wen wero Sioa teens apn tes od rad in Neer Carn og 19 fae site wi em acne Sieben toch pee se Seselue Shojamiarasces Shana star Wie’ oy wee Srtnus“cnawrareaete mente Tefen decane vend TistSreoimendietectal” Tec Ar Beeetamor a ‘Since tupnrt wots Bee pons Bulg tut sow eweintipcmienseteicy ot Pack 20m sea Bey Seweecelytemie” Eira wey sain tn Sioa anwre thyaenlalein waboutecr deer" see SONS fetamerEatiyeed il ebay oc es bee rp 201, Spat wat nt se Oar rg Saber re not vo get a ya” ae ‘nt Se aro agen Thy weed ora toner ope Ty RIESE SR ines Tye aes pea ee Renata Borbs, University of Min: nesota entomology student, and Gary Reuter, Spivak's assistant, prepare a drone trap at Pend ‘Apiaries in Northern California 950 mcmama ea ricene cee Scien ihc mace Eeyore ing esac seers sesieteeeetace eee etree Seen aaa eee Sess ono SSecSoe ce Savemnrencee ce Eevcu ieemnceee uimontenaan Seems Serie Soret amet Eromrmantaes Sagres Sry a eet eaeceez ert Ssaatioees ana eerie Saeed es ais ere ieeectnem er Soares, Baba ta ees Sone Sota eteces Eatin oo eens Bieceeyieaeenae aieee eciec ceeces ameter Sees iSaeeaco Spivak’s student ‘and assistant, Renata Borba and Gary Reuter, follow a drone trap at Pondell ‘Aplares in Northern California for study of drone viability conducted by Dave Tarpy at North Carolina State University. ‘American Bee Journal aoeseesirimges tent iaatertem tees Soueeowe 2 aenaes Eeieimnan icant emer re eae Sankererau ines vec eben create Scenery Speen "Se alin ie shamed ioe att SoieSiet cries Erase unceliacns ‘Borba lf, and Spivak pour liquid trogen onto circles o brood, seting ‘up 24 hour hygienic testing at an apiary of Dan Subro, who looks on. =n ‘SSitivedemedewae tel erbenr ‘hiypent bebwor Anon pene ony ‘Sista ws ong nea sce on ee ited py ht inh it yar ard he noe ge He lane istesnte Cowes ‘ede Flay trad Mars hn reds (Sea and aes tics nhs oe yee ‘howe eter vey ge mec ‘le rete [08 cats of ad rood, ‘Buted har hsconboiasem“Thecomb [Sib te nets egaedto Bota" hen evening Spa’ rcommends replacing comb itn te food et every he ie Ye even ough oto bot te ‘Spivak is working with Ned Eu- liss, above, a wildlife biologist, on his iden to atudy colonies of bees placed near bee forage provided by the now farm bill. Euliss Is With the U.S. Geologic Service Northern Prarie. Wildlife Re- search Genter in North Dakota teckeper an te bes, Se pint ou hat (id em burrs spre fer Ameren ‘eae, abrotand Nowe which eran vile Yuan rts fendi, wc sta ee Tendon exited hat hem compe ‘eens sll reste, ut thee Is 10 ‘Spee vooaton ot bekepen and ‘ure proce "Asi nom, somesne honed nd nye and. ig we Ingo od we al art dng Wan be ave el yt moe {Frank and Sher Pendell pause in the midst ofa work day at Pendell Apiares. n the background, Gary October 2010 Reuter and Renata Borba of the tach leam project work at the mating nucs. (Ri) Leonard Pankratz of Can-Am ‘Aplaros solacts rues for testing by Marla Spivak. 9st‘Spivak uses a bee vac, invented by her aesistant Gary Router, to ‘gather a sample of bees for Nosema testing. Renata Borba waite to bag the boos, while Leonard Pankratz works shead in his apiary. Spa gtr ch ess ps fer steam ne ape Aner gon Sporn terse cumple mee enieupin ean any sere ‘Bud “Tm gong ote et fy tng bgp snd eter tan cans ‘Eipue atta oem ‘wcktods “eng eg obs ‘wei comng be sels wa ing ‘Spivak makes reports on testing Inthe field for each beokeoper to fevaluate and use In determining practices. 92 ‘Testing for Nosema by (fom let, clockwise) Renata Borba, Mara Spi vak, Esmeralda Gara and Georgina Garcia. The Garcias, grafts at the apiary of Pat Heitkam, are counting out bees tobe put into dilution by Borba and read for spores by Spivak the bskeprs with eu o mate dc Tes snd ba ade ten tp © Norber Cain saying sii 2 tetera tbecamenaee of Pak and Shou Peel a Stamtod*The Penal “asap reed bees. The nt a, (Doth be seth dvd he et Prof dy war fin te Pde me [Sgegnion wea ted send sanples 0 hy He tinge eprosate any compare bs tes srs gente rey Te wre ded ‘a gnfom te USDANasoon Research La Jor, Siva bout mater of ioe stig Chip Tver of x Une Sy fama Cars So Ty fn feeeep ow toe ope [Nosed wut, Rewer ders {ang nt ap Be qe parent ‘as athe fing od onde. They Faredind began te pe tice Bron ke sed vel fa, srs pig is te Boda oe suki ne wae ae have ane One oe ees DCA ‘tae bata ets Rest ead ‘Syed on tp fer we mero ot itr gy. Tey toad we (Sows ul feat Ped oes’ eb ‘Sass or, ad ty toon cameo ‘attics bw cone of zie ‘Ttheonen after rating een Bor ai pe i {to sll shipping cages Back athe pir, Exacor cos Samer Ep eve recone pincers iiciesers Hesceeah oe ceceremetca, eee iota ween Eg ray wees Seeaiecee amen tae Eentnacra Pees Sos eee eee SEs face ee aos aes Eipceneg ices eirenniners you find 10 mites in 300 bees, divide that Beteahioen es Banivirumsts manera oe att mate nciiae Sete cpaauee sess Epica ence American Bee JournalSpivak’ student, | cages trapped ‘drones for ship- ‘mont to Dave Tarpy's project ‘on viability. ill Ray Olivaroz bogine a frozen brood tot forthe hive of ono of hia most [rized breeder queens, “Montana”. He Is one of the largescale queen [Breeders working with Mara Spivak ona proaram to instiit the equlv- ‘lent of farm advisors for beekeepers, ‘and ht woud sy hat ou have 6 aes er 10 tes wach sgbay as wee he longer olf at esac 2 ode tenet af peti en onay ‘telomere ot Yaron Ga: Tes wl be vied fr eeeeper sacieae ‘x'rown numberof apices have ‘peed whe envy en lange po (8c Ray Orr Ora Dae ‘Stir whew cnr Enc and Adams esp pis liens in operon wae ‘tthe pret, tod be ny ag tng deo nk joes deny to pene. apt her in a pee Ee, ctober 2010 poorest Ti tei eng Semana Bhrvnans Sones ieee eater, caemncraiiare Revie ered Seateamamiece seoroniecmats oeeeeseeats serene Emcee cones Seer eer in mt sretatartet meee aera Pare Seeceees ieee el ecesblee event pee Seatemrecne en pee ceerenters imac US tte canst ed Steere canes Recoerneae eee eae Sate uc eer Sloe ony ae Sealer Seales ss scr eee eee oe Geri tect Soke cecuer Seager ices cetiee y peed ower Soares ieareueate amen Riariecerars SSeS 2 Pam forthe bee vic a at wo (moet ee arene! ‘ogc, Ber Sarpng Vc ‘scmese Sho, (6) 2-002, bans 4 Feel Rees 20, Bo 40, Sey, ASSETS 8 082 5 Taek Moon RD, Bases EC Hie ‘lng pli Daas dearer Acar ote) in Apu lire (H- menope Apel alos nd pas Saf Como Enso apres 6 Erm Ee Ee Madey Mate Sn 1M Mesa Aleratve Plante A anihocd ¢ Becaee, Crome ad 1 Scewomibeeisbamnads 953