12088. Proposed by Florin Sianescu, Serban Cioculescu School, Gaesti, Roman bbe a positive integer with & > 2, and let f: [0, 1] + R be a function with cor 4th derivative. Suppose f(x) 2 0 for all x € (0, 1}, and suppose f(0) = 0 for all (k= 2), Prove * et ads = RIDE ft o-va2 & 1 f foods. hb 12089. Proposed by Greg Oman, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs. CO, and Adar Salminen. University of Evansville. Evansvite, IN All ings tts problem are ‘sumed to be commutative wih nonzero multiplicative dently. A Homemorhis rom tring R too ing Sts an Idenly-peserving tap ? R= S such Wal gle +3) = #68) + 4(9) and 9 (xy) = 468)4(9) forall x, y € R. Consider the following two proper- lesotaring Rt (1) For every proper dal of here isan injective homomorphism @ :R/I -+ R. (2) For every proper dal of there isan inetve homomorphism @ : R=» R/T. (a) Must a ring that enjoys property (1) be a field? {b) Most rng that enjoys propery (2) bea a? {@) Masta ing that enjoys ponents (1) and (2) be a ek? SOLUTIONS A Trigonometeie Integral 11961 [2017, 180}. Proposed by Miliaela Berindeanu, Bucharest, Romania. Evaluate A sinx Ln ‘The imegeal equals (/2) ~ 1. To see this, denote the integral by 1. The substitution x +> (sr/2) ~ x yields “A sin oP coss_ rvann~L ipviee ‘Adding these two integrals, substituting u = cos.x ~ sin.x, and noting that u? = cos? x — 2sin.x cosx + sin? x = 1 — sin2x gives ae [ae | ee ‘Tocompute this integral, substitute u = sit i cos oy? _x du= [se ans | == irs r f Treo? P ‘ 2h 2 Editorial comment. Several solvers noted a more general result, with essentially the same proof If i continuous on (0/2). then [7 Hentareonoas. lb Ec January 2019} PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS 3 du=2 810 obtain