e483 Rc : 71967 TENTATIVE SPECIFICATION FOR BITUMINOUS MACADAM (BASE & BINDER COURSE) THE INDIAN ROADS CONGRESS 1989IRC: 27—1967 TENTATIVE SPECIFICATION FOR BITUMINOUS MACADAM (BASE & BINDER COURSE) Published by THE INDIAN ROADS CONGRESS Jamnagar House, Shahjaban Rond, ‘New Delhi 110 O11 1989 Price Rs Ris, 24 (plus Pocking and PostageIRC: 27-1967 First published in November, 1967 Reprinted in March, 1977 Reprinted : August, 1989 (incorporate the sieve sizes) (Rights of Publication and of Translation are reserved) Printed at PRINTAID, New Delhi {(2000 Copies) IRC: 27-1967 TENTATIVE SPECIFICATION FOR BITUMINOUS MACADAM (BASE & BINDER COURSE) 1, INTRODUCTION The draft tentative specification for bituminous macadam (base and binder course) prepared by the Bituminous Pavements Committee was approved by the Executive Committe in their meeting held on the 24th & 25th February, 1967, and was later approved for publication as the finalised tentative specification by the Council of the Indian Roads Congress at their 67th Meeting held at Nainital on the 30th September, 1967. This tentative specification is intended to indicate what is considered to be a good practice for construction of bituminous macadam (base and binder course) under average conditions. Provisions of this specification shall apply unless modified by special provisions to take into account unusual conditions. 2, DESCRIPTION Bituminous macadam shall consist of the construction of one or more courses of compacted crushed aggregates, premixed with a bituminous binder, laid immediately after mixing. Itis an open graded construction suitable for base and binder courses and should not be used asa wearing course as such. Tt may be used as a temporary riding surface when covered with an appropriate seal coat. 3, MATERIALS 3.1. Bituminous Materials The bituminous materials shall conform to the requirements as specified and provided for in the proposal and satisfy the rela~ ted specifications of Indian Standards Institution (ISI Standards 73, 215, 217 and 454,). The grades of binder to be used would depend upon the climatic conditions. Paving bitumens of 30/40, {60/70 and 80/100 penetration, road tars of grade RT-4, approved 1IRC : 27-1967 cutbacks and emulsions are normally suitable for the bituminous macadam. For the tack coat, RT-3 or 80/100 bitumen or approved cut- backs or emulsions are suggested. 3.2, Aggregates ‘The aggregates shall consist of crushed stone, crushed slag, crushed gravel (shingle) or other stones, as specified. The aggre~ gates shall have clean, strong, durable and fairly cubical frag- ments free from disintegrated pieces, organic and other deleterious matter, and adherent coatings. ‘The aggregates shall preferably be hydrophobic and of low porosity. 3.2.1, Physical requirements the following physical requirements ‘The aggregates shall satisfy Base Binder course course Aggregate Impact Value— ‘Maximum. 35 per cent 30 per cent Loss Angeles Abrasion Value—Maximum 50 per cent 40 per cent For slag, weight shall not be less than 1120 kg perm’. Loss with sodium sulphate for five cycles Maximum 12 per cent Flakiness Index —Maximum 15 per cent Stripping test (CRRD)* Maximum 25 per cent ‘Where all or some of these conditions can not be satisfied, itis left to the Engineer-in-charge to allow reasonable tolerances. ‘The use of low grade aggregates by improving their qualities shall also be considered. ‘Two hundred gm of 18 mm to 12mm aggregate and binder are mixed together in a smal casarel, binder being heated previously to 160°C. (f bitumen) SSEPTO-G. litany. ‘The mixture is wansferred, (0 a 500 ml. beaker and allowed {Orcure at ihe room temperature for about 2 hours, Then # of the volume of ‘RRaskee iv lled with Gstiied water and the beaker is Kept in a water bath main- Rained at 40°C. taking care that the level of water inthe water bath comes upto ifcaet half the height ofthe beaker. The beaker is covered with a glass plate, ‘Arter the expity of 24 hours, the. beaker is taken out of the water bath and ‘Ahual exarmfaation is carried out o estimate the quantity of stripping that takes ncuptesecd as. percentage of the uncovered area (o the total area faice “The whole test repened)«tsond tine andan average ined. IRC : 27-1967 3.2.2. Grading of aggregates : The aggregates for the bitu- minous macadam for different. thicknesses shall conform to the gradings given in Tables 1 and 2. “Taste 1. 75 wm ContracreD Tarckness Base course Base or binder ——_— Per cent passing | Grading | Graging Sieve No. 2 3 am 100 Sam 00 = onan 50. jo Sm : S$ 7set00 Banm 638 Ba mm 25 es 12mm = 0-35 56mm 7 1535 23am os = S20 50 micron oss os os Binder content per cent Baspe B4Sper Sper ‘by wt. of mix: per cent ‘cent cent ‘Tanta 2, 50 MM ComPAcreD THICKNESS Base course Base or binder Per cent passing, Grating | Grading | Grading Sieve No. [ae $ 53mm 100 100 . smu = 900 = 25mm som9s 8S 100 24mm = = 15100 132 mm S=m 1823s = 112 am = = 50-85 5éam = = 2040 23am os = ‘520 50 micron 0-3 os 03 Binder content per cent BAS per BAS per FO per by we of mix cnt cont cent aIRC : 271967 4. QUANTITIES OF MATERIALS REQUIRED FOR 10 m* ‘OF ROAD SURFACE 4.1. Aggregates ‘The approximate quantity of aggregates required for 10 m? of area of bituminous macadam shal! be.0.60 to 0.75 m? and 0.90 to 1.10 m® for compacted thickness of 50 mm and 75 mm res- pectively. 4.2. Binder 4.2.1. Premixing : The bituminous binder required for pre- mixing of the bituminous macadam shall be at the rate specified depending on the gradation of the aggregates. The upper limit may be raised when absorptive type of aggregates are used, and the exact rate shall be specified by the Engineer-in-charge, If tar is used, the binder should be increased by 10 per cent. 422, Tack coat If and when, required, the, quantity of binder needed for the tack coat shall be between 5 to 7.5 kg per 10 m? for bitumen treated surface and 7.5 to 10 kg per 10 m* for untreated water bond macadam surface. 5, CONSTRUCTION METHODS 5.1. Weather and Seasonal Limitations Bituminous macadam shall not be laid or placed during rainy weather or when the subgrade or base course is damp or wet unless emulsion is used or normally when the atmospheric temperature in the shade is 16°C. or below. 5.2, Equipment All equipment necessary for the proper construction of work shall be on the site of the work in good condition. 5.3, Arrangement for Traffic Adequate provisions for the movement of traffic shall be made as far as possible, so as not to interfere with the construc- tion operation on the road. 5.4. Preparation of Underlying Course ‘The underlying course on which bituminous macadam is to be laid shall be prepared, shaped and conditioned to a uniform grade and section as specified, Any depressions or pot-holes 4 IRC: 27-1967 should be properly made up and thoroughly compacted suffici- ently in advance. The surface of the underlying course shall be thoroughly swept and scraped clean and free from dust and foreign material. 5.5. Application of Tack Cost The binder shall be heated to its appropriate application temperature except in case of emulsions and applied to the base at the rate given in para 4.2 2. It is preferable to use_a sprayer, but if none is available, pouring cans may be used. The binder shall be applied uniformly. The tack coat shall be applied just ahead of the spreading of premixed macadam. 5.6. Preparation of Premix Mechanical mixers shall be used for mixing the aggregate and the bituminous binder. Improvised hand mixing drums may be used only with the approval of the Engineer-in-charge. The bituminous material except emulsions shall be heated to the appropriate application temperature in tanks so designed as to avoid local over-heating and provide a continuous supply. ‘The aggregates shall be dry and suitably warmed or heated as required before it is placed in the mixer except in the case of emulsions. When it is delivered to the mixer, it shall be at a temperature which is consistent with proper mixing and laying. After about 15 seconds of dry mixing, the hot bituminous material shall be distributed over the aggregate at the rate speci- fied in Tables 1 and 2 and para 4.2.1 and at the temperature directed by the Engincer-in-charge within a tolerance of plus or minus 10°C, The mixing shall be continued till homogeneous mixture is obtained in which all particles of the mineral aggre- gates are coated uniformly. ‘The mixtures shall be transported from the mixing plant to the point of use in suitable vehicles or in wheel barrows. 5.7. Spreading The mix shall be spread immediately after mixing preferably by mechanical pavers, spreaders or graders. Manual spreading shall be done (only with the approval of the Engineer-in-charge) 5IRC: 11-1967 with rakes to the desired thickness and to the correct camber. Uneven areas shall be brought to camber. 5.8, Rolling ‘As soon as sufficient length of bituminous macadam has been ‘laid, rolling shall be done by 8 to 10 tonpower rollers. Rolling shail commence at the edges and progress towards the centre longitudinally except that on super-elevated curves, rolling shall progress {rom the lower to the upper edge parallel to the centre line of the pavement and uniformly lapping each preced- ing track until the entire surface has been rolled and all. roller marks are eliminated and no more compaction or crushing of aggregates takes place. The roller wheels shall be kept damp. ‘When the roller has passed once over the whole area, any high spot or depressions which become apparent shall be correct- ed by removing or adding fresh mixture. The edges along and transverse of the macadam laid and compacted shall be cut to its full depth so as to expose a fresh Surface which shall be painted with thin surface coat of the appropriate binder before new mix is placed against it. 5.9. Finished Surface ‘The compacted surface shall be uniform and conform to the lines, grades and typical cross sections indicated on the Plans and shall present a satisfactory surface. When tested with 2 template and straight edge, the finished surface shall show no variation greater than 6 mm over 3 m length.