Subatomic Particles

a proton is a positively charged particle of an atom which has a charge of +1 and a mass of
1.67 x 10−24 amu. It is located at the nucleus and was discovered by Eugen Goldstein in the year 1886.
An electron is a negatively charged particle of an atom which has a charge of -1 and a mass of
9.11 x 10−28 amu. It is located outside the nucleus and was discovered by Joseph John Thomson in the year
1897.
A neutron is a subatomic particle that is neutral in charge which has a charge of 0 and a mass of
1.67 x 10−24 amu. It is located at the nucleus and was discovered by James Chadwick in the year 1932.
Atomic Number and Mass Number
The number of protons in a nucleus is called the atomic number.
Mass number (atomic mass) is the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons.
To represent the composition of any atom, a short hand method called atomic notation is used
A
Z X

Where in
X = symbol of element
Z = atomic number which = number of proton = number of electron
Atomic number can be seen on the periodic table at the upper left side of the element.
A = mass number (atomic mass) which is = number of proton + number of neutron
Number of neutron = mass number (atomic mass) – number of proton.

Example
Lithium A=7 ( mass number) Z= 3 (atomic number) # p= 3 #e=3
No. of Neutrons = mass number- no. of proton
=7–3
#n = 4
A 7
Z X 3 Li

Name: ________________________ Grade & Section: __________________________ Score:_________

Chemistry Worksheet
Write first the Atomic Notation then Identify the no. of Proton, Electron and Neutron of the following
Elements:
1. Bismuth

4. Iron

2. Gallium

5. Cobalt

3. Tin

6. Palladium