

`kg Aa¨vq
w¯’i Zwor 

Static Electricity

cvV m¤úwK©Z ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welqvw`

 (Charge)
 (Electric Induction)

 (Goldleaf Electroscope)

 (Coulomb’s Law)

q1 q2 d F

qq
1 2
F 2 q1 q2
d
qq d
1 2
F=C 2 .................. (i)
d
C
 (One Coulomb Charge) 1m
9
9  10 N 1 (1C)
 (Electric field)

 (Intensity of Electric Field)

 1
E (NC )

 F
E=
q
 (Electric Potential)

 (Potential difference)



12 2 1 2
 0 8.854  10 C N m
 

 (C)











Abykxjbxi enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi


K L K 
M N
M 

i.
ii.
iii.

Ki ii Li iii i. A B
M ii iii N i, ii iii ii. B A
iii iii.

i L ii
KN L Nm
1 1 M iii N i, ii iii
M Nm  NC

Abykxjbxi m„R bkxj cÖk œ I DËi



 1bs cª‡kœi DËi 

 

 2bs cª‡kœi DËi 

P 10C

F = 15 N
P q = 10 C
E=?
F
E=
q
15 N .
 E= =1 5 NC1
10 C
 P 1.5 NC1
1OC 1OC

P P P 10 C
15N 15N
15 N

P P 10 C

¸iæZ¡cY~ © m„Rbkxj cÖkœ I DËi


q1(30C) q2 (40C)
20m q1 q2 q2
q1 25J 15J

q1 q2

q1 q2

 3bs cª‡kœi DËi 

 

q1 = 30C
A
q2 = 40C
q1 q2
20m
d= =10m A B
2
c = 9  109Nm2C2 B
F= ?

q1q2
F=C
d2  4bs cª‡kœi DËi 
30C 40C
= 9  109 Nm2C2 
(10m)2
= 108  1011N
108  1011N

q1 = 30C
q2 = 40C
q1 q2 W1= 25J
q2 q2 W2 = 15J A
q1 V1
q2 V2
q1 A
W1 A
V1 =
q1
25J
=
30C
= 0833V
A qA = 10C
q2
W2 B qB = 30C
V2 = A B d = 1m
q2
15J A B F=?
=
40C
= 0375 V qAqB
F =C
d2
10C  30C
= 9  109 Nm2C2  [ C = 9  109 Nm2C2]
(1m)2
= 27  1012 N
A B 27  1012 N.
V1 > V 2
q1 q2


N
B M N B M
B +
A

MN
lm B MN M
B M
A B 10C 30C N
N M
 

N q2 = + 70C
d = 50cm
= 05m
MN B C = 9  109Nm2C2
F=?
q1q2
B MN F=C 2
d
20C  70C
= 9  109Nm2C2  = 504 1013N
(05m)2
B 504 1013N.


d = 50 cm
+20C +q1 +q2 +70C 20C
q1 =
2
= 10C
70C
q2 =
2
=35C
d = 2  50cm
= 100cm = 1m
C = 9  109Nm2C2
 5bs cª‡kœi DËi  F = ?
q1q2
F = c 2
d
10C  35C
= 9  109Nm2C2 
(1m)2
12
= 315  10 N
F = 504  1013N
 = F F
= 504  1013N 315  10
= 4725  1013N

4725  1013N

q1 = + 20C

A byk xj b g ~j K K v‡R i A v‡j v‡K m„R b kxj cÖk œ I D Ëi



 6bs cª‡kœi DËi 

 

 7bs cª‡kœi DËi 

AwZwi³ m„R bkxj cÖkœ I DËi


 
A B C
40 C 20 C
r
qAqB
A B F=C
r2
r qA
A q1 =
2
qB
B ’’ ’’ ’’ q2 =
2
r1 = 2r
q1q2
A F1 = C 2
r1
qA qB
A B .
2 2
=C 2
(2r)
qAqB
=C 2
 8bs cª‡kœi DËi  2  2  4r
qAqB
=C 2
16 r
1 qAqB
= .C 2
16 r
1
= F
16
A B
1
16

PQ
A P
A
P P

 9bs cª‡kœi DËi 

A PQ

Q
A
A
PQ q r

q
A qA = 40 C E=C ......................(i)
r2
B qB = 20 C
 

(i)

q1 = 25 C
q2 = 9 C
d=8m
F=?
q1 q2
F=C 2
d
2 25 C  9 C
= 9  109 Nm2 C  2
(8 m)
= 316  1010 N

3.164  1010 N.
A qA = 25 C
B qB = 9 C
d=8m
A x A B

qA
A EA = C 2
x
qB
B EB = C 2
(8  x)

EA = E B
qA qB
C 2 =C 2
x (8  x)
qA qB
2 = 2
 x 64  16x +x
A B 25 9
8m 2 = 2
x 64  16x + x
9x = 25 (64  16x + x2)
2

9x2 = 1600  400x + 25x2

25 C 9C 25x2  9x2  400x + 1600 = 0
16x2  400x + 1600 = 0
16 (x2  25x + 100) = 0
x2  25x + 100 = 0
x2  20x  5x + 100 = 0
x (x  20)  5(x  20) = 0
(x  20) (x  5) = 0
 x = 5, 20
x  20 A B 8m
 10bs cª‡kœi DËi  x=5m
A B 25 C 9 C
A 25 C 5m


 
A B A B
e
20 C 10 C 20 C  10 C

10 m
100 V 10 V
A B 1C
100 J 10 J

20 V

B A
B A

A B 
A B
 11bs cª‡kœi DËi 
30 cm
+ 60 C + 40 C

20 V
P Q
20 J

A B = 10 m
 12bs cª‡kœi DËi 
10 m
r= =5m
2
E q1q2
F=C 2
d
q
E = C 2 ; C = 9  109 Nm2C-2 F=
r
 qA = 20 C q1 = q2 =
+ 20 C d=
E1 = 9  109 Nm2C-2 
(5 m)2 C= 9  109 Nm2C2
 E1 = + 72  10 NC 9 -1
P q1 = 60C
qB =  10 C Q q2 = 40C
 10 C d = 30 cm = 0.3 m
E2 = 9  109 Nm2C-2 
(5 m)2
C = 9  109 Nm2C2
 E2 =  36  109 NC-1
F=?
A B
q1q2
E = E1 + E2 F=C 2
d
E = (72  109  36  109) NC-1 = 3.6  109 NC-1 60 C  40 C
= 9  109 Nm2C2 
(03 m)2
36  109NC1 14
= 24  10 N
A B 24  1014 N

A B 1
100 J 10 J A B 
100 V 10 V
q1q2
F=C
d2
 
1
C=
4  0

0 = 8854  10-12 C2N-1m-2

C = 9  109 Nm2C2

C-

A
 13bs cª‡kœi DËi  E1 E2
(NC1) E1

F
F
E=
q

A B
2 m
4N

A C A
AB C
 

 14bs cª‡kœi DËi 

A 700 V B 500 V

B 30 C A
d = 2m
F = 4N
A B
A q1 = q
B q2 = q
C = 9  109 Nm2C2
q1q2  15bs cª‡kœi DËi 
F=C 2
d
(V)
9 2 qq
-2
4N = 9  10 Nm C 
(2 m)2
q2
4N = 9  109 Nm2C-2 
4m2
4N  4m2 = 9  109 Nm2C-2  q2
4n  4m2
q2 =
9  109 Nm2C-2
q2 = 178  109C2
 q =  422  10-5C
+ 422  105C 
5
4.22  10 C VA 700 V
VB = 500 V
q = 30 C
A q1 = 422  10-5C
B A
C q2 = 422  10-5C
W=?
AC q = 844  10-5C
VA  VB =
W
B q = 422  10-5C q

C = 9  10 Nm2C-2
-9 W = (VA  VB)  q
2m W = (700  500) V  30 C
d= = 1m
2 = 6000 J
qq  6000J
F=C 2
d
844  10-5C  422  105C
=  9  109 Nm2C-2  A
(1m)2
=  3206 N
C AB 3206 N A
A A B
C AB 3206 N
B
 B A B
 

A B

A
B


 16bs cª‡kœi DËi 

q1 d q2
q1 q2 d

 17bs cª‡kœi DËi 

(i)
(ii)
(iii)

q1 q2,
d
B q1 q2
F
F  q1q2 .............(i)
 
1
F ................(ii)
d2
(i) (ii)
 18bs cª‡kœi DËi 
q1q2
 F 2
d
q1q2
F = C · 2 ..........(iii)
d
q1 q2 d
(iii)

A QA = 5 C
1 6
B QB =  10¯ C
9
A B d = 10 m
C = 9  109 Nm2 C¯2
A B F
q1 d q2
q1 q2 d QAQB
F=C
F d2
1 6
F  q1q2 5 C   10¯ C
9
1 9
F = 9  10 Nm C¯  2 2
F 2
d (10 m)2
q1q2  F = 50 N
 F 2 A B 50 N
d
q1q2 1 6
F = C · 2 ..........(i) B QB =  10¯ C
d 9
C B C F=5N
d = 2 m;
2
(N), (m) C = 9  10 Nm2C¯
9

(C) C Qc
9  109 Nm2C¯2
1 QB QC
C F=C
40 d2
1 6
 10¯ C  QC
9 2
q1q2 5 N = 9  109 Nm2C¯ 
F = 9  109 Nm2C¯2 (2m)2
d2 2 2 ¯1
qq 20 Nm = 1000 Nm C  QC
 F = C d1 2 2 QC = 0·02 C
3
 QC = 20  10¯ C

A ¯3
10 m C QC = 20  10 C
C
5m
C D d=5m
2m C D F=2N
B D 2
1 C = 9  109 Nm2C¯
A 5C B  10¯6 C B C D QD
9
5N C D 2N
QC QD
F=C
d2
3
20  10¯ C  QD
2 N = 9  109 Nm2C¯2 
(5 m)2
2
2 N  (5 m)
A B QD = 2 ¯3
9  109 Nm2C¯  20  10 C
C D 
7
QD = 2·78  10¯ C
 

C D q1 q2
Eq d
F
q1q2
F
C C d2
qq
 F = C d1 2 2
 C
q1 = 4OC q2 = 60 C 2
9  109 Nm2C¯

d
(1A)
(1s)
(1C)
q1 q2 25 m

q1 = 270 C q2 = 30 C
++ ++
+++ +++
+++ ++
d
 19bs cª‡kœi DËi 

 20bs cª‡kœi DËi 

q1 = 40 C
q2 = 60 C
d = 25 m
C = 9  109 Nm2C¯2
F

q1q2 q1 = 270 C
F1 = C
d2 q2 = 30 C
9 40 C  60 C
2 2
= 9  10 Nm C¯  d = 80 cm = 0·8 m
25 m2
12
= 3456  10 N F=?
3456  1012 N C = 9  10 Nm2C¯2
9

q1q2
F=C
d2
270 C  30 C
= 9  109 Nm2C¯2 
(0·8 m)2
= 1·139  1014 N
d
q1 q2 = 1·1  1014 N
 

1·1  10 N 14 1 270 C  q C 1 1 30 C  q C 1
· · = · ·
4 x2 q C 4 (80  x)2 q C
q1 q2 q1 270 30
=
q2 x2 (80  x)2
270 (80  x)2 = 30 x2
q1 x cm P q=1C 9(80  x)2 = x2
{3(80  x)}2 = x2
3(80  x) = x
P q2 = (80  x) cm 240  3x = x
q1 P = q2 P 4x = 240
 x = 60
q1 = 270 C q2 = 30 C  q1 P 60 cm q2
+ + P + +
+ + + + P = (80  60) cm = 20 cm
x cm (80  x) cm q1
80 cm
60 cm q2 20 cm
 E1 = E 2
F1 F2
=
q1 q2

wbe©vwPZ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ I DËi

 30 C  60 C
= 9  109 Nm2C-2 
(12 m)2
30 C 60 C
= 1.125  1011 N
P 1.125  1011N
A B PA : PB = 1 : 2
12 m
A B 30 C 60 C  PA = ( )
1+2
1
 12 m = 4 m
P AB 1:2
PB = ( ) 2
1+2
 12 m = 8 m
A P
qA
EA = C. 2
(PA)
A B P 30 C
= 9  109 Nm2C2 
(4m)2
= 1.69  1010  NC1
B P
 21bs cª‡kœi DËi  qB
EB = C.
(PB)2
60 C
= 9  109 Nm2C-2  2
(8 m)
10 -1
= 0.84  10 NC
EA  EB


A B 3  10-4 C 5  10-6 C
A qA = 30 C
6m
B qB = 60 C
d = 12 m
C = 9  109 Nm2C-2 15 V
F=?
qAqB
F = C. 2
d
 

 22bs cª‡kœi DËi 

15 V

15 J

A qA = 3  106 C
B qB = 5  10-6 C
6
d=6m P q1 = 12  10¯ C
6
C = 9  109 Nm2C-2 Q q2 =  25  10¯ C
F=? d=5m
2
C = 9  109 Nm2C¯
qAqB F=?
F = C. 2
d
3  10-6 C  5  10-6 C q1q2
= 9  109 Nm2C-2 
(6 m)2 F =C
d2
= 375  10-3 N 6 6
2 12  10¯ C 25  10¯ C
3.75  10-3 N = 9  109 Nm2C¯ 
5 m2
d1 = (6  2) = 12 m = 0·108N
F1 P Q
qA qB 0·108N
F1 = C. 2
d1 P
6
q1 = (12  10¯  2) C
-6 -6
3  10 C  5  10 C 6
 F1 = 9  109 Nm2C-2  (12 m)2
=  24  10¯ C
6
-4 Q q2 = (25  10¯  2) C
= 9375  10 N 6
F = 375  10-3 N =  50  10¯ C
5m
F 9375  10-4 d =
2
= 2·5 m
=
F1 375  10-3
F
F 1
=
F1 4 q1q2
F' = C
1 d2
 F = F1 6 ¯6
4 2 24  10¯ C  50  10 C
= 9  109 Nm2C¯ 
2.5 m2
= 1.728 N
F = 0.108 N
6
P Q  12  10¯ C 25 F 1·728
 =
6 F 0·108
 10¯ C P Q 5 m
F
= 16
F
 F = 16 F
16


P Q
20 C 25 C 8C 5C
5m 1m
P Q
30 N
A
 23bs cª‡kœi DËi 
 

A 1.5 NC1

q1 = 20 C
A
q2 = 25 C
d1 = 5m
F1 = ?
 24bs cª‡kœi DËi 
(1A) q1q2
(1s) F1 =
d12
(1C) 2 20 C  25 C
= 9  109 Nm2C¯ 
5m2
= 1·8  1011 N

q1 = 8 C
q2 = 5 C
d2 = 1m
F2 = ?

qq
A F2 = C
1 2
d22
q1 = 20 C
2 8C5C
F = 30 N = 9  109 Nm2C¯ 
1m2
A
= 3·6  1011 N
F
E=
q1 = 2  F1
 F2 = 2  F1
30 N
=
20 C
1
= 1.5 NC

m„R bkxj cÖk œe¨vsK

 A +1C

F
6OC 5OC

10cm


F
q=5C
B
P
A
A B 40C 20C
0.02m A 500 V
10V P 10 N P


 
0.5m
0.8C 0.9C

A B

A B
0·3m
0·7C 0·8C

A B

A B
A B

A B
P Q 6  10-6 C 8  A B
10-6C P Q 5 m 


q1 q2
P Q
P Q d


q1 = 20 C q2 = 30 C d = 0·1 m
20 C
A B

10 C

10 cm 
A B 1C
100 J 10 J 60 C 40 C
3m

A B

  100 C 10 C 1·5 m
20 C 70 C
+ 50 cm
+++ 
++ 
A B

A B
A B

 15 C 20 C
20 cm 
1·5  10¯6 C 2·5  10¯6 C

10 cm
 

Aa¨vq mgwš^Z m„R bkxj cÖkœ I DËi

 m = 50 kg
50 kg 5 h=5m
220 V g = 98 ms-2
15 C  W1 = mgh
= 50 kg  98 ms-2  5 m
= 2450 J
V = 220 V
Q = 15 C
 W2 = VQ
= (220  15) J = 3300 J
 38bs cª‡kœi DËi 
 W2  W1
= 3300 J  2450 J = 850 J
850 J

2450 J
q1q2
F=C 2 = 3300 J
d 2450
F=  =
3300
 100% = 7424%
q1 = q2 =
d= 7424%
C= 9  109 Nm2C2 (100  7424)% = 2576%

Abykxjbxi mvaviY cÖkœ I DËi

A B A B

AB A
A B
B
A
AB
 

AB

D
C

R
D

C-

Abykxj‡bi Rb¨ `ÿZv¯Í‡ii cÖkœ I DËi

 Ávbg~jK cÖkœ I DËi 
 Abyavebg~jK cÖkœ I DËi 
 

MvwYwZK mgm¨v I mgvavb

qq q1 =
 F = C d1 2 2
q2 =
d=
C=
F=
F F=
 E=q
q=
E=
w w=
 V=q
q=
V=

20 C
50 C 2m q1 = 20 C
q2 = 50 C
d=2m
 

F=? F1
E =
q1
15 N
q1q2 =
F =C 30 C
d2  E = 0.5 N C1
20 C  50 C
= 9  109 N m2 C2 
2m2
= 2.25  1012 N
F2
225  1012 N. E=
q2
F2 = q2E
5 C = 20 C  0.5 N C1
200 N  F2 = 10 N
10 N
30 50
1
q=5C
F = 200 N
E=?

q1 = 30 C
F
E= q2 = 50 C
q
200 N d = 1 m;
=
5C C = 9  109 N m2 C2
= 40 N C1 F=?
40 N C1

5 0.5 m q1q2
F =C
d2
30 C  50 C
= 9  109 N m2C2 
1m1m
 F = 135  1013 N
q=5C 135  1013 N
d = 0.5 m 20 C 40 C
C = 9  1010 N m2C2 2.35 
E=? 1013 N

q
E =C
d2 q1 = 20 C
9 2 2 5C
= 9  10 N m C  q2 = 40 C
0.5 m  0.5 m
= 1.8  10 NC 11 1 F = 2.35  1013 N
1.8  1011 N C1 C = 9  109 N m2C2
d=?
30
15 20 q1  q2
F =C
d2
q1  q2
d2 = C 
F
20 C  40 C
q1 = 30 C; = 9  109 N m2C2 
2.35  1013
F1 = 15 N = 0306 m2
q2 = 20 C;  d = 055 m
F2 = ? 055 m
 

10 cm 25 0.28 m
10 cm 70 +9 C +16 C
0.4 m x (0.28 – x
A B
q
= 9  109 
d2
9 9  109  16
 9  109  =
x2 0228 – x2
q1 = 25 C 9 16
=
q2 = 70 C x2 028 – x2
10 10
028 – x = 16 = 4 ()
2
d= m + 0.4 m + m
2  100 2  100  x  9 3
= (005 + 04 + 005) m 028 –x 4
=
= 0.5 m x 3
C = 9  109 N m2C2 4x = 0.84 – 3x
4x + 3x = 084
q1  q2 7x = 084
F =C
d2 084
x= = 012 m
25 C  70 C 7
= 9  109 Nm2C2  012 m
05m2
13
= 63  10 N
63  1013 N 0.5 m
30 C 15 N

q = 2.5
q = 30 C r = 0.5 m
C = 9  109 Nm2C2
F = 15 N
E=?
E=?

q 2.5
F E=C = 9  109  NC1
E = r2 0.5  0.5
q
= 9  1010 NC1
15 N
= 9  1010 NC1
30 C
= 05 N C1 10
 05 N C 1 10 N 15


1A
 = 1010 m)
(1 A
F1 = 10 N
 = 1010 m q1 = 10 C
q1 = q2 = 16  1019 C, d = 1A
1 q1q2 q2 = 15 C
F= 2 F2 = ?
40 d
2
1.6  1019C
= 9  109Nm2C2  
 10 m 
10
F1 10 N
= 2.3  108 N E= = = 1 NC1
q1 10 C
,
A B 9C
F2 = E q2 = 1 NC1  15 C = 15 N
16 C 0.28 m 15 N
10 20
40
 

q1 = 10 C q1 = 25 C
q2 = 20 C q2 = 70 C
d = 0.4 m 10
r1 = r 2 = cm = 5 cm = 005 m
2
C = 9  109 Nm2C2
d = (r1 + r2 + 4) m
F=?
= (005 + 005 + 4) m
= 4.1m
q1.q2 C = 9  1010 Nm2C2
F=C
d2
F=?
10 C  20 C
= 9  109 Nm2C2 
04 m  04 m
= 1125  1012N q1q2
F =C
, 1125  1012 N d2
9  109 Nm2C2  25 C  70C
10 cm 25 =
41 m2
10 cm 70 11
= 937  10 N
4m 937  1011N