Taller 2 – 3° Corte

Juan Esteban Arango García 1151199183

Leidy Carolina Villamizar Rivera 1007952560
Angel Camilo Tapias Contreras 1004846311

Edgar Augusto Trillera Motta

Universidad de Pamplona
Facultad de Arquitecturas e Ingeniería
Ingeniería Electrónica
Cálculo Multivariable
Pamplona
Sección 15.5
𝐸𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑒𝑗𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑠 1 𝑎 6, 𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑟 𝑙𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛 𝑠𝑢 𝑔𝑟á𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎

1. 𝑟(𝑢, 𝑣 ) = 𝑢𝒊 + 𝑣𝒋 + 𝑢𝑣𝒌
𝑧 = 𝑥𝑦

2. 𝑟(𝑢, 𝑣 ) = 𝑢𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑣𝒊 + 𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑣𝒋 + 𝑢𝒌

𝑥 2 = 𝑢𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑣 𝑦 2 = 𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑣
𝑥2 + 𝑦2 = 𝑧2 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑜

1
3. 𝑟(𝑢, 𝑣 ) = 𝑢𝒊 + (𝑢 + 𝑣)𝒋 + 𝑣𝒌
2
2𝑦 = 𝑥 + 𝑧 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜
 1
4. 𝑟(𝑢, 𝑣 ) = 𝑢𝒊 + (𝑣 3 )𝒋 + 𝑣𝒌
4
4𝑦 = 𝑧 3

5. 𝑟(𝑢, 𝑣 ) = 2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑣𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑢𝒊 + 2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑣𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑢𝒋 + 2𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑣𝒌

𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 = 4𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑣𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑢 + 4𝑐𝑜𝑠 2𝑣𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑢 + 4𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑣 = 4𝑐𝑜𝑠 2𝑣 + 4𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑣 = 4
𝐸𝑠𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑎

6. 𝑟(𝑢, 𝑣 ) = 4𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑢𝒊 + 4𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑢𝒋 + 𝑣𝒌

𝑥2 + 𝑦2 = 4 𝐶𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑟𝑜
Sección 15.6

𝐸𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑒𝑗𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑠 1 𝑎 4, 𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑟 ∬(𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 𝑧)𝑑𝑆

𝑆

𝟏. 𝑺: 𝒛 = 𝟒 − 𝒙, 𝟎 ≤ 𝒙 ≤ 𝟒, 𝟎≤𝒚≤𝟑
𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
= −1 =0
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦

𝜕𝑧 2 𝜕𝑧
𝑑𝑆 = √1 + ( ) + ( )2 = √1 + (−1)2 + (0)2 = √2
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦

4 3
∬(𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 𝑧)𝑑𝑆 = ∫ ∫ (𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 4 − 𝑥 )√2𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥
0 0
𝑆
4 3
√2 ∫ ∫ (4 − 2𝑦)𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥
0 0
4 3 3
√2 ∫ [(4 ∫ 𝑑𝑦) − (∫ 2𝑦𝑑𝑦)] 𝑑𝑥
0 0 0
4
√2 ∫ [(4(𝑦|30 )) − (𝑦 2 |30 )]𝑑𝑥
0
4
√2 ∫ [(12) − (9)]𝑑𝑥
0
4
√2 ∫ 3𝑑𝑥
0
4
3√2 ∫ 𝑑𝑥
0

3√2[(𝑥|40 )] = 3√2(4) = 𝟏𝟐√𝟐 ≈ 𝟏𝟔. 𝟗𝟕𝟎𝟓𝟔𝟐𝟕𝟓

𝟐. 𝑺: 𝒛 = 𝟏𝟓 − 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚, 𝟎 ≤ 𝒙 ≤ 𝟐, 𝟎≤𝒚≤𝟒
𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
= −2 =3
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦

𝜕𝑧 2 𝜕𝑧
𝑑𝑆 = √1 + ( ) + ( )2 = √1 + (−2)2 + (3)2 = √14
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦

2 4
∬(𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 𝑧)𝑑𝑆 = ∫ ∫ (𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 15 − 2𝑥 + 3𝑦)√14𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥
0 0
𝑆
2 4
√14 ∫ ∫ (−𝑥 + 𝑦 + 15)𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥
0 0
2 4 4 4
√14 ∫ [(−𝑥 ∫ 𝑑𝑦) + (∫ 𝑦𝑑𝑦) + + (15 ∫ 𝑑𝑦)] 𝑑𝑥
0 0 0 0
2
𝑦2 4
√14 ∫ [(−𝑥(𝑦|40 )) + ( | ) + (15(𝑦|40 ))] 𝑑𝑥
0 2 0
2
√14 ∫ [(−4𝑥 ) + (8) + (60)]𝑑𝑥
0
2
√14 ∫ −4𝑥 + 68𝑑𝑥
0
2 2
√14 [(−4 ∫ 𝑥𝑑𝑥 ) + (68 ∫ 𝑑𝑥 )]
0 0

√14[−2(𝑥 2 |20 ) + 68(𝑥|20 )] = √14[(−8) + (136)]

𝟏𝟐𝟖√𝟏𝟒 ≈ 𝟒𝟕𝟖. 𝟗𝟑𝟐𝟏𝟒𝟓𝟓

𝟑. 𝑺: 𝒛 = 𝟐, 𝒙 𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 ≤ 𝟏
𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
= 0 =0
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦

𝜕𝑧 2 𝜕𝑧
𝑑𝑆 = √1 + ( ) + ( )2 = √1 + (0)2 + (0)2 = √1
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦

1 √1−𝑥 2
∬(𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 𝑧)𝑑𝑆 = ∫ ∫ (𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 2)√1𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥
−1 −√1−𝑥 2
𝑆

𝑥 = 𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑦 = 𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃
2𝜋 1 2𝜋 1
∫ ∫ (𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 − 2𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 + 2)𝑟𝑑𝑟𝑑𝜃 = ∫ ∫ (𝑟 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 − 2𝑟 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 + 2𝑟)𝑑𝑟𝑑𝜃
0 0 0 0
2𝜋 1 1 1
∫ [(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 ∫ 𝑟 2 𝑑𝑟) − (2𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 ∫ 𝑟 2 𝑑𝑟) + (2 ∫ 𝑟𝑑𝑟)] 𝑑𝜃
0 0 0 0

2𝜋
𝑟3 1 𝑟3
∫ [(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 ( |0 )) − (2𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 ( |10 )) + (𝑟 2 |10 )] 𝑑𝜃
0 2 3
2𝜋
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 2𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃
∫ ( − + 1) 𝑑𝜃
0 3 3

1 2𝜋 2 2𝜋 2𝜋
= ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃𝑑𝜃 − ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃𝑑𝜃 + ∫ 𝑑𝜃
3 0 3 0 0

1 2
(𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃|2𝜋 2𝜋 2𝜋
0 ) − (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃|0 ) + (𝜃|0 )
3 3
1 2
(𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝜋) − 𝑠𝑒𝑛(0)) − (𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝜋) + 𝑐𝑜𝑠(0)) + (2𝜋 − 0)
3 3
1 2
(0) − (0) + (2𝜋) = 𝟐𝝅 ≈ 𝟔. 𝟐𝟖𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟓𝟑𝟎𝟕
3 3
 𝟑
𝟐𝒙𝟐
𝟒. 𝑺: 𝒛 = , 𝟎 ≤ 𝒙 ≤ 𝟏, 𝟎 ≤ 𝒚 ≤ 𝒙
𝟑
𝜕𝑧 1 𝜕𝑧
= 𝑥2 =0
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦

𝜕𝑧 2 𝜕𝑧 1
𝑑𝑆 = √1 + ( ) + ( )2 = √1 + (𝑥 2 )2 + (0)2 = √1 + 𝑥
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦

1 𝑥
2 3
∬(𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 𝑧)𝑑𝑆 = ∫ ∫ (𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 𝑥 2 ) √1 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥
0 0 3
𝑆
1 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
2 3
∫ [(∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑦) − (∫ 2𝑦 𝑑𝑦) + (∫ 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦)] √1 + 𝑥𝑑𝑥
0 0 0 0 3
1 𝑥 𝑥
2 3 𝑥
∫ [(𝑥 ∫ 𝑑𝑦) − (2 ∫ 𝑦 𝑑𝑦) + ( 𝑥 2 ∫ 𝑑𝑦)] √1 + 𝑥𝑑𝑥
0 0 0 3 0

1
𝑦2 𝑥 2 3
∫ [(𝑥(𝑦|0𝑥 )) − (2 ( |0 )) + ( 𝑥 2 (𝑦|0𝑥 ))] √1 + 𝑥𝑑𝑥
0 2 3
1
2 3
∫ [(𝑥 2 ) − (𝑥 2 ) + ( 𝑥 2 (𝑥 ))] √1 + 𝑥𝑑𝑥
0 3
1
2 5 2 1 5
∫ ( 𝑥 2 ) √1 + 𝑥𝑑𝑥 = ∫ (𝑥 2 ) √1 + 𝑥𝑑𝑥
0 3 3 0

𝑢 =𝑥+1 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥
5 5
𝑥 2 = (𝑢 − 1)2
2 5
∫(𝑢 − 1)2 √𝑢 𝑑𝑢 𝑣 = √𝑢 𝑑𝑢 = 2√𝑢 𝑑𝑣 𝑢 = 𝑣2
3
5
2 ∫ 𝑣 2(𝑣 2 − 1)2 𝑑𝑣

𝑣 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 3(𝑤) 𝑤 = arcsec(𝑣 ) 𝑑𝑣 = sec(𝑤) tan(𝑤) 𝑑𝑤

5
∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 3 (𝑤)(𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 (𝑤) − 1)2 tan(𝑤) 𝑑𝑤 = ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 3(𝑤)𝑡𝑎𝑛6 (𝑤)𝑑𝑤

∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 3 (𝑤)(𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 (𝑤) − 1)3 𝑑𝑤 = ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 9 (𝑤) − 3𝑠𝑒𝑐 7(𝑤) + 3𝑠𝑒𝑐 5(𝑤) − 𝑠𝑒𝑐 3 (𝑤) 𝑑𝑤
[∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 9 (𝑤)𝑑𝑤 − 3 ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 7 (𝑤)𝑑𝑤 + 3 ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 5(𝑤) − ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 3(𝑤) 𝑑𝑤]

𝑠𝑒𝑐 7 (𝑤) tan(𝑤) 7

∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 9 (𝑤)𝑑𝑤 = ( ) + ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 7 (𝑤) 𝑑𝑤
8 8

𝑠𝑒𝑐 5 (𝑤) tan(𝑤) 5

∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 7 (𝑤) 𝑑𝑤 = ( ) + ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 5(𝑤) 𝑑𝑤
6 6

𝑠𝑒𝑐 3 (𝑤) tan(𝑤) 3

∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 5 (𝑤) 𝑑𝑤 = ( ) + ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 3(𝑤) 𝑑𝑤
4 4

𝑠𝑒𝑐(𝑤) tan(𝑤) 1
∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 3 (𝑤) 𝑑𝑤 = ( ) + ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐(𝑤) 𝑑𝑤
2 2

∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐(𝑤) 𝑑𝑤 = ln(tan(𝑤) + sec(𝑤))

𝑠𝑒𝑐(𝑤) tan(𝑤) 1 ln(tan(𝑤 ) + sec(𝑤)) tan(𝑤) sec(𝑤)

( ) + ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐(𝑤) 𝑑𝑤 = +
2 2 2 2

𝑠𝑒𝑐 3 (𝑤) tan(𝑤) 3

( ) + ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 3 (𝑤) 𝑑𝑤 = ⋯
4 4

3ln(tan(𝑤) + sec(𝑤)) tan(𝑤) 𝑠𝑒𝑐 3(𝑤) tan(𝑤) 3sec(𝑤)

⋯= + +
8 4 8

𝑠𝑒𝑐 5 (𝑤) tan(𝑤) 5

( ) + ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 5 (𝑤) 𝑑𝑤 = ⋯
6 6

5ln(tan(𝑤) + sec(𝑤)) tan(𝑤) 𝑠𝑒𝑐 5(𝑤) tan(𝑤) 5𝑠𝑒𝑐 3 (𝑤) tan(𝑤 ) 5sec(𝑤)
⋯= + + +
16 6 24 16
 𝑠𝑒𝑐 7 (𝑤) tan(𝑤) 7
( ) + ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 7 (𝑤) 𝑑𝑤 = ⋯
8 8

35 ln(tan(𝑤) + sec(𝑤)) tan(𝑤) 𝑠𝑒𝑐 7(𝑤) tan(𝑤) 7𝑠𝑒𝑐 5 (𝑤)

⋯= + + +⋯
128 8 48
tan(𝑤) 35𝑠𝑒𝑐 3 (𝑤) tan(𝑤) 35sec(𝑤)
⋯+ +
192 128

∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 7 (𝑤) 𝑑𝑤 = ⋯

5ln(tan(𝑤) + sec(𝑤)) tan(𝑤) 𝑠𝑒𝑐 5(𝑤) tan(𝑤) 5𝑠𝑒𝑐 3 (𝑤) tan(𝑤) 5sec(𝑤)
⋯= + + +
16 6 24 16

∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 5 (𝑤) 𝑑𝑤 = ⋯

3ln(tan(𝑤) + sec(𝑤)) tan(𝑤) 𝑠𝑒𝑐 3(𝑤) tan(𝑤) 3sec(𝑤)

⋯= + +
8 4 8

ln(tan(𝑤) + sec(𝑤)) tan(𝑤 ) sec(𝑤)

∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 3 (𝑤) 𝑑𝑤 = +
2 2

∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 9 (𝑤)𝑑𝑤 − 3 ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 7 (𝑤)𝑑𝑤 + 3 ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 5 (𝑤) − ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 3 (𝑤) 𝑑𝑤

5 ln(tan(𝑤) + sec(𝑤)) tan(𝑤) 𝑠𝑒𝑐 7 (𝑤) tan(𝑤) 17𝑠𝑒𝑐 5 (𝑤)

− + − +⋯
128 8 48
tan(𝑤) 59𝑠𝑒𝑐 9(𝑤) 5sec(w)tan(w)
⋯+ −
192 128
𝑤 = arcsec(𝑣)

tan(arcsec(𝑣 )) = √𝑣 2 − 1
sec(arcsec(𝑣 )) = 𝑣

5 ln(√𝑣 2 − 1 + 𝑣) 𝑣 7 √𝑣 2 − 1 17𝑣 5 √𝑣 2 − 1 59𝑣 3 √𝑣 2 − 1 5v√𝑣 2 − 1

− + − + −
128 8 48 192 128
 5
2 ∫ 𝑣 2(𝑣 2 − 1)2 𝑑𝑣 = ⋯

5 ln(√𝑣 2 − 1 + 𝑣) 𝑣 7 √𝑣 2 − 1 17𝑣 5 √𝑣 2 − 1 59𝑣 3 √𝑣 2 − 1 5v√𝑣 2 − 1

⋯=− + − + −
64 4 24 96 64
𝐷𝑒ℎ𝑎𝑔𝑜 𝑙𝑎 𝑠𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑣 = √𝑢
7 5 3
√𝑢 − 1𝑢2 17√𝑢 − 1𝑢2 59√𝑢 − 1𝑢2 5√𝑢 − 1√𝑢 5ln(√𝑢 − 1 + √𝑢)
− + − −
4 24 96 64 64

𝐷𝑒ℎ𝑎𝑔𝑜 𝑙𝑎 𝑠𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑢 = 𝑥 + 1
7 5 3
5 ln(√𝑥 + 1 + √𝑥) √𝑥(𝑥 + 1)2 17√𝑥(𝑥 + 1)2 59√𝑥(𝑥 + 1)2 5√𝑥 √𝑥 + 1
− + − + −
64 4 24 96 64

2 5
∫ (𝑥 2 ) √1 + 𝑥𝑑𝑥 = ⋯
3
7 5 3
5 ln(√𝑥 + 1 + √𝑥) √𝑥(𝑥 + 1)2 17√𝑥(𝑥 + 1)2 59√𝑥(𝑥 + 1)2 5√𝑥 √𝑥 + 1
=− + − + −
96 6 36 144 96
√𝑥 + 1√𝑥 (48𝑥 3 + 8𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 + 15) − 15ln(√𝑥 + 1 + √𝑥)
288

𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑜 𝑙𝑎 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 0 𝑦 1

√1 + 1√1(48(1)3 + 8(1)2 − 10(1) + 15) − 15ln(√1 + 1 + √1)

≈ 𝟎. 𝟐𝟓𝟑𝟔𝟑𝟑𝟒𝟏𝟒𝟗
288
𝐸𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑒𝑗𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑠 5 𝑦 6, 𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑟 ∬(𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑆
𝑆

𝟓. 𝑺: 𝒛 = 𝟑 − 𝒙 − 𝒚, 𝒑𝒓𝒊𝒎𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒄𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒆
𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
= −1 = −1
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦

𝜕𝑧 2 𝜕𝑧
𝑑𝑆 = √1 + ( ) + ( )2 = √1 + (−1)2 + (−1)2 = √3
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦

3 3−𝑥
∬(𝑥𝑦)𝑑𝑆 = ∫ ∫ (𝑥𝑦)√3𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥
0 0
𝑆
3 3−𝑥 3 3
𝑦 2 3−𝑥 (3 − 𝑥)2
√3 ∫ 𝑥 ∫ (𝑦)𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥 = √3 ∫ 𝑥 ( | ) 𝑑𝑥 = √3 ∫ 𝑥 ( ) 𝑑𝑥
0 0 0 2 0 0 2

√3 3 √3 3 √3 3
∫ 𝑥((3 − 𝑥)2 )𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑥(9 − 6𝑥 + 𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑥 = ∫ (9𝑥 − 6𝑥 2 + 𝑥 3 )𝑑𝑥
2 0 2 0 2 0
3 3 3
√3
[(9 ∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ) − (6 ∫ 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 ) + (∫ 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥)]
2 0 0 0

√3 𝑥2 3 𝑥3 3 𝑥4 3
[(9( |0 )) − (6( |0 )) + ( |0 )]
2 2 3 4

√3 (3)2 (3)3 (3)4

[(9 ) − (6 )+( )]
2 2 3 4

√3 81 81
[( ) − (54) + ( )]
2 2 4
√3 81 81
[( ) − (54) + ( )]
2 2 4
√3 27 𝟐𝟕√𝟑
[ ]= ≈ 𝟓. 𝟖𝟒𝟓𝟔𝟕𝟏𝟒𝟕𝟔
2 4 𝟖
𝟔. 𝑺: 𝒛 = 𝒉, 𝟎 ≤ 𝒙 ≤ 𝟐, 𝟎 ≤ 𝒚 ≤ √𝟒 − 𝒙𝟐
𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
= 0 =0
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦

𝜕𝑧 2 𝜕𝑧
𝑑𝑆 = √1 + ( ) + ( )2 = √1 + (0)2 + (0)2 = √1
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦

2 √4−𝑥 2
∬(𝑥𝑦)𝑑𝑆 = ∫ ∫ (𝑥𝑦)√1𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥
0 0
𝑆

2 √4−𝑥 2 2 2
𝑦2 2 (√4 − 𝑥 2 )2
√1 ∫ 𝑥 ∫ (𝑦)𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥 = √1 ∫ 𝑥 ( |√4−𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥 = √1 ∫ 𝑥 ( ) 𝑑𝑥
0 0 0 2 0 0 2

√1 2 1 2 1 2 2
∫ 𝑥(4 − 𝑥 )𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 4𝑥 − 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = [(∫ 4𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ) − ∫ 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 ]
2 3
2 0 2 0 2 0 0
2 2
1 1 𝑥2 𝑥4 1 (2)2 (2)4
[(4 ∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ) − ∫ 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 ] = [4 ( |20 ) − ( |20 )] = [4 ( )−( )]
2 0 0 2 2 4 2 2 4
1 1
[(8) − (4)] = (4) = 𝟐
2 2