Problem Set 2

1. A is a non-empty set. Suppose ā = sup A and a = inf A.

(i) Take α > 0 and define C = {αx | x ∈ A}. Show that, sup C = αā and
inf C = αa.
(ii) Take α < 0 and define C = {αx | x ∈ A}. Show that, inf C = αā and
sup C = αa.
2. A and B are non-empty sets such that a ≤ b for all a ∈ A and b ∈ B.
Show that, sup A ≤ inf B.
3. Let A and B be non-empty bounded sets with A ⊆ B. Show that sup A ≤
sup B and inf A ≥ inf B.
4. Prove or provide counterexample
(i) A finite non-empty set always has maximum and minimum.
(ii) A and B are non-empty sets such that a < b for all a ∈ A and b ∈ B.
Then sup A < inf B.
(iii) If a = sup A then we can find a sequence {an }∞
n=0 such that an ∈ A for
all n and lim an = a.
5. Let lim an = a and lim bn = b
(i) Take the sequence {an bn }∞
n=0 . Show that lim an bn = ab. n o∞
an
(ii) Suppose bn 6= 0 for all n and b 6= 0. Take the sequence bn . Show
  a n=0
that lim abnn = .
b
6. Find the limit of following sequence:
n+3

(−1)n
(i) an = 2n−3 , (ii) an = 2nn , (iii) an = n1
(iv) a1 = 0 and an+1 = 10−a 2
n

(v) 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, (5 zeros), 1, . . .
7. (Squeeze Theorem) If xn ≤ yn ≤ zn for all n and lim xn = lim zn = L
then lim yn = L.
8. Prove or provide counterexample
(i) If a sequence is not bounded then it does not have converging subse-
quence.
(ii) If a monotone sequence diverges then it does not have converging sub-
sequence.
(iii) If a sequence {an }∞n=0 converges then for every  > 0, there exists N
such that |am − an | <  ∀m, n ≥ N .
(iv) IfP{an }∞
n=0 and {bn }P
∞ both diverge then {(a + b )}∞ also diverge.
n=0 n n n=0
(v) If ni=1 ai = 1 then ni=1 a2i ≥ n1 .