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Askep Glucoma & Kelainan Refraksi PDF
Askep Glucoma & Kelainan Refraksi PDF
College of Nursing
Sultan Agung Islamic University
Kornea : lapisan mata yang paling luar
sebagai tempat lewatnya berkas sinar.
Iris : mengatur warna mata dan pengontrol
ukuran pupil.
Pupil : jalan sinar untuk masuk ke dalam
mata bagian dalam.
Lensa : untuk akomodasi penglihatan.
Retina : tempat terbentuknya bayangan.
Glaucoma or Increased intraocular pressure (IOP) is
the result of inadequate drainage of
aqueous humor from the anterior chamber of
the eye. It is a condition that causes damage to
your eye’s optic nerve and gets worse over
time. The increased pressure causes atrophy of the
optic nerve and, if untreated, blindness. Glaucoma
tends to be inherited and may not show up until
later in life (Matt, 2013).
Affects 65 million people worldwide
There is no cure
Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of
blindness
The leading cause of blindness in African
Americans (6-8 times more common than in
Caucasians)
Accounts for over seven million physician
visits annually
Activities of daily life
(driving, sports, etc)
may be affected by:
◦ Decreased contrast
sensitivity
◦ Light sensitivity
◦ Difficulty with glare
Need to establish
new habits and
routines for
medication
Optic Nerve
Ciliary Body
Angleof the
Anterior
Chamber
Congenital:
◦ inherited condition appearing in infants,
incomplete development of the drainage canals
during the prenatal period
Secondary:
◦ results from another cause such as drugs, injury,
tumor, inflammation
Primary/Open Angle:
◦ most common form, the
correct amount of fluid can’t
drain out of the eye (clogged
pipe)
Angle Closure
Glaucoma:
◦ rarest form, eye pressure rises
quickly when drainage canals
are blocked/covered (sink
stopper)
Tonometer:
measures pressure
Pachymeter:
measures corneal thickness
Visual field test:
measures peripheral vision
Ophthalmoscopy:
direct observation of optic
nerve
Imaging Technology:
scans optic nerve and
retinal nerve fiber
Gonioscopy: use of mirrors
to see interior of eye
Penderita dirawat dan dipersiapkan untuk
operasi. Dievaluasi tekanan intraokuler (TIO)
dan keadaan mata. Bila TIO tetap tidak turun,
lakukan operasi segera. Sebelumnya berikan
infus manitol 20% 300-500 ml, 60
tetes/menit. Jenis operasi, iridektomi atau
filtrasi, ditentukan berdasarkan hasil
pemeriksaab gonoskopi setelah pengobatan
medikamentosa.
Pasien diminta datang teratur 6 bulan sekali,
dinilai tekanan bola mata dan lapang
pandang. Bila lapang pandang semakin
memburuk,meskipun hasil pengukuran
tekanan bola mata dalam batas normal, terapi
ditingkatkan. Dianjurkan berolahraga dan
minum harus sedikit-sedikit.
Nursing care planning and management for
patients with glaucoma include: preventing
further visual deterioration, promote
adaptation to changes in reduced visual
acuity, prevent complications and injury.
Here are three (4) nursing diagnosis for
glaucoma:
1.
2.
3.
4.