Relative Quantity Symbol Value Units (SI) uncertainty ppm T Speed of Tight mn vacuum © 799 782 58 Test exact 2 Permeability of vacuum bs 4z x10 NA* exact 3° Permittivity of vacuum €o=L/poc* 8.854 187 817... x10~? exact 4 Newtonian constant of gravitation G 6.672 59(85) x10“ 128 5. Planck constant h 6.626 075 5(40) x10-% 0.60 6 hbar h/2e 1.054 572 65(63) x10-%4 Js 0.60 7 Elementary charge e 1.602 177 33(49) x10—!# iG 0.20 8 Electron mass 9.109 389 7(54) x10-* 0.59 1,672 623 1(10) x10-” 1,674 928 6(10) x10-?" 6.022 136 7(36) x10? 1,660 540 2(10) x10-77 8314 510(70) 1,880 658(12) «10-28 0.022 414 10(19) 96 485.309(29) 2.067 834 61(61) *10~"* 9.274 015 4(31) x10-% 5.050 786 6(17) x10-7" Proton mass 10 Neutron mass 11 Avagadro constant 12 Atomic mass constant 13 Molar gas constant 14 Boltzmann constant 15 Molar volume (ideal gos), STP 16 Faraday constant 17 Magnetic flux quantum 18 Bohr magneton 19 Nuclear magneton 20. Fine structure constant 7.207 353 08(33) 10-2 0.045 21 Inverse fine structure constant 137.035 989 5(61) 0.085 22. Rydberg constant 10 973 731.594(13) m? 0.0012 28° Rydberg constant in eV 13.605 698 1(40) ev 0.30 24 Bohr radius a5 = 0/47 Rae 0.529 177 249(24) «10-1 m 0.045 25 Quantum of circulation h/2mg 3.636 948 07(33) x10~* sm? s?_—0,089 26 Electron specific charge ~e/me -1.758 819 62(53) x10" Ck“? 0.30 27 Electron Compton wavelength Aimee 2.496 310 58(22) «10-22 m 0.089 28 Electron classical radius 05 2.817 940 92(38) 10-18 m 0.13, 29° Electron magnetic moment be 928.477 01(31) x10-* JT 0.34 30. Electron mag. moment anomaly ae = He/up 1.159 652 193(10) x10-* 0.0086 31 Electron g-factor Ge = 2 +04) 2,002 319 304 386(20) 0.00001 32° Muon mass my 1.883 582 7(11) x10™ kg 0.61 33 Muon magnetic moment Sy 4.490 451 4(15) x10“ IT 033 34 Muon mag. moment anomaly ay = [h4/(eh/2m,)}—1 1.165 993 0(84) 10-2 72 35 Muon g-factor 92 = 21 +a,) 2.002 331 845(17) 0.0084 36 Proton magnetic mement bp 1.410 607 61(47) x10-% 0.34 37. Proton gyromagnetic ratio » 26 752.212 8(81) x10" 0.30 38 Neutron magnetic moment Hn 0.966 237 07(40) x10~2 0.41 39° Stefan-Boltzmann constant [60)K/ 82 5.670 51(19) «10-8 34 40 First radiation constant shot 3.741 774 9(22) 10-18 0.60 41 Second radiation constant he/k 0.014 387 69(12) a4 42° Electron volt eV=(e/CM={e)3 1.602 17 33(49) x10— 0.30 43. Atomic mass unit a 1.860 540 2(10) x10-2” 0.29 44° Standard atmosphere am 101 325 Pa exact 45__Standard acceleration of gravity a 9.806 65, ms? ___exact Notation: 1.602 177 33(49) «10-1? C means (1.602 177 33 + 0,000 000 49) x19-!° © Pkg) st A? Pa mikgs-20 0 Takgs? A") WaJs7) =m? igs? Fm! =(C/V)mt =m kg st A? Tsakgst A? JT = maPreiix ] Exponent | symbol | Prefix | Exp. | symbol | Prefix | Exp. | symbol | Preix | Exp. symbol deci a d | deca | 1 | da Jeenti | -2 | c |/heto | 2 |b milli 3 m |klo | 3 | k |mico| -6 | u |/meg | 6 | M nano 9 n |gige | 9 | G | pico | 12) » [ter | 12 | 7 femto | 15 £ | peta | 15 Pj atto | -18 a ff exe 18 E zepto | 21 z [eve |_| 2 yoo] 2 | x lyon | | ¥ Note: “giga” is pronounced with the first g soft, the second g hard, as in “gigantic” Metric Prefixes wait unin ‘definition saiie "Taz | 2 . | ‘meter m | length The length of the path travelled by light in vacuum during a time interval of 1/299 792 458 of a second. [1983] Kilogrem | kg | mass ‘The mass of the intemztional prototype of the kilogram. [1901] second s | time The duration of 9 192 631 770 periods of the radiation | | corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine lovels of the ground state of the cesium-133 atom. [1967] | ampere | A | electric current | That constant current which, if maintained in two straight parallel || conductors of infinite length, of negligible circular cross-section, and placed 1 meter apart in vacuum, would produce between these conductors a force equal to 2 x 10-7 newton per meter of length. [1948] kelvin K | temperature | The fraction '/273.16 of the thermodynamic temperature cf the triple point of water. [1987] mole mo! | amount ‘The amount of substance of a system which contains as many of substance | elementary entities as there are atoms in 0.012 kilogram of carbon-12. || When the mole is used, the elementary entities must be specified and may be atoms, molecules, ions, electrons, other particles, } or specified groups of such particles. [1971] candela | cd | luminous The luminous intensity, in a given direction, of a source which emits intensity monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 x 10!? Hz radiant intensity in that direction of (*/683) W per steradian. [1979] Tadian Tad_| plane angle | "2m of a circle | steradian | _st__| solid angle */ar of a sphere ‘The radian and steradian are not properly base units, hey are usually considered to be derived wala, (m- m7!) and (m? . m=?) respectively. They are of dimension 1 and may be omitted if they are not needed for clarity. ‘SI base units rom to SL. multiply by | fom vo Si multiply by inch 7 0.0254 foot ™ 0.3048 BIU J 10 eal J 4186 ounce (mass) kg 0.02835 pound (mass) kg 0.453.592 37 horsepower W746 mph mst 0.44704 mmHg Nm? 133.322 pst Nm? 6894.76 fiuid ounce =m? 2.957 353x107 | pint m> 4.731 765x10-! | gallon m? 3.785 412x107% | °F °C te = (5/9)(tr — 32) English to 8.1. Conversions References: Guide for metric practice”, Robert A. Nelson, Physics Today, August 1993, pp. 15-16 ymbols, Units, and Nomenclature”, E. Richard Cohen, Encyclopedia of Physics, pp. 1217-1232 “Symbols. Units, Nomenclature and Fundamental Constants in Physics, 1987 revision”, E. Richard Cohen and Pierre Giacomo, Document I.U.P.A.P.-25 (SUNAMCO 87-1), Physica, 164A, (1987) pp. 1-64 “Guide for the Use of the International System of Units’, NIST Special Publication 811.