Léon-Étienne Duval

Léon-Étienne Duval (9 November 1903 – 30 May 1996) was a

His Eminence
French prelate and cardinal of the Catholic Church in Algeria. He
served as Archbishop of Algiers from 1954 to 1988, and was Léon-Étienne Duval
elevated to the cardinalate in 1965. Archbishop of Algiers

Contents
Biography
Episcopal lineage
References
External links

Biography
Church Catholic Church
Léon-Étienne Duval was born in Chênex, Haute-Savoie, France, and
attended the seminary in Annecy before going to Rome, where he Archdiocese Algiers
studied alongside Marcel Lefebvre at the Pontifical French Appointed 3 February 1954
Seminary. Ordained to the priesthood on 18 December 1926, he then Term ended 19 April 1988
did pastoral work in Annecy until 1942, whilst teaching at the
seminary and serving as Director of Works. During World War II, Predecessor Auguste-Fernand
Duval supported the French Resistance and was wary of the Vichy Leynaud
regime.[1] He was an honorary canon and vicar general of Algiers Successor Henri Teissier
from 1942 to 1946.
Opposed to Imperialism,
On 3 November 1946 Duval was appointed Bishop of Constantine Algerian War
by Pope Pius XII. He received his episcopal consecration on 11 Orders
February 1947 from Bishop Auguste Cesbron, with Bishops Raoul
Ordination 18 December 1926
Harscouêt and Léon Terrier serving as co-consecrators. Duval was
later named Archbishop of Algiers on 3 February 1954. Consecration 11 February 1947
by Auguste Cesbron
Duval championed the independence of Algeria, and encouraged
Created 22 February 1965
peace among Muslims, Christians, and Jews.[1][2] In early 1962, he
cardinal by Pope Paul VI
denounced the urban warfare that occurred during the Algerian War
as "an offense against God,"[3] to the anger of the pieds-noirs of his Personal details
flock, who subsequently called him "Mohammed Duval." He Born 9 November 1903
participated in the Second Vatican Council from 1962 to 1965. Chênex, Haute-
Duval, assisted by Cardinals Julius Döpfner and Raúl Silva
Savoie, France
Henríquez, delivered one of the closing messages of the Council on
8 December 1965.[4] He also served as President of the North Died 30 May 1996
African Episcopal Conference from 1963 to 1988. He was opposed (aged 92)
to Action Française, which supported establishing Catholicism as Algiers, Algeria
the state religion, because he believed that faith and politics should Buried Basilica of Our Lady
of Africa, Algiers,
remain separate.[1] Duval was a schoolmate of the Traditionalist Algeria
Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre, and in August 1976, Duval urged him Nationality France (before
to fully submit himself to the authority of the pope.[1] 1965)
Pope Paul VI created him cardinal-priest of S. Balbina in the Algeria (after
consistory of 22 February 1965. Duval was one of the cardinal 1965)
electors who participated in the conclaves of August and October Previous Bishop of
1978, which selected Popes John Paul I and John Paul II post Constantine (1946–
respectively. He occupied Room 86 at the cardinal electors' 1954)
residence for the August 1978 conclave, sharing a shower with Leo
Suenens, Raúl Silva Henríquez, and Juan Ricketts.[5] Alma mater Pontifical French
Seminary
Following the public murder of his auxiliary bishop, Gaston Marie Motto Latin: In caritate
Jacquier, in 1976, Duval ordered his priests in the Archdiocese of omnia
Algiers not to wear the religious habit in public or to display the
(In Love of All
cross conspicuously.[6] In the years that followed, the archdiocese's
Things)
churches stopped ringing their bells to avoid inciting Islamic
extremist violence.[6]
Styles of
Because of his humanitarian and anti-imperialist works, the Duval Léon-Étienne Duval
was chosen by the Revolutionary Council as one of four clergymen
who would visit the hostages held in the American embassy in
Tehran on Christmas Day 1979.[7] On 19 April 1988 he resigned as
Algiers' archbishop, after thirty-four years of service.
Reference style His Eminence
Duval died in Algiers, at age 92. He is buried in the Basilica de
Spoken style Your Eminence
Notre-Dame d’Afrique of that same city. Following his death, John
Paul II remarked that, "He will remain a light and an encouragement Informal style Cardinal
on a long and difficult road at a moment in which the Christian See Algiers (emeritus)
community in Algeria is facing testing times".[8]

Episcopal lineage
Cardinal Scipione Rebiba
Cardinal Giulio Antonio Santorio (1566)
Cardinal Girolamo Bernerio, OP (1586)
Archbishop Galeazzo Sanvitale (1604)
Cardinal Ludovico Ludovisi (1621)
Cardinal Luigi Caetani (1622)
Cardinal Ulderico Carpegna (1630)
Cardinal Paluzzo Paluzzi Altieri degli Albertoni (1666)
Pope Benedict XIII (1675)
Pope Benedict XIV (1724)
Pope Clement XIII (1743)
Cardinal Gian Francesco Albani (1760)
Cardinal Carlo Rezzonico (1773)
Archbishop Antonio Dugnani (1785)
Archbishop Jean-Charles de Coucy (1790)
Archbishop Gustave Maximilien Juste de Croÿ-Solre (1820)
Bishop Charles Auguste Marie Joseph, Count of Forbin-Janson (1824)
 Cardinal Ferdinand-François-Auguste Donnet (1835)
Archbishop Jean-Emile Fonteneau (1875)
Bishop Charles-Évariste-Joseph Coeuret-Varin (1885)
Bishop Joseph Rumeau (1899)
Bishop Jean-Camille Costes (1924)
Bishop Auguste-Léon-Alexis Cesbron (1940)
Archbishop Léon-Étienne Duval (1947)

References
1. Commonweal. A Tale of Two Prelates: An Ecumenist and a Schismatic (http://findarticles.com/
p/articles/mi_m1252/is_n2_v124/ai_19279938) January 31, 1997
2. United States Institute of Peace. The St. Egidio Platform for a Peaceful Solution of the Algerian
Crisis (http://www.usip.org/pubs/peaceworks/smock20/chap3_20.html) Archived (https://web.ar
chive.org/web/20070618223400/http://www.usip.org/pubs/peaceworks/smock20/chap3_20.htm
l) 2007-06-18 at the Wayback Machine
3. TIME Magazine. "Offense Against God" (http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,93
8305,00.html) February 9, 1962
4. Christus Rex. To Women (http://www.christusrex.org/www1/CDHN/v19.html) Archived (https://
web.archive.org/web/20070403055431/http://www.christusrex.org/www1/CDHN/v19.html)
2007-04-03 at the Wayback Machine
5. Pham, John-Peter. "Heirs of the Fisherman: Behind the Scenes of Papal Death and
Succession". Oxford University Press, 2007
6. Kiser, John (2003-02-28). The Monks of Tibhirine: Faith, Love, and Terror in Algeria (https://bo
oks.google.com/books?id=AMm7WE4IpPIC&pg=PA333&lpg=PA333&dq=Gaston-Marie+Jacqu
ier&source=bl&ots=OSgu8uuaV8&sig=8ubwja42jURdM60IS3u9_C7ErJk&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0
ahUKEwjQivLjwcjUAhUGGz4KHc1qCoE4HhDoAQgwMAI#v=onepage&q=Gaston-Marie%20J
acquier&f=false). Macmillan. p. 47. ISBN 9780312302948.
7. TIME Magazine. "We Wept Together" (http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,9238
62-1,00.html) January 7, 1980
8. New York Times. Cardinal Duval, 92, Critic of French Army (https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullp
age.html?res=9D01E3DB1E39F932A05756C0A960958260) May 31, 1996

External links
Miranda, Salvador. "DUVAL, Léon-Étienne (1903-1996)" (http://webdept.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bio
s1965.htm#Duval). The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. Florida International University.
Catholic-Hierarchy (http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bduval.html)

Catholic Church titles

Preceded by Bishop of Constantine Succeeded by
Emile-François Thiénard 1946–1954 Paul-Joseph Pinier
Preceded by Succeeded by
Archbishop of Algiers
Auguste-Fernand Henri Antoine Marie
1954–1988
Leynaud Teissier

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