The Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel (UEK) is a Linux kernel built by Oracle and supported via Oracle

Linux support. Its focus is performance, stability, and minimal backports by tracking the mainline sou
rce code as closely as is practical. UEK is well-tested and used to run Oracle's Engineered Systems, Or
acle Cloud Infrastructure, and large enterprise deployments for Oracle customers.

The source for UEK has always been available at oss.oracle.com, as a git repository with full git histo
ry. By posting the UEK source here on github.com we hope to increase the visibility for our work and
to make it even easier for people to access the source for UEK. We will also use this repository for wo
rking with developers at partner companies and in the Linux community.

Current Branches
This repository hosts source code for UEK versions which are in development and in production.

UEK Rel/Tag Linux Kernel version Rel Status Target Arch Target Userspace Distr
uek5/master
v4.14.35-1949 v4.14 Production x86_64, aarch64 Oracle Linux 7
uek5/u2
v4.14.35-1902.8.4 v4.14 Production x86_64, aarch64 Oracle Linux 7
uek5/u1
v4.14.35-1844.6.5 v4.14 Production x86_64, aarch64 Oracle Linux 7
uek5/ga
v4.14.35-1818.5.14 v4.14 Production x86_64, aarch64 Oracle Linux 7
uek4/qu7
v4.1.12-124.34.1v4.1 Production x86_64, SPARC Oracle Linux 6, Oracle Linux 7
uek3/master
v3.8.13-118.40.1v3.8 Production x86_64 Oracle Linux 6, Oracle Linux 7
uek2/master
v2.6.39-400.317.1 v3.0 Production x86_64, SPARC Oracle Linux 5, Oracle Linux 6
This repository contains the source for the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel including a small number of
Oracle additions which have not yet been accepted into the mainline Linux kernel source tree.

Building from this repository requires libdtrace-ctf in addition to standard kernel build tools.

Refresh Schedule
This repository will be refreshed weekly as new development versions are available.

Linux Development at Oracle

Oracle is a long-time contributor to Linux and we have always had a strong emphasis on upstreaming
and open-sourcing our changes to the kernel. Keeping our changes open source allows us to integrate
with upstream Linux kernels quickly, which also means we have state-of-the-art drivers and
filesystems, hardware support, and security fixes from the community...in addition to the work we
have contributed ourselves. Read more on the Oracle Linux Kernel Blog.

Since 2007, Oracle has contributed more than 400,000 lines of code to Linux, and been ranked in the
top 15 all-time contributors to Linux with more than 7,500 changesets. For example, Btrfs OCFS2,
and RDS were originally written and submitted at Oracle. Also XFS —whose maintainer works at
Oracle— and NFS have seen significant contributions.

Oracle's Linux team is a top ten contributor in each upstream kernel release. Our mission is to improve
Linux, which means higher performance, better security, and more advanced diagnosability. We also
focus on the fundamentals of the OS, improving the scheduler and core memory allocation routines.

And, we're hiring!

Issues, Pull Requests and Support
Please ask questions, report issues or provide suggestions in the Oracle Linux and UEK Preview space
in the Oracle Developer Community. We will not accept pull requests via GitHub, but pointers to upst
ream commits are welcomed.

The UEK source is published here without support. For compiled binaries and a supported enterprise
distribution, Oracle Linux is free to download, distribute and use and can be obtained from http://ww
w.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/linux/downloads/index.html. Individual packages and upda
tes are available on the Oracle Linux yum server

SPARC64 is not a supported platform for Oracle Linux.

APPLIES TO:
Linux OS - Version Oracle Linux 5.6 with Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel [2.6.32] and later
Linux x86-64

PURPOSE
This document provides the UEK GA list of the Oracle Enterprise Kernel and its rpm packages.

DETAILS
Kernel rpm package:

kernel-2.6.32-100.0.19.el5.x86_64.rpm

Stock rpm packages:

device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9-23.0.4.el5.x86_64.rpm
device-mapper-multipath-libs-0.4.9-23.0.4.el5.x86_64.rpm
irqbalance-0.55-16.el5.x86_64.rpm
kernel-doc-2.6.32-100.0.19.el5.noarch.rpm
kernel-firmware-2.6.32-100.0.19.el5.x86_64.rpm
kernel-headers-2.6.32-100.0.19.el5.x86_64.rpm
kexec-tools-1.102pre-96.1.1.el5_5.2.x86_64.rpm
kpartx-0.4.9-23.0.4.el5.x86_64.rpm
latencytop-0.5-2.el5.x86_64.rpm
libbdevid-python-5.1.19.6-61.0.3.el5_5.2.x86_64.rpm
mcelog-0.9pre-1.30.el5.x86_64.rpm
mkinitrd-5.1.19.6-61.0.3.el5_5.2.i386.rpm
mkinitrd-5.1.19.6-61.0.3.el5_5.2.x86_64.rpm
nash-5.1.19.6-61.0.3.el5_5.2.x86_64.rpm
net-snmp-5.3.2.2-9.0.1.el5_5.1.x86_64.rpm
net-snmp-libs-5.3.2.2-9.0.1.el5_5.1.i386.rpm
net-snmp-libs-5.3.2.2-9.0.1.el5_5.1.x86_64.rpm
net-snmp-perl-5.3.2.2-9.0.1.el5_5.1.x86_64.rpm
net-snmp-utils-5.3.2.2-9.0.1.el5_5.1.x86_64.rpm
ocfs2console-1.6.3-2.el5.x86_64.rpm
ocfs2-tools-1.6.3-2.el5.x86_64.rpm
ofa-2.6.32-100.0.19.el5-1.5.1-4.0.20.x86_64.rpm
oracle-linux-5.0.0-4.el5.noarch.rpm
oraclelinux-release-5-5.0.2.x86_64.rpm
oracle-validated-1.1.0-3.el5.x86_64.rpm
ql2xxx-firmware-1.01.01-0.1.el5.noarch.rpm
reflink-0.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm
util-linux-2.13-0.52.0.1.el5_4.1.x86_64.rpm

Debug and Devel rpm packages:

kernel-debug-2.6.32-100.0.19.el5.x86_64.rpm
kernel-debug-devel-2.6.32-100.0.19.el5.x86_64.rpm
kernel-devel-2.6.32-100.0.19.el5.x86_64.rpm
mkinitrd-devel-5.1.19.6-61.0.3.el5_5.2.i386.rpm
mkinitrd-devel-5.1.19.6-61.0.3.el5_5.2.x86_64.rpm
net-snmp-devel-5.3.2.2-9.0.1.el5_5.1.i386.rpm
net-snmp-devel-5.3.2.2-9.0.1.el5_5.1.x86_64.rpm
ocfs2-tools-devel-1.6.3-2.el5.x86_64.rpm

Source rpm packages:

irqbalance-0.55-16.el5.src.rpm
kernel-2.6.32-100.0.19.el5.src.rpm
kexec-tools-1.102pre-96.1.1.el5_5.2.src.rpm
latencytop-0.5-2.el5.src.rpm
mcelog-0.9pre-1.30.el5.src.rpm
mkinitrd-5.1.19.6-61.0.3.el5_5.2.src.rpm
net-snmp-5.3.2.2-9.0.1.el5_5.1.src.rpm
ocfs2-tools-1.6.3-2.el5.src.rpm
ofa-2.6.32-100.0.19.el5-1.5.1-4.0.20.src.rpm
oracle-linux-5.0.0-4.el5.src.rpm
oracle-validated-1.1.0-3.el5.src.rpm
oraclelinux-release-5-5.0.2.src.rpm
ql2xxx-firmware-1.01.01-0.1.el5.src.rpm
reflink-0.1.0-1.src.rpm
util-linux-2.13-0.52.0.1.el5_4.1.src.rpm

Note: Ocfs2 and Oracle ASMLib are part of the kernel, no separate rpm package needed:

[root@el5u564 ~]# modinfo ocfs2

filename: /lib/modules/2.6.32-100.0.19.el5/kernel/fs/ocfs2/ocfs2.ko
license: GPL
author: Oracle
version: 1.6.3
description: OCFS2 1.6.3
srcversion: 41599A832F1EF6D8C4AD15C
depends: ocfs2_stackglue,ocfs2_nodemanager
vermagic: 2.6.32-100.0.19.el5 SMP mod_unload
[root@el5u564 ~]#

[root@el5u564 ~]# modinfo oracleasm

filename: /lib/modules/2.6.32-100.0.19.el5/kernel/drivers/block/oracleasm/oracleasm.ko
description: Kernel driver backing the Generic Linux ASM Library.
author: Joel Becker <joel.becker@oracle.com>
version: 2.0.6
license: GPL
srcversion: BB13CDD65668CBDA51D0C25
depends:
vermagic: 2.6.32-100.0.19.el5 SMP mod_unload
[root@el5u564 ~]#

Note: No Xen kernel is needed, UEK has the paravirtualised drivers in the base kernel.

[root@el5u564 ~]# modprobe -l |grep xen

/lib/modules/2.6.32-100.0.19.el5/kernel/drivers/xen/evtchn.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.32-100.0.19.el5/kernel/drivers/net/netxen/netxen_nic.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.32-100.0.19.el5/kernel/drivers/block/xen-blkfront.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.32-100.0.19.el5/kernel/drivers/net/xen-netfront.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.32-100.0.19.el5/kernel/drivers/xen/xenfs/xenfs.ko
[root@el5u564 ~]#

All above rpm packages are available at:

http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL5/5/base/x86_64/
and on the ULN (linux.oracle.com) under the channel:

ol5_x86_64_latest - Oracle Linux 5 Latest (x86_64): All packages required for Unbreakable
Enterprise Kernel

PURPOSE
On September 19, 2010 Oracle announced the availability of the Oracle Unbreakable Enterprise
Kernel, a fast, modern, reliable Linux kernel that is optimized for Oracle software and hardware. This
FAQ aims to answer the most common questions about the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel.

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

What does the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel Provide?
Please see the Oracle's Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel Overview.

What is the version for the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel?

The Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel is derived from the stable 2.6.32 mainline Linux kernel. The
Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel will continue to track mainline; users will benefit from both Oracle
innovation and community enhancements faster. The initial version made available is 2.6.32-
100.0.19.el5
The Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel Release 2 is Oracle's second major release of its heavily tested and
optimized operating system kernel for Oracle Linux 5, Oracle Linux 6 and Oracle Linux 7. It is based
on the mainline Linux 3.0 version 3.0.16. See release notes for further information.
Note: For Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel Release 2, the actual version number displayed by the kernel
and on the RPM packages is 2.6.39. This was done to avoid potential breakage of certain low-level
utilities of the Oracle Linux distribution (also known as the "plumbing") that potentially can't cope
with the new 3.x version scheme. Regular Linux applications are usually not aware or affected by
Linux kernel version numbers.
The Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel Release 3 is Oracle’s third major release and is only available for
Oracle Linux 6 and Oracle Linux 7 on x86-64 platforms. It is based on the mainline Linux 3.8 kernel.
See release notes for further information.
The Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel Release 4 is Oracle’s fourth major release and is only available for
Oracle Linux 6 and Oracle Linux 7 on x86-64 platforms. It is based on the mainline Linux 4.1 kernel.
See release notes for further information.
The Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel Release 5 is Oracle’s fifth major release and is only available for
Oracle Linux 7 update 5 and later on x86-64 and ARM 64-bit (aarch64) platforms. It is based on the
mainline Linux 4.14 LTS (Long Term Stable) kernel. See release notes for further information.
Does one need to do a re-installation of Linux OS to have the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel?
No. See below too:

Existing Oracle Linux 5.5 (or higher) and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.5 (or higher) customers can
easily upgrade to the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel. Reinstall of the operating system is not required.
For the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel Release 2, it needs to be installed on Oracle Linux 5 Update 8
or newer, as well as Oracle Linux 6 Update 2 or newer. If you're still running an older version of
Oracle Linux, make sure to first update your system to the latest available update release.
For the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel Release 3, it needs to be installed on Oracle Linux 6 Updated 2
or Oracle Linux 7 or newer running on the x86-64 platform.
For the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel Release 4, it needs to be installed on Oracle Linux 6 Updated 7
or Oracle Linux 7 Update 1 or newer running on the x86-64 platform.
For the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel Release 5, it needs to be installed on Oracle Linux 7 Update 5
or newer running on the x86-64 or AMD 64-bit (aarch64) platforms.
Is there a Red Hat compatible kernel still available with Oracle Linux?
Yes. Oracle Linux continues to include Oracle's existing Red Hat Compatible Kernel. Customers can
choose to run the Red Hat Compatible Kernel or the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel.

What about my third-party applications?

Third-party user-space applications that run on RHEL 5/6/7 or Oracle Linux 5/6/7 should run
unchanged on Oracle Linux with the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel, while delivering significant
performance and reliability improvements. See Technical Article: Certification with Oracle Linux.

For which platforms is the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel available?

The Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel Release 1 and Release 2 are available for x86 and x86_64
architectures. The Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel Release 3, 4, 5 are only available for x86_64
architecture.The UEK5 is also available for or ARM 64-bit (aarch64) architecture.
Where to get the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel?

The Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel is provided via Unbreakable Linux Network (ULN) and the the
Oracle Linux YUM Server.

The Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel Release 2 and Release 2 are provided via dedicated channels on
the Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network and the Oracle Public Yum repository.

Oracle Linux 5
Look for "Channel: Oracle Linux 5 Latest (x86_64)" in ULN and [ol5_u5_base] in public-yum-
el5.repo (for public YUM server). After required repository setups are done, you can perform the
installation but initiating an install ("up2date -i" / "yum install") for:

kernel
kernel-uek (since version 2.6.32-100.26.2.el5)
oracle-linux
oracle-validated
See also:

Oracle Linux Release Notes (Release 5 Update 5) Document 1210890.1

for further information.
For the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel Release 2, look for "Channel: Latest Unbreakable Enterprise
Kernel for Oracle Linux 5 (i386 or x86_64)" in ULN and [ol5_UEK_base] in public-yum-el5.repo
(for public YUM server).

Oracle Linux 6
The kernel-uek package is installed as the default boot kernel with Oracle Linux 6. The Red Hat
compatible kernel is installed too, but it is not the default for bootup.

You may also find the kernel-uek package on ULN, Channel: Oracle Linux 6 Latest (x86_64) or in the
YUM server, [ol6_ga_base] in public-yum-el6.repo.

See also:

Oracle Linux 6 Release Notes Document 1292376.1

For the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel Release 2, look for "Channel: Latest Unbreakable Enterprise
Kernel for Oracle Linux 6 (i386 or x86_64)" in ULN and [ol6_UEK_latest] in public-yum-ol6.repo
(for YUM server).

The Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel Release 3 can be found in the "Latest packages for Unbreakable
Enterprise Kernel Release 3 for Oracle Linux 6 (x86_64)” channel on ULN or in the
ol6_UEKR3_latest repository on public-yum.oracle.com

The Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel Release 4 can be found in the "Latest packages for Unbreakable
Enterprise Kernel Release 4 for Oracle Linux 6 (x86_64)” channel on ULN or in the
ol6_UEKR4_latest repository on public-yum.oracle.com

Oracle Linux 7
The kernel-uek package is installed as the default boot kernel with Oracle Linux 7. The Red Hat
Compatible Kernel is also installed, but is not the default.

You may also find the kernel-uek packages on ULN Channel: "Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel release
3 for Oracle Linux 7 (x86_64) -Latest" or in the old_UEKr3_latest repository on public-
yum.oracle.com.

You may also find the kernel-uek packages on ULN Channel: "Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel release
4 for Oracle Linux 7 (x86_64) -Latest" in the repository on public-yum.oracle.com.

You may also find the kernel-uek packages for UEK5 on ULN Channel: "Unbreakable Enterprise
Kernel release 5 for Oracle Linux 7 (x86_64 or aarch64) -Latest" in the repository on public-
yum.oracle.com.

Is a Paravirtualized Kernel Available?

Yes. However it is not a standalone kernel-xen RPM. The required files are provided in the kernel-
2.6.32-100.0.19.el5 (or later) package. The kernel RPM provides support for all kernel types that are
meant to be supported for x86_64.

The Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel (all releases) is a paravirt_ops enabled kernel which allows it to
automatically detect whether it is being booted in paravirtual mode. No additional packages need to be
installed.

How to get related ASMLib modules for the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel?
The ASMLib modules are already included in the kernel RPM.
How to get third party drivers / modules for the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel?
Most of the modern hardware drivers / modules are available with the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel
as it is based on a recent stable mainline kernel (starting with 2.6.32). If there is a driver / module that
seems to be missing, you can engage Oracle Linux Support via My Oracle Support by creating a
Service Request.

How to get support for the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel?

Under the Oracle Linux Support Program, customers can receive full support for Oracle Linux
running with either the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel or the Red Hat Compatible Kernel.

Is the Oracle Linux Yum server accessible to customers who have not purchased support?

Yes. The Oracle Yum server offers a free and convenient way to install the latest Oracle Linux
packages as well as packages from the Oracle VM installation media via a yum client (refer to
http://public-yum.oracle.com/) However, This yum server is offered without support of any kind.