4 Report Language - Task 1 (AC) Upward trends Downward trends — ~~ Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun (eoprise | se | Geopescatate | escalation | Ro)decrease | decrease | (o)nosedive | roseave | Gopnerease | increase | (o)surge | (up)surve | (to)dectine | decline | Gojdetenerate | deterioration (oyerow | grown | Gfopdouble | doude | aartalimeag | fal (top tail oft | (e)improve | imorovement | ayelimax | —cimax | (to) drop drop | (to) plummet E (o)jume | ieme | op triple : a) reduce | reduction | “Gayhave - () leap teop | We) aueonisle = (co)sump | stump | (o)godown : (€o) boom | boom (0) soar E (to) plunge | purse | (Ra) shrink : (to) peak peak | qwjatyroccer 0) dip ip (o) dive : (eprecover | recovery | Co) rocket : (opeoiapse | colepse S| teeta (dim | cmd | (Re) goup : (to) side slide z trough Gepswel | sve F “punvapmng | (ta) amine | dwindle SE] cownturn Stable trends | (to) remain the same fo) remain consistent ____—_| (to) experience a period of stability (Co) remain steady (to) hold steady (to) remain constant (to) stay the same (to) even out (fo) remain static (to) level out (to) remain relatively unchanged (to) level off (to) (Co) stay @ steady level (to) maintain the same level (to) reach a plateau The (trend figure) was/is/will be fat (a) remain (Fairly) stable Fluctuating trends (to) fluctuate (wildly) ——_—s™ (to) rise and fall erratically (to) show some variation/ fluctuation (to) go through an erratic period Wild fluctuations in the rate of (to) experience a period of votatl (0) vary (widely /considerably/enormousty) (Qo) experience a period of erratic behaviour (to) enter a period of fluctuation (to) fluctuate (milaly/stightiy) (fo) experience a period of instability (to) witness considerable variation Degree of change (large movements) Dramatic (ally) Considerable (Iy) | Sharp (ty) Marked (¥y) [ sioninicant cy) Rapid (Wy) Noticeable (¥y) Steep (Iv) Enormous (ly) ‘Substantial (iy) Massive (Iv) Abrupt (ly) Great (Iy)/ Huge (ly) Exponential (ly) Remarkable (ly) Degree of change (small movements) Insignificant (Iy) Slight (iy) Negligible Gentie(ly) Marginal (ly) Relative (ly) =] Minimal (¥y) Inconsiderable ‘Siow (1) Focusing on an item in the graph ‘As regards../ Regarding../ With regard to... | With respect to. As for. ‘Concerning. In terms of. [As far as... is concerned. | In the case of. When it comes to Turing to Telegram: @BritishCouncilOfficial Report Language - Task 1 (AC)€ Report Language - Task 1 (AC) Select text Time phrases | from 2008 onwards ‘over the last year ~over the first ten months after 2005 ~_| nin 2008 ~- during Since 2005 since then ‘over the course of 8 year during this 5-year period from now on. over the course of 5 years by 2010 in the 19905 ‘by the end of the century from this point onwards within a five-year period throughout the period In the period 2005-2010 between 2005 and 2010 In the future by then until then Jn the near future lover a five year period lover this five-year period except in 2005 towards the end of the year In the next half of the year until the end of the year In the first half of the year ‘during this period throughout the year over a period of S years {from 2005 to 2010 over @ period of time from then onwards until late Apel ‘over the period by the year 2010 2 further period of at the end of the year until the end of April at the beginning of the year lover the period 2005 to 2010 for a decade in the year 2005 over the pervious five years for the rest of the year from April onwards ‘at the end of the first quarter ‘over the same period uring the first half of the year inthe first three months of the year ‘over the latter half of the year/period thereafter during the period 2005 to 2010 Comparison (o) be entirely/ totally diferent from. (to) be the same (size) as. In marked contrast (to) have roughly equal proportions (to) be as popular/high as. (to) be completely dissimilar to [[@0) be (over) twice as much high as ((o) resemble closely/greatly (to) represent/account for... while (to) be closely followed by. (to) be totally dominated by, (to) be overwhelmingly greater than, (to) be quite/ rather similar to. (to) have broadly similar patterns (to) stand in total contrast to (to) be in the second place while (to) be ranked in descending order. (to) be exactly the same as. (to) be precisely the same as. (to) be ranked in ascending order. (to) be completely diferent from. ferences are even greater when comes to (to) far outstrip/ exceed (to) be almost/neariy the same as, (to) be quite a lot smaller than. (o) be considerably higher/lower. (to) be precisely the same as. (to) be just /particulariy the same as (to) be remarkably similar (to) be a little smaiier than (to) be more or less the same as. (to) be proportionally simi (to) be practically the same as. (to) be different in every aspect/way (to) be virtually the same as. (9) have many commen fetures induding (20) be consiceraby higher. .ranging from. t6 (to) be approximately the same as. (to) be over three times as great as. (to) have certain aspects in common (to) be dissimilar in every respect, (to) be significantly fewer. (Co) be substantially more than, (to) contrast sharply (to) be marginally higher/more than... (Co) be three times as many/high as. (Co) be almost the same as, ((o) be comparatively high/low “The same number/ percentage of.can be seen (to) be fractionaliy/ slightly more than, (to) be larger by a narrow margin (to) afer widely (to) be nearly as many as. (to) be fractionally less popular than, ‘The largest proportion of. clearly evident ({o) be considerabiy/noiceaby greber. ‘The (second) highest .. whereas “The widest Biggest aerence can be seen (to) be by far the highest/iowest. ‘The widestargestcifference can be seen in (to) be as opposed to... ‘The greatest proportion of. (to) be outnumbered by. (eo) have more than doubled, (Co) vary greaty/widely/tremendously ‘The nghes/greateny/owest propor (fo) show a sherp/stark/striking contrast to. ‘The second highest percentage. by/in comparison with (to) make up..whereas, ‘There are certain/several similarities (02) stand at_while.. and.respectively The highest figures...whilst. ‘On the one hand, .whereas...on the other (to) be remarkably similar to (Ge) be easton by fen (ie! orang) marge ({o) be outstripped by a narrow margin (¢0) contrast markeciy/viviy/stangly a ——car Meee Mo Roton aly] € Select text D Report Language - Task 1 (AC) Approximation (quantity & extent & degree) Well over/ ust over Only 2 small minority of | A slgnieantminerty of | Almost wo thirds Just under/ Well under | Around/ Neeriy/ Almost | The majority of | More than The overaneiming majorty of | Roughly] Approximately | A low quantity of Tot much Five outoften | withina range of 60% | More thn one-third Dest below ‘tiny fraction of. | Wthoverhalfa milion | Roughly quarter of | A slightly more than a fith A alighly tess than a third | A mere Faction of Foret deal of A sgnificant percentage of Fewiverytew/ Quite afew | Three querters The vost majrty/ Most | Almost a ‘Avery smal number ot | Roughly ne nfive | Amere/modest 5% Over naif 1 [ corvemene mnory/ majo | Aconsiertie amount ot. | A email number of ZA small amount of Exception ‘Except (for). A part from. | A side trom. Not included/excluded Paraphrasing ( Rephrasing / Restating / Rewording / Rewriting ) “The graph shows the trends... between ... and. [ The graph provides information about the changes. The graph shows/reveals/concerns how..difered “The graph shows the resuts of @ survey cared out to determine | The graph depicts how... has/have changed The graph shows/ demonstrates/ reveals the diferences.. | The graph shows the changes (that took place). ‘The accompanying graph gives a breakdown of. ‘The graph provides an overview of..namely The graph gives data about and ls dvied into twee categones _| The graph clearly displays and compares. ‘The graph shows/ highlights the proportion of The graph shows the changing patterns. ‘The graph shows the degree and direction of change...__| The illustration presents data / information on. Describing predictions [tts predicted/ anticipated that..wil.by Tes estimated that... In/for the foreseeable future Teis forecast (ed)../ projected that Ttis expected that../ The future implications of. [Another prediction/ projection/ forecast /anticipation...__| Predictably, the rate will Referring to a diagram | From owe See cer that. As the graph shows... [Arnstein nthe raph Rape. | AB st glance ‘According to the graph/ data shown. [At fist sight, can be dearly seen that.. | As can be observed/seen/viewed ‘Comments The most srking/ outstanding notable feature... | It should be underlined/stressed that. Anather(considrable/key) feature. [ Another (significant) feature/aspect/point...| It should be emphasised tha. Ris interesting to note Interestingly “The initial impression from the chart s...__| One wnsua amur fhe graphs. /surgl| Another interesting point “The most obvious point/ change TR is noticeable that.refiecting Prediciabiy_, Kinecates/mpis/su99es Teis (Clearly) evident that. Perhaps a reflection of itis note roteworthy/emersable tat [eshould be noted tat. [another astinguishing feature. ts portant to note thats. ——_ ‘Comparison Contrast (Qust ike/ Equal strkng/srong/corerexembieee | On the other hand Nevertheless Teentica (y)/Simiar (1y) Compare ain comparaon win | In / By contrast Even though The same as By comparison While / Wrist ‘Conversely/ On the contrary (to) resemble As (ad) /(adv) as Whereas Although Conclusion Tt can be inferred that. Overall It's evident that. ‘(Resatvely /Broaay) speaking | On average (On the whole, To sum up. To cummerise/ In summary _| All in al, Tecan be deduced, Its clear that. In general./ Generaly speaking... | Tt is obvious that. It can be concluded. In brief. Telegram: @BritishCouncilOfficial TRE EEE EEEcar eee elon aly] € Select text Report Language - Task 1 (AC) Zz eZ Paraphrasing (system /process) ‘The illustration shows how sth works/ functions ‘The diagram shows diferent parts of sth and how sth operates The diagrams show the stages in the development of sth | The dagram shows the proces/ procedure n which sth is one/(P.?) The dara Shows Row sh is done/?) Tan Gaga aes ba angi naa a Fido oo [ie ava ste proces by wien mis GorePD) |The a tow hse man cs Describing an object ( Structure) (to) eons of (to) nce Be ncded (e) be ade up of 1a) be 0b) edo wo aecons |) Fave tree componeris (ears ar prac (to) comprise! be comorsed of | fo) eontiute (o) be composed of | (to) contain (to) be constructed of (to) be structured Describing an object ( Shape) Savere(n)/Sauore(ad) | Rectangle/Rectanguiar | Cyinder/Cvindrial erage Pertgona | ovai/ovat Lozenge/~shaped =I ‘Sphere/Spherical ‘Hexagon/six-sided/Hexagonal Fiestas acs | maga ————— canal ee ee [rramirevameat | cabercubc i aa Describing an object ( Connection) (be oad (ta be comeced (a) be supported (beached (bend (a) be fee Describing an object ( Location) (be ata sunt (te be aed () be pestoned Function [Pneaneveimearaectanwcenn [etree pupenfoh ef ah idary ah] nh w von todos ah | (w)preve tp hom dong sh | 0) Be ended a dosh (a) senete dosh (alow sth dest fr any parr cesrcio cs | Cw] be mewn 0h Canale th to de rhode? so asta death withthe nena of dona Hh Th te proce in nas ove (3) be wretVneesary fr rg wh [forthe prone ing th ‘Sequencers Forst(ly)/ tialy [Ltn ene fst place Subsequently | Prior to ‘To start/ begin with Meanwhile The next phase/stage | During this process (Soon) Anterwards Simultaneously [ Then nex tater Eventually ‘tthe neve age) Te next ape | Concurrently [once mis tage is compictes.. | At the end ofthe process Following this Aer that [ Artis stage Finally Maps/ Spatial relationships Between Next to/ Beside To the nortysoutneastwestof | Behind gpoint | cece) opposite aces trom _| Inthe back (of) | Parattel to (Exactly) in the midate of | Along ‘Alongside Around/surroundes by ‘Adjacent 0 Edge (On either side of In front of = Neighbouring On the nightie side Inthe righthand comer _| AE the top/ bottom of R Maps (usually passive voice) (Qo) be located/ situated) sted (to) be (re) bul erected (reconstructed. | (to) be removed) ceared/ demolished ((o) be pulled down and replaced by...__ | (to) be made way for. (Co) be extended (re)developed (Go) be transformed / converted / tured into. | (to) be modified. (2) be doubed/enarged/odaed halved