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1. GSM Network/Cell Selection

MS is switched on.

Select PLMN in the following order.

1. Home PLMN.
2. PLMN list on SIM.
3. Any PLMN with Rx Level >-85dBm.
4. Any PLMN from the highet lowest Rx Level.

MS will scan for the home PLMN every 6 minutes.

Cell selection in the following order.

1. Should belong to the selected PLMN.

2. Not barred or should not belong to forbidden LA.
3. Radio path loss < threshold set.
3. Should meet the cell criterion (C1).

MS selects the cell with highest cell criterion (C1).

C1 = Rx level - Rx Access Min - Max (Tx Access - MS Tx power)

2. GSM Cell Re-selection

Cell Reselection in the following order.

1. MS regularly checks the neighbour cells in the neighbour list it receives from the BTS.
2. If it finds a cell with a better C2 value shown below than the serving cell, the MS re-selects the new cell.

C2 = C1 - CRO  for PT = 31 or 640s

C2= C1 + CRO - TO*H(PT - T) for PT < 31
 
H(x)=0 for x=0
H(x)=1 for x>=0

where C2 is cell re-selection parameter, C1 is the cell selection parameter and CRO is the cell re-selection offset and PT is the
Panelty Time.

Scenario 1
MS receives -90dBm and -95dBm signal levels from cell 'A' and cell 'B' respectively. Both cells have -105dBm as the access minimum level.
Cell 'A' has 10dB cell re-selection offset whereas cell 'B' has none. Also, the penalty time of cell 'A' is 240s and that of cell 'B' is 20s with
temporary offset of 0 for both cells. Which cell MS will re-select and why? You can use the following table to workout.

Cell 1

Criterion C1 Rx Lev1 = Rx_AccessMin1 =

CRO1 = TO1 =
PT1 =

Cell 2

Criterion C1 Rx Lev2 = Rx_AccessMin2 =

CRO2 = TO2 =
PT2 =

Cell_Reselection

Cell1 Value Cell2 Value

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MS will select Cell
Scenario 2
Rx level samples from Cell A are -93, -92, -95 and -99 dBm and the handover threshold is -95 dBm with the averaging window (H REQAVE) of
2. Signal level based handover is triggered is any of the averaged value is less than level threshold (nx=1, px=1).
Also, the signal quality (Rx Quality) samples during the same time interval from the Cell A are 2, 3, 4 and 5 and the averaging window is 1 with
the threshold value of 4. A handover is triggered if any 2 of the 4 averaging values (nx=4, px=2) are below the threshold.

Which type of handover is triggered?

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